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Zhang L, Cai J, Wang X, Yang Z, Ding H, Yang L. Effects of early pregnancy on NOD-like receptor expression in the ovine endometrium. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1384386. [PMID: 38903689 PMCID: PMC11188467 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1384386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are expressed in the endometrium, and involved in modulating the female innate immune responses. There are conceptus-endometrial interactions during pregnancy, which ensure immune homeostasis of the maternal-fetal interface. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of early pregnancy on NLR expression in the ovine endometrium. Methods Endometrial tissues were collected at day 16 of the estrous cycle, and at days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnancy (n = 6 for each group), and RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to analyze the expression of NLRs, including NOD1, NOD2, major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator (CIITA), neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP), NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1), NLRP3 and NLRP7. Results Expression levels of NOD1, NOD2, NAIP, CIITA, NLRP1 and NLRP3 declined, but expression level of NLRP7 increased in the endometria during early pregnancy compared with nonpregnant ewes. In addition, NOD2 and CIITA proteins were located in the endometrium in a protein type-, cell type- and pregnancy status-specific manner. Discussion Early pregnancy modulated expression of NLR family in the ovine endometrium, which may be essential for conceptus-endometrial interactions and maternal-fetal interface immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Zhao S, Luo S, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chen G. Molecular characterisation and function analysis of NOD1 gene from Yangzhou goose ( Anser cygnoides domesticus). Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:316-323. [PMID: 34558366 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1983918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. NOD1 is a significant member of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family. Its main role is to identify microorganisms that invade the body, transmit immune signals and regulate innate immune responses. However, the expression and role of the NOD1 in immune defence against infection in geese remain unknown.2. The RT-PCR method and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was used to obtain the full-length goose NOD1 (gNOD1) cDNA series. The cDNA for gNOD1 contains 2856-bp nucleotides, i.e. 47-bp 5' UTR, 135-bp 3' UTR, and 1275-bp ORF region, and encodes a 951-amino-acids (AAs) polypeptide chain. The nucleotide sequence of gNOD1 was found more than 90% similar to its homologs from other avian organisms.3. The qRT-PCR results showed that gNOD1 mRNA was widely distributed in different tissues, but highly expressed in liver, spleen, lung and caecum tissues.4. Following stimulation of goose embryo fibroblasts (GEFs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), the expression of gNOD1 and cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α, changed with the response-efficacy correlation at 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi).5. When the goslings were challenged with Salmonella entertidis (SE) and LPS, the expression of gNOD1 was up-regulated at 3 and 6 hpi in the spleen and caecum tissues, respectively. However, after SE infection, the expression level of gNOD1 fluctuated, while in the LPS group, gNOD1 mRNA increased immediately at a peak time of 6 hpi and then steadily declined. These results indicated that NOD1 was associated with the potency to resist bacterial and viral infections in the goose, both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - G Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Differences in the bovine milk whey proteome between early pregnancy and the estrous cycle. Theriogenology 2018; 114:301-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Hamonic G, Pasternak JA, Forsberg NM, Käser T, Wilson HL. Expression of pattern recognition receptors in porcine uterine epithelial cells in vivo and in culture. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 202:1-10. [PMID: 30078581 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Preservation of a pathogen free uterine environment is critical for maintaining healthy swine herds with high reproductive performance. Considering that uterine epithelial cells are the most numerous and thus likely point of cellular contact for pathogens in the uterus, we hypothesize that these cells may be critical for activating the immune system to clear uterine infections. Although uterine epithelial cells have not been well characterized in pigs, studies in several other species have shown that these cells express several pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and thus may act as sentinels for the uterine immune response. To characterize PRR expression in the porcine uterine epithelia, we used laser-capture microdissection to isolate epithelial cells lining the porcine uterus to quantify in vivo mRNA expression levels for select PRRs. As well, primary uterine epithelial cells (UECs) were isolated, cultured, polarized and PRR expression was quantified. Immunohistofluorescence and immunofluorescence were used to determine subcellular localization of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9 in both uterine tissue and in polarized primary UECs. Finally, polarized primary UECs were stimulated with ligands for TLR3, TLR4, TLR9 and NOD2 to determine their functional innate immune response. Uterine epithelial cells (in vivo and in vitro) were shown to express TLR1-7, TLR9, NOD1, NOD2, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRX1, RIG1, MDA5 and LGP2. Subcellular localization of in vivo and polarized primary UECs exhibited TLR3 and TLR9 localized to the apical cell surface whereas TLR4 was localized to the intracellular space. Polarized primary UECs stimulated with TLR3, TLR4 and TLR9 ligands showed induced secretion of IL-6, IL-13 and IL-10, respectively indicating that these receptors were functional. These results indicate that pig uterine epithelial cells are functional innate immune cells that may act as sentinels to protect against uterine infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Hamonic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO) - International Vaccine Centre (InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada.
