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Campo-Sabariz J, García-Vara A, Moral-Anter D, Briens M, Hachemi MA, Pinloche E, Ferrer R, Martín-Venegas R. Hydroxy-Selenomethionine, an Organic Selenium Source, Increases Selenoprotein Expression and Positively Modulates the Inflammatory Response of LPS-Stimulated Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101876. [PMID: 36290599 PMCID: PMC9598155 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of 2-hydroxy-(4-methylseleno)butanoic acid (OH-SeMet), a form of organic selenium (Se), in selenoprotein synthesis and inflammatory response of THP1-derived macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been investigated. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, GPX1 gene expression, selenoprotein P (SELENOP) protein and gene expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were studied in Se-deprived conditions (6 and 24 h). Then, macrophages were supplemented with OH-SeMet for 72 h and GPX1 and SELENOP gene expression were determined. The protective effect of OH-SeMet against oxidative stress was studied in H2O2-stimulated macrophages, as well as the effect on GPX1 gene expression, oxidative stress, cytokine production (TNFα, IL-1β and IL-10), and phagocytic and killing capacities after LPS stimulation. Se deprivation induced a reduction in GPX activity, GPX1 gene expression, and SELENOP protein and gene expression at 24 h. OH-SeMet upregulated GPX1 and SELENOP gene expression and decreased ROS production after H2O2 treatment. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, OH-SeMet upregulated GPX1 gene expression, enhanced phagocytic and killing capacities, and reduced ROS and cytokine production. Therefore, OH-SeMet supplementation supports selenoprotein expression and controls oxidative burst and cytokine production while enhancing phagocytic and killing capacities, modulating the inflammatory response, and avoiding the potentially toxic insult produced by highly activated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Campo-Sabariz
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana García-Vara
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Moral-Anter
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ruth Ferrer
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Venegas
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Choi P, Rhayat L, Pinloche E, Devillard E, De Paepe E, Vanhaecke L, Haesebrouck F, Ducatelle R, Van Immerseel F, Goossens E. Bacillus Subtilis 29784 as a Feed Additive for Broilers Shifts the Intestinal Microbial Composition and Supports the Production of Hypoxanthine and Nicotinic Acid. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1335. [PMID: 34066686 PMCID: PMC8150382 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain 29784 (Bs29784) has been shown to improve performance in broilers. In this study, we used a metabolomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach to evaluate effects of Bs29874 in the broiler intestine. Nicotinic acid and hypoxanthine were key metabolites that were produced by the strain in vitro and were also found in vivo to be increased in small intestinal content of broilers fed Bs29784 as dietary additive. Both metabolites have well-described anti-inflammatory effects in the intestine. Furthermore, Bs29784 supplementation to the feed significantly altered the ileal microbiome of 13-day-old broilers, thereby increasing the abundance of genus Bacillus, while decreasing genera and OTUs belonging to the Lactobacillaceae and Enterobacteriacae families. Moreover, Bs29784 did not change the cecal microbial community structure, but specifically enriched members of the family Clostridiales VadinBB60, as well as the butyrate-producing families Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. The abundance of various OTUs and genera belonging to these families was significantly associated with nicotinic acid levels in the cecum, suggesting a possible cross-feeding between B. subtilis strain 29784 and these beneficial microbes. Taken together, the data indicate that Bs29784 exerts its described probiotic effects through a combined action of its metabolites on both the host and its microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearl Choi
- Livestock Gut Health Team, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (P.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Lamya Rhayat
- Adisseo France SAS, Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition (CERN), 6 Route Noire, 03600 Commentry, France; (L.R.); (E.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Adisseo France SAS, Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition (CERN), 6 Route Noire, 03600 Commentry, France; (L.R.); (E.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Estelle Devillard
- Adisseo France SAS, Center of Expertise and Research in Nutrition (CERN), 6 Route Noire, 03600 Commentry, France; (L.R.); (E.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Ellen De Paepe
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (E.D.P.); (L.V.)
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (E.D.P.); (L.V.)
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Livestock Gut Health Team, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (P.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Livestock Gut Health Team, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (P.C.); (R.D.)
| | - Evy Goossens
- Livestock Gut Health Team, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (P.C.); (R.D.)
