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Improvement of the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Welsh Onion ( Allium fistulosum) Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162425. [PMID: 36010426 PMCID: PMC9407235 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) leaves contain several bioactive compounds that can be extracted and used to develop new value-added products (e.g., functional foods and dietary supplements). In the current work, optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions to obtain extracts with high polyphenols content and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) scavenging activity were identified using response surface methodology. A complete 3k factorial design was used to evaluate the effect of different variables of the UAE (extraction temperature, time, and ethanol concentration) on the polyphenols content and the DPPH scavenging activity of the extracts. The best conditions for UAE to reach both the highest values of total polyphenols content (51.78 mg GAE/100 g) and DPPH scavenging activity (34.07 mg Trolox equivalents/100 g) were an extraction temperature of 60 °C, time of 10 min, and ethanol concentration of 70% v/v. The antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained at the optimal conditions was also evaluated by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays obtaining values of 155.51 ± 2.80 μM Trolox/100 g and 1300.21 ± 65.55 μM Trolox/100 g, respectively. Moreover, these extracts were characterized by UHPLC-ESI+-Orbitrap-MS analysis finding that cyanidin (6.0 mg/kg) was the phenolic compound found in the highest amount followed by quercetin-3-glucoside (4.4 mg/kg).
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The Preparation of the Essential Oil from Pomelo (Citrus maxima ‘Shatian Yu’) Peel Using Microwave-Assisted Distillation by Pectinase Soaking and Its Anti-Fungal Activity. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9070161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To verify the anti-fungus properties of the crop-harmful pseudocercospora, the essential oil (EO) of pomelo peel (PP) was extracted by a single factor combined with response surface optimization. Meanwhile, the composition and activity of EO were studied. The PP was squeezed by a screw extruder and pretreatmented by pectinase, then extracted by microwave-assisted steam distillation. The optimal conditions were as follows: pectinase dosage was 69.17 μmol/g, microwave power was 651.42 W and extraction time was 43.84 min. The dry weight (DW) yield of PPEO reached 14.63 mL/kg DW after BBD optimization. There were 23 compounds in the PPEO identified by GC-MS. Limonene, α-phrenbutene, and laurene in PPEO accounted for 79.31%, 4.72%, and 3.46%, respectively. In addition, the antifungal was effective when the concentration of PPEO was 3.5 mg/mL. Therefore, this study has guiding significance for the development of natural resources.
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Optimization of ionic liquid-based homogenate extraction of orientin and vitexin from the flowers of Trollius chinensis and its application on a pilot scale. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Zhong C, Jia H, Wei P. Enhanced saccharification of wheat straw with the application of ultrasonic-assisted quaternary ammonium hydroxide pretreatment. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Effects of ultrasonic processing on degradation of salvianolic acid B in aqueous solution. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:252-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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6
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Meullemiestre A, Petitcolas E, Maache-Rezzoug Z, Chemat F, Rezzoug SA. Impact of ultrasound on solid-liquid extraction of phenolic compounds from maritime pine sawdust waste. Kinetics, optimization and large scale experiments. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 28:230-239. [PMID: 26384903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Maritime pine sawdust, a by-product from industry of wood transformation, has been investigated as a potential source of polyphenols which were extracted by ultrasound-assisted maceration (UAM). UAM was optimized for enhancing extraction efficiency of polyphenols and reducing time-consuming. In a first time, a preliminary study was carried out to optimize the solid/liquid ratio (6g of dry material per mL) and the particle size (0.26 cm(2)) by conventional maceration (CVM). Under these conditions, the optimum conditions for polyphenols extraction by UAM, obtained by response surface methodology, were 0.67 W/cm(2) for the ultrasonic intensity (UI), 40°C for the processing temperature (T) and 43 min for the sonication time (t). UAM was compared with CVM, the results showed that the quantity of polyphenols was improved by 40% (342.4 and 233.5mg of catechin equivalent per 100g of dry basis, respectively for UAM and CVM). A multistage cross-current extraction procedure allowed evaluating the real impact of UAM on the solid-liquid extraction enhancement. The potential industrialization of this procedure was implemented through a transition from a lab sonicated reactor (3 L) to a large scale one with 30 L volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meullemiestre
- Université de La Rochelle, LaSIE, UMR-CNRS 7356, Pôles Sciences et Technologie, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France; Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - E Petitcolas
- Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Z Maache-Rezzoug
- Université de La Rochelle, LaSIE, UMR-CNRS 7356, Pôles Sciences et Technologie, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France
| | - F Chemat
- Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, INRA, UMR408, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - S A Rezzoug
- Université de La Rochelle, LaSIE, UMR-CNRS 7356, Pôles Sciences et Technologie, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France.
