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Sobral GGD, Gomes Neto OC, Carneiro GF. Effect of Supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and β-glucans to Mares During Late Gestation on Colostrum Quality and Passive Transfer of Immunity in Foals. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 121:104168. [PMID: 36464034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae or β-glucan, in the maternal diet during late pregnancy affects the concentration of total IgG in the colostrum of mares and influences the concentration of IgG in its foals. A total of 21 pregnant mares were used, aged 6±2 years, 3±1 pregnancies, 450±50kg in weight, and they were distributed into three groups: the control group (n=7); the S. cerevisiae group (n=7), which received 1010CFU of S. cerevisiae orally; and the β-glucan group (n=7), which received 0.35g of β-glucan orally. All groups started from the 300th day of their pregnancies until delivery. Samples of colostrum and serum from the mares were collected immediately after delivery. Blood samples from their foals were collected 12h after birth. The IgG measurement was performed using radial immunodiffusion. The results underwent a variance analysis. Higher concentrations of IgG were observed in the colostrum of mares that were supplemented with β-glucans (74.14±15.25 g/L) when compared to the control group (53.80g±10.95g/L). Serum IgG concentrations of foals born to mares supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (11.57±5.05 g/L) showed a significant difference, with a higher concentration of IgG in the serum compared to the control group. Therefore, this study provides evidence that manipulation of the mares' diets in late gestation to add β-glucan increased the IgG concentration in their colostrum. The addition of S. cerevisiae appears to improve the concentration of IgG in their foals within 12h after birth.
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Pedro ARV, Lima T, Fróis-Martins R, Leal B, Ramos IC, Martins EG, Cabrita ARJ, Fonseca AJM, Maia MRG, Vilanova M, Correia A. Dectin-1-Mediated Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Yeast β-Glucans in Bovine Monocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689879. [PMID: 34122455 PMCID: PMC8195389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast-derived products containing β-glucans have long been used as feed supplements in domesticated animals in an attempt to increase immunity. β-glucans are mainly recognized by the cell surface receptor CLEC7A, also designated Dectin-1. Although the immune mechanisms elicited through Dectin-1 activation have been studied in detail in mice and humans, they are poorly understood in other species. Here, we evaluated the response of bovine monocytes to soluble and particulate purified β-glucans, and also to Zymosan. Our results show that particulate, but not soluble β-glucans, can upregulate the surface expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on bovine monocytes. In addition, stimulated cells increased production of IL-8 and of TNF, IL1B, and IL6 mRNA expression, in a dose-dependent manner, which correlated positively with CLEC7A gene expression. Production of IL-8 and TNF expression decreased significantly after CLEC7A knockdown using two different pairs of siRNAs. Overall, we demonstrated here that bovine monocytes respond to particulate β-glucans, through Dectin-1, by increasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our data support further studies in cattle on the induction of trained immunity using dietary β-glucans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R V Pedro
- Immunobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório de Imunologia, DIMFF, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,LAQV, REQUIMTE, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Lima
- Immunobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Fróis-Martins
- Immunobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Leal
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, DPIM, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UMIB, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Ramos
- Animal Nutrition Division, Cooperativa Agrícola de Vila do Conde, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Elisabete G Martins
- ADM Portugal, SA, Murtede, Portugal.,EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana R J Cabrita
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António J M Fonseca
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida R G Maia
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- Immunobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório de Imunologia, DIMFF, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Immunobiology Group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório de Imunologia, DIMFF, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Development of Fish Immunity and the Role of β-Glucan in Immune Responses. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225378. [PMID: 33213001 PMCID: PMC7698520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of β-glucans through various routes, including immersion, dietary inclusion, or injection, have been found to stimulate various facets of immune responses, such as resistance to infections and resistance to environmental stress. β-Glucans used as an immunomodulatory food supplement have been found beneficial in eliciting immunity in commercial aquaculture. Despite extensive research involving more than 3000 published studies, knowledge of the receptors involved in recognition of β-glucans, their downstream signaling, and overall mechanisms of action is still lacking. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss what is currently known about of the use of β-glucans in fish.
