1
|
Yoon HC. Herbal medicine use in Republic of Korea to alleviate side effects of COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023:S2095-4964(23)00044-4. [PMID: 37349213 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, and several virus variants have emerged. Vaccines are administered to help prevent the infection. In Republic of Korea, most people take herbal medicine. This study investigated the use of herbal medicine to counter the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. Chi-square tests were used to determine differences in the use of herbal medication according to sociodemographic characteristics. Independent two-sample and paired t-tests were performed to examine the effect and satisfaction of herbal medicine use for countering the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine vaccine-related differences. RESULTS A total of 233 and 181 participants received the first and second doses of COVID-19 vaccines, respectively. The majority of herbal medicine users were in their thirties, had a bachelor's degree, suffered from side effects of vaccination, and received Vaxzevria for their first COVID-19 vaccine dose and Comirnaty for their second dose. The herbal medicine group had a higher satisfaction level of post-vaccination side effects than the non-herbal medicine group (P < 0.0001). The numeric rating scale scores for vaccination side effects were lower among participants who took herbal medication to alleviate those symptoms (P < 0.0001). The most commonly used herbal formula was Shuanghetang. CONCLUSION A third of participants receiving COVID-19 vaccines used herbal medication to counter the side effects of vaccination. The use of herbal medicine was associated with age, education level, vaccine brand, and whether side effects of vaccination occurred. Herbal medication use was associated with greater satisfaction compared to vaccine recipients not using herbal medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Chang Yoon
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Japanese Kampo Medicine Juzentaihoto Improves Antiviral Cellular Immunity in Tumour-Bearing Hosts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6122955. [PMID: 35996405 PMCID: PMC9392631 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6122955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Global and antigen-independent immunosuppression by growing tumours can cause life-threating damage when concurrent with an infection in tumour-bearing hosts. In the present study, we investigated whether the oral administration of the Japanese traditional herbal (Kampo) medicine, juzentaihoto (JTT), plays a role in the improvement of antiviral cellular immunity in tumour-bearing hosts. Female BALB/c mice subcutaneously injected with murine colorectal cancer CT26 cells fed a control or JTT diet were inoculated with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoprotein 160 (vSC25). At 7 days postinfection, anti-vSC25 cellular immunity was evaluated by measuring the abundance of splenic virus-specific CD8+ T cells. JTT had no impact on CT26 tumour growth in vivo. Surprisingly, JTT augmented anti-vSC25 cellular immunity in CT26-bearing mice. Depletion of either CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) also enhanced anti-vSC25 cellular immunity in tumour-bearing mice but had no therapeutic benefit against tumour growth. However, JTT had no impact on the abundance of these immunosuppressive cells. Overall, our data indicates that JTT contributes to the improvement of anti-vSC25 cellular immunity in tumour-bearing hosts possibly via a mechanism independent of CD25+ Treg cells and MDSCs, suggesting that this Kampo medicine can act as a promising antiviral adjuvant in an immunosuppressive state caused by tumours.