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Campo-Sabariz J, Moral-Anter D, Brufau MT, Briens M, Pinloche E, Ferrer R, Martín-Venegas R. 2-Hydroxy-(4-methylseleno)butanoic Acid Is Used by Intestinal Caco-2 Cells as a Source of Selenium and Protects against Oxidative Stress. J Nutr 2019; 149:2191-2198. [PMID: 31504719 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) participates in different functions in humans and other animals through its incorporation into selenoproteins as selenocysteine. Inadequate dietary Se is considered a risk factor for several chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE The role of 2-hydroxy-(4-methylseleno)butanoic acid (HMSeBA), an organic form of Se used in animal nutrition, in supporting selenoprotein synthesis and protecting against oxidative stress was investigated in an in vitro model of intestinal Caco-2 cells. METHODS Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activities, selenoprotein P1 protein (SELENOP) and gene (SELENOP) expression, and GPX1 and GPX2 gene expression were studied in Se-deprived (FBS removal) and further HMSeBA-supplemented (0.1-625 μM, 72 h) cultures. The effect of HMSeBA supplementation (12.5 and 625 μM, 24 h) on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 (1 mM) was evaluated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) adducts, and protein carbonyl residues compared with a sodium selenite control (SS, 5 μM). RESULTS Se deprivation induced a reduction (P < 0.05) in GPX activity (62%), GPX1 expression, and both SELENOP (33%) and SELENOP expression. In contrast, an increase (P < 0.05) in GPX2 expression and no effect in TXNRD activity (P = 0.09) were observed. HMSeBA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) GPX activity (12.5-625 μM, 1.68-1.82-fold) and SELENOP protein expression (250 and 625 μM, 1.87- and 2.04-fold). Moreover, HMSeBA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) GPX1 (12.5 and 625 μM), GPX2 (625 μM), and SELENOP (12.5 and 625 μM) expression. HMSeBA (625 μM) was capable of decreasing (P < 0.05) ROS (32%), 4-HNE adduct (49%), and protein carbonyl residue (75%) production after H2O2 treatment. CONCLUSION Caco-2 cells can use HMSeBA as an Se source for selenoprotein synthesis, resulting in protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Campo-Sabariz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Moral-Anter
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Teresa Brufau
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ruth Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Venegas
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Carreño D, Toral PG, Pinloche E, Belenguer A, Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Hervás G, McEwan NR, Newbold CJ, Frutos P. Rumen bacterial community responses to DPA, EPA and DHA in cattle and sheep: A comparative in vitro study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11857. [PMID: 31413283 PMCID: PMC6694141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of marine lipids as modulators of ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids may be explained by the effects of their n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the bacterial community. However, the impact of individual PUFA has barely been examined, and it is uncertain which bacteria are truly involved in biohydrogenation. In addition, despite interspecies differences in rumen bacterial composition, we are not aware of any direct comparison of bovine and ovine responses to dietary PUFA. Therefore, rumen fluid from cannulated cattle and sheep were used as inocula to examine in vitro the effect of 20:5n-3 (EPA), 22:5n-3 (DPA), and 22:6n-3 (DHA) on the bacterial community. Amplicon 16 S rRNA sequencing suggested that EPA and DHA had a greater contribution to the action of marine lipids than DPA both in cattle and sheep. Certain effects were exclusive to each ruminant species, which underlines the complexity of rumen microbial responses to dietary fatty acids. Based on changes in bacterial abundance, Barnesiella, Prevotella, Paraprevotella, Hallela, Anaerovorax, Succiniclasticum, Ruminococcus and Ruminobacter may be involved in the ruminal response in biohydrogenation to the addition of marine lipids, but further research is necessary to confirm their actual role in ruminal lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carreño
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain.,Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Animal and Microbial Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - P G Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain.
