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Wu X, Ge J, Song G, Liu Y, Gao P, Tian T, Li X, Xu J, Chu Y, Zheng F. The GE296_RS03820 and GE296_RS03830 genes are involved in capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Riemerella anatipestifer. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23763. [PMID: 38954404 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302694rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer is a pathogenic bacterium that causes duck serositis and meningitis, leading to significant harm to the duck industry. To escape from the host immune system, the meningitis-causing bacteria must survive and multiply in the bloodstream, relying on specific virulence factors such as capsules. Therefore, it is essential to study the genes involved in capsule biosynthesis in R. anatipestifer. In this study, we successfully constructed gene deletion mutants Δ3820 and Δ3830, targeting the GE296_RS03820 and GE296_RS03830 genes, respectively, using the RA-LZ01 strain as the parental strain. The growth kinetics analysis revealed that these two genes contribute to bacterial growth. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) and silver staining showed that Δ3820 and Δ3830 produced the altered capsules and compounds of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). Serum resistance test showed the mutants also exhibited reduced C3b deposition and decreased resistance serum killing. In vivo, Δ3820 and Δ3830 exhibited markedly declining capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier, compared to RA-LZ01. These findings indicate that the GE296_RS03820 and GE296_RS03830 genes are involved in CPSs biosynthesis and play a key role in the pathogenicity of R. anatipestifer. Furthermore, Δ3820 and Δ3830 mutants presented a tendency toward higher survival rates from RA-LZ01 challenge in vivo. Additionally, sera from ducklings immunized with the mutants showed cross-immunoreactivity with different serotypes of R. anatipestifer, including 1, 2, 7 and 10. Western blot and SDS-PAGE assays revealed that the altered CPSs of Δ3820 and Δ3830 resulted in the exposure of some conserved proteins playing the key role in the cross-immunoreactivity. Our study clearly demonstrated that the GE296_RS03820 and GE296_RS03830 genes are involved in CPS biosynthesis in R. anatipestifer and the capsule is a target for attenuation in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guodong Song
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yijian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tongtong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Zhang C, Wang L, Zhao Q, Hou G, Sun X, An R, Li H, Zhu S, Shi Q, Zhang Z. Research Note: Antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of geese-derived Riemerella anatipestifer isolated from eastern regions of Hebei Province, China. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103517. [PMID: 38350391 PMCID: PMC10874709 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer) can cause serositis in multiple poultry species, resulting in significant losses. Although R. anatipestifer-caused infections in ducks have been well established, the literature about this disease in geese is rare. Here, we isolated and identified 56 strains of R. anatipestifer from the eastern regions of Hebei Province, China, and further determined their serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity. A total of 75 strains of causative bacteria were isolated from 70 sick geese with serositis. After Gram staining microscopy, PCR, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, 56 isolates were identified as members of R. anatipestifer and 19 as Escherichia coli (E. coli). The results of serotyping showed that there were 4 serotypes prevalent in the isolate, including serotype 1 (37/56), serotype 2 (9/56), serotype 11 (8/56), and serotype 13 (2/56). The results of antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that all 56 R. anatipestifer isolates showed varying degrees of multidrug resistance (MDR). A total of 10 antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) were determined in these isolates. Four isolates of different serotypes were selected for pathogenicity examination, and all were able to reproduce serositis-like symptoms in 15-day-old goslings, with neurological symptoms and a 100% mortality rate. Hemorrhagic congestion of the brain tissue, steatosis of the hepatocytes, and disorganization of some cardiac myofibers were observed in R. anatipestifer-infected geese. All these findings will contribute to our insights into the prevalence characteristics, antibiotic resistance profile, and pathogenicity of R. anatipestifer infection in geese in eastern Hebei Province and provide scientific guidance for the treatment and control of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Guanxin Hou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Rui An
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Hong Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Siping Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Qiumei Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China.
