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Cervantes-Torres J, Cabello-Gutiérrez C, Ayón-Núñez DA, Soldevila G, Olguin-Alor R, Diaz G, Acero G, Segura-Velázquez R, Huerta L, Gracia-Mora I, Cobos L, Pérez-Tapia M, Almagro JC, Suárez-Güemes F, Bobes RJ, Fragoso G, Sciutto E, Laclette JP. Caveats of chimpanzee ChAdOx1 adenovirus-vectored vaccines to boost anti-SARS-CoV-2 protective immunity in mice. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:179. [PMID: 38280035 PMCID: PMC10821985 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Several COVID-19 vaccines use adenovirus vectors to deliver the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. Immunization with these vaccines promotes immunity against the S protein, but against also the adenovirus itself. This could interfere with the entry of the vaccine into the cell, reducing its efficacy. Herein, we evaluate the efficiency of an adenovirus-vectored vaccine (chimpanzee ChAdOx1 adenovirus, AZD1222) in boosting the specific immunity compared to that induced by a recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD)-based vaccine without viral vector. Mice immunized with the AZD1222 human vaccine were given a booster 6 months later, with either the homologous vaccine or a recombinant vaccine based on RBD of the delta variant, which was prevalent at the start of this study. A significant increase in anti-RBD antibody levels was observed in rRBD-boosted mice (31-61%) compared to those receiving two doses of AZD1222 (0%). Significantly higher rates of PepMix™- or RBD-elicited proliferation were also observed in IFNγ-producing CD4 and CD8 cells from mice boosted with one or two doses of RBD, respectively. The lower efficiency of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine in boosting specific immunity could be the result of a pre-existing anti-vector immunity, induced by increased levels of anti-adenovirus antibodies found both in mice and humans. Taken together, these results point to the importance of avoiding the recurrent use of the same adenovirus vector in individuals with immunity and memory against them. It also illustrates the disadvantages of ChAdOx1 adenovirus-vectored vaccine with respect to recombinant protein vaccines, which can be used without restriction in vaccine-booster programs. KEY POINTS: • ChAdOx1 adenovirus vaccine (AZD1222) may not be effective in boosting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity • A recombinant RBD protein vaccine is effective in boosting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in mice • Antibodies elicited by the rRBD-delta vaccine persisted for up to 3 months in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelynne Cervantes-Torres
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cabello-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez Secc. 16, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Dolores-Adriana Ayón-Núñez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Soldevila
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Olguin-Alor
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Georgina Diaz
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Acero
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Segura-Velázquez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonor Huerta
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isabel Gracia-Mora
- Unidad de Experimentación Preclínica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Cobos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapeúticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan C Almagro
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapeúticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Suárez-Güemes
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl J Bobes
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edda Sciutto
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pedro Laclette
- Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Sives S, Keep S, Bickerton E, Vervelde L. Revealing Novel-Strain-Specific and Shared Epitopes of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Spike Glycoprotein Using Chemical Linkage of Peptides onto Scaffolds Precision Epitope Mapping. Viruses 2023; 15:2279. [PMID: 38005955 PMCID: PMC10675791 DOI: 10.3390/v15112279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is an economically important infectious disease affecting chickens, with a diverse range of serotypes found globally. The major surface protein, spike (S), has high diversity between serotypes, and amino acid differences in the S1 sub-unit are thought to be responsible for poor cross-protection afforded by vaccination. Here, we attempt to address this, by using epitope mapping technology to identify shared and serotype-specific immunogenic epitopes of the S glycoprotein of three major circulating strains of IBV, M41, QX, and 4/91, via CLIPS peptide arrays based on peptides from the S1 sub-units. The arrays were screened with sera from chickens immunised with recombinant IBV, based on Beau-R backbone expressing heterologous S, generated in two independent vaccination/challenge trials. The screening of sera from rIBV vaccination experiments led to the identification of 52 immunogenic epitopes on the S1 of M41, QX, and 4/91. The epitopes were assigned into six overlapping epitope binding regions. Based on accessibility and location in the hypervariable regions of S, three sequences, 25YVYYYQSAFRPPNGWHLQGGAYAVVNSTN54, 67TVGVIKDVYNQSVASI82, and 83AMTVPPAGMSWSVS96, were selected for further investigation, and synthetic peptide mimics were recognised by polyclonal sera. These epitopes may have the potential to contribute towards a broader cross-protective IBV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sives
- Division of Immunology, The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Sarah Keep
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK (E.B.)
| | - Erica Bickerton
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK (E.B.)
| | - Lonneke Vervelde
- Division of Immunology, The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK;
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Hisham Y, Seo SM, Kim S, Shim S, Hwang J, Yoo ES, Kim NW, Song CS, Jhun H, Park HY, Lee Y, Shin KC, Han SY, Seong JK, Choi YK, Kim S. COVID-19 spike polypeptide vaccine reduces the pathogenesis and viral infection in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1098461. [PMID: 36936979 PMCID: PMC10020603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1098461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which causes a respiratory disease called COVID-19, has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is still ongoing. Vaccination is the most important strategy to end the pandemic. Several vaccines have been approved, as evidenced by the ongoing global pandemic, but the pandemic is far from over and no fully effective vaccine is yet available. One of the most critical steps in vaccine development is the selection of appropriate antigens and their proper introduction into the immune system. Therefore, in this study, we developed and evaluated two proposed vaccines composed of single and multiple SARS-CoV-2 polypeptides derived from the spike protein, namely, vaccine A and vaccine B, respectively. The polypeptides were validated by the sera of COVID-19-vaccinated individuals and/or naturally infected COVID-19 patients to shortlist the starting pool of antigens followed by in vivo vaccination to hACE2 transgenic mice. The spike multiple polypeptide vaccine (vaccine B) was more potent to reduce the pathogenesis of organs, resulting in higher protection against the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Hisham
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Min Seo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinae Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Saerok Shim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeong Hwang
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Seon Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjhung Jhun
- Food Industry Infrastructure Team, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Park
- Research Group of Functional Food Materials, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Lee
- Department of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Cheol Shin
- Center for Respiratory Disease, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, and BioMAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Yang-Kyu Choi, ; Soohyun Kim,
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Yang-Kyu Choi, ; Soohyun Kim,
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