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Zhou P, Chen B, Hu X, Xiao X, Liu R, Li S. Domestic poultry are not susceptible to avian-origin H3N2 subtype canine influenza A virus. Vet Microbiol 2022; 272:109501. [PMID: 35853408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
At present, avian-origin H3N2 subtype canine influenza virus (H3N2 CIV) is prevalent in East Asian and North American countries. The host tropism of H3N2 CIV to mammals, including mice, guinea pigs, ferrets, and pigs, has been evaluated. However, it has not previously been determined whether avian-origin H3N2 CIV can be transmitted back to birds. In China, ducks, chickens, geese, pigeons, and quails are economically important domestic poultry that are susceptible to numerous subtypes of influenza A virus. These poultry occasionally or frequently come into contact with dogs. In this study, the infectivity of the first- and last-isolated Chinese H3N2 CIV strains in these poultry species was evaluated, and oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs of these animals were negative for virus, as determined by specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken egg inoculation and real-time RT-qPCR assays. Clinical signs and gross lesions were not observed in any of these species, and seroconversion also did not occur. The results showed that all these avian species were unsusceptible to the first- and last-isolated H3N2 CIVs, indicating unidirectional evolution of the mammalian host tropism of H3N2 CIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinkai Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shoujun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pets, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Zhao J, He W, Lu M, He H, Lai A. Emergence and Characterization of a Novel Reassortant Canine Influenza Virus Isolated from Cats. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101320. [PMID: 34684269 PMCID: PMC8539923 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cats are susceptible to a wide range of influenza A viruses (IAV). Furthermore, cats can serve as an intermediate host, and transfer avian influenza virus (AIV) H7N2 to a veterinarian. In this report, a novel reassortant influenza virus, designated A/feline/Jiangsu/HWT/2017 (H3N2), and abbreviated as FIV-HWT-2017, was isolated from nasal swab of a symptomatic cat in Jiangsu province, China. Sequence analysis indicated that, whilst the other seven genes were most similar to the avian-origin canine influenza viruses (CIV H3N2) isolated in China, the NS gene was more closely related to the circulating human influenza virus (H3N2) in the region. Therefore, FIV-HWT-2017 is a reassortant virus. In addition, some mutations were identified, and they were similar to a distinctive CIV H3N2 clade. Whether these cats were infected with the reassortant virus was unknown, however, this random isolation of a reassortant virus indicated that domestic or stray cats were "mixing vessel" for IAV cannot be ruled out. An enhanced surveillance for novel influenza virus should include pet and stray cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (W.H.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (H.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Wanting He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (W.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Meng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (W.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Haijian He
- Agricultural College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321007, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (H.H.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexander Lai
- School of STEM, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, KY 40601, USA
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (H.H.); (A.L.)
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3
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Parrish CR, Voorhees IEH. H3N8 and H3N2 Canine Influenza Viruses: Understanding These New Viruses in Dogs. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2019; 49:643-649. [PMID: 30956002 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Two different influenza A viruses have infected and spread among dogs since 2000, and both have been widespread in dogs in North America. The H3N8 canine influenza virus arose in the United States as a variant of equine influenza virus. The H3N2 canine influenza virus arose in Asia by transfer of an avian influenza virus to dogs. Both viruses cause mild respiratory disease and are associated with outbreaks in densely housed dogs or those with frequent connections to other dogs. The 2 canine influenza viruses each caused widespread epidemics over at least several years that were associated with localized outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Ross Parrish
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Ian Eugene Huber Voorhees
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Zhou P, Luo A, Xiao X, Hu X, Shen D, Li J, Wu X, Xian X, Wei C, Fu C, Zhang G, Sun L, Li S. Serological evidence of H3N2 canine influenza virus infection among horses with dog exposure. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:915-920. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Aijian Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xue Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Dan Shen
- Guangzhou Animal Health Supervision Institute; Guangzhou China
| | - Jiarong Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xushun Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xintong Xian
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Cong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Cheng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Lingshuang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Guangdong Engineering and Technological Research Center for Pets; Guangzhou Guangdong China