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Lyu Z, Han S, Li J, Guo Z, Geng N, Lyu C, Qin L, Li N. Epidemiological investigation and drug resistance characteristics of Riemerella anatipestifer strains from large-scale duck farms in Shandong Province, China from March 2020 to March 2022. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102759. [PMID: 37209657 PMCID: PMC10209456 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious serositis is a common disease caused by Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer) in ducks, characterized by respiratory distress, septicemia, and neurological symptoms. In this study, 1,020 samples (brain and liver) were collected from ducks with suspected R. anatipestifer infection from March 2020 to March 2022 in Shandong Province, of which 171 R. anatipestifer strains were identified by PCR and isolation culture. The serotype of all strains was analyzed, and 74 strains were subjected to drug sensitivity tests and drug resistance genes detection. The results showed that the overall prevalence rate of R. anatipestifer in Shandong Province was 16.7% (171/1,020), with most strains coming from brain samples of ducklings under 3-mo old collected from September to December each year. Histopathological examination showed that heart vessels of the diseased duck were highly dilated and filled with red blood cells, with obvious fibrin exudates outside the pericardium, and fatty degeneration of liver cells. There were 45 strains of serotype 1, 45 strains of serotype 2, 2 strains of serotype 4, 33 strains of serotype 6, 44 strains of serotype 7, and 2 strains of serotype 10. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10 common antibiotics against 74 representative strains was determined by the agar dilution method. It was found that 74 strains had the most severe resistance to gentamicin (77%) and fully susceptible to ceftriaxone, but the 81.1% isolated strains were multidrug resistant. Resistance genes testing of 74 R. anatipestifers showed that tetracycline resistance gene tet X had the highest detection rate of 95.9%, followed by macrolide resistance gene ermF with 77%, and the rate of β-lactam resistance gene blaTEM is the lowest (10.8%). The animal experiment of 4 R. anatipestifer strains with different serotypes showed that they had strong pathogenicity to 7-day-old ducklings, which could cause nervous symptoms, and the mortality rate was 58% to 70%. The autopsy showed obvious pathological changes. These findings of this study on R. anatipestifer will help us to understand the latest prevalence, drug resistance characteristics, and pathogenicity of R. anatipestifer in Shandong, China, and provide a scientific guide for the treatment and control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Lyu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanshan Han
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Livestock & Poultry Pathogen Biotechnology, Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhiyun Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ningwei Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuang Lyu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Livestock & Poultry Pathogen Biotechnology, Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liting Qin
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Livestock & Poultry Pathogen Biotechnology, Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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Zheng X, Xu S, Wang Z, Tao X, Liu Y, Dai L, Li Y, Zhang W. Sifting through the core-genome to identify putative cross-protective antigens against Riemerella anatipestifer. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3085-3098. [PMID: 36941438 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12479-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Infectious serositis of ducks, caused by Riemerella anatipestifer, is one of the main infectious diseases that harm commercial ducks. Whole-strain-based vaccines with no or few cross-protection were observed between different serotypes of R. anatipestifer, and so far, control of infection is hampered by a lack of effective vaccines, especially subunit vaccines with cross-protection. Since the concept of reverse vaccinology was introduced, it has been widely used to screen for protective antigens in important pathogens. In this study, pan-genome binding reverse vaccinology, an emerging approach to vaccine candidate screening, was used to screen for cross-protective antigens against R. anatipestifer. Thirty proteins were identified from the core-genome as potential cross-protective antigens. Three of these proteins were recombinantly expressed, and their immunoreactivity with five antisera (anti-serotypes 1, 2, 6, 10, and 11) was demonstrated by Western blotting. Our study established a method for high-throughput screening of cross-protective antigens against R. anatipestifer in silico, which will lay the foundation for the development of a cross-protective subunit vaccine controlling R. anatipestifer infection. KEY POINTS: • Pan-genome binding reverse vaccine approach was first established in R. anatipestifer to screen for subunit vaccine candidates. • Thirty potential cross-protective antigens against R. anatipestifer were identified by this method. • The reliability of the method was verified preliminarily by the results of Western blotting of three of these potential antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkuan Zheng
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Sanya, 572024, China
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
- OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sixiang Xu
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Sanya, 572024, China
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
- OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhuohao Wang
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Sanya, 572024, China
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
- OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingyu Tao
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Sanya, 572024, China
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
- OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250100, China
| | - Lei Dai
- Hainan Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, 16 Xingdan Road, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Sanya, 572024, China.
