1
|
Feitosa IB, Mori B, Santos APDAD, Villanova JCO, Teles CBG, Costa AG. What are the immunopharmacological effects of furazolidone? A systematic review. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:674-679. [PMID: 34570666 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1979034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Furazolidone (FZD) is a widely used drug in human and veterinary medicine, and has antibacterial and antiprotozoal action. Although it is widely used as a therapy in various pathological conditions, studies on the efficacy of FZD associated with immune responses are still limited. In this review, we seek to describe which immunopharmacological responses are caused by the administration of FZD. The study followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A systematic review of clinical trials and in vitro and in vivo experimental studies was carried out, which resulted in 943 papers, of which 35 were considered eligible and, of these 35, 4 were selected for analysis. The studies listed indicated that administration of FZD can modulate pro- or anti-inflammatory pathways, with a probable increase in the expression of reactive oxygen species and a modulation of apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Brito Feitosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (PPGIBA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade Metropolitana de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mori
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (PPGIBA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Azevedo Dos Santos
- Plataforma Técnica de Bioensaio de Malária e Leishmaniose, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz-Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Centro Universitário São Lucas, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Janaína Cecília Oliveira Villanova
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratório de Produção Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles
- Plataforma Técnica de Bioensaio de Malária e Leishmaniose, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz-Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.,Departamento de Medicina, Centro Universitário São Lucas, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimarães Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada (PPGIBA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Brazil.,Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ibrahim D, Abdelfattah-Hassan A, Badawi M, Ismail TA, Bendary MM, Abdelaziz AM, Mosbah RA, Mohamed DI, Arisha AH, El-Hamid MIA. Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken's growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7742. [PMID: 33833292 PMCID: PMC8032708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Ibrahim
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt ,grid.440881.10000 0004 0576 5483Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578 Egypt
| | - M. Badawi
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tamer Ahmed Ismail
- grid.412895.30000 0004 0419 5255Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. Bendary
- grid.440879.60000 0004 0578 4430Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said Governorate, Egypt
| | - Adel M. Abdelaziz
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Educational Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Mosbah
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Zagazig University Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Zagazig Branch, Agriculture Research Center, Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Arisha
- grid.507995.70000 0004 6073 8904Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta A, Bansal M, Wagle B, Sun X, Rath N, Donoghue A, Upadhyay A. Sodium Butyrate Reduces Salmonella Enteritidis Infection of Chicken Enterocytes and Expression of Inflammatory Host Genes in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:553670. [PMID: 33042060 PMCID: PMC7524895 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.553670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is a facultative intracellular pathogen that colonizes the chicken gut leading to contamination of carcasses during processing. A reduction in intestinal colonization by SE could result in reduced carcass contamination thereby reducing the risk of illnesses in humans. Short chain fatty acids such as butyrate are microbial metabolites produced in the gut that exert various beneficial effects. However, its effect on SE colonization is not well known. The present study investigated the effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations (SICs) of sodium butyrate on the adhesion and invasion of SE in primary chicken enterocytes and chicken macrophages. In addition, the effect of sodium butyrate on the expression of SE virulence genes and selected inflammatory genes in chicken macrophages challenged with SE were investigated. Based on the growth