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7
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Liao J, Qu B, Liu D, Zheng N. New method to enhance the extraction yield of rutin from Sophora japonica using a novel ultrasonic extraction system by determining optimum ultrasonic frequency. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 27:110-116. [PMID: 26186827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been proposed for enhancing extraction yield of rutin from Sophora japonica, in which a novel ultrasonic extraction system has been developed to perform the determination of optimum ultrasonic frequency by a two-step procedure. This study has systematically investigated the influence of a continuous frequency range of 20-92 kHz on rutin yields. The effects of different operating conditions on rutin yields have also been studied in detail such as solvent concentration, solvent to solid ratio, ultrasound power, temperature and particle size. A higher extraction yield was obtained at the ultrasonic frequency of 60-62 kHz which was little affected under other extraction conditions. Comparative studies between existing methods and the present method were done to verify the effectiveness of this method. Results indicated that the new extraction method gave a higher extraction yield compared with existing ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and soxhlet extraction (SE). Thus, the potential use of this method may be promising for extraction of natural materials on an industrial scale in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Liao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Advanced Process Control for Light Industry of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, PR China.
| | - Baida Qu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Advanced Process Control for Light Industry of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Da Liu
- Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Naiqin Zheng
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Ningde Normal University, Ningde 352100, PR China
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8
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Fan XD, Hou Y, Huang XX, Qiu TQ, Jiang JG. Ultrasound-Enhanced Subcritical CO2 Extraction of Lutein from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4597-605. [PMID: 25837869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lutein is an important pigment of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with many beneficial functions in human health. The main purpose of this study was to extract lutein from C. pyrenoidosa using ultrasound-enhanced subcritical CO2 extraction (USCCE). Effects of operating conditions on the extraction, including extraction pretreatment, temperature, pressure, time, CO2 flow rate, and ultrasonic power, were investigated, and an orthogonal experiment was designed to study the effects of extraction pressure, temperature, cosolvent amount, and time on the extraction yields. The USCCE method was compared with other extraction methods in terms of the yields of lutein and the microstructure of C. pyrenoidosa powder by scanning electron microscopy. A maximal extraction yield of 124.01 mg lutein/100 g crude material was achieved under optimal conditions of extraction temperature at 27 °C, extraction pressure at 21 MPa, cosolvent amount at 1.5 mL/g ethanol, and ultrasound power at 1000 W. Compared to other methods, USCCE could significantly increase the lutein extraction yield at lower extraction temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the kinetic models of USCCE and subcritical CO2 extraction (SCCE) of lutein from C. pyrenoidosa were set as E = 130.64 × (1 - e(-0.6599t)) and E = 101.82 × (1 - e(-0.5683t)), respectively. The differences of parameters in the kinetic models indicate that ultrasound was able to enhance the extraction process of SCCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Fan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yan Hou
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xing-Xin Huang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tai-Qiu Qiu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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9
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Duan MH, Xu WJ, Yao XH, Zhang DY, Zhang YH, Fu YJ, Zu YG. Homogenate-assisted negative pressure cavitation extraction of active compounds from Pyrola incarnata Fisch. and the extraction kinetics study. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Zhang DY, Yao XH, Duan MH, Luo M, Zhao CJ, Zu YG, Fu YJ. An effective homogenate-assisted negative pressure cavitation extraction for the determination of phenolic compounds in pyrola by LC-MS/MS and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity. Food Funct 2015; 6:3323-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00727e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel extraction method was designed for the extraction and determination of the main phenolic compounds of Pyrola incarnata Fisch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- College of Biotechonlogy and Sericultural Research Institute
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yao
- College of Biotechonlogy and Sericultural Research Institute
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Duan