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Wang J, Chen Y, He X, Du X, Gao Y, Shan X, Hu Z, Hu Q. PaR1 secreted by the type IX secretion system is a protective antigen of Riemerella anatipestifer. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1082712. [PMID: 36713192 PMCID: PMC9874225 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1082712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer mainly infects domestic ducks, geese, turkeys, and other birds, and causes considerable economic losses to the global duck industry. Previous studies have shown that concentrated cell-free culture filtrates of R. anatipestifer induce highly significant protection against homologous challenge. In this study, 12 immunogenic proteins were identified in the culture supernatant of R. anatipestifer strain Yb2 with immunoproteomic analysis. Of these, three immunogenic proteins, AS87_RS06600 (designated "PaR1" in this study), AS87_RS09020, and AS87_RS09965, which appeared in more than three spots on the western-blotted membrane, were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Animal experiments showed that the recombinant PaR1 (rPaR1) protein protected 41.67% of immunized ducklings against challenge with virulent Yb2, whereas rAS87_RS09020 or rAS87_RS09965 did not, and that ducklings immunized once with rPaR1 were 20, 40, and 0% protected from challenge with R. anatipestifer strains WJ4 (serotype 1), Yb2 (serotype 2), and HXb2 (serotype 10), respectively. In addition, rPaR1 immunized rabbit serum showed bactericidal activity against strain Yb2 at a titer of 1:8. These results indicate that rPaR1 of strain Yb2 protects against homologous challenge. Amino acid homology analysis show that PaR1 is a non-serotype-specific protein among different R. anatipestifer serotypes. Furthermore, PaR1 is mainly secreted outside the cell through the T9SS. Overall, our results demonstrate that R. anatipestifer PaR1 is a non-serotype-specific protective protein secreted by the T9SS.
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Guo G, Qin S, Kong X, Wang Z, Shen Y, Huo X, Zhang W. Identification of novel fibronectin-binding proteins by 2D-far Western blot in atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O55:H7. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104682. [PMID: 33296715 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) is a subgroup of EPEC, which is one of the major pathogens responsible for fatal diarrhoea in children. Compared with typical EPEC (tEPEC), aEPEC lack an EAF (EPEC adherence factor) plasmid (pEAF), which encodes a series of virulence-associated genes. The extracellular matrix (ECM) component of human cells has been reported to be an important element in the interaction between host and bacterial pathogens. In this research, a 2D-Far Western blot method was performed to identifiy the bacterial proteins that could bind to fibronectin, one of the most common constituents of ECM. A total of 17 protein spots were identified, including 4 outer membrane proteins (OMPs), namely, OmpC, OmpD, OmpX and LamB. In vitro studies were used to determine whether these OMPs were involved in the adherence process. Through indirect immunofluorescence assays, four OMPs could be observed on the surfaces of host cells. After incubating the cells with the recombinant proteins, the adhesion rate of the O55:H7 isolate was decreased. Furthermore, the deletion of OmpX and LamB can also decrease the adhesion rate of WT. Taken together, a high-throughput screening method for host ECM-binding proteins based on 2D Far-Western blot was established, and four outer membrane proteins identified by this method were found to be involved in the adherence process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genglin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Si Qin
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xuewei Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhuohao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yun Shen
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiang Huo
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China; OIE Reference Lab for Swine Streptococcosis, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Fernandez-Colorado CP, Cammayo PLT, Flores RA, Nguyen BT, Kim WH, Kim S, Lillehoj HS, Min W. Anti-inflammatory activity of diindolylmethane alleviates Riemerella anatipestifer infection in ducks. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242198. [PMID: 33175869 PMCID: PMC7657562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