| | - E Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Animal and Microbial Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - A Belenguer
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - D R Yáñez-Ruiz
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - G Hervás
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - N R McEwan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Animal and Microbial Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom.,School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7GJ, United Kingdom
| | - C J Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Animal and Microbial Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, United Kingdom.,Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
| | - P Frutos
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
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Mitchell CJ, O'Sullivan CM, Pinloche E, Wilkinson T, Morphew RM, McEwan NR. Using next-generation sequencing to determine diversity of horse intestinal worms: identifying the equine 'nemabiome'. J Equine Sci 2019; 30:1-5. [PMID: 30944540 PMCID: PMC6445754 DOI: 10.1294/jes.30.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing of DNA from nematode eggs has been utilised to give the first account of the equine 'nemabiome'. In all equine faecal samples investigated, multiple species of Strongylidae were detected, ranging from 7.5 (SEM 0.79) with 99+% identity to sequences in the NCBI database to 13.3 (SEM 0.80) with 90+% identity. This range is typical of the number of species described previously in morphological studies using large quantities of digesta per animal. However, the current method is non-invasive; relies on DNA analysis, avoiding the need for specialist microscopy identification; and can be carried out with small samples, providing significant advantages over current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona J Mitchell
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, U.K
| | | | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, U.K
| | - Toby Wilkinson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, U.K
| | - Russell M Morphew
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, U.K
| | - Neil R McEwan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA Wales, U.K.,School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Garthdee Campus, Robert Gordon University, AB10 7GJ Scotland, U.K
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6
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Abecia L, Martínez-Fernandez G, Waddams K, Martín-García AI, Pinloche E, Creevey CJ, Denman SE, Newbold CJ, Yáñez-Ruiz DR. Analysis of the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome to Study the Effect of an Antimethanogenic Treatment Applied in Early Life of Kid Goats. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2227. [PMID: 30356690 PMCID: PMC6189281 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to gain insight into the transition from milk to solid feeding at weaning combining genomics and metabolomics on rumen contents from goat kids treated with a methanogenic inhibitor (bromochloromethane, BCM). Sixteen goats giving birth to two kids were used. Eight does were treated (D+) with BCM after giving birth and over 2 months. One kid per doe in both groups was treated with BCM (k+) for 3 months while the other was untreated (k-). Rumen samples were collected from kids at weaning (W) and 1 (W + 1) and 4 (W + 4) months after and from does at weaning and subjected to 16S pyrosequencing and metabolomics analyses combining GC/LC-MS. Results from pyrosequencing showed a clear effect of age of kids, with more diverse bacterial community as solid feed becomes more important after weaning. A number of specific OTUs were significantly different as a result of BCM treatment of the kid at W while at W + 1 and W + 4 less OTUs were significantly changed. At W + 1, Prevotella was increased and Butyrivibrio decreased in BCM treated kids. At W + 4 only the effect of treating mothers resulted in significant changes in the abundance of some OTUs: Ruminococcus, Butyrivibrio and Prevotella. The analysis of the OTUs shared by different treatments revealed that kids at weaning had the largest number of unique OTUs compared with kids at W + 1 (137), W + 4 (238), and does (D) (23). D + k+ kids consistently shared more OTUs with mothers than the other three groups at the three sampling times. The metalobomic study identified 473 different metabolites. In does, lipid super pathway included the highest number of metabolites that were modified by BCM, while in kids all super-pathways were evenly affected. The metabolomic profile of samples from kids at W was different in composition as compared to W + 1 and W + 4, which may be directly ascribed to the process of rumen maturation and changes in the solid diet. This study shows the complexity of the bacterial community and metabolome in the rumen before weaning, which clearly differ from that after weaning and highlight the importance of the dam in transmitting the primary bacterial community after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Abecia
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Fernandez
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.,Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate Waddams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Creevey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Edward Denman
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and Food, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | | | - David R Yáñez-Ruiz
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
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Kiros TG, Pinloche E, D’Inca R, Auclair E, Van Kessel A. Model development: establishing pigs with homogenous microbial profile in the hind gut. Can J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2017-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The considerable animal-to-animal variation in microbial profiles is a challenge in elucidating the role of gut microbiota in host metabolism. The main purpose of this study was, therefore, to develop a pig model with reduced animal-to-animal variation in gut microbial profile. Twelve piglets from four sows were reared conventionally and 12 piglets from four sows were reared artificially in high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtered isolators. All isolator-reared piglets were given an artificial colostrum formula containing the combined fecal material from all eight sows. All piglets were killed at 21 d of age and intestinal contents subjected to 16s rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling. Resulting T-RFLP profiles clustered into two distinct groups representing the two treatment groups. Furthermore, Bray–Curtis dissimilarity distance values and Dice similarity indices showed reduced beta diversity in isolator-reared pigs indicating animal-to-animal variation was reduced in isolator-reared compared to conventional piglets. However, surprisingly, increased alpha diversity was observed in isolator-reared piglets compared with conventional piglets. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that rearing of piglets under conditions of controlled environment reduced animal-to-animal variation in the hindgut microbiota while paradoxically increasing within animal microbial diversity. Isolator rearing may be useful as a model to improve detection of treatment effects on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadele G. Kiros