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Zoonotic Risk, Pathogenesis, and Transmission of Avian-Origin H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.00637-17. [PMID: 28814512 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00637-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV), avian-origin canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 (CIV-H3N2) and equine-origin CIV H3N8 (CIV-H3N8), are enzootic in the canine population. Dogs have been demonstrated to seroconvert in response to diverse IAVs, and naturally occurring reassortants of CIV-H3N2 and the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus (pdmH1N1) have been isolated. We conducted a thorough phenotypic evaluation of CIV-H3N2 in order to assess its threat to human health. Using ferret-generated antiserum, we determined that CIV-H3N2 is antigenically distinct from contemporary human H3N2 IAVs, suggesting that there may be minimal herd immunity in humans. We assessed the public health risk of CIV-H3N2 × pandemic H1N1 (pdmH1N1) reassortants by characterizing their in vitro genetic compatibility and in vivo pathogenicity and transmissibility. Using a luciferase minigenome assay, we quantified the polymerase activity of all possible 16 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes (PB2, PB1, PA, NP) between CIV-H3N2 and pdmH1N1, identifying some combinations that were more active than either parental virus complex. Using reverse genetics and fixing the CIV-H3N2 hemagglutinin (HA), we found that 51 of the 127 possible reassortant viruses were viable and able to be rescued. Nineteen of these reassortant viruses had high-growth phenotypes in vitro, and 13 of these replicated in mouse lungs. A single reassortant with the NP and HA gene segments from CIV-H3N2 was selected for characterization in ferrets. The reassortant was efficiently transmitted by contact but not by the airborne route and was pathogenic in ferrets. Our results suggest that CIV-H3N2 reassortants may pose a moderate risk to public health and that the canine host should be monitored for emerging IAVs.IMPORTANCE IAV pandemics are caused by the introduction of novel viruses that are capable of efficient and sustained transmission into a human population with limited herd immunity. Dogs are a a potential mixing vessel for avian and mammalian IAVs and represent a human health concern due to their susceptibility to infection, large global population, and close physical contact with humans. Our results suggest that humans are likely to have limited preexisting immunity to CIV-H3N2 and that CIV-H3N2 × pdmH1N1 reassortants have moderate genetic compatibility and are transmissible by direct contact in ferrets. Our study contributes to the increasing evidence that surveillance of the canine population for IAVs is an important component of pandemic preparedness.
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Belser JA, Pulit-Penaloza JA, Sun X, Brock N, Pappas C, Creager HM, Zeng H, Tumpey TM, Maines TR. A Novel A(H7N2) Influenza Virus Isolated from a Veterinarian Caring for Cats in a New York City Animal Shelter Causes Mild Disease and Transmits Poorly in the Ferret Model. J Virol 2017; 91:e00672-17. [PMID: 28515300 PMCID: PMC5512233 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00672-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2016, a low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N2) virus was identified to be the causative source of an outbreak in a cat shelter in New York City, which subsequently spread to multiple shelters in the states of New York and Pennsylvania. One person with occupational exposure to infected cats became infected with the virus, representing the first LPAI H7N2 virus infection in a human in North America since 2003. Considering the close contact that frequently occurs between companion animals and humans, it was critical to assess the relative risk of this novel virus to public health. The virus isolated from the human case, A/New York/108/2016 (NY/108), caused mild and transient illness in ferrets and mice but did not transmit to naive cohoused ferrets following traditional or aerosol-based inoculation methods. The environmental persistence of NY/108 virus was generally comparable to that of other LPAI H7N2 viruses. However, NY/108 virus replicated in human bronchial epithelial cells with an increased efficiency compared with that of previously isolated H7N2 viruses. Furthermore, the novel H7N2 virus was found to utilize a relatively lower pH for hemagglutinin activation, similar to human influenza viruses. Our data suggest that the LPAI H7N2 virus requires further adaptation before representing a substantial threat to public health. However, the reemergence of an LPAI H7N2 virus in the northeastern United States underscores the need for continuous surveillance of emerging zoonotic influenza viruses inclusive of mammalian species, such as domestic felines, that are not commonly considered intermediate hosts for avian influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE Avian influenza viruses are capable of crossing the species barrier to infect mammals, an event of public health concern due to the potential acquisition of a pandemic phenotype. In December 2016, an H7N2 virus caused an outbreak in cats in multiple animal shelters in New York State. This was the first detection of this virus in the northeastern United States in over a decade and the first documented infection of a felid with an H7N2 virus. A veterinarian became infected following occupational exposure to H7N2 virus-infected cats, necessitating the evaluation of this virus for its capacity to cause disease in mammals. While the H7N2 virus was associated with mild illness in mice and ferrets and did not spread well between ferrets, it nonetheless possessed several markers of virulence for mammals. These data highlight the promiscuity of influenza viruses and the need for diligent surveillance across multiple species to quickly identify an emerging strain with pandemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Belser
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Joanna A Pulit-Penaloza
