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Li Y, Niu J, Liu Y, Dai Y, Ni H, Wang J, Fang R, Ye C. Genomic Sequencing and Analysis of Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus Type 2 Provides Evidence for Recombination within the Prevalent Chinese Strains. Vet Sci 2024; 11:248. [PMID: 38921995 PMCID: PMC11209414 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the clinical cases of ENTV-2 infection have increased and become prevalent in several provinces of China. In this study, we reported the occurrence of ENTV-2 in one goat farm in Chongqing, southwest China. The complete genome of an emerged ENTV-2 isolate (designated as CQ2) was sequenced with 7468 bp in length. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ENTV-2 consisted of two main lineages. Lineage 1 was composed of Chinese strains and could be subdivided into five sublineages. CQ2 and the other six recent isolates from China were clustered in sublineage 1.5; however, CQ2 was significantly different from the other six isolates. Furthermore, recombination analysis suggested that CQ2 might be a recombinant variant derived from sublineage 1.5 and sublineage 1.2 strains, with the recombination region in areas of pro and pol genes. In conclusion, we sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of a potential ENTV-2 recombinant, which may contribute to our understanding of the genetic variation and evolution of ENTV-2 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Jingyi Niu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Yiyu Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Yu Dai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Hongbo Ni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (J.N.); (Y.L.); (Y.D.); (R.F.)
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Jamil A, Yu Z, Wang Y, Xin Q, Gao S, Abdul Wahab M, Han X, Chen Z. Tick-borne Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Theileria, and enzootic nasal tumor virus in ruminant, PET, and poultry animals in Pakistan. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359492. [PMID: 38596373 PMCID: PMC11002113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pakistan is an agricultural country; most of its income is based on livestock rearing. The increasing prevalence of tick-borne pathogens among animals may affect the animal production and livelihood of owners, which eventually derange the economy of a country. Methodology To further comprehend TBPs, 213 ticks were collected from different animals, including ruminants, pets, and poultry. After molecular and phylogenetic analysis identification, ticks were managed into different pools based on their species level (Hyalomma anatolicum = 80, Rhipicephalus microplus = 35, Hyalomma scupense = 23, Rhipicephalus turanicus = 70, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus = 5). Results and discussion After tick species identification, further molecular PCR amplification was carried out to screen out the pathogens for the presence of Theileria, Rickettsia, Anaplasma, and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV). The following pathogens were detected: 11 (5.16%) for Anaplasma, 1 (0.47%) for Rickettsia, and 9 (4.23%) for Theileria. Nevertheless, other TBPs that had not been reported so far in Pakistan 3 (1.41%), were positive for enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV). Besides, phylogenetic analysis of the enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) strain confirmed its resemblance to the Chinese strain, while Anaplasma has comparability with Pakistan and China, Rickettsia with Pakistan, China, and Iran, and Theileria with India, South Africa, United States, Japan, and Spain. Conclusion This study reveals that there is a considerably wider range of TBPs held in Pakistan that take in various contagious zoonotic pathogens than was previously thought. This information advances TBP epidemiology and will contribute to upgrade future control measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjum Jamil
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Xin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sun University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Abdul Wahab
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaohu Han
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sun University, Guangzhou, China
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Mouse Mammary Tumour Virus (MMTV) in Human Breast Cancer—The Value of Bradford Hill Criteria. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040721. [PMID: 35458452 PMCID: PMC9028876 DOI: 10.3390/v14040721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For many decades, the betaretrovirus, mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV), has been a causal suspect for human breast cancer. In recent years, substantial new evidence has been developed. Based on this evidence, we hypothesise that MMTV has a causal role. We have used an extended version of the classic A. Bradford Hill causal criteria to assess the evidence. 1. Identification of MMTV in human breast cancers