curve analysis, the two SICs of sodium butyrate that did not reduce SE growth were 22 and 45 mM, respectively. The SICs of sodium butyrate did not affect the viability and proliferation of chicken enterocytes and macrophage cells. The SICs of sodium butyrate reduced SE adhesion by ∼1.7 and 1.8 Log CFU/mL, respectively. The SE invasion was reduced by ∼2 and 2.93 Log CFU/mL, respectively in chicken enterocytes (P < 0.05). Sodium butyrate did not significantly affect the adhesion of SE to chicken macrophages. However, 45 mM sodium butyrate reduced invasion by ∼1.7 Log CFU/mL as compared to control (P < 0.05). Exposure to sodium butyrate did not change the expression of SE genes associated with motility (flgG, prot6E), invasion (invH), type 3 secretion system (sipB, pipB), survival in macrophages (spvB, mgtC), cell wall and membrane integrity (tatA), efflux pump regulator (mrr1) and global virulence regulation (lrp) (P > 0.05). However, a few genes contributing to type-3 secretion system (ssaV, sipA), adherence (sopB), macrophage survival (sodC) and oxidative stress (rpoS) were upregulated by at least twofold. The expression of inflammatory genes (Il1β, Il8, and Mmp9) that are triggered by SE for host colonization was significantly downregulated (at least 25-fold) by sodium butyrate as compared to SE (P < 0.05). The results suggest that sodium butyrate has an anti-inflammatory potential to reduce SE colonization in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Gupta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Mohit Bansal
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Basanta Wagle
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Xiaolun Sun
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Narayan Rath
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Annie Donoghue
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Abhinav Upadhyay
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma H, Lian Z, Liu W, Han H, Yuan Y, Ning Z. Salmonella Pullorum resistance in dwarf chickens selected for high macrophage phagocytosis. J APPL POULTRY RES 2017. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfx013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
5
|
Upadhyaya I, Upadhyay A, Yin HB, Nair MS, Bhattaram VK, Karumathil D, Kollanoor-Johny A, Khan MI, Darre MJ, Curtis PA, Venkitanarayanan K. Reducing Colonization and Eggborne Transmission ofSalmonellaEnteritidis in Layer Chickens by In-Feed Supplementation of Caprylic Acid. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:591-7. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Indu Upadhyaya
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Abhinav Upadhyay
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Hsin-Bai Yin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Meera S. Nair
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Varun K. Bhattaram
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Deepti Karumathil
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | | | - Mazhar I. Khan
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Michael J. Darre
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Patricia A. Curtis
- Auburn University Food Systems Institute, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
In-feed supplementation of trans-cinnamaldehyde reduces layer-chicken egg-borne transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:2985-94. [PMID: 25710365 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03809-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a major foodborne pathogen in the United States, causing gastroenteritis in humans, primarily through consumption of contaminated eggs. Chickens are the reservoir host of S. Enteritidis. In layer hens, S. Enteritidis colonizes the intestine and migrates to various organs, including the oviduct, leading to egg contamination. This study investigated the efficacy of in-feed supplementation with trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) plant compound obtained from cinnamon, in reducing S. Enteritidis cecal colonization and systemic spread in layers. Additionally, the effect of TC on S. Enteritidis virulence factors critical for macrophage survival and oviduct colonization was investigated in vitro. The consumer acceptability of eggs was also determined by a triangle test. Supplementation of TC in feed for 66 days at 1 or 1.5% (vol/wt) for 40- or 25-week-old layer chickens decreased the amounts of S. Enteritidis on eggshell and in yolk (P<0.001). Additionally, S. Enteritidis persistence in the cecum, liver, and oviduct in TC-supplemented birds was decreased compared to that in controls (P<0.001). No significant differences in feed intake, body weight, or egg production in birds or in consumer acceptability of eggs were observed (P>0.05). In vitro cell culture assays revealed that TC reduced S. Enteritidis adhesion to and invasion of primary chicken oviduct epithelial cells and reduced S. Enteritidis survival in chicken macrophages (P<0.001). Follow-up gene expression analysis using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that TC downregulated the expression of S. Enteritidis virulence genes critical for chicken oviduct colonization (P<0.001). The results suggest that TC may potentially be used as a feed additive to reduce egg-borne transmission of S. Enteritidis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kollanoor-Johny A, Upadhyay A, Baskaran S, Upadhyaya I, Mooyottu S, Mishra N, Darre M, Khan M, Donoghue A, Donoghue D, Venkitanarayanan K. Effect of therapeutic supplementation of the plant compounds trans-cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in market-age broiler chickens. J APPL POULTRY RES 2012. