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Zhang K, Zheng J, Xu Y, Liao Z, Huang Y, Lu L. Enhanced fabrication of size-controllable chitosan-genipin nanoparticles using orifice-induced hydrodynamic cavitation: Process optimization and performance evaluation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 106:106899. [PMID: 38733852 PMCID: PMC11103574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) possess great potential in biomedical fields. Orifice-induced hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been used for the enhancement of fabrication of size-controllable genipin-crosslinked chitosan (chitosan-genipin) NPs based on the emulsion cross-linking (ECLK). Experiments have been performed using various plate geometries, chitosan molecular weight and under different operational parameters such as inlet pressure (1-3.5 bar), outlet pressure (0-1.5 bar) and cross-linking temperature (40-70 °C). Orifice plate geometry was a crucial factor affecting the properties of NPs, and the optimized geometry of orifice plate was with single hole of 3.0 mm diameter. The size of NPs with polydispersity index of 0.359 was 312.6 nm at an optimized inlet pressure of 3.0 bar, and the maximum production yield reached 84.82 %. Chitosan with too high or too low initial molecular weight (e.g., chitosan oligosaccharide) was not applicable for producing ultra-fine and narrow-distributed NPs. There existed a non-linear monotonically-increasing relationship between cavitation number (Cv) and chitosan NP size. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test indicated that the prepared NPs were discrete with spherical shape. The study demonstrated the superiority of HC in reducing particle size and size distribution of NPs, and the energy efficiency of orifice type HC-processed ECLK was two orders of magnitude than that of ultrasonic horn or high shear homogenization-processed ECLK. In vitro drug-release studies showed that the fabricated NPs had great potential as a drug delivery system. The observations of this study can offer strong support for HC to enhance the fabrication of size-controllable chitosan-genipin NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Zhang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Liuzhou Luosifen Research Center of Engineering Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Jianbin Zheng
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Zicheng Liao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Yongchun Huang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Liuzhou Luosifen Research Center of Engineering Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Lijin Lu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, Liuzhou 545006, China; Guangxi Liuzhou Luosifen Research Center of Engineering Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
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Huang S, Ashraf U, Duan M, Ren Y, Xing P, Yan Z, Tang X. Ultrasonic seed treatment improved seed germination, growth, and yield of rice by modulating associated physio-biochemical mechanisms. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 104:106821. [PMID: 38387222 PMCID: PMC10901143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasonic seed (US) treatment could alter seed germination mechanism, however, US induced alterations in morph-physiological attributes and yield of fragrant rice were rarely reported. In the present study, the seeds of three fragrant rice cultivars viz., Xiangyaxiangzhan, Meixiangzhan 2, Ruanhuayou 6100 and one non-fragrant rice viz., Wufengyou 615 were exposed to ultrasonic waves at 20-40 kHz for 1.5 min (T) whereas the seeds without exposure were taken as control (CK). Results showed that US treatment caused minor cracks on seed surface while improved seed germination rate (1.79 %-11.09 %) and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) (3.36 %-46.91 %). Furthermore, peroxidase (POD) activity and methionine sulfoxide reductase activity was increased by 29.15 %-74.13 % and 11.26 %-20.87 %, respectively; however, methionine sulfoxide reductase related protein repairing gene MSRA4 was down-regulated by 17.93 % -41.04 % under T, compared to CK. Besides, US treatment also improved soluble protein in flag leaf (0.92 %-40.79 %), photosynthesis (3.37 %-16.46 %), biomass (5.17 %-31.87 %), as well as 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content (4.77 %-15.48 %) in rice grains. In addition, multivariate analysis showed that the dry weight at the maturity stage were significantly related to the POD, glutathione reductase (GR) activity, IAA, and abscisic acid (ABA) content while germination rate was positively related to the GR activity, ABA content, and yield, but which were negatively related to the IAA and gibberellic acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Meiyang Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin Normal University, 537000, China
| | - Pipeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuosheng Yan