| | - J Alex Pasternak
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences (LACS), Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada.
| | - Nikki M Forsberg
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO) - International Vaccine Centre (InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Tobias Käser
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO) - International Vaccine Centre (InterVac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada.
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5
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Gärtner MA, Peter S, Jung M, Drillich M, Einspanier R, Gabler C. Increased mRNA expression of selected pro-inflammatory factors in inflamed bovine endometrium in vivo as well as in endometrial epithelial cells exposed to Bacillus pumilus in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:982-994. [PMID: 25562589 DOI: 10.1071/rd14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial epithelium plays a crucial role in the first immune response to invading bacteria by producing cytokines and chemokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the first inflammatory response of the endometrium in vivo and in vitro. Gene expression of several pro-inflammatory factors and Toll-like receptors (TLR2, -4, -6) was determined in endometrial cytobrush samples obtained from healthy cows and cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Endometrial epithelial cells were co-cultured with an isolated autochthonous uterine bacterial strain Bacillus pumilus. Total RNA was extracted from in vivo and in vitro samples and subjected to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. CXC ligands (CXCL) 1/2 and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 2 mRNA expression was higher in cows with subclinical endometritis and CXCL3 mRNA expression was higher in cows with clinical endometritis compared with healthy cows. B. pumilus induced cell death of epithelial cells within 24h of co-culturing. The presence of B. pumilus resulted in significantly higher mRNA expression of interleukin 1α (IL1A), IL6, IL8, CXCL1-3 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in co-cultured cells compared with untreated controls. The maximum increase was mainly detected after 2h. These results support the hypothesis that bacterial infection of endometrial cells might induce prompt synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting in a local inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina A Gärtner
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Peter
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Jung
- Institute for the Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, 16321 Bernau, Germany
| | - Marc Drillich
- University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Gabler
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Carneiro LC, Bedford C, Jacca S, Rosamilia A, de Lima VF, Donofrio G, Sheldon IM, Cronin JG. Coordinated Role of Toll-Like Receptor-3 and Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene-I in the Innate Response of Bovine Endometrial Cells to Virus. Front Immunol 2017; 8:996. [PMID: 28878771 PMCID: PMC5572515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus-4 (BoHV-4) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infect the uterus of cattle, often resulting in reduced fertility, or abortion of the fetus, respectively. Here, exposure of primary bovine endometrial cells to BoHV-4 or BVDV modulated the production of inflammatory mediators. Viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are detected via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). However, the relative contribution of specific PRRs to innate immunity, during viral infection of the uterus, is unclear. Endometrial epithelial and stromal cells constitutively express the PRR Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3, but, the status of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a sensor of cytosolic nucleic acids, is unknown. Primary endometrial epithelial and stromal cells had low expression of RIG-I, which was increased in stromal cells after 12 h transfection with the TLR3 ligand Poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA. Furthermore, short interfering RNA targeting TLR3, or interferon (IFN) regulatory transcription factor 3, an inducer of type I IFN transcription, reduced Poly(I:C)-induced RIG-I protein expression and reduced inflammatory mediator secretion from stromal cells. We conclude that antiviral defense of endometrial stromal cells requires coordinated recognition of PAMPs, initially via TLR3 and later via inducible RIG-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa C Carneiro
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Carmen Bedford
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jacca
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alfonso Rosamilia
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Vera F de Lima
- Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Gaetano Donofrio
- Department of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - I Martin Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - James G Cronin
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, United Kingdom
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7