3,3’-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is found in cruciferous vegetables and is used to treat various inflammatory diseases because of its potential anti-inflammatory effects. To investigate effects of DIM in Riemerella anatipestifer-infected ducks which induce upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, ducks were treated orally with DIM at dose of 200 mg/kg/day and infected the following day with R. anatipestifer. Infected and DIM-treated ducks exhibited 14% increased survival rate and significantly decreased bacterial burden compared to infected untreated ducks. Next, the effect on the expression level of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-17A, IL-17F, IL-6, IL-1β) of both in vitro and in vivo DIM-treated groups was monitored by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Generally, the expression levels of the cytokines were significantly reduced in DIM-treated splenic lymphocytes stimulated with killed R. anatipestifer compared to stimulated untreated splenic lymphocytes. Similarly, the expression levels of the cytokines were significantly reduced in the spleens and livers of DIM-treated R. anatipestifer–infected ducks compared to infected untreated ducks. This study demonstrated the ameliorative effects of DIM in ducks infected with R. anatipestifer. Thus, DIM can potentially be used to prevent and/or treat R. anatipestifer infection via inhibition of inflammatory cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry P. Fernandez-Colorado
- Department of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Paula Leona T. Cammayo
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Rochelle A. Flores
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Binh T. Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo H. Kim
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Suk Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun S. Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Wongi Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Han W, Chen Z, Niu P, Ren X, Ding C, Yu S. Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for rapid detection of Riemerella anatipestifer in ducks. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4741-4749. [PMID: 32988508 PMCID: PMC7598101 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer is one of the major bacterial pathogens of ducks and causes significant economic losses in poultry agriculture. Usually, methods for detecting R. anatipestifer infection need specialized equipment and highly skilled personnel. In this study, a novel colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip was developed for rapid detection of R. anatipestifer in ducks. The monoclonal antibodies 2D5 and 2A6 against R. anatipestifer were used as colloidal gold-labeled protein and capture protein, respectively, to recognize the bacteria in tryptic soy broth medium culture and in hearts of infected ducks. The goat anti-mouse IgG antibody was labeled on nitrocellulose membrane as a control for C line. The labeling pH was optimized as 10.0, and the concentration of 2D5 labeled to colloidal gold particles was optimized as 18 μg/mL. The strip specifically detected serotypes 1, 2, and 10 R. anatipestifer strains and showed no cross-reaction with Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Pasteurella multocida strains. The sensitivity of the strip for detecting R. anatipestifer was 1.0 × 106 colony forming unit. The strips remained stable for up to 8 mo at 4°C, and the detection can be completed within 15 min. The strip can detect R. anatipestifer in hearts of the ducks experimentally infected with R. anatipestifer but not infected with E. coli, which were also confirmed with bacterial isolation followed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. These results suggested that the strips are reliable methods for identification of R. anatipestifer in laboratories and in duck farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Zongchao Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Niu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Ren
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China; Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Veterinary Bio-pharmaceutical, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Evaluation of the protective immunity of Riemerella anatipestifer OmpA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:1273-1281. [PMID: 31865436 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer is responsible for an economically important disease of commercially raised ducks. No or only few cross-protection was observed between different serotypes of R. anatipestifer strains, and so far no protective antigen in this bacterium has been identified. OmpA is a predominant immunogenic protein of R. anatipestifer, and within the 1467 bp ompA ORF (ompA1467), there is another 1164 bp ORF (ompA1164) with the same C-terminal. In this study, our results showed that the full sequence of ompA1467 from some R. anatipestifer strains with different serotypes shared the same amino acid sequence. Animal experiments showed that the soluble recombinant protein rOmpA1164, but not rOmpA1467, could provide partial protective immunity against challenge. Moreover, there was no significant difference in protective immunity between ducklings immunized with Th4△ompA bacterin and those immunized with Th4 bacterin. In addition, OmpA1467 was the main existing form of OmpA in R. anatipestifer cells by gel electrophoresis and western blot analyses. The results suggested that OmpA1467 was not a protective antigen of R. anatipestifer, and antibodies against proteins other than OmpA play a critical role in the process of anti-R. anatipestifer infection.