- Guangzhou Golden Rice Agricultural Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510900, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Xia C, Yuan Y, Mathimani T, Rene ER, Brindhadevi K, Hoang Le Q, Pugazhendhi A. Process intensification approaches in wastewater and sludge treatment for the removal of pollutants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118837. [PMID: 37634401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Process Intensification (PI) is the modification or integration of conventional or novel processes within a single unit operation in order to improve product quality and reduce waste. PI offers numerous advantages, including a reduction in the initial and operational costs, an improvement in product quality/quantity, the generation of less waste, and an increase in process safety. The synergistic effect of PI in comparison to the conventional procedure ensures maximizing resource efficiency. PI can be accomplished in two ways: either by integrating various processes or by modifying the design of equipment to improve operational efficiency. In this regard, the present review provides a comprehensive insight into the application of PI in wastewater and sludge treatment methods and discusses the operational advantages. This review provides a comprehensive list of different PI approaches applied in wastewater and sludge treatment to remove pollutants and the various equipment, techniques and reactors used in PI. The second section addresses the challenges of PI in wastewater treatment that removes dyes, pesticides, organic and inorganic pollutants, micro- and nano-plastics, persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceutical and personal care pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, PR China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, PR China
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, Delft, 2601DA, the Netherlands
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140103, India
| | - Quynh Hoang Le
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
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Li L, Niu Y, Wei G, Manickam S, Sun X, Zhu Z. Investigation of cavitation noise using Eulerian-Lagrangian multiscale modeling. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 97:106446. [PMID: 37224639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have employed the large eddy simulation (LES) approach to investigate the cavitation noise characteristics of an unsteady cavitating flow around a NACA66 (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) hydrofoil by employing an Eulerian-Lagrangian based multiscale cavitation model. A volume of fluid (VOF) method simulates the large cavity, whereas a Lagrangian discrete bubble model (DBM) tracks the small bubbles. Meanwhile, noise is determined using the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equation (FW-H). Eulerian-Lagrangian analysis has shown that, in comparison to VOF, it is more effective in revealing microscopic characteristics of unsteady cavitating flows, including microscale bubbles, that are unresolvable around the cloud cavity, and their impact on the flow field. It is also evident that its evolution of cavitation features on the hydrofoil is more consistent with the experimental observations. The frequency of the maximum sound pressure level corresponds to the frequency of the main cavity shedding for the noise characteristics. Using the Eulerian-Lagrangian method to predict the noise signal, results show that the cavitation noise, generated by discrete bubbles due to their collapse, is mainly composed of high-frequency signals. In addition, the frequency of cavitation noise induced by discrete microbubbles is around 10 kHz. A typical characteristic of cavitation noise, including two intense pulses during the collapsing of the cloud cavity, is described, as well as the mechanisms that underlie these phenomena. The findings of this work provide for a fundamental understanding of cavitation and serve as a valuable reference for the design and intensification of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yabiao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Guolai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Zuchao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Bucciol F, Gaudino EC, Villa A, Valsania MC, Cravotto G, Manzoli M. Microwave‐Assisted Reductive Amination of Aldehydes and Ketones Over Rhodium‐Based Heterogeneous Catalysts. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300017. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Xuan X, Wang M, You W, Manickam S, Tao Y, Yoon JY, Sun X. Hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted preparation of porous carbon from garlic peels for supercapacitors. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 94:106333. [PMID: 36821934 PMCID: PMC9975689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), which can effectively induce sonochemical effects, is widely considered a promising process intensification technology. In the present study, HC was successfully utilized to intensify the alkali activation of GPs for SCs, for the first time. Five BDCMs were synthesized following the method reported in the literature. For comparison, four more BDCMs with HC-treated, among which a sample was further doped with nitrogen during the HC treatment, were prepared. Then all the samples were compared from microscopical characteristics to electrochemical performance as SCs materials. The morphology study demonstrated that the HC treatment had created many defects and amorphous carbon structures on the GP-based BDCMs, with the highest SSA reaching 3272 m2/g (1:6-HCGP), which 32 folded that of the Raw carbon sample's. The HC treatment also intensified the N-doping process. XRD and XPS results manifested that the N content had been increased and consequently changed the electronic structure of the carbon atoms, leading to the increase of specific capacitance (1:6-HCGP+N-based SC, 227 F/g at 10 A/g). The cycle performance proved that the GP-based BDCMs have long-term stability, indicating that the HC-treated BDCMs were good choices for energy storage technologies. Compared with the ultrasound-assisted method, which may have a high energy density, the HC-assisted method enables high production and energy efficiency. This work is a first time attempt towards the industrial application of HC method in energy-related materials synthesis and encourages more in-depth studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Xuan