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Martins T, Muniz C, Paixão T, Ruas J, Santos R, Borges Á. Endometrial transcription of microbial molecular patterns receptors in Gyr and F1 Holstein x Gyr postpartum cows. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-9093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Zebu and Holstein x Zebu crossbred have low incidence of uterine infection when compared to Holstein cows. Resistance to uterine infections may be associated with the ability to recognize invading microorganisms. Endometrial transcription of microbial molecular patterns receptors has been investigated in the postpartum period of Holstein cows, but it is completely unknown in Zebu or Holstein x Zebu cows. In this study, 9 Gyr and 12 F1 Holstein x Gyr cows were submitted to endometrial biopsies at the first and seventh days postpartum, with the objective to measure transcription levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1/6, 2, 4, 5, and 9; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors 1 and 2; and coreceptors cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2). There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in transcription of TLR5 in Gyr, and an increase in transcription of TLR9 in F1 cows, between the first and seventh day postpartum. Both groups had low incidences of uterine infections up to 42 days postpartum. Uterine involution completed at 27.7 ± 10.1 and 25.1 ± 4.7 days postpartum for Gyr and F1 cows, respectively. In Gyr cows, higher transcription levels of TLR1/6 and NOD1 correlated to a longer period required for uterine involution. In F1 cows, lower levels of TLR1/6, TLR2 and NOD2 correlated to a longer period required for uterine involution. In conclusion, some pathogen recognition receptors associated significantly with the time required for uterine involution in Gyr and F1 cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C.S. Muniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - T.A. Paixão
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - J.R.M. Ruas
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - R.L. Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Á.M. Borges
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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8
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Alan E, Liman N. Toll-like receptor expression patterns in the rat uterus during post partum involution. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 30:330-348. [PMID: 28701256 DOI: 10.1071/rd16431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to a family of pathogen recognition receptors and play critical roles in detecting and responding to invading pathogens. TLR expression could be significant because, in the uterus, the reproductive tract is an important site of exposure to and infection by pathogens during the post partum involution period. To clarify the expression and localisation patterns of TLRs in the rat uterus on Days 1, 3, 5 and 10 post partum (PP1, PP3, PP5 and PP10 respectively), immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to analyse TLR1-7, TLR9 and TLR10. The immunohistochemistry results indicated that TLR1-7, TLR9 and TLR10 were localised in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of luminal and glandular epithelium, stromal fibroblasts and myometrial cells in the rat uterus. In the luminal epithelium, TLR4-7 were also found in lateral membranes, whereas TLR10 was present in apical membranes. Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of TLR proteins increased with the number of days post partum, reaching a maximum on PP10, although levels did not differ significantly from those on PP1 (P>0.05). These findings confirm that TLR1-7, TLR9 and TLR10 are constitutively expressed in uterine cells and that localisation pattern of TLRs in the endometrium varies with structural changes in the uterus on different days of involution. These results suggest that TLRs may play a role in uterine repair and remodelling during physiological involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Alan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Narin Liman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
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9
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Rocha CE, Mol JPS, Garcia LNN, Costa LF, Santos RL, Paixão TA. Comparative experimental infection of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in bovine trophoblasts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176911. [PMID: 28467447 PMCID: PMC5415186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular and invasive bacterium that has tropism to the placenta, and causes fetal morbidity and mortality in several mammalian species. While infection with L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii are known as important causes of abortion and reproductive failure in cattle, the pathogenesis of maternal-fetal listeriosis in this species is poorly known. This study used the bovine chorioallantoic membrane explant model to investigate the kinetics of L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, and L. innocua infections in bovine trophoblastic cells for up to 8 h post infection. L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii were able to invade and multiply in trophoblastic cells without causing cell death or inducing expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Although L. innocua was unable to multiply in bovine trophoblastic cells, it induced transcription of the pro-inflammatory mediator CXCL6. This study demonstrated for the first time the susceptibility of bovine trophoblastic cells to L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia E. Rocha
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana P. S. Mol
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luize N. N. Garcia
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana F. Costa
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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10
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Changes in endometrial transcription of TLR2, TLR4, and CD14 during the first-week postpartum in dairy cows with retained placenta. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1282-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Dos Santos LS, da Silva Mol JP, de Macedo AA, Silva APC, Dos Santos Ribeiro DL, Santos RL, da Paixão TA, de Carvalho Neta AV. Transcription of non-classic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I in the bovine placenta throughout gestation and after Brucella abortus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 167:166-70. [PMID: 26188737 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Transcription of non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) was assessed in the bovine placenta throughout gestation. Additionally, the effect of Brucella abortus infection on expression of non-classical MHC-I was also evaluated using a chorioallantoic membrane explant model of infection. The non-classical MHC-I genes MICB and NC3 had higher levels of transcription in the intercotyledonary region when compared to the placentome, which had higher levels of transcription at the second trimester of gestation. NC1 and classical MHC-I had very low levels of transcription throughout gestation. Trophoblastic cells of B. abortus-infected chorioallantoic membrane explants had an increase in transcription of non-classical MHC-I at 4h post infection. Therefore, this study provides an analysis of non-classical MHC-I transcription at different stages of gestation and different placental tissues, and during B. abortus infection. These findings provide additional knowledge on immune regulation in placental tissues, a known immune-privileged site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Pinto da Silva Mol