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10
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Chen Q, Gong X, Zheng F, Ji G, Li S, Stipkovits L, Szathmary S, Liu Y. Interplay Between the Phenotype and Genotype, and Efflux Pumps in Drug-Resistant Strains of Riemerella anatipestifer. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2136. [PMID: 30327640 PMCID: PMC6174861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of multidrug-resistant strains of Riemerella anatipestifer continues to increase, and new strategies for the treatment of associated infections are necessary. Recently, numerous studies have shown that efflux pumps (EPs) play key roles in universal bacterial mechanisms that contribute to antibiotic resistance. In addition, studies have shown that the effects of antibiotics that are subjected to efflux can be reinforced by their combined use with efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). Unfortunately, the role of the efflux system in R. anatipestifer remains barely understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of EPs and resistance genes in the resistance generated by clinical strains of R. anatipestifer to antibiotics. A set of 10 R. anatipestifer strains were characterized by drug resistance, associated resistance genes, and antibiotic profiles in the presence and absence of EPIs. Efflux activity was studied on a real time basis through a fluorometric method. Quantification of the levels of mRNA transcription of efflux pump genes (EPGs) was determined by RT-qPCR. Several approaches (detection of resistance genes, drug susceptibility testing, and growth kinetics analysis) were used to assess the correlation between the effect of the EPIs and the resistance levels. Analysis of the R. anatipestifer growth inhibition tests showed that the antibiotic activity was enhanced by the synergy of EPIs. Among the various resistance genes that confer antibiotic resistance, different minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were observed. The different levels of resistance were reduced by EPIs. Real time fluorometry showed that all the R. anatipestifer strains presented inherent efflux activity, conferring varying levels of inhibition in the presence of EPIs. Moreover, 15 EPGs were overexpressed in the presence of antibiotics. The addition of EPIs to antibiotics led to downregulation in the expression of some EPGs and a simultaneous increase in drug resistance and sensitivity. These results demonstrated the contribution of these EPs in the resistant phenotype of the clinical strains of R. anatipestifer that are under investigation, independently of the resistant genotype of the respective strains. Intrinsic efflux activity was possibly linked to the evolution of resistance in multidrug-resistant isolates of R. anatipestifer. Furthermore, the inhibition of EPs by EPIs could enhance the clinical effects of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengdou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | | | | | - Yongsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Threshold level of Riemerella anatipestifer crossing blood-brain barrier and expression profiles of immune-related proteins in blood and brain tissue from infected ducks. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 200:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Phonvisay M, Liou JJ, Cheng LT, Chen YP, Wu HC, Liu CH, Lee JW, Chu CY. SURVEY OF ARIEMERELLA ANATIPESTIFEROUTBREAK IN SOUTHERN TAIWAN DUCK FARMS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1682648516500013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A septicemic outbreak in southern Taiwan duck farms in 2014 resulted in high mortality of ducklings. Samples from oral or cloacal sites of affected Muscovy and Pekin ducks were collected and the identity of the field isolates was confirmed using Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) 16S rRNA and outer membrane protein A (OmpA)-specific primers in polymerase chain reactions (PCR), with 15 isolates found positive for both 16S rRNA and OmpA. Detection of both the 16S rRNA and OmpA genes could be a rapid PCR test for RA. Serotyping of the isolates using gel-diffusion precipitin test identified serotypes 1, 4, 6, 17, and 19 while a number of isolates were unidentifiable. Sequence analysis of the OmpA gene found high identity (99.0–99.7%) among isolates in Taiwan. These results indicate that RA remains as a significant cause of duck septicemic disease in southern Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Phonvisay
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Jhong-Jie Liou
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ping Chen
- Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 25158, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chieh Wu
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Wei Lee
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chu
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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13
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Zhang Q, Wan C, Li C, Bai X, Liu M, Liu S, Zhang Y. Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR for rapid detection of Riemerella Anatipestifer infection in birds. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:2057-2062. [PMID: 28781328 PMCID: PMC5745191 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To establish an accurate, rapid, and a quantifiable method for the detection of
Riemerella anatipestifer infection, a widespread infectious disease in
birds, we developed a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay by using DtxR
gene-specific primers and a TaqMan probe. The standard curve established with a linear
correlation (R2) of 0.998 and efficiency of 99% between the Ct
value and the logarithm of the plasmid copy number. The reproducibility and specificity of
the real-time PCR assay were confirmed by using plasmids containing DtxR
genes or DNAs extracted from well-known bacteria or viruses causing duck diseases. The
real-time PCR assay was 100 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR. The results
reveal that the established real-time PCR assay might be a useful method for diagnosis and
quantitative detection of Riemerella anatipestifer in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chunhe Wan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