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de Oliveira CAF, Vetvicka V, Zanuzzo FS. β-Glucan successfully stimulated the immune system in different jawed vertebrate species. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 62:1-6. [PMID: 30711038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have shown the positive effects of β-glucans on the immune. Howeverthese studies have a broad experimental design including β-glucans compounds. Consequently, a study using the same β-glucan molecule, administration route and experimental design is needed to compare the effects of β-glucan across vertebrate species. For this end, during 28 days we fed four different vertebrate species: mice, dogs, piglets and chicks, with two β-glucan molecules (BG01 and BG02). We measured the serum interleukin 2 as an indicator of innate immune response, the neutrophils and monocytes phagocytosis index as a cellular response and antibody formation as an adaptive response. The results clearly showed that the different β-glucan molecules exhibited biologically differently behaviors, but both molecules stimulate the immune system in a similar pattern in these four species. This finding suggests that vertebrates shared similar mechanisms/patterns in recognizing the β-glucans and confirms the benefits of β-glucans across different vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A F de Oliveira
- Department of Research and Development, Biorigin Company, Fazenda São José s/n, 17290-000 Macatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vaclav Vetvicka
- University of Louisville, Department of Pathology, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Fábio S Zanuzzo
- Department of Research and Development, Biorigin Company, Fazenda São José s/n, 17290-000 Macatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Angulo M, Reyes-Becerril M, Tovar-Ramírez D, Ascencio F, Angulo C. Debaryomyces hansenii CBS 8339 β-glucan enhances immune responses and down-stream gene signaling pathways in goat peripheral blood leukocytes. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 88:173-182. [PMID: 30031015 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Debaryomyces hansenii-derived β-glucan has shown immunostimulant effect on aquaculture species and recently on goat peripheral blood leukocytes. Moreover, the marine yeast D. hansenii CBS 8339 has demonstrated to enhance fish immune response. Nonetheless, the associated immune signaling pathways induced by β-glucan from this marine yeast have not been characterized yet. This study described the effects of β-glucan from D. hansenii CBS 8339 against challenge with Escherichia coli and activation of possible mechanisms on goat peripheral blood leukocytes. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that D. hansenii had β-(1,3)(1,6)-glucan. The phagocytic ability enhanced after E. coli challenge, and nitric oxide production increased before and after challenge in leukocytes stimulated with D. hansenii β-glucan. In addition, an early gene expression stimulation was found related to β-glucan recognition by TLR2 and Dectin-1 receptors, intracellular regulation by Syk, TRAF6, MyD88 and transcription factor NFκB, and effector functions of pro-inflammatory cytokine, such as IL-1β and TNF-α. Interestingly, simulation with D. hansenii-derived β-glucan increased leukocyte viability after E. coli challenge. In conclusion, β-glucan from D. hansenii CBS 8339 reduced cytotoxic effects of E. coli and modulated signaling pathways and innate immune response in goat peripheral blood leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Dariel Tovar-Ramírez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Felipe Ascencio
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz B.C.S. 23096, Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C L Chase
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, PO Box 2175, SAR Room 125, North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Suchecka D, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J, Żyła E, Harasym J, Oczkowski M. Selected physiological activities and health promoting properties of cereal beta-glucans. A review. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/70066/2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Strong RA, Silva EB, Cheng HW, Eicher SD. Acute brief heat stress in late gestation alters neonatal calf innate immune functions. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:7771-83. [PMID: 26298746 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress, as one of the environmental stressors affecting the dairy industry, compromises the cow milk production, immune function, and reproductive system. However, few studies have looked at how prenatal heat stress (HS) affects the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HS during late gestation on calf immunity. Calves were born to cows exposed to evaporative cooling (CT) or HS (cyclic 23-35°C) for 1 wk at 3 wk before calving. Both bull and heifer calves (CT, n=10; HS, n=10) were housed in similar environmental temperatures after birth. Both CT and HS calves received 3.78 L of pooled colostrum within 12 h after birth and were fed the same diet throughout the study. In addition to tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4 mRNA expression, the expression of CD14(+) and CD18(+) cells, and DEC205(+) dendritic cells were determined in whole blood samples at d 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, differential cell counts, and the hematocrit were also determined. During late gestation, the HS cows had greater respiration rates, rectal temperatures, and tended to spend more time standing compared with the CT cows. The HS calves had less expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and TLR2 and greater levels of IL-1β, IL-1RA, and TLR4 compared with CT calves. The HS calves also had a greater percentage of CD18(+) cells compared with the CT calves. Additionally, a greater percentage of neutrophils and lesser percentage of lymphocytes were in the HS calves compared with the CT calves. The results indicate that biomarkers of calves' immunity are affected in the first several weeks after birth by HS in the dam during late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Strong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - E B Silva
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - H W Cheng
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - S D Eicher
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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