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2012-00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
8
|
Chukiatsiri K, Sasipreeyajan J, Blackall PJ, Yuwatanichsampan S, Chansiripornchai N. Serovar Identification, Antimicrobial Sensitivity, and Virulence of Avibacterium paragallinarum Isolated from Chickens in Thailand. Avian Dis 2012; 56:359-64. [DOI: 10.1637/9881-080811-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
9
|
Reduction of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis colonization in 20-day-old broiler chickens by the plant-derived compounds trans-cinnamaldehyde and eugenol. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:2981-7. [PMID: 22327574 DOI: 10.1128/aem.07643-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacies of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) and eugenol (EG) for reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in broiler chickens were investigated. In three experiments for each compound, 1-day-old chicks (n = 75/experiment) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups (n = 15/treatment group): negative control (-ve S. Enteritidis, -ve TC, or EG), compound control (-ve S. Enteritidis, +ve 0.75% [vol/wt] TC or 1% [vol/wt] EG), positive control (+ve S. Enteritidis, -ve TC, or EG), low-dose treatment (+ve S. Enteritidis, +ve 0.5% TC, or 0.75% EG), and high-dose treatment (+ve S. Enteritidis, +ve 0.75% TC, or 1% EG). On day 0, birds were tested for the presence of any inherent Salmonella (n = 5/experiment). On day 8, birds were inoculated with ∼8.0 log(10) CFU S. Enteritidis, and cecal colonization by S. Enteritidis was ascertained (n = 10 chicks/experiment) after 24 h (day 9). Six birds from each treatment group were euthanized on days 7 and 10 after inoculation, and cecal S. Enteritidis numbers were determined. TC at 0.5 or 0.75% and EG at 0.75 or 1% consistently reduced (P < 0.05) S. Enteritidis in the cecum (≥3 log(10) CFU/g) after 10 days of infection in all experiments. Feed intake and body weight were not different for TC treatments (P > 0.05); however, EG supplementation led to significantly lower (P < 0.05) body weights. Follow-up in vitro experiments revealed that the subinhibitory concentrations (SICs, the concentrations that did not inhibit Salmonella growth) of TC and EG reduced the motility and invasive abilities of S. Enteritidis and downregulated expression of the motility genes flhC and motA and invasion genes hilA, hilD, and invF. The results suggest that supplementation with TC and EG through feed can reduce S. Enteritidis colonization in chickens.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ibuki M, Kovacs-Nolan J, Fukui K, Kanatani H, Mine Y. β 1-4 mannobiose enhances Salmonella-killing activity and activates innate immune responses in chicken macrophages. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2010; 139:289-95. [PMID: 21067819 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella spp. is one of the major causes of food-borne illness in humans, and Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection in commercial poultry is a world-wide problem. Here we have investigated the in vitro immune-modulating effects of β 1-4 mannobiose (MNB), which was previously found to prevent SE infection in vivo in chickens, using chicken macrophage (MQ-MCSU) cells. Treatment of MQ-NCSU cells with MNB dose-dependently increased both phagocytic activity and Salmonella-killing activity of macrophages, with the highest reduction in SE viability observed at a concentration of 40 μg/ml at 48 h post-infection. Likewise, both hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) production were increased in a dose-dependent manner by MNB. Gene expression analysis of MNB-treated macrophages revealed significant increases in the expression of iNOS, NOX-1, IFN-γ, NRAMP1, and LITAF, genes critical for host defense and antimicrobial activity, when compared to untreated cells. This data confirms that MNB possesses potent innate immune-modulating activities and can up-regulate antibacterial defenses in chicken macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahisa Ibuki