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Auricélio Alves de Macedo
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia Carvalho Silva
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Lima Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Alves da Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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12
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Wang X, Lin P, Yin Y, Zhou J, Lei L, Zhou X, Jin Y, Wang A. Brucella suis vaccine strain S2-infected immortalized caprine endometrial epithelial cell lines induce non-apoptotic ER-stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:399-409. [PMID: 25633898 PMCID: PMC4406936 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella, which is regarded as an intracellular pathogen responsible for a zoonotic disease called brucellosis, survives and proliferates within several types of phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells. Brucella infects not only their preferred hosts but also other domestic and wild animal species, inducing abortion and infertility. Therefore, the interaction between uterine cells and Brucella is important for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, we describe the Brucella suis vaccine strain S2 (B.suis.S2) infection and replication in the immortalized caprine endometrial epithelial cell line hTERT-EECs and the induced cellular and molecular response modulation in vitro. We found that B.suis S2 was able to infect and replicate to high titers and inhibit the proliferation of EECs and induce non-apoptotic pathways, as determined by B.suis.S2 detection using MTT and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and flow cytometry. We explored the evidence of non-apoptotic pathways using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and by western blot analysis. Finally, we discovered the over-expression of GRP78, ATF4, ATF6, PERK, eIF2α, CHOP, and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) but not IRE1, xbp-1, and caspase-3 in B.suis.S2 (HK)-attacked and B.suis.S2-infected cells, suggesting that the molecular mechanism of ER stress sensor activation by B.suis.S2 is basically concomitant with that by B.suis.S2 (HK) and that ER stress, especially the PERK pathway, plays an important role in the process of B.suis.S2 infecting EEC, which may, in part, explain the role of the uterus in the pathogenesis of B.suis.S2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Wang
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Yanlong Yin
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Xudong Zhou
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Yaping Jin
- />Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Aihua Wang
- />College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
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Turner ML, Cronin JG, Healey GD, Sheldon IM. Epithelial and stromal cells of bovine endometrium have roles in innate immunity and initiate inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopeptides in vitro via Toll-like receptors TLR2, TLR1, and TLR6. Endocrinology 2014; 155:1453-65. [PMID: 24437488 PMCID: PMC3959608 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria often infect the endometrium of cattle to cause endometritis, uterine disease, and infertility. Lipopeptides are commonly found among bacteria and are detected by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) cell surface receptor TLR2 on immune cells. Heterodimers of TLR2 with TLR1 or TLR6 activate MAPK and nuclear factor-κB intracellular signaling pathways to stimulate inflammatory responses. In the endometrium, epithelial and stromal cells are the first to encounter invading bacteria, so the present study explored whether endometrial cells can also mount inflammatory responses to bacterial lipopeptides via TLRs. The supernatants of pure populations of primary bovine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells accumulated the cytokine IL-6 and the chemokine IL-8 in response to triacylated or diacylated bacterial lipopeptides. The accumulation of IL-6 and IL-8 in response to triacylated lipopeptides was reduced by small interfering RNA targeting TLR2 or TLR1 but not TLR6, whereas cellular responses to diacylated lipopeptide were reduced by small interfering RNA targeting TLR2, TLR1, or TLR6. Both lipopeptides induced rapid phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and nuclear factor-κB in endometrial cells, and inhibitors of ERK1/2 or p38 limited the accumulation of IL-6. The ovarian steroids estradiol and progesterone had little impact on inflammatory responses to lipopeptides. The endometrial epithelial and stromal cell responses to lipopeptides via TLR2, TLR1, and TLR6 provide a mechanism linking a wide range of bacterial infections to inflammation of the endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Turner
- Institute of Life Science, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
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Williams EJ. Drivers of Post-partum Uterine Disease in Dairy Cattle. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48 Suppl 1:53-8. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- EJ Williams
- Veterinary Sciences Centre; School of Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin; Dublin; Ireland
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