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Weibin You
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Joon Yong Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
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7
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Pedrotti MF, Santos D, Cauduro VH, Bizzi CA, Flores EMM. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106124. [PMID: 35988293 PMCID: PMC9418553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a continuous flow extraction system assisted by ultrasound (US) was developed for the extraction of Cr(III) from residual tanned leather shavings. US energy was delivered into the system by a tubular applicator (clamp-on tube US applicator). The effect of the US energy was investigated at 20 kHz of frequency and electrical input power of 75, 150, 300 and 600 W. Residence time and temperature profile were also evaluated. It was observed that the internal temperature profile was affected by the presence of US and inverted in comparison with the conditions without US. In this way, the temperature profile generated by the US was reproduced by using electrical resistances in order to compare the obtained results. The US intensity was measured using a hydrophone connected to a sound pressure meter. The use of the US did not alter the dynamic behavior of the system but increased the extraction efficiency when compared to the silent condition. US power above 75 W did not lead to increased extraction efficiency, when the residence time was 30 min. However, when 60 min of residence time were employed, the optimized US power was 150 W, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 71.7 ± 0.7 %, about 28 % higher when compared to the silent condition in the same temperature and other conditions. The US energy allowed a reduction in processing time and operational temperature when compared to the silent condition with the same temperature profile. The overall energy consumption with US was similar or lower than that observed without US, showing the feasibility of the proposed extraction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus F Pedrotti
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Feliz, Brazil; Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Daniel Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vitoria H Cauduro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cezar A Bizzi
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
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Wang B, Liu Y, Zhang H, Shi W, Xiong M, Gao C, Cui M. Hydrodynamic cavitation and its application in water treatment combined with ozonation: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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9
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Ge M, Sun C, Zhang G, Coutier-Delgosha O, Fan D. Combined suppression effects on hydrodynamic cavitation performance in Venturi-type reactor for process intensification. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 86:106035. [PMID: 35580542 PMCID: PMC9117695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is an emerging intensification technology in water treatment or chemical processing, and Venturi-type cavitation reactors exhibit advantages for industrial-scale production. The effects of temperature on hydrodynamic cavitating flows are investigated to find the optimum reaction conditions enhancing cavitating treatment intensity. Results show that the cavitation performance, including the cavitation intensity and cavitation unsteady behavior, is influenced by (1) cavitation number σ (the pressure difference affecting the vaporization process), (2) Reynolds number Re (the inertial/viscous ratio affecting the bubble size and liquid-vapor interface area), and (3) thermodynamic parameter Σ (the thermal effect affecting the temperature drop). With increasing temperature, the cavitation length first increases and then decreases, with a cavitation intensity peak at the transition temperature of 58 °C. With the growth of cavitation extent, the cavity-shedding regimes tend to transition from the attached sheet cavity to the periodic cloud cavity, and the vapor volume fluctuating frequency decreases accordingly. A combined suppression parameter (CSP) is provided to predict that, with increasing CSP value, the cavitation intensity can be decreased. Recommendations are given that working under the low-CSP range (55-60 °C) could enhance the intensification of the cavitation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ge
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Engineering, Westlake University, Xihu District, 310024 Hangzhou, China; Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Chuanyu Sun
- Section of "Chemistry for the Technology" ChemTech, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Olivier Coutier-Delgosha
- Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Dixia Fan
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Xihu District, 310024 Hangzhou, China.