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Llanbadarn Campus, Aberystwyth SY23 3AL, UK
| | - Romain D’Inca
- SI Lesaffre, Phileo-Lesaffre Animal Care, 137 Rue Gabriel Péri, 59700 Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Eric Auclair
- SI Lesaffre, Phileo-Lesaffre Animal Care, 137 Rue Gabriel Péri, 59700 Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Andrew Van Kessel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
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Adetoye A, Pinloche E, Adeniyi BA, Ayeni FA. Characterization and anti-salmonella activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from cattle faeces. BMC Microbiol 2018; 18:96. [PMID: 30165820 PMCID: PMC6118008 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non typhoidal salmonellosis is one of the neglected zoonoses in most African countries. The use of sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics as animal growth promoter enhances the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria with food animal reservoirs and may also results in antibiotics residue in animal products. One promising alternative to antibiotics in animal feed is Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) as probiotics. This study was carried out to determine the anti-salmonella activities and suitability of LAB isolated from cattle faeces in Nigeria as potential probiotics in cattle feed. Method The test Salmonella enterica spp strains and LAB were isolated from cattle faeces and identified by MALDI-TOF MS and partial sequencing of 16S rRNA genes respectively. The anti-salmonella activities of the isolated LAB in co-culture, cell-free supernatant, inhibition of growth by viable LAB cells and quantification of organic acids were determined by standard techniques. The ability of the LAB strains to withstand gastric conditions, antibiotic susceptibility and their haemolytic ability on blood agar were also determined. Results A total of 88 LAB belonging to 15 species were isolated and identified from cattle faeces. The most abundant species were Streptococcus infantarius (26), Enterococcus hirae (12), Lactobacillus amylovorus (10), Lactobacillus mucosae (10) and Lactobacillus ingluviei (9). Most of the LAB strains showed good anti-salmonella activities against the test Salmonella enterica spp. with 2 Lactobacillus strains; Lactobacillus amylovorus C94 and Lactobacillus salivarius C86 exhibiting remarkable anti-salmonella activities with total inhibition of Salmonella spp after 18 hours of co-incubation. The selected strains were able to survive simultaneous growth at pH 3 and 7% bile concentration and are non hemolytic. Conclusion This study reports the vast diversity of culturable LAB in cattle faeces from Nigeria and their putative in-vitro antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica spp isolated from cattle. Lactobacillus amylovorus C94 and Lactobacillus salivarius C86 demonstrated promising probiotic potentials in-vitro and will be further tested in-vivo in animal field trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Adetoye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Bolanle A Adeniyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Funmilola A Ayeni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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9
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Kiros TG, Derakhshani H, Pinloche E, D'Inca R, Marshall J, Auclair E, Khafipour E, Van Kessel A. Effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Actisaf Sc 47) supplementation on the performance and hindgut microbiota composition of weanling pigs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5315. [PMID: 29593306 PMCID: PMC5871783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, live yeast supplementation has proven useful in reducing weaning stress and improving performance parameters of piglets. Here, we compared the performance and hindgut microbiota of weanling piglets subjected to different pre- and post-weaning yeast supplementation regimens using a live strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Actisaf Sc 47). Average feed intake and average daily weight gain of piglets within Yeast-Control and Yeast-Yeast groups were higher than those in the Control-Control group. Yeast supplementation resulted in development of microbial communities that were phylogenetically more homogenous and less dispersed compared to the microbiota of control piglets. Key bacterial taxa overrepresented in the microbiota of yeast supplemented piglets included phylum Actinobacteria, specifically family Coriobacteriaceae, as well as Firmicutes families Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Peptococcaceae. Correlation network analysis revealed that yeast supplementation was associated with enrichment of positive correlations among proportions of different bacterial genera within the hindgut ecosystem. In particular, within the cecal microbiota of supplemented piglets, higher numbers of positive correlations were observed among potentially beneficial genera of the phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, suggesting a mechanism by which yeast supplementation may contribute to regulation of intestinal homeostasis and improved performance of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Kiros
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 campus drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.,Phileo-Lesaffre Animal Care, Lesaffre group France, Paris, France
| | - H Derakhshani
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Animal Science Bldg 12 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Manitoba, Canada
| | - E Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Llanbadarn Campus, SY23 3AL, Aberystywth, UK
| | - R D'Inca
- Phileo-Lesaffre Animal Care, 137 rue Gabriel Péri, 59700, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - Jason Marshall
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 campus drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - E Auclair
- Phileo-Lesaffre Animal Care, 137 rue Gabriel Péri, 59700, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - E Khafipour
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Animal Science Bldg 12 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Manitoba, Canada. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - A Van Kessel
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 campus drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.