- State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
| | - Meng Luo
- State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
| | - Chun-Jian Zhao
- State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
| | - Yuan-Gang Zu
- State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- State Engineering Laboratory for Bio-Resource Eco-Utilization
- Northeast Forestry University
- Harbin 150040
- PR China
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11
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Wong Paz JE, Muñiz Márquez DB, Martínez Ávila GCG, Belmares Cerda RE, Aguilar CN. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from native plants in the Mexican desert. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 22:474-481. [PMID: 25012563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Several plants that are rich in polyphenolic compounds and exhibit biological properties are grown in the desert region of Mexico under extreme climate conditions. These compounds have been recovered by classic methodologies in these plants using organic solvents. However, little information is available regarding the use of alternative extraction technologies, such as ultrasound. In this paper, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters, such as the liquid:solid ratio, solvent concentration and extraction time, were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) for the extraction of polyphenols from desert plants including Jatrophadioica,Flourensiacernua, Turneradiffusa and Eucalyptuscamaldulensis. Key process variables (i.e., liquid:solid ratio and ethanol concentration) exert the greatest influence on the extraction of all of the phenolic compounds (TPC) in the studied plants. The best conditions for the extraction of TPC involved an extraction time of 40min, an ethanol concentration of 35% and a liquid:solid ratio ranging from 8 to 12mlg(-1) depending on the plant. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the E. camaldulensis extracts. The results indicated the ability of UAE to obtain polyphenolic antioxidant preparations from desert plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Wong Paz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Diana B Muñiz Márquez
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Ruth E Belmares Cerda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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12
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Zhao Q, Zhang W, Wu Y, Ouyang J. Extraction Techniques and Stability of Carotenoprotein from Carrot (D
aucus carota
L.) Root. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojiao Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; College of Biological Sciences and Technology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; College of Biological Sciences and Technology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yanwen Wu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis; Beijing 100089 China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; College of Biological Sciences and Technology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
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13
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Chougle JA, Singhal RS, Baik OD. Recovery of Astaxanthin fromParacoccusNBRC 101723 using Ultrasound-Assisted Three Phase Partitioning (UA-TPP). SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.872146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Zhang YB, Wang LH, Zhang DY, Zhou LL, Guo YX. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and purification of schisandrin B from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill seeds: optimization by response surface methodology. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:461-6. [PMID: 24084334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop a process consisting of ultrasonic-assisted extraction, silica-gel column chromatography and crystallization to optimize pilot scale recovery of schisandrin B (SAB) from Schisandra chinensis seeds. The effects of five independent variables including liquid-solid ratio, ethanol concentration, ultrasonic power, extraction time, and temperature on the SAB yield were evaluated with fractional factorial design (FFD). The FFD results showed that the ethanol concentration was the only significant factor for the yield of SAB. Then, with the liquid-solid ratio 5 (mL/g) and ultrasonic power 600 W, the other three parameters were further optimized by means of response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM results revealed that the optimal conditions consisted of 95% ethanol, 60 °C and 70 min. The average experimental SAB yield under the optimum conditions was found to be 5.80 mg/g, which was consistent with the predicted value of 5.83 mg/g. Subsequently, a silica gel chromatographic process was used to prepare the SAB-enriched extract with petroleum ether/acetone (95:5, v/v) as eluents. After final crystallization, 1.46 g of SAB with the purity of 99.4% and the overall recovery of 57.1% was obtained from 400 g seeds powder. This method provides an efficient and low-cost way for SAB purification for pharmaceutical industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhang
- School Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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15