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Sun X, You W, Wu Y, Tao Y, Yoon JY, Zhang X, Xuan X. Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Novel Non-Thermal Liquid Food Processing Technology. Front Nutr 2022; 9:843808. [PMID: 35308268 PMCID: PMC8931495 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.843808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), as a novel non-thermal processing technology, has recently shown unique effects on the properties of various liquid foods. The extreme conditions of pressure at ~500 bar, local hotspots with ~5,000 K, and oxidation created by HC can help obtain characteristic products with high quality and special taste. Moreover, compared with other emerging non-thermal approaches, the feature of the HC phenomenon and its generation mechanism helps determine that HC is more suitable for industrial-scale processing. This mini-review summarizes the current knowledge of the recent advances in HC-based liquid food processing. The principle of HC is briefly introduced. The effectiveness of HC on the various physical (e.g., particle size, viscosity, temperature, and stability), chemical (nutrition loss), and biological characteristics (microorganism inactivation) of various liquid foods are evaluated. Finally, several recommendations for future research on the HC technique are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weibin You
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Joon Yong Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions From Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xuan
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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11
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Sun X, Liu S, Zhang X, Tao Y, Boczkaj G, Yoon JY, Xuan X. Recent advances in hydrodynamic cavitation-based pretreatments of lignocellulosic biomass for valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126251. [PMID: 34728352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC)-based pretreatment has shown high effectiveness in laboratories and even in industrial productions for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) into value-added products. The pretreatment capability derives from the extraordinary conditions of pressures at ∼500 bar, local hotspots with ∼5000 K, and oxidation (hydroxyl radicals) created by HC at room conditions. To promote this emerging technology, the present review summarizes the recent advances in the HC-based pretreatment of LCB. The principle of HC including the sonochemical effect and hydrodynamic cavitation reactor is introduced. The effectiveness of HC on the delignification of LCB as well as subsequent fermentation, paper production, and other applications is evaluated. Several key operational factors (i.e., reaction environment, duration, and feedstock characteristics) in HC pretreatments are discussed. The enhancement mechanism of HC including physical and chemical effects is analyzed. Finally, the perspectives on future research on the HC-based pretreatment technology are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Joon Yong Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoxu Xuan
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
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Bimestre TA, Júnior JAM, Canettieri EV, Tuna CE. Hydrodynamic cavitation for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment: a review of recent developments and future perspectives. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:7. [PMID: 38647820 PMCID: PMC10991952 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrodynamic cavitation comes out as a promising route to lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment releasing huge amounts of energy and inducing physical and chemical transformations, which favor lignin-carbohydrate matrix disruption. The hydrodynamic cavitation process combined with other pretreatment processes has shown an attractive alternative with high pretreatment efficiency, low energy consumption, and easy setup for large-scale applications compared to conventional pretreatment methods. This present review includes an overview of this promising technology and a detailed discussion on the process of parameters that affect the phenomena and future perspectives of development of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Averaldo Bimestre
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil.
| | - José Antonio Mantovani Júnior
- Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies, National Institute for Space Research CPTEC/INPE, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, 12630-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Canettieri
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
| | - Celso Eduardo Tuna
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
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13
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Yi L, Qin J, Sun H, Ruan Y, Zhao L, Xiong Y, Wang J, Fang D. Improved hydrodynamic cavitation device with expanded orifice plate for effective chlorotetracycline degradation: Optimization of device and operation parameters. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Ibrahium SM, Farghali AA, Mahmoud R, Wahba AA, El-Ashram S, Mahran HA, Aboelhadid SM. New insight on some selected nanoparticles as an effective adsorbent toward diminishing the health risk of deltamethrin contaminated water. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258749. [PMID: 34735469 PMCID: PMC8568195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deltamethrin is a widely used insecticide that kills a wide variety of insects and ticks. Deltamethrin resistance develops as a result of intensive, repeated use, as well as increased environmental contamination and a negative impact on public health. Its negative impact on aquatic ecology and human health necessitated the development of a new technique for environmental remediation and wastewater treatment, such as the use of nanotechnology. The co-precipitation method was used to create Zn-Fe/LDH, Zn-AL-GA/LDH, and Fe-oxide nanoparticles (NPs), which were then characterized using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, and HR-TEM. The kinetic study of adsorption test revealed that these NPs were effective at removing deltamethrin from wastewater. The larval packet test, which involved applying freshly adsorbed deltamethrin nanocomposites (48 hours after adsorption), and the comet assay test were used to confirm that deltamethrin had lost its acaricidal efficacy. The kinetics of the deltamethrin adsorption process was investigated using several kinetic models at pH 7, initial concentration of deltamethrin 40 ppm and temperature 25°C. Within the first 60 min, the results indicated efficient adsorption performance in deltamethrin removal, the maximum adsorption capacity was 27.56 mg/L, 17.60 mg/L, and 3.06 mg/L with the Zn-Al LDH/GA, Zn-Fe LDH, and Fe Oxide, respectively. On tick larvae, the results of the freshly adsorbed DNC bioassay revealed larval mortality. This suggests that deltamethrin's acaricidal activity is still active. However, applying DNCs to tick larvae 48 hours after adsorption had no lethal effect, indicating that deltamethrin had lost its acaricidal activity. The latter result corroborated the results of the adsorption test's kinetic study. Furthermore, the comet assay revealed that commercial deltamethrin caused 28.51% DNA damage in tick cells, which was significantly higher than any DNC. In conclusion, the NPs used play an important role in deltamethrin decontamination in water, resulting in reduced public health risk. As a result, these NPs could be used as a method of environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed A. Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef, University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rehab Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Wahba
- Parasitology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hesham A. Mahran
- Health Informatics Department, College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Hygiene, Zoonoses and Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Shawky M. Aboelhadid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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15
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Martínez RF, Cravotto G, Cintas P. Organic Sonochemistry: A Chemist's Timely Perspective on Mechanisms and Reactivity. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13833-13856. [PMID: 34156841 PMCID: PMC8562878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sonochemistry, the use of sound waves, usually within the ultrasonic range (>20 kHz), to boost or alter chemical properties and reactivity constitutes a long-standing and sustainable technique that has, however, received less attention than other activation protocols despite affordable setups. Even if unnecessary to underline the impact of ultrasound-based strategies in a broad range of chemical and biological applications, there is considerable misunderstanding and pitfalls regarding the interpretation of cavitational effects and the actual role played by the acoustic field. In this Perspective, with an eye on mechanisms in particular, we discuss the potentiality of sonochemistry in synthetic organic chemistry through selected examples of past and recent developments. Such examples illustrate specific controlling effects and working rules. Looking back at the past while looking forward to advancing the field, some essentials of sonochemical activation will be distilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Fernando Martínez
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and IACYS-Green
Chemistry and Sustainable Development Unit, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Universita
degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 9, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and IACYS-Green
Chemistry and Sustainable Development Unit, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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16
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Innocenzi V, Prisciandaro M. Technical feasibility of biodiesel production from virgin oil and waste cooking oil: Comparison between traditional and innovative process based on hydrodynamic cavitation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 122:15-25. [PMID: 33476958 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel production calls for innovative solutions to turn into a competitive process with a reduced environmental impact. One of the process bottlenecks stands in the immiscibility of oil and alcohol as raw materials, so mixing process largely impacts the overall process cost. This process step, if carried out by using hydrodynamic cavitation, has the possibility to become a benchmark for large scale applications. In this paper a process analysis of biodiesel production scheme is developed starting from two different feedstocks, virgin oil and waste cooking oil. At the first the traditional process scheme has been simulated, in a second simulation, the reactor for the biodiesel production is interchanged with a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. In the paper, the comparison between the traditional and innovative process by using life cycle costing approach has been presented, thus providing indications for industrial technological implementation coming from a professional tool for process analysis. It is worth noting that the introduction of hydrodynamic cavitation reduces of about 40% the energy consumption with respect to the traditional process. As regards the total treatment costs, when using virgin oil as feedstock, they were in the range 820-830 €/t (innovative and traditional process, respectively); while starting from waste cooking oil the costs decreased of about 60%, down to 290-300 €/t (innovative and traditional process, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Innocenzi
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and of Econmics - University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri, Monteluco di Roio 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Marina Prisciandaro
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and of Econmics - University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Ernesto Pontieri, Monteluco di Roio 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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17
