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Mhaske A, Singh S, Abourehab MA, Kumar A, Kesharwani P, Shukla R. Recent pharmaceutical engineered trends as theranostics for Japanese encephalitis. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Islam N, Xu C, Lau CL, Mills DJ, Clark J, Devine GJ, Hugo LE, Gyawali N, Thalib L, Furuya-Kanamori L. Persistence of antibodies, boostability, and interchangeability of Japanese encephalitis vaccines: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Vaccine 2022; 40:3546-3555. [PMID: 35568587 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of Japanese encephalitis (JE) is substantial and is arguably one of the most serious viral encephalitic diseases with high case fatality and no specific treatment. JE vaccines are the only available mean to prevent the disease; however, the long-term persistence of antibodies, boostability, and interchangeability between different vaccine classes are not well understood. METHODS To summarise the evidence, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched from their inception to March 2021. Dose-response meta-analysis was utilised to synthesise the proportion of individuals who were seropositive over time after a primary vaccination course and a booster dose. Proportion meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the proportion of individuals who were seropositive as well as those who reported adverse events following a booster dose with a different vaccine class. RESULTS Of 1053 publications retrieved, 27 studies with 4,558 participants were included. Of these, 11 studies assessed persistence of antibodies, 14 studies boostability, and 8 vaccine class interchangeability. The pooled seropositivity, 1-year after primary vaccination was 83.4% (95 %CI 78.2-89.5%) and remained stable for up to 5 years (82.7%; 95 %CI 76.1-89.4%). Rapid anamnestic response was observed 10 days post-booster dose, the proportion of individuals who were seropositive reached 96.9% (95 %CI 95.9-97.8%) and remained > 95% for up to 6 years. Inactivated mouse brain-derived vaccines followed by a booster dose of a different vaccine class was effective (i.e. seropositive 99%) and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS A booster dose after the primary vaccination is effective and further booster doses may be needed after 7 years. Inactivated mouse brain-derived vaccine followed by a booster with a newer vaccine class is effective and safe; although, there is a paucity of data related to newer classes of vaccines interchangeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Islam
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Chang Xu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Population Health Across-Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Colleen L Lau
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia; Dr Deb The Travel Doctor, Travel Medicine Alliance, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Deborah J Mills
- Dr Deb The Travel Doctor, Travel Medicine Alliance, Brisbane, Australia; Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Justin Clark
- Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | - Gregor J Devine
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leon E Hugo
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Narayan Gyawali
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lukman Thalib
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Luis Furuya-Kanamori
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.
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Kwak BO, Hong YJ, Kim DH. Changes in age-specific seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus and impact of Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Korea. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:108-114. [PMID: 34592804 PMCID: PMC8898622 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.01984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia. Since the introduction of a universal JE vaccination program and urbanization of Korea, the incidence of JE has dramatically decreased in Korea. However, recent JE cases have occurred, predominantly among unvaccinated adults and with a shift in age distribution. Here we aimed to review the changes in age-specific JE seroprevalence over time and discuss the implications of JE vaccination programs in Korea. Following the last epidemic in 1982-1983, mandatory vaccination for all children aged 3-15 years was conducted annually until 1994. However, JE has reemerged, predominantly affecting unvaccinated adults aged 40 years or older and demonstrating a shift in age distribution toward older populations. The age-specific seroprevalence of the JE virus in Korea has changed noticeably over time. Seropositivity in children and adolescents increased from 10%-59% in the 1970s to 90%-92% in the 1980s after the implementation of the JE vaccination program and increased further to 98% in 2012. No age-specific difference in the seroprevalence of JE was found, and appropriate levels of immunity to JE were maintained for all age groups. Continuous surveillance of the seroprevalence of JE is essential to establish a proper immunization policy in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ok Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jin Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Hattasingh W, Chanthavanich P, Sirivichayakul C, Arunsodsai W, Surangsrirat S, Srisuwannaporn T, Kaewma B, Yoksan S, Limkittikul K, Yang J, Mao Y. Antibody persistence upto 5 years after primary immunization and booster with an inactivated chromatographically purified Vero cell-derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Thai children. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2028513. [PMID: 35103548 PMCID: PMC8993053 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2028513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis is the main cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. In a previous single-arm vaccine trial, an inactivated chromatographically purified Japanese encephalitis Vero cell vaccine (CVI-JE; JEVACTM) was safe and immunogenic in 152 Thai children aged 1–3 years receiving a 2-dose primary immunization and booster dose 1 year later. We conducted a 5-year follow-up assessment of the persistence of the immune response the 144 children remaining in this cohort after first booster dose. Immunity was assessed by 50% plaque reduction neutralization test annually for up to 5 years post-booster. Seroprotection rates (95%CI) decreased from 100% (97.1–100) at 1 year post-booster to 93% (85.0–98.3) at 5 years post-booster. No serious vaccine-related adverse events or Japanese encephalitis infections were reported. A 2-dose primary immunization and booster 1 year later with CVI-JE provided long-lasting immunity in the majority of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerawan Hattasingh
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornthep Chanthavanich
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chukiat Sirivichayakul
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watcharee Arunsodsai
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Benjawan Kaewma
- Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sutee Yoksan
- Japanese Encephalitis/Dengue Virology Laboratory, Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kriengsak Limkittikul
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Junwei Yang
- Liaoning Cheng Da Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Liaoning Cheng Da Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China
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Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an endemic disease dominantly in the Asia-Pacific region with mortality rate varying between 3% and 30%. Long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae developed in 30–50% of the survivors. There is no available antiviral therapy for JE. JE vaccines play a major role in preventing this devastating disease. The incidence of JE declined over years and the age distribution shifted toward adults in countries where JE immunization program exists. Mouse brain–JE vaccine is currently replaced by inactivated Vero cell-derived vaccine and live-attenuated vaccine using SA14-14-2 strain, and live chimeric JE vaccines. These three types of JE vaccines are associated with favorable efficacy and safety profiles. Common adverse reactions include injection site reactions and fever, and severe adverse reactions are rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ing Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kwak BO, Kwon YS, Hong YJ, Shin SH, Eun BW, Ahn YM, Kim HM, Kim NH, Kim DH. Immunogenicity and safety of the third booster dose of the inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Korean children: A prospective multicenter study. Vaccine 2021; 39:1929-1932. [PMID: 33712352 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The immunization schedule for the inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in Korea is a two-dose primary series at 12-24 months of age and three booster doses at 12 months after primary schedule and at 6 and 12 years of age. The aim of this study was to investigate immunogenicity and safety of the third booster dose of the inactivated JE vaccine, as well as the long-term immunogenicity of the second booster dose in Korean children. Healthy children aged 11-13 years, primed and given four doses of inactivated JE vaccines were included. All subjects received the third booster dose of the JE vaccine. Neutralizing antibody (NTAb) titers were assessed before and 4-6 weeks after vaccination using plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and were considered to be protective at ≥ 1:10. Local and systemic adverse events were monitored for 4 weeks after vaccination. Before and after booster vaccination, all seroprotection rates were 100%. Geometric mean titer (GMT) showed a 6.05-fold increase, from 139.11 (95% CI: 110.76, 174.71) to 841.53 (95% CI, 714.25, 991.50). The local tolerability and systemic safety profiles were favorable, with no serious adverse events. In conclusion, the third booster dose of the inactivated JE vaccine was demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in Korean children when administered according to the current immunization schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ok Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, South Korea
| | - Young Se Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Seon Hee Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, South Korea
| | - Byung Wook Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, South Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, South Korea
| | - Hwang Min Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang 10380, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea.
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Lee HJ, Choi H, Park KH, Jang Y, Hong YJ, Kim YB. Retention of neutralizing antibodies to Japanese encephalitis vaccine in age groups above fifteen years in Korea. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 100:53-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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