- R&D Institute, Fuji Oil, Ltd., 1 Sumiyoshi-Cho, Izumisano-Shi, Osaka 598-8540, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma H, Ning Z, Lu Y, Han H, Wang S, Mu J, Li J, Lian Z, Li N. Monocytes-macrophages phagocytosis as a potential marker for disease resistance in generation 1 of dwarf chickens. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2022-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
12
|
Hosseini MS, Hosseini-Bandegharaei A, Raissi H, Belador F. Sorption of Cr(VI) by Amberlite XAD-7 resin impregnated with brilliant green and its determination by quercetin as a selective spectrophotometric reagent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 169:52-57. [PMID: 19380195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new chelating polymeric sorbent as an extractant-impregnated resin (EIR) has been developed using brilliant green (BG) and Amberlite XAD-7 resin. The BG-impregnated resin showed superior binding affinity for Cr(VI) in the presence of many co-existing ions and no considerable interference was observed. The influence of various physicochemical parameters on the recovery of Cr(VI) were optimized by both static and dynamic methods. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm gave a satisfactory fit of the equilibrium data. The kinetic studies performed for Cr(VI) sorption revealed that <45 min was sufficient for reaching equilibrium metal ion sorption. A preconcentration factor of 100 was found for the column-mode extraction. The spectrophotometric determination of eluted Cr(VI) was carried out using quercetin as a selective reagent. The calibration graphs were linear in the range 5.0 x 10(-8) to 4.0 x 10(-7)M with a detection limit of 8 x 10(-9)M. The proposed method has been successfully employed for the analysis of natural water. The recoveries for the Cr(VI) amounts spiked to the samples were >93%, which confirmed accuracy of the measurements.
Collapse
|
13
|
JOHNY ANUPKOLLANOOR, BASKARAN SANGEETHAANANDA, CHARLES ANUSUSAN, AMALARADJOU MARYANNEROSHNI, DARRE MICHAELJ, KHAN MAZHARI, HOAGLAND THOMASA, SCHREIBER DAVIDT, DONOGHUE ANNIEM, DONOGHUE DANJ, VENKITANARAYANAN KUMAR. Prophylactic Supplementation of Caprylic Acid in Feed Reduces Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Commercial Broiler Chicks†. J Food Prot 2009. [DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-72.4.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis is a major foodborne pathogen for which chickens serve as reservoir hosts. Reducing Salmonella Enteritidis carriage in chickens would reduce contamination of poultry meat and eggs with this pathogen. We investigated the prophylactic efficacy of feed supplemented with caprylic acid (CA), a natural, generally recognized as safe eight-carbon fatty acid, for reducing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in chicks. One hundred commercial day-old chicks were randomly divided into five groups of 20 birds each: CA control (no Salmonella Enteritidis, CA), positive control (Salmonella Enteritidis, no CA), negative control (no Salmonella Enteritidis, no CA), and 0.7 or 1% CA. Water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 8, birds were inoculated with 5.0 log CFU of Salmonella Enteritidis by crop gavage. Six birds from each group were euthanized on days 1, 7, and 10 after challenge, and Salmonella Enteritidis populations in the cecum, small intestine, cloaca, crop, liver, and spleen were enumerated. The study was replicated three times. CA supplementation at 0.7 and 1% consistently decreased Salmonella Enteritidis populations recovered from the treated birds. Salmonella Enteritidis counts in the tissue samples of CA-treated chicks were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of control birds on days 7 and 10 after challenge. Feed intake and body weight did not differ between the groups. Histological examination revealed no pathological changes in the cecum and liver of CA-supplemented birds. The results suggest that prophylactic CA supplementation through feed can reduce Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in day-old chicks and may be a useful treatment for reducing Salmonella Enteritidis carriage in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ANUP KOLLANOOR JOHNY
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | | | - ANU SUSAN CHARLES
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | | | - MICHAEL J. DARRE
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - MAZHAR I. KHAN
- 2Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - THOMAS A. HOAGLAND
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - DAVID T. SCHREIBER
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - ANNIE M. DONOGHUE
- 3U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - DAN J. DONOGHUE
- 4Center for Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li H, Zhang Y, Ning Z, Deng X, Lian Z, Li N. Effect of Selection for Phagocytosis in Dwarf Chickens on Immune and Reproductive Characters. Poult Sci 2008; 87:41-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|