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Satari B, Jaiswal AK. Green fractionation of 2G and 3G feedstocks for ethanol production: advances, incentives and barriers. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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He Y, Cheng H, Pan Z, Cheng F. Ultrasonic process intensification during the preparation of dimethyl carbonate based on the alcoholysis of ethylene carbonate and the kinetic behavior of dimethyl carbonate. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound can accelerate the reaction rate of alcoholysis of ethylene carbonate and improve the reaction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue He
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Research Center of CO2 Emission Reduction and Resource Utilization-Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huaigang Cheng
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Research Center of CO2 Emission Reduction and Resource Utilization-Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zihe Pan
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Research Center of CO2 Emission Reduction and Resource Utilization-Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangqin Cheng
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Research Center of CO2 Emission Reduction and Resource Utilization-Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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19
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Abramov VO, Abramova AV, Cravotto G, Nikonov RV, Fedulov IS, Ivanov VK. Flow-mode water treatment under simultaneous hydrodynamic cavitation and plasma. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 70:105323. [PMID: 32911356 PMCID: PMC7786523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the scientific community and industry have made huge efforts to develop environmental protection technologies. In particular, the scarcity of drinking water has prompted the investigation of several physico-chemical treatments, and synergistic effects have been observed in hyphenated techniques. Herein, we report the first example of water treatment under simultaneous hydrodynamic cavitation and plasma discharge with the intense generation of radicals, UV light, shock waves and charged particles. This highly reactive environment is well suited to the bulk treatment of polluted water (i.e. E. coli disinfection and organic pollutant degradation). We have developed a new prototype and have efficiently applied this hybrid technology to water disinfection and the complete degradation of methanol in water with the aim of demonstrating its scalability. We have analyzed the mechanisms of water disinfection under the abovementioned conditions and verified them by measuring cavitation noise spectra and plasma emission spectra. We have also used the degradation of textile dyes and methanol solutions as an indicator for the formation of radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir O Abramov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Abramova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya ul, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Roman V Nikonov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor S Fedulov
- Moscow Polytechnic University, Bolshaya Semyonovskaya ul., 38, 107023 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir K Ivanov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospekt 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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20
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Dubé MA, Gabriel VA, Pakdel AS, Zhang Y. Sustainable polymer reaction engineering: Are we there yet? CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Dubé
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Vida A. Gabriel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Amir S. Pakdel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
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21
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Sun X, Liu J, Ji L, Wang G, Zhao S, Yoon JY, Chen S. A review on hydrodynamic cavitation disinfection: The current state of knowledge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:139606. [PMID: 32783818 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection, which aims to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, is an essential step of water treatment. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has emerged as a promising technology for large-scale disinfection without introducing new chemicals. HC, which can effectively induce sonochemistry by mechanical means, creates extraordinary conditions of pressures of ~1000 bar, local hotspots with ~5000 K, and high oxidation (hydroxyl radicals) in room environment. These conditions can produce highly destructive effects on microorganisms in water. In addition, the enhancements of chemical reactions and mass transfers by HC produce the synergism between HC and disinfectants or other physical treatment methods. HC is generated by hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (HCRs), therefore, their performance basically determines the effectiveness, economical efficiency, and applicability of HC disinfection. Therefore, developing high-performance HCRs and revealing the corresponding disinfection mechanisms are the most crucial issues today. In this review, we summarize the fundamental principles of HC and HCRs and recent development in HC disinfection. The energy release from cavitation phenomenon and corresponding mechanisms are elaborated. The performance (effectiveness, treatment ratio, and cost) of various HCRs, effects of treatment conditions on performance, and applicability of HC disinfection are evaluated and discussed. Finally, recommendations are provided for the future progress based on the analysis of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingting Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Ji