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10
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Belanche A, Pinloche E, Preskett D, Newbold CJ. Effects and mode of action of chitosan and ivy fruit saponins on the microbiome, fermentation and methanogenesis in the rumen simulation technique. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2015; 92:fiv160. [PMID: 26676056 PMCID: PMC5831848 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiv160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of supplementing a control diet (CON) with chitosan (CHI) or ivy fruit saponins (IVY) as natural feed additives. Both additives had similar abilities to decrease rumen methanogenesis (–42% and –40%, respectively) using different mechanisms: due to its antimicrobial and nutritional properties CHI promoted a shift in the fermentation pattern towards propionate production which explained about two thirds of the decrease in methanogenesis. This shift was achieved by a simplification of the structure in the bacterial community and a substitution of fibrolytic (Firmicutes and Fibrobacteres) by amylolytic bacteria (Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria) which led to greater amylase activity, lactate and microbial protein yield with no detrimental effect on feed digestibility. Contrarily, IVY had negligible nutritional properties promoting minor changes in the fermentation pattern and on the bacterial community. Instead, IVY modified the structure of the methanogen community and decreased its diversity. This specific antimicrobial effect of IVY against methanogens was considered its main antimethanogenic mechanism. IVY had however a negative impact on microbial protein synthesis. Therefore, CHI and IVY should be further investigated in vivo to determine the optimum doses which maintain low methanogenesis but prevent negative effects on the rumen fermentation and animal metabolism. Rumen function is generally suboptimal leading to loses in the form of methane and nitrogen, analysis of the rumen microbiome is vital to understand the mode of action of new feed additives to improve rumen function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Belanche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - David Preskett
- BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, LL57 2UW, Bangor, UK
| | - C Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA, Aberystwyth, UK
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11
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de la Fuente G, Belanche A, Girwood SE, Pinloche E, Wilkinson T, Newbold CJ. Pros and cons of ion-torrent next generation sequencing versus terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism T-RFLP for studying the rumen bacterial community. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101435. [PMID: 25051490 PMCID: PMC4106765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of next generation sequencing has challenged the use of other molecular fingerprinting methods used to study microbial diversity. We analysed the bacterial diversity in the rumen of defaunated sheep following the introduction of different protozoal populations, using both next generation sequencing (NGS: Ion Torrent PGM) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Although absolute number differed, there was a high correlation between NGS and T-RFLP in terms of richness and diversity with R values of 0.836 and 0.781 for richness and Shannon-Wiener index, respectively. Dendrograms for both datasets were also highly correlated (Mantel test = 0.742). Eighteen OTUs and ten genera were significantly impacted by the addition of rumen protozoa, with an increase in the relative abundance of Prevotella, Bacteroides and Ruminobacter, related to an increase in free ammonia levels in the rumen. Our findings suggest that classic fingerprinting methods are still valuable tools to study microbial diversity and structure in complex environments but that NGS techniques now provide cost effect alternatives that provide a far greater level of information on the individual members of the microbial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel de la Fuente
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Belanche
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. Girwood
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Wilkinson
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - C. Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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12
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Castro-Carrera T, Toral P, Frutos P, McEwan N, Hervás G, Abecia L, Pinloche E, Girdwood S, Belenguer A. Rumen bacterial community evaluated by 454 pyrosequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses in dairy sheep fed marine algae. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:1661-9. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Dougal K, de la Fuente G, Harris PA, Girdwood SE, Pinloche E, Geor RJ, Nielsen BD, Schott HC, Elzinga S, Newbold CJ. Characterisation of the faecal bacterial community in adult and elderly horses fed a high fibre, high oil or high starch diet using 454 pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87424. [PMID: 24504261 PMCID: PMC3913607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Faecal samples were collected from seventeen animals, each fed three different diets (high fibre, high fibre with a starch rich supplement and high fibre with an oil rich supplement). DNA was extracted and the V1-V2 regions of 16SrDNA were 454-pyrosequenced to investigate the faecal microbiome of the horse. The effect of age was also considered by comparing mature (8 horses aged 5-12) versus elderly horses (9 horses aged 19-28). A reduction in diversity was found in the elderly horse group. Significant differences between diets were found at an OTU level (52 OTUs at corrected Q<0.1). The majority of differences found were related to the Firmucutes phylum (37) with some changes in Bacteroidetes (6), Proteobacteria (3), Actinobacteria (2) and Spirochaetes (1). For the forage only diet,with no added starch or oil, we found 30/2934 OTUs (accounting for 15.9% of sequences) present in all horses. However the core (i.e. present in all horses) associated with the oil rich supplemented diet was somewhat smaller (25/3029 OTUs, 10.3% ) and the core associated with the starch rich supplemented diet was even smaller (15/2884 OTUs, 5.4% ). The core associated with samples across all three diets was extremely small (6/5689 OTUs accounting for only 2.3% of sequences) and dominated by the order Clostridiales, with the most abundant family being Lachnospiraceae. In conclusion, forage based diets plus starch or oil rich complementary feeds were associated with differences in the faecal bacterial community compared with the forage alone. Further, as observed in people, ageing is associated with a reduction in bacterial diversity. However there was no change in the bacterial community structure in these healthy animals associated with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Dougal