Collapse
|
3
|
Probiotic-Based Vaccines May Provide Effective Protection against COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Disease. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050466. [PMID: 34066443 PMCID: PMC8148110 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the causative agent of COVID-19, now represents the sixth Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)—as declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 2009. Considering that SARS-CoV-2 is mainly transmitted via the mucosal route, a therapy administered by this same route may represent a desirable approach to fight SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is now widely accepted that genetically modified microorganisms, including probiotics, represent attractive vehicles for oral or nasal mucosal delivery of therapeutic molecules. Previous studies have shown that the mucosal administration of therapeutic molecules is able to induce an immune response mediated by specific serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies along with mucosal cell-mediated immune responses, which effectively concur to neutralize and eradicate infections. Therefore, advances in the modulation of mucosal immune responses, and in particular the use of probiotics as live delivery vectors, may encourage prospective studies to assess the effectiveness of genetically modified probiotics for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Emerging trends in the ever-progressing field of vaccine development re-emphasize the contribution of adjuvants, along with optimization of codon usage (when designing a synthetic gene), expression level, and inoculation dose to elicit specific and potent protective immune responses. In this review, we will highlight the existing pre-clinical and clinical information on the use of genetically modified microorganisms in control strategies against respiratory and non-respiratory viruses. In addition, we will discuss some controversial aspects of the use of genetically modified probiotics in modulating the cross-talk between mucosal delivery of therapeutics and immune system modulation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Taghinezhad-S S, Keyvani H, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Donders GGG, Fu X, Mohseni AH. Twenty years of research on HPV vaccines based on genetically modified lactic acid bacteria: an overview on the gut-vagina axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1191-1206. [PMID: 32979054 PMCID: PMC7519697 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Most cervical cancer (CxCa) are related to persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in the cervical mucosa, suggesting that an induction of mucosal cell-mediated immunity against HR-HPV oncoproteins can be a promising strategy to fight HPV-associated CxCa. From this perspective, many pre-clinical and clinical trials have proved the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) genetically modified to deliver recombinant antigens to induce mucosal, humoral and cellular immunity in the host. Altogether, the outcomes of these studies suggest that there are several key factors to consider that may offer guidance on improvement protein yield and improving immune response. Overall, these findings showed that oral LAB-based mucosal HPV vaccines expressing inducible surface-anchored antigens display a higher potential to induce particularly specific systemic and mucosal cytotoxic cellular immune responses. In this review, we describe all LAB-based HPV vaccine investigations by reviewing databases from international studies between 2000 and 2020. Our aim is to promote the therapeutic HPV vaccines knowledge and to complete the gaps in this field to empower scientists worldwide to make proper decisions regarding the best strategies for the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Taghinezhad-S
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | | | - Gilbert G G Donders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Femicare Clinical Research for Women, Tienen, Belgium
| | - Xiangsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Amir Hossein Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park YC, Ouh YT, Sung MH, Park HG, Kim TJ, Cho CH, Park JS, Lee JK. A phase 1/2a, dose-escalation, safety and preliminary efficacy study of oral therapeutic vaccine in subjects with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3. J Gynecol Oncol 2020; 30:e88. [PMID: 31576684 PMCID: PMC6779607 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2019.30.e88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persistent infection of HPV increases the chance of carcinoma in situ of cervix through stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 2, and 3, and finally progresses into cervical cancer. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of BLS-M07 which is orally administered agent expressing human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7 antigen on the surface of Lactobacillus casei in patients with CIN 3. METHODS Patients with CIN 3 were recruited in our clinical trial. Reid Colposcopic Index (RCI) grading and serum HPV16 E7 specific antibody production were used to evaluate efficacy of BLS-M07. In phase 1, BLS-M07 was administered orally, 5 times a week, on weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 with dosages of 500 mg, 1,000 mg, and 1,500 mg. In phase 2a, patients were treated with 1,000 mg. The primary endpoints were the safety and the pathologic regression on colposcopic biopsy. RESULTS Nineteen patients were enrolled in the CIN 3 cohort. In phase 1, no patients experienced dose limiting toxicity. No grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events or deaths were observed. At 16 weeks after treatment, RCI grading was improved and serum HPV16 E7 specific antibody production increased (p<0.05). Six of 8 (75%) patients with CIN 3 were cured in phase 2a. CONCLUSIONS Oral immunization with BLS-M07 increases production of serum HPV16 E7 specific antibody which induces protective humoral immunity. The safety of this oral vaccine was proved and could be a competitive non-surgical therapeutic agent of CIN 3. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02195089.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yung Taek Ouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Hee Sung
- BioLeaders Corporation, Yongin, Korea.,Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Tae Jin Kim
- General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi Heum Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Sup Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jae Kwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Different types of adjuvants in prophylactic and therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines in laboratory animals: a systematic review. Arch Virol 2019; 165:263-284. [PMID: 31802228 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical carcinoma, which and is the third most common cancer, accounting for 275,000 deaths annually worldwide. Adjuvants have a key role in promotion of vaccine efficacy; therefore, using prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines combined with adjuvant could be of great benefit in prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. There are different types of adjuvants, including MF59TM adjuvants, RNA-based, JY (interleukin2/chitosan), cholera toxin (CT), heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), Freund's adjuvant, alum, SA-4-1BBL, λ-carrageenan (λ-CGN), heat shock proteins (HSPs), juzen-taiho-to (JTT) and hochu-ekki-to (HET), ISCOM and ISCOMATRIX™, very small size proteoliposomes (VSSPs), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Adjuvants have various functions, especially in therapeutic vaccines, and they lead to an increase in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), so they are important in the design of vaccines. Here, we review the currently used adjuvants and their combinations with HPV protein vaccines in order to introduce an appropriate adjuvant for HPV vaccines.