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14
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Yi L, Wang Y, Ma Z, Lin HX, Xu B, Grenier D, Fan HJ, Lu CP. Identification and characterization of a Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus immunogenic GroEL protein involved in biofilm formation. Vet Res 2016; 47:50. [PMID: 27089967 PMCID: PMC4834820 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (S. equi spp. zooepidemicus) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes major economic losses in the swine industry in China and is also a threat for human health. Biofilm formation by this bacterium has been previously reported. In this study, we used an immunoproteomic approach to search for immunogenic proteins expressed by biofilm-grown S. equi spp. zooepidemicus. Seventeen immunoreactive proteins were found, of which nine common immunoreactive proteins were identified in planktonic and biofilm-grown bacteria. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the S. equi spp. zooepidemicus immunoreactive GroEL chaperone protein was further investigated in mice. The protein was expressed in vivo and elicited high antibody titers following S. equi spp. zooepidemicus infections of mice. An animal challenge experiment with S. equi spp. zooepidemicus showed that 75% of mice immunized with the GroEL protein were protected. Using in vitro biofilm inhibition assays, evidence was obtained that the chaperonin GroEL may represent a promising target for the prevention and treatment of persistent S. equi spp. zooepidemicus biofilm infections. In summary, our results suggest that the recombinant GroEL protein, which is involved in biofilm formation, may efficiently stimulate an immune response, which protects against S. equi spp. zooepidemicus infections. It may therefore be a candidate of interest to be included in vaccines against S. equi spp. zooepidemicus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yi
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Xing Lin
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche En Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Hong-Jie Fan
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Cheng-Ping Lu
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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15
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da Costa JP, Carvalhais V, Ferreira R, Amado F, Vilanova M, Cerca N, Vitorino R. Proteome signatures—how are they obtained and what do they teach us? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Hou W, Wang S, Wang X, Han X, Fan H, Cao S, Yue J, Wang Q, Jiang W, Ding C, Yu S. Development of colloidal gold immunochromatographic strips for detection of Riemerella anatipestifer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122952. [PMID: 25822983 PMCID: PMC4378999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer is one of the most important bacterial pathogen of ducks and causes a contagious septicemia. R. anatipestifer infection causes serositis syndromes similar to other bacterial infections in ducks, including infection by Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Pasteurella multocida. Clinically differentiating R. anatipestifer infections from other bacterial pathogen infections is usually difficult. In this study, MAb 1G2F10, a monoclonal antibody against R. anatipestifer GroEL, was used to develop a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip. Colloidal gold particles were prepared by chemical synthesis to an average diameter of 20 ± 5.26 nm by transmission electron microscope imaging. MAb 1G2F10 was conjugated to colloidal gold particles and the formation of antibody-colloidal gold conjugates was monitored by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Immunochromatographic strips were assembled in regular sequence through different accessories sticked on PVC plate. Strips specifically detected R. anatipestifer within 10 min, but did not detect E. coli, S. enterica and P. multocida. The detection limit for R. anatipestifer was 1 × 10(6) colony forming units, which was 500 times higher than a conventional agglutination test. Accuracy was 100% match to multiplex PCR. Assay stability and reproducibility were excellent after storage at 4°C for 6 months. The immunochromatographic strips prepared in this study offer a specific, sensitive, and rapid detection method for R. anatipestifer, which is of great importance for the prevention and control of R. anatipestifer infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Hou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongjie Fan
- Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shoulin Cao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiaping Yue
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
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17
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Development of a subunit vaccine containing recombinant Riemerella anatipestifer outer membrane protein A and CpG ODN adjuvant. Vaccine 2014; 33:92-9. [PMID: 25448104 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer, a Gram-negative bacillus, causes septicemia that can result in high mortality for ducklings. In this study, we evaluated the immune response and protective efficacy provided by a subunit vaccine containing recombinant outer membrane protein A (rOmpA) and plasmid constructs containing CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). Results showed that CpG ODN enhanced both humoral and cell-mediated immunity elicited by rOmpA as early as two weeks after primary immunization. When compared to ducks immunized with rOmpA, ducks immunized with rOmpA+CpG ODN showed higher levels (p<0.05) of antibody titer, T cell proliferation, and percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The relative fold inductions of mRNA expression of Th1-type (IFN-γ and IL-12), and Th2-type (IL-6) cytokines in PBMCs isolated from ducks immunized with rOmpA+CpG ODN were significantly higher than those of the rOmpA group. Homologous challenge result showed that the rOmpA+CpG ODN vaccine reduced the pathological score by 90% in comparison with the saline control. In conclusion, our study found that CpG ODN can enhance both humoral and cellular immunity elicited by a rOmpA vaccine. The rOmpA+CpG ODN vaccine can be further developed as a subunit vaccine against R. anatipestifer.