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel de la Fuente
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A. Harris
- Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. Girdwood
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond J. Geor
- Michigan State University, Department of Animal Science, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brian D. Nielsen
- Michigan State University, Department of Animal Science, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Harold C. Schott
- Michigan State University, Department of Animal Science, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sarah Elzinga
- Michigan State University, Department of Animal Science, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - C. Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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14
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Dougal K, de la Fuente G, Harris PA, Girdwood SE, Pinloche E, Newbold CJ. Identification of a core bacterial community within the large intestine of the horse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77660. [PMID: 24204908 PMCID: PMC3812009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The horse has a rich and complex microbial community within its gastrointestinal tract that plays a central role in both health and disease. The horse receives much of its dietary energy through microbial hydrolysis and fermentation of fiber predominantly in the large intestine/hindgut. The presence of a possible core bacterial community in the equine large intestine was investigated in this study. Samples were taken from the terminal ileum and 7 regions of the large intestine from ten animals, DNA extracted and the V1-V2 regions of 16SrDNA 454-pyrosequenced. A specific group of OTUs clustered in all ileal samples and a distinct and different signature existed for the proximal regions of the large intestine and the distal regions. A core group of bacterial families were identified in all gut regions with clear differences shown between the ileum and the various large intestine regions. The core in the ileum accounted for 32% of all sequences and comprised of only seven OTUs of varying abundance; the core in the large intestine was much smaller (5-15% of all sequences) with a much larger number of OTUs present but in low abundance. The most abundant member of the core community in the ileum was Lactobacillaceae, in the proximal large intestine the Lachnospiraceae and in the distal large intestine the Prevotellaceae. In conclusion, the presence of a core bacterial community in the large intestine of the horse that is made up of many low abundance OTUs may explain in part the susceptibility of horses to digestive upset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Dougal
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel de la Fuente
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia A. Harris
- Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. Girdwood
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - C. Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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15
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Privé F, Kaderbhai NN, Girdwood S, Worgan HJ, Pinloche E, Scollan ND, Huws SA, Newbold CJ. Identification and characterization of three novel lipases belonging to families II and V from Anaerovibrio lipolyticus 5ST. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69076. [PMID: 23950883 PMCID: PMC3741291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the isolation, cultivation and characterization of the rumen bacterium Anaerovibrio lipolyticus in the 1960s, it has been recognized as one of the major species involved in lipid hydrolysis in ruminant animals. However, there has been limited characterization of the lipases from the bacterium, despite the importance of understanding lipolysis and its impact on subsequent biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by rumen microbes. This study describes the draft genome of Anaerovibrio lipolytica 5ST, and the characterization of three lipolytic genes and their translated protein. The uncompleted draft genome was 2.83 Mbp and comprised of 2,673 coding sequences with a G+C content of 43.3%. Three putative lipase genes, alipA, alipB and alipC, encoding 492-, 438- and 248- amino acid peptides respectively, were identified using RAST. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that alipA and alipB clustered with the GDSL/SGNH family II, and alipC clustered with lipolytic enzymes from family V. Subsequent expression and purification of the enzymes showed that they were thermally unstable and had higher activities at neutral to alkaline pH. Substrate specificity assays indicated that the enzymes had higher hydrolytic activity against caprylate (C8), laurate (C12) and myristate (C14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Privé
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Naheed N. Kaderbhai
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Girdwood
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary J. Worgan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel D. Scollan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon A. Huws
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - C. Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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16
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Pinloche E, McEwan N, Marden JP, Bayourthe C, Auclair E, Newbold CJ. The effects of a probiotic yeast on the bacterial diversity and population structure in the rumen of cattle. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67824. [PMID: 23844101 PMCID: PMC3699506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the ability of live yeast to improve milk yield and weight gain in cattle is because the yeast stimulates bacterial activity within the rumen. However it remains unclear if this is a general stimulation of all species or a specific stimulation of certain species. Here we characterised the change in the bacterial population within the rumen of cattle fed supplemental live yeast. Three cannulated lactating cows received a daily ration (24 kg/d) of corn silage (61% of DM), concentrates (30% of DM), dehydrated alfalfa (9% of DM) and a minerals and vitamins mix (1% of DM). The effect of yeast (BIOSAF SC 47, Lesaffre Feed Additives, France; 0.5 or 5 g/d) was compared to a control (no additive) in a 3×3 Latin square design. The variation in the rumen bacterial community between treatments was assessed using Serial Analysis of V1 Ribosomal Sequence Tag (SARST-V1) and 454 pyrosequencing based on analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Compared to the control diet supplementation of probiotic yeast maintained a healthy fermentation in the rumen of lactating cattle (higher VFA concentration [high yeast dose only], higher rumen pH, and lower Eh and lactate). These improvements were accompanied with a shift in the main fibrolytic group (Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus) and lactate utilising bacteria (Megasphaera and Selenomonas). In addition we have shown that the analysis of short V1 region of 16s rRNA gene (50–60 bp) could give as much phylogenetic information as a longer read (454 pyrosequencing of 250 bp). This study also highlights the difficulty of drawing conclusions on composition and diversity of complex microbiota because of the variation caused by the use of different methods (sequencing technology and/or analysis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- Lesaffre Feed Additives, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - Neil McEwan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | | | - Corinne Bayourthe
- INRA, UMR1289 TANDEM, Tissus Animaux Nutrition Digestion Ecosystème et Métabolisme, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse, INPT ENSAT, INP-ENVT, UMR1289 TANDEM, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eric Auclair
- Lesaffre Feed Additives, Marcq-en-Barœul, France
| | - C. Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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17
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Pinloche E, Williams M, D'Inca R, Auclair E, Newbold CJ. Use of a colon simulation technique to assess the effect of live yeast on fermentation parameters and microbiota of the colon of pig. J Anim Sci 2012; 90 Suppl 4:353-5. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.53800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, SY23 3DD, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
- Lesaffre Feed Additives, 59700, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - M. Williams
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, SY23 3DD, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - R. D'Inca
- Lesaffre Feed Additives, 59700, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - E. Auclair
- Lesaffre Feed Additives, 59700, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - C. J. Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, SY23 3DD, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
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18
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Belanche A, de la Fuente G, Pinloche E, Newbold CJ, Balcells J. Effect of diet and absence of protozoa on the rumen microbial community and on the representativeness of bacterial fractions used in the determination of microbial protein synthesis1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:3924-36. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Belanche
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3EE, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - G. de la Fuente
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3EE, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - E. Pinloche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3EE, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - C. J. Newbold
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3EE, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - J. Balcells
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departament de Producció Animal, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agrària, Universitat Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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19
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Belanche A, Doreau M, Edwards JE, Moorby JM, Pinloche E, Newbold CJ. Shifts in the rumen microbiota due to the type of carbohydrate and level of protein ingested by dairy cattle are associated with changes in rumen fermentation. J Nutr 2012; 142:1684-92. [PMID: 22833657 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.159574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Balancing energy and nitrogen in the rumen is a key to both profitability and environmental sustainability. Four dairy cows were used in a Latin square experimental design to investigate the effect of severe nitrogen underfeeding (110 vs. 80% of requirements) and the type of carbohydrate consumed [neutral detergent fiber rich (FIB) vs. starch rich (STA)] on the rumen ecosystem. These dietary treatments modified both rumen fermentation and microbial populations. Compared with STA diets, consumption of FIB diets increased bacterial and fungal diversity in the rumen and also increased the concentrations of cellulolytic microorganisms, including protozoa (+38%), anaerobic fungi (+59%), and methanogens (+27%). This microbial adaptation to fiber utilization led to similar digestibility values for the 2 carbohydrate sources and was accompanied by a shift in the rumen fermentation patterns; when the FIB diets were consumed, the cows had greater ruminal pH, ammonia concentrations, and molar proportions of acetate and propionate compared with when they consumed the STA diets. Certain rumen microorganisms were sensitive to a shortage of nitrogen; rumen concentrations of ammonia were 49% lower when the low-protein (LP) diets were consumed as were total bacteria (-13%), anaerobic fungi (-28%), methanogens (-27%), protozoa (-19%), cellulolytic bacteria, and microbial diversity compared with when the high-protein (HP) diets were consumed. As a result, the digestibility of the LP diets was less than that of the HP diets. These findings demonstrated that the rumen microbial ecosystem is directly linked to the rumen fermentation pattern and, to some extent, to the efficiency of diet utilization by dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Belanche
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
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20