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nicole Brock
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Claudia Pappas
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hannah M Creager
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hui Zeng
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Terrence M Tumpey
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Taronna R Maines
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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7
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Yu Z, Sun W, Zhang X, Cheng K, Zhao C, Gao Y, Xia X. Multiple amino acid substitutions involved in the virulence enhancement of an H3N2 avian influenza A virus isolated from wild waterfowl in mice. Vet Microbiol 2017; 207:36-43. [PMID: 28757037 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Frequent emergence of low pathogenic avian influenza H3N2 viruses in the wild birds has caused concern for human health. Here, we generated mouse-adapted strains of a wild waterfowl-origin low pathogenic avian influenza H3N2 virus to identify adaptive mutations that confer enhanced virulence in mammals. The mouse lethal doses (MLD50) of the adapted strains were reduced >562-fold compared to the parental virus. Mouse-adapted strains displayed enhanced replication in vitro and in vivo, and acquired the ability to replicate in extrapulmonary tissues. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may increase the virulence of H3N2 AIVs in mice. Genomic analysis revealed mutations in the PB2 (E192K and D701N), PB1 (F269S, I475V, and L598P), HA (V242E), NA (G170R), and M1 (M192V) proteins. Our results suggest that these amino acid substitutions collaboratively enhance the ability of H3N2 avian influenza A virus to replicate and cause severe disease in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Yu
- Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250023, China.
| | - Weiyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Kaihui Cheng
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250132, China
| | - Chuqi Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Military Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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8
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Day MJ. Cats are not small dogs: is there an immunological explanation for why cats are less affected by arthropod-borne disease than dogs? Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:507. [PMID: 27646278 PMCID: PMC5028948 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that cats appear to be less frequently affected by arthropod-borne infectious diseases than dogs and share fewer zoonotic pathogens with man. This impression is supported by the relative lack of scientific publications related to feline vector-borne infections. This review explores the possible reasons for the difference between the two most common small companion animal species, including the hypothesis that cats might have a genetically-determined immunological resistance to arthropod vectors or the microparasites they transmit. A number of simple possibilities might account for the lower prevalence of these diseases in cats, including factors related to the lifestyle and behaviour of the cat, lesser spend on preventative healthcare for cats and reduced opportunities for research funding for these animals. The dog and cat have substantially similar immune system components, but differences in immune function might in part account for the markedly distinct prevalence and clinicopathological appearance of autoimmune, allergic, idiopathic inflammatory, immunodeficiency, neoplastic and infectious diseases in the two species. Cats have greater genetic diversity than dogs with much lower linkage disequilibrium in feline compared with canine breed groups. Immune function is intrinsically related to the nature of the intestinal microbiome and subtle differences between the canine and feline microbial populations might also impact on immune function and disease resistance. The reasons for the apparent lesser susceptibility of cats to arthropod-borne infectious diseases are likely to be complex, but warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Day
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford, North Somerset, BS40 5DU, UK.
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Horimoto T, Gen F, Murakami S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kato K, Hisasue M, Sakaguchi M, Nidom CA, Kawaoka Y. Cats as a potential source of emerging influenza virus infections. Virol Sin 2016; 30:221-3. [PMID: 25953615 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-015-3580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Horimoto
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan,
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10
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Möstl K, Addie DD, Boucraut-Baralon C, Egberink H, Frymus T, Gruffydd-Jones T, Hartmann K, Hosie MJ, Lloret A, Lutz H, Marsilio F, Pennisi MG, Radford AD, Thiry E, Truyen U, Horzinek MC. Something old, something new: Update of the 2009 and 2013 ABCD guidelines on prevention and management of feline infectious diseases. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17:570-82. [PMID: 26101308 PMCID: PMC11148927 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15588448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OVERVIEW The ABCD has published 34 guidelines in two Special Issues of the Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery (JFMS): the first in July 2009 (Volume 11, Issue 7, pages 527-620) and the second in July 2013 (Volume 15, Issue 7, pages 528-652). The present article contains updates and new information on 18 of these (17 disease guidelines and one special article 'Prevention of infectious diseases in cat shelters'). For detailed information, readers are referred to the guidelines published in the above-mentioned JFMS Special Issues.