Collapse
|
7
|
Vilander AC, Dean GA. Adjuvant Strategies for Lactic Acid Bacterial Mucosal Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040150. [PMID: 31623188 PMCID: PMC6963626 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are Gram-positive, acid-tolerant bacteria that have long been used in food fermentation and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). LAB are a part of a normal microbiome and act as probiotics, improving the gastrointestinal microbiome and health when consumed. An increasing body of research has shown the importance of the microbiome on both mucosal immune heath and immune response to pathogens and oral vaccines. Currently, there are few approved mucosal vaccines, and most are attenuated viruses or bacteria, which necessitates cold chain, carries the risk of reversion to virulence, and can have limited efficacy in individuals with poor mucosal health. On account of these limitations, new types of mucosal vaccine vectors are necessary. There has been increasing interest and success in developing recombinant LAB as next generation mucosal vaccine vectors due to their natural acid and bile resistance, stability at room temperature, endogenous activation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and the development of molecular techniques that allow for manipulation of their genomes. To enhance the immunogenicity of these LAB vaccines, numerous adjuvant strategies have been successfully employed. Here, we review these adjuvant strategies and their mechanisms of action which include: Toll-like receptor ligands, secretion of bacterial toxins, secretion of cytokines, direct delivery to antigen presenting cells, and enterocyte targeting. The ability to increase the immune response to LAB vaccines gives them the potential to be powerful mucosal vaccine vectors against mucosal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Vilander
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Gregg A Dean
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Komatsu A, Igimi S, Kawana K. Optimization of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7-expressing lactobacillus-based vaccine for induction of mucosal E7-specific IFNγ-producing cells. Vaccine 2018; 36:3423-3426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
LeCureux JS, Dean GA. Lactobacillus Mucosal Vaccine Vectors: Immune Responses against Bacterial and Viral Antigens. mSphere 2018; 3:e00061-18. [PMID: 29769376 PMCID: PMC5956152 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00061-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been utilized since the 1990s for therapeutic heterologous gene expression. The ability of LAB to elicit an immune response against expressed foreign antigens has led to their exploration as potential mucosal vaccine candidates. LAB vaccine vectors offer many attractive advantages: simple, noninvasive administration (usually oral or intranasal), the acceptance and stability of genetic modifications, relatively low cost, and the highest level of safety possible. Experimentation using LAB of the genus Lactobacillus has become popular in recent years due to their ability to elicit strong systemic and mucosal immune responses. This article reviews Lactobacillus vaccine constructs, including Lactobacillus species, antigen expression, model organisms, and in vivo immune responses, with a primary focus on viral and bacterial antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S LeCureux
- Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Evangel University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregg A Dean
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Takaku S, Shimizu M, Takahashi H. Japanese Kampo medicine ninjin'yoeito synergistically enhances tumor vaccine effects mediated by CD8 + T cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3471-3478. [PMID: 28529575 PMCID: PMC5431575 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Japanese traditional herbal medicine (Kampo) has been widely applied to the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, their mechanisms of action have not yet been elucidated in detail, particularly regarding their role in tumor immunology. The present study investigated the antitumor effects of the Japanese Kampo medicine, ninjin'yoeito (NYT; Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang in Chinese), which was orally administered with or without an irradiated tumor cell vaccine to a subcutaneous CT26 colon carcinoma tumor model. The irradiated tumor cell vaccine in a prophylactic setting significantly delayed tumor growth in mice fed a control diet, whereas a diet containing NYT alone did not exert any antitumor effects in vivo. However, the inhibition of tumor growth was significantly greater in vaccinated mice fed the NYT diet compared with in vaccinated mice given the control diet. These results suggest that NYT synergistically enhances the effects of the antitumor vaccine. The depletion of cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ T cells abrogated these effects, indicating that antitumor activity required CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, reductions in CD4+ CD25+ and forkhead box protein 3+ T regulatory cell numbers were more apparent between vaccinated mice fed the NYT diet and non-vaccinated mice fed the control diet than between vaccinated mice and non-vaccinated mice fed the control diet, suggesting that the weaker impact of T regulatory cells contributes to the augmentation of antitumor immunity by CD8+ T cells in vaccinated mice fed with NYT. Overall, these results indicate that NYT synergistically enhances the effects of the prophylactic tumor vaccine mediated by CD8+ T cells and that this Japanese Kampo medicine has potential as a useful adjuvant agent for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Takaku