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Huws SA, Kim EJ, Lee MRF, Scott MB, Tweed JKS, Pinloche E, Wallace RJ, Scollan ND. As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation. Environ Microbiol 2011; 13:1500-12. [PMID: 21418494 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biohydrogenation of dietary poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the rumen results in the high ratio of SFA/PUFA in ruminant products, such as meat and milk. In vitro, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus-related bacteria extensively biohydrogenate PUFA to SFA, yet their contribution in the rumen has not been confirmed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus group bacteria in ruminal biohydrogenation and to assess the possible role of other bacteria. Fish oil at 0%, 1.5% and 3% dry matter intake was fed to eight Holstein × Friesian steers, in order to elicit changes in the extent of PUFA biohydrogenation. Fatty acid and B. proteoclasticus group 16S rRNA concentrations in rumen digesta were determined. Correlation between digesta 18:0 concentration and B. proteoclasticus group 16S rRNA concentration was low. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) coupled with multivariate statistics revealed that many terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) and DGGE bands were linked to cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 18:1 trans-11 and 18:0 ruminal concentrations. MiCA T-RF predictive identification software showed that these linked T-RFs were likely to originate from as yet uncultured bacteria classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae. Sequencing of linked DGGE bands also revealed that as yet uncultured bacteria classified as Prevotella, Anaerovoax (member of the Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis family), and unclassified Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a role in biohydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Huws
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
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Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Macías B, Pinloche E, Newbold CJ. The persistence of bacterial and methanogenic archaeal communities residing in the rumen of young lambs. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 72:272-8. [PMID: 20236326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to study the persistence in time of bacterial and methanogenic archaeal communities that establish in the rumen of lambs fed two different diets at weaning. Twenty ewes with single lambs were used in two phases. In phase I, 10 lambs had access only to grass hay (H group). The other 10 lambs had free access to concentrate and grass hay (C group). After 20 weeks, five lambs from each group were slaughtered and rumen samples were kept for analysis. In phase II, the remaining lambs were grouped together and fed grass plus concentrate for 4 months and then slaughtered, and rumen samples were collected for analysis. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed a different bacterial and methanogen population established in the rumen of H and C lambs in phase I. These differences disappeared for methanogens after both groups were fed the same diet for 4 months; however, the total bacterial community remained different for the H and C samples. Our results suggest that some of the differences in the microbial populations that establish in animals fed different diets at weaning persist in the long term, which provides the possibility of programming the microbial populations in the adult animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Yáñez-Ruiz
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystywth, UK
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Skrivanová E, Worgan HJ, Pinloche E, Marounek M, Newbold CJ, McEwan NR. Changes in the bacterial population of the caecum and stomach of the rabbit in response to addition of dietary caprylic acid. Vet Microbiol 2010; 144:334-9. [PMID: 20181443 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of caprylic acid, either in its pure form, or as Akomed R, on the microbial community of the stomach and caecum of farmed rabbits was investigated. This fatty acid, which is often added to the diet of farmed rabbits to reduce mortality rates was shown to reduce the number of coliforms isolated from both the stomach and the caecum. Moreover, it led to a reduction in the total number of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the caecum, but not for those isolated from the stomach. Its mode of action remains unclear, but here it is shown by use of both DGGE and TRFLP analysis that these changes are not confined to one specific group of bacteria, but rather affects a number of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Skrivanová
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, 10401, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Moubareck C, Lecso M, Pinloche E, Butel MJ, Doucet-Populaire F. Inhibitory impact of bifidobacteria on the transfer of beta-lactam resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in the gnotobiotic mouse digestive tract. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 73:855-60. [PMID: 17122392 PMCID: PMC1800754 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02001-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While looking for new means to limit the dissemination of antibiotic resistance, we evaluated the role of potentially probiotic bifidobacteria on the transfer of resistance genes between enterobacteria. Transfers of bla genes encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (SHV-5 and CTX-M-15) were studied in the absence or presence of bifidobacteria. In vitro, transfer frequencies of these bla genes decreased significantly in the presence of three of five tested strains, i.e., Bifidobacterium longum CUETM-89-215, Bifidobacterium bifidum CIP-56.7T, and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum CIP-104168T. Four transfer experiments were conducted in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice, the first three observing the effect of B. longum CUETM-89-215, B. bifidum CIP-56.7T, and B. pseudocatenulatum CIP-104168T on blaSHV-5 transfer and the fourth experiment studying the effect of B. bifidum CIP-56.7T on blaCTX-M-15 transfer. These experiments revealed significant decreases in the transconjugant levels (up to 3 logs) in mice having received B. bifidum CIP-56.7T or B. pseudocatenulatum CIP-104168T compared to control mice. Bifidobacteria appear to have an inhibitory impact on the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The inhibitory effect is associated to specific bifidobacterial strains and may be related to the production of thermostable metabolites by these strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Moubareck
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, EA 4065, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - M. Lecso
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, EA 4065, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - E. Pinloche
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, EA 4065, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - M. J. Butel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, EA 4065, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - F. Doucet-Populaire
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, EA 4065, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes-Paris 5, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Phone: (33) 1 53 73 99 13. Fax: (33) 1 53 73 99 23. E-mail:
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