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11
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Zhou H, He SY, Sun L, He H, Ji F, Sun Y, Jia K, Ning Z, Wang H, Yuan L, Zhou P, Zhang G, Li S. Serological evidence of avian influenza virus and canine influenza virus infections among stray cats in live poultry markets, China. Vet Microbiol 2014; 175:369-73. [PMID: 25575880 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
From January 2010 to January 2012, we collected sera samples from 700 stray cats living in close proximity to poultry farms or poultry markets in 4 provinces in China. A number of cats had evidence of avian and canine influenza virus infection: avian H9N2 [24 by HI ≥1:20 and 16 by microneutralization (MN) assay ≥1:80]; avian H5N1 (9 by HI ≥1:20 and 3 by MN assay ≥1:80) and canine H3N2 (32 by HI ≥1:20 and 18 by MN ≥1:80). Bivariate analyses revealed that cats sampled near live poultry markets and cats with influenza-like-illness were at increased risk of having elevated antibody titers by HI against avian H9N2, avian H5N1, or canine H3N2 viruses. Hence, cats may play a very important role in the ecology of novel influenza viruses and periodic epidemiological surveillance for novel influenza infections among stray cats could serve as an early warning system for human threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-yi He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshuang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Huamei He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxiao Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyong Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Yang X, Liu C, Liu F, Liu D, Chen Y, Zhang H, Qu L, Li Y, Xia D, Liu M. Identification and genetic characterization of avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza viruses isolated from the Liaoning province of China in 2012. Virus Genes 2014; 49:342-7. [PMID: 24928168 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-014-1092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A total of 158 serum samples and 510 nasal swab specimens were collected between September 2010 and May 2012, from dogs exhibiting respiratory symptoms, in order to investigate the epidemiology of H3N2 canine influenza viruses (CIVs) in the Liaoning province of China. Serological surveillance demonstrated that 10.8 % (17/158) of serum samples were positive for H3N2 canine influenza. Two H3N2 influenza viruses, A/canine/Liaoning/27/2012 and A/canine/Liaoning/H6/2012, were isolated from pet dogs in 2012. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the genes from these two viruses were closely related to those of avian-origin, H3N2 subtype CIVs from China and Thailand. Genetic analysis of eight genes revealed that these two H3N2 canine influenza isolates were highly similar (99.2-99.8 %) to the current common strains in Asia. Analysis of the genotype demonstrated that each gene of the two strains in this study had the same genotype (K, G, E, 3B, F, 2D, F, 1E) as those prevalent in H3N2 CIVs. Our findings further confirm that avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza has become established in China. Conducting extensive serological and epidemiological surveillance is necessary to develop an effective vaccine against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Yang
- Haikou Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Haikou, 570102, China
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Petridis D, Zarogoulidis P, Kallianos A, Kioumis I, Trakada G, Spyratos D, Papaiwannou A, Porpodis K, Huang H, Rapti A, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Zarogoulidis K. Clinical differences between H3N2 and H1N1 influenza 2012 and lower respiratory tract infection found using a statistical classification approach. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2014; 10:77-86. [PMID: 24532970 PMCID: PMC3923611 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s57429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 are two influenza waves that have been identified in past years. Methods Data from 77 inpatients from three tertiary hospitals were included and statistical analysis was performed in three different clusters. Results Thirty-four patients (44.2%) had respiratory distress upon admission, 31.2% had a smoking history or were active smokers, 37.7% manifested disease symptoms, and 7.8% were obese (body mass index >41). The mean age of patients was 51.1 years. Cough was the most common symptom observed in 77.9% of the patients, accompanied by sputum production (51.9%) and fatigue (42.9%). Hemoptysis and vomiting were rarely recorded in the patients (9.1% and 16.9%, respectively). Oseltamivir administration varied between 0 and 10 days, giving a mean value of 2.2 days. In particular, 19 patients received no drug, 31 patients received drug for only for 1 day, 19 patients for 5 days, and 8 patients from 2 to 10 days. Conclusion Clusters of symptoms can be used to identify different types of influenza and disease severity. Patients with vaccination had pneumonia, whereas patients without vaccination had influenza A. Patients more than 54.5 years old had H3N2 and patients less than 54.5 years had H1N1. White blood cell count values increased from normal to elevated in H3N2 patients but still remained abnormal in lower tract infection and H1N1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Petridis
- Department of Food Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; Department of Interventional Pneumology, Ruhrlandklinik, West German Lung Center, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ioannis Kioumis
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Trakada
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Division of Pneumonology, Medical School, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Spyratos
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonis Papaiwannou
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Haidong Huang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aggeliki Rapti
- 2nd Pulmonary Department, "Sotiria" Hospital for Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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