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Masumi Shimizu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Hidemi Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Woods N, Niwasabutra K, Acevedo R, Igoli J, Altwaijry N, Tusiimire J, Gray A, Watson D, Ferro V. Natural Vaccine Adjuvants and Immunopotentiators Derived From Plants, Fungi, Marine Organisms, and Insects. IMMUNOPOTENTIATORS IN MODERN VACCINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC7148613 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804019-5.00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunopotentiators derived from different natural sources are under investigation with varying success. This chapter gives an overview of developments from plants, fungi, marine organisms, and insects. Plant-derived immune stimulators consist of a diverse range of small molecules or large polysaccharides. Notable examples that have been assessed in both preclinical and clinical trials include saponins, tomatine, and inulin. Similarly, fungi produce a range of potential candidate molecules, with β-glucans showing the most promise. Other complex molecules that have established adjuvant activity include α-galactosylceramide (originally obtained from a marine sponge), chitosan (commonly produced from chitin from shrimps), and peptides (found in bee venom). Some organisms, for example, endophytic fungi and bees, produce immunostimulants using compounds obtained from plants. The main challenges facing this type of research and tools being developed to overcome them are examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Woods
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | | | | | - J. Igoli
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland,University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - A.I. Gray
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - D.G. Watson
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - V.A. Ferro
- University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kampo Medicines for Infectious Diseases. JAPANESE KAMPO MEDICINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF COMMON DISEASES: FOCUS ON INFLAMMATION 2017. [PMCID: PMC7150106 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809398-6.00014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous Kampo medicines and Oriental herbs have been used for the treatment of infectious diseases for several reasons, such as genetic background, economical reasons, fewer adverse effects, and so on. This chapter describes Kampo medicines and related Oriental herbs that are effective or promising in the treatment of infectious diseases at the clinical level and/or in animal models. In addition, effective Kampo medicines tested in vitro in cultured-cell studies are also included in this chapter. Each section is categorized by infectious disease and according to the popularity of the Kampo medicine.
Collapse
|
13
|
Personalized Kampo Medicine Facilitated Both Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Response and Clinical Benefits Induced by Personalized Peptide Vaccination for Advanced Esophageal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5929525. [PMID: 27703488 PMCID: PMC5040795 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5929525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively evaluated if personalized Kampo medicine (PKM) could facilitate CTL responses and clinical benefits induced by personalized peptide vaccination (PPV), in which HLA-matched vaccines were selected and administered based on the preexisting host immunity, for advanced esophageal cancer (aEC) patients. Among 34 aEC patients entered in the clinical study, 23 patients received PKM and PPV without (n = 12) or with chemotherapy (n = 11), while the remaining 11 patients did not receive PKM but received PPV without (n = 6) or with chemotherapy (n = 5), respectively. Incidence of adverse events was significantly lower or higher in PKM and PPV arm (n = 23) or PPV and chemotherapy arm (n = 16) as compared to that of the counter arm (n = 11 or 18), respectively. Postvaccination PBMCs from the patients undergoing PKM and PPV showed significantly higher CTL responses as compared to the counter arm. The median progression-free survival (PFS) or median survival time (MST) of 34 patients was 2.9 or 7.6 months, respectively. The combination therapy in PPV and PKM arm, but not that in PPV and chemotherapy arm, significantly (P = 0.02) prolonged MST. These results could warrant a next step of prospective clinical study of PKM and PPV for aEC patients.