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Optimization and economic evaluation of ultrasound extraction of lutein from Chlorella vulgaris. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Luque de Castro M, Delgado-Povedano M. Ultrasound: A subexploited tool for sample preparation in metabolomics. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 806:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Izadifar Z. Ultrasound pretreatment of wheat dried distiller's grain (DDG) for extraction of phenolic compounds. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:1359-69. [PMID: 23660514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Wheat Dried distiller's grain (DDG), a coproduct from the ethanol production process, is rich in potentially health-promoting phenolic compounds. In the extraction of phenolic compounds from DDG, the DDG cell wall is an important barrier for mass transfer from the inside to the outside of the cell. The effect of high-power ultrasound pretreatment on destruction of DDG cell walls and extraction yield and rate was investigated. Direct sonication by an ultrasound probe horn at 24 kHz was applied and factors such as ultrasound power and treatment time were investigated. The method of nitrogen (N2) adsorption at 77K was used as a means to determine and compare the changes in physical properties (specific surface area, pore volume and pore size) of the treated samples at different levels of ultrasound power and treatment time. Increasing specific surface area, pore volume and pore size caused by ultrasonic treatment implied development of new or larger pores and damaged cell walls. Also, it was observed that the ultrasound pretreatment of DDG particles increased the extraction yield and rate of phenolic compounds from DDG by 14.29%. Among tested ultrasound conditions, 100% ultrasound power for 30s was evaluated as the best pretreatment condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Izadifar
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5A9.
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18
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Li H, Li Y, Li G, Tan X, Chen G, Zhang Y. Ultrasonically Assisted Simultaneous Extraction of Isoorientin, Orientin, and Vitexin from Leaves ofNeosinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Keng f.(N. affinis). SEP SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.779280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Analytical sonochemistry; developments, applications, and hyphenations of ultrasound in sample preparation and analytical techniques. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-011-0160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractUltrasonic assistance is one of the great successes of modern analytical chemistry, which uses this energy for a variety of purposes in relation to sample preparation and development of methods for the analysis of numerous contaminants including organic and inorganic compounds. This review will attempt to provide an overview of more recent applications of ultrasound in different environmental and biological samples such as food, soil and water as well as a brief description of the theoretical understanding of this method. Also, the possibility of coupling ultrasound with other analytical techniques will be discussed.
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20
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Guo YX, Han J, Zhang DY, Wang LH, Zhou LL. An ammonium sulfate/ethanol aqueous two-phase system combined with ultrasonication for the separation and purification of lithospermic acid B from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2012; 19:719-724. [PMID: 22265019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of ultrasonication extraction technology combined with ammonium sulfate/ethanol aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) for the separation of lithospermic acid B (LAB) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. According to the literature and preliminary studies, ammonium sulfate concentration, ethanol concentration, pH, ultrasonication power, ultrasonication time and the ratio of solvent-to-solid were investigated using a single factor design to identify the factors affecting separation. Taking into consideration a simultaneous increase in LAB recovery (R (%)) and partition coefficient (K), the best performance of the ATPS was obtained at 25°C and pH 2 using ammonium sulfate 22% (w/w) and ethanol 30% (w/w). To keep the solvent-to-solid ratio at 10, response surface methodology was used to find the optimal ultrasonication power and ultrasonication time. Quadratic models were predicted for LAB yield in the upper phase. Optimal conditions of 572.1 W ultrasonication power and 42.2 min produced a maximum yield of LAB of 42.16 mg g(-1) sample. There was no obvious degradation of LAB with ultrasound under the applied conditions, and the experimental yield of LAB was 42.49 mg g(-1) sample and the purity was 55.28% (w/w), which was much higher than that obtained using conventional extraction. The present study demonstrated that ultrasound coupled with aqueous two-phase systems is very efficient tool for the extraction and purification of LAB from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 116016, PR China.
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