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guichao Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University,72 Jimobinhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Joon Yong Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Songying Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250061, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Sun X, Chen S, Liu J, Zhao S, Yoon JY. Hydrodynamic Cavitation: A Promising Technology for Industrial-Scale Synthesis of Nanomaterials. Front Chem 2020; 8:259. [PMID: 32351937 PMCID: PMC7174716 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging issues for the large-scale application of nanomaterials, especially nanocarbons, is the lack of industrial synthetic methods. Sonochemistry, which creates an extreme condition of high pressure and temperature, has been thereby applied for synthesizing a wide variety of unusual nanostructured materials. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), characterized by high effectiveness, good scalability, and synergistic effect with other physical and chemical methods, has emerged as the promising sonochemistry technology for industrial-scale applications. Recently, it was reported that HC can not only significantly enhance the performance of biochar, but also preserve or improve the respective chemical composition. Moreover, the economic efficiency was found to be at least one order of magnitude higher than that of conventional methods. Due to the great potential of HC in the industrial-scale synthesis of nanomaterials, the present perspective focuses on the mechanism of sonochemistry, advances in HC applications, and development of hydrodynamic cavitation reactors, which is supposed to contribute to the fundamental understanding of this novel technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Songying Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingting Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education at Shandong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Joon Yong Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
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23
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Real-Scale Integral Valorization of Waste Orange Peel via Hydrodynamic Cavitation. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste orange peel represents a heavy burden for the orange juice industry, estimated in several million tons per year worldwide; nevertheless, this by-product is endowed with valuable bioactive compounds, such as pectin, polyphenols, and terpenes. The potential value of the waste orange peel has stimulated the search for extraction processes, alternative or complementary to landfilling or to the integral energy conversion. This study introduces controlled hydrodynamic cavitation as a new route to the integral valorization of this by-product, based on simple equipment, speed, effectiveness and efficiency, scalability, and compliance with green extraction principles. Waste orange peel, in batches of several kg, was processed in more than 100 L of water, without any other raw materials, in a device comprising a Venturi-shaped cavitation reactor. The extractions of pectin (with a remarkably low degree of esterification), polyphenols (flavanones and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives), and terpenes (mainly d-limonene) were effective and efficient (high yields within a few min of process time). The biomethane generation potential of the process residues was determined. The achieved results proved the viability of the proposed route to the integral valorization of waste orange peel, though wide margins exist for further improvements.
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Martina K, Calsolaro F, Zuliani A, Berlier G, Chávez-Rivas F, Moran MJ, Luque R, Cravotto G. Sonochemically-Promoted Preparation of Silica-Anchored Cyclodextrin Derivatives for Efficient Copper Catalysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24132490. [PMID: 31284697 PMCID: PMC6650815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Silica-supported metallic species have emerged as valuable green-chemistry catalysts because their high efficiency enables a wide range of applications, even at industrial scales. As a consequence, the preparation of these systems needs to be finely controlled in order to achieve the desired activity. The present work presents a detailed investigation of an ultrasound-promoted synthetic protocol for the grafting of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto silica. Truly, ultrasound irradiation has emerged as a fast technique for promoting efficient derivatization of a silica surface with organic moieties at low temperature. Three different β-CD silica-grafted derivatives have been obtained, and the ability of β-CD to direct and bind Cu when CD is bonded to silica has been studied. A detailed characterization has been performed using TGA, phenolphthalein titration, FT-IR, diffuse reflectance (DR), DR UV-Vis, as well as the inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) of the β-CD silica-grafted systems and the relative Cu-supported catalysts. Spectroscopic characterization monitored the different steps of the reaction, highlighting qualitative differences in the properties of amino-derivatized precursors and final products. In order to ensure that the Cu-β-CD silica catalyst is efficient and robust, its applicability in Cu(II)-catalyzed alkyne azide reactions in the absence of a reducing agent has been explored. The presence of β-CD and an amino spacer has been shown to be crucial for the reactivity of Cu(II), when supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Martina
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Calsolaro
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Zuliani
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie-Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Fernando Chávez-Rivas
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESFM, Departamento de Física, UPALM, Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Maria Jesus Moran
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie-Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396 Cordoba, Spain
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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