Collapse
|
14
|
Joshi SS, Barnett B, Doerrer NG, Glenn K, Herman RA, Herouet-Guicheney C, Hunst P, Kough J, Ladics GS, McClain S, Papineni S, Poulsen LK, Rascle JB, Tao AL, van Ree R, Ward J, Bowman CC. Assessment of potential adjuvanticity of Cry proteins. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 79:149-155. [PMID: 27105772 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Genetically modified (GM) crops have achieved success in the marketplace and their benefits extend beyond the overall increase in harvest yields to include lowered use of insecticides and decreased carbon dioxide emissions. The most widely grown GM crops contain gene/s for targeted insect protection, herbicide tolerance, or both. Plant expression of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal (Cry) insecticidal proteins have been the primary way to impart insect resistance in GM crops. Although deemed safe by regulatory agencies globally, previous studies have been the basis for discussions around the potential immuno-adjuvant effects of Cry proteins. These studies had limitations in study design. The studies used animal models with extremely high doses of Cry proteins, which when given using the ig route were co-administered with an adjuvant. Although the presumption exists that Cry proteins may have immunostimulatory activity and therefore an adjuvanticity risk, the evidence shows that Cry proteins are expressed at very low levels in GM crops and are unlikely to function as adjuvants. This conclusion is based on critical review of the published literature on the effects of immunomodulation by Cry proteins, the history of safe use of Cry proteins in foods, safety of the Bt donor organisms, and pre-market weight-of-evidence-based safety assessments for GM crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh S Joshi
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
| | - Brian Barnett
- BASF Plant Science, 26 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Nancy G Doerrer
- ILSI Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, 1156 Fifteenth St., NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
| | - Kevin Glenn
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
| | - Rod A Herman
- Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.
| | | | - Penny Hunst
- Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - John Kough
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Ariel Rios Building, MC 7511P, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, USA.
| | - Gregory S Ladics
- DuPont Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, 1090 Elkton Road, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
| | - Scott McClain
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, 3054 E. Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Sabitha Papineni
- Dow AgroSciences, 9330 Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, Niels Andersens Vej 65, Dept. 22, 1st Floor, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Rascle
- Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, 355 Rue Dostoïevski, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
| | - Ai-Lin Tao
- Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang Road East, Guangzhou 510260, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room K0-130, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jason Ward
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
| | - Christal C Bowman
- Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
This chapter reviews papers mostly written since 2005 that report results using live attenuated bacterial vectors to deliver after administration through mucosal surfaces, protective antigens, and DNA vaccines, encoding protective antigens to induce immune responses and/or protective immunity to pathogens that colonize on or invade through mucosal surfaces. Papers that report use of such vaccine vector systems for parenteral vaccination or to deal with nonmucosal pathogens or do not address induction of mucosal antibody and/or cellular immune responses are not reviewed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chua LS. Review on Liver Inflammation and Antiinflammatory Activity of Andrographis paniculata
for Hepatoprotection. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1589-98. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Suan Chua
- Metabolites Profiling Laboratory, Institute of Bioproduct Development; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; UTM Skudai 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xia T, Fu Y, Gao H, Zhao Z, Zhao L, Han B. Recovery of ovary function impaired by chemotherapy using Chinese herbal medicine in a rat model. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2014; 60:293-303. [PMID: 24831605 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2014.920057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The ovary is not only involved in female germ cell development and maturation, but also adjusts female endocrinology. Its function is severely impaired during chemotherapy, and premature ovarian failure may be induced. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has displayed significant potential in the treatment of female endocrine disorders; however, it is unknown whether it can recover ovarian function impaired by chemotherapy. In the present study, CHM was used to treat rat models of ovarian dysfunction impaired by chemotherapeutic drugs. Three groups were included in this study: a prevention group, a treatment group, and a prevention-treatment group. Routine gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) treatment was used as a control. The results showed that body weight, fertility, estrus days, hormone levels, and ovary weight were restored when CHM was administered in these rat models. Moreover, in the prevention-treatment group, the number of follicles at each developmental stage significantly increased compared with the prevention or treatment group. Furthermore, the number of apoptotic cells significantly decreased, and the relative mRNA expression of caspase-3 significantly decreased, in the prevention-treatment group. The results of gene expression analysis indicated that the expression of anti-Müllerianhormone (AMH) which indicates ovarian preservation was significantly up-regulated in the prevention-treatment group and was similar to normal rats. The expression of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) was significantly enhanced in both the prevention-treatment group and the GnRHa group, which suggested that the oocytes were of better quality. Finally, we found that there were no differences in body weight and fertility in the offspring conceived by the drug-treated rats, which partly indicated the safety of the medicine. In conclusion, Chinese herbal medicine showed a beneficial role in the recovery of ovary function in these rat models and has significant potential in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Chinese Traditional Medicine University , Tianjin City , China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao X, Lu Y, Tao Y, Huang Y, Wang D, Hu Y, Liu J, Wu Y, Yu Y, Liu C. Salidroside liposome formulation enhances the activity of dendritic cells and immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:1134-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
19
|
Saiki I, Koizumi K, Goto H, Inujima A, Namiki T, Raimura M, Kogure T, Tatsumi T, Inoue H, Sakai S, Oka H, Fujimoto M, Hikiami H, Sakurai H, Shibahara N, Shimada Y, Origasa H. The long-term effects of a kampo medicine, juzentaihoto, on maintenance of antibody titer in elderly people after influenza vaccination. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:568074. [PMID: 24348705 PMCID: PMC3852084 DOI: 10.1155/2013/568074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have performed a broad-ranging analysis of the adjuvant effect of a Kampo medicine, juzentaihoto (JTT), on influenza vaccination in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. In this study, the enhancing effect of JTT on antibody titer after influenza vaccination was studied for 28 weeks in elderly people who were in the high-risk group for influenza infection. In total, 91 subjects over 65 years old were recruited from four long-term-care facilities located in Chiba, Gunma, and Toyama prefectures in Japan. Participants were randomly assigned to the JTT and the control groups. Blood samples were taken at 4 weeks before vaccination, at the time of vaccination, and then at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after vaccination. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against A/California/7/2009 (H1N1), A/Victoria/210/2009 (H3N2), and B/Brisbane/60/2008 were then manually measured. A significant increase in HI titer against H3N2 was observed at week 8 after vaccination in the JTT group compared with the control group (P = 0.0229), and the HI titer of the JTT group significantly increased from 4 to 24 weeks (P = 0.0468), compared with the control group. In conclusion, our results indicated that JTT increased and prolonged antibody production against A/Victoria/210/2009 (H3N2), in particular, after influenza vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Saiki
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koizumi
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hirozo Goto
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Hokusei Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Akiko Inujima
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takao Namiki
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | | | - Toshiaki Kogure
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Gunma Central & General Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tatsumi
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Gunma Central & General Hospital, Gunma, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ninosawa Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Department of Japanese Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Oka
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Bayside Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujimoto
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hikiami
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakurai
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Shibahara
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimada
- Department of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| | - Hideki Origasa
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Juzentaihoto Failed to Augment Antigen-Specific Immunity but Prevented Deterioration of Patients' Conditions in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer under Personalized Peptide Vaccine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:981717. [PMID: 23840274 PMCID: PMC3691906 DOI: 10.1155/2013/981717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Juzentaihoto (JTT) is a well-known Japanese herbal medicine, which has been reported to modulate immune responses and enhance antitumor immunity in animal models. However, it is not clear whether JTT has similar effects on humans. In particular, there is little information on the effects of JTT in antigen-specific immunity in cancer patients. Here we conducted a randomized clinical study to investigate whether combined usage of JTT could affect antigen-specific immunity and clinical findings in advanced pancreatic cancer patients undergoing personalized peptide vaccination (PPV), in which HLA-matched vaccine antigens were selected based on the preexisting host immunity. Fifty-seven patients were randomly assigned to receive PPV with (n = 28) or without (n = 29) JTT. Unexpectedly, JTT did not significantly affect cellular or humoral immune responses specific to the vaccine antigens, which were determined by antigen-specific interferon-γ secretion in T cells and antigen-specific IgG titers in plasma, respectively. Nevertheless, JTT prevented deterioration of patients' conditions, such as anemia, lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, plasma IL-6 elevation, and reduction of performance status, which are frequently observed in advanced cancers. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical study that examined the immunological and clinical effects of JTT in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy in humans.
Collapse
|