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18
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Wang X, Liu W, Zhu D, Yang L, Liu M, Yin S, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Sun K, Cheng A, Chen X. Comparative genomics of Riemerella anatipestifer reveals genetic diversity. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:479. [PMID: 24935762 PMCID: PMC4103989 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Riemerella anatipestifer is one of the most important pathogens of ducks. However, the molecular mechanisms of R. anatipestifer infection are poorly understood. In particular, the lack of genomic information from a variety of R. anatipestifer strains has proved severely limiting. RESULTS In this study, we present the complete genomes of two R. anatipestifer strains, RA-CH-1 (2,309,519 bp, Genbank accession CP003787) and RA-CH-2 (2,166,321 bp, Genbank accession CP004020). Both strains are from isolates taken from two different sick ducks in the SiChuang province of China. A comparative genomics approach was used to identify similarities and key differences between RA-CH-1 and RA-CH-2 and the previously sequenced strain RA-GD, a clinical isolate from GuangDong, China, and ATCC11845. CONCLUSION The genomes of RA-CH-2 and RA-GD were extremely similar, while RA-CH-1 was significantly different than ATCC11845. RA-CH-1 is 140,000 bp larger than the three other strains and has 16 unique gene families. Evolutionary analysis shows that RA-CH-1 and RA-CH-2 are closed and in a branch with ATCC11845, while RA-GD is located in another branch. Additionally, the detection of several iron/heme-transport related proteins and motility mechanisms will be useful in elucidating factors important in pathogenicity. This information will allow a better understanding of the phenotype of different R. anatipestifer strains and molecular mechanisms of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - MingShu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, 46# Xinkang Road, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, P,R, China.
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19
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Yang Y, Gu C, Liao Y, Luo Q, Hu X, Zhang W, Shao H, Cheng G. Protein expressions and their immunogenicity from Riemerella anatipestifer cultured in iron restriction medium. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65901. [PMID: 23755292 PMCID: PMC3670913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer was cultured in both iron restriction media and normal media. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis identified 23 proteins that significantly increased in the iron restriction media. Of them 12 proteins were analyzed with mass spectrography. Nine of 12 proteins belong to 6 different protein families: fibronectin type iii domain protein, secreted subtilase family protein, phosphoglycerate kinase, translation elongation factor, leucine-rich repeat-containing protein, and Galactose-binding domain-like protein. Other 3 proteins were novel with unknown function. Two novel proteins (Riean_1750 and Riean_1752) were expressed in prokaryotic expression systems. The specificities of these 2 novel proteins to R. anatipestifer were confirmed by western-blotting analysis. The ducks immunized with either protein had low mortality challenged by R. anatipestifer, 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively. The ducks developed 100% immunity when immunized with combined Riean_1750 and Riean_1752 proteins. The data suggested 2 novel proteins play important roles in the bacterial survival in the iron restricted environment. They could be used as subunit vaccines of R. anatipestifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changqin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghong Liao
- Institute of Animal Science, Academy of Agricultural Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingping Luo
- Institute of Animal Science, Academy of Agricultural Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanpo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huabin Shao
- Institute of Animal Science, Academy of Agricultural Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (HS); (GC)
| | - Guofu Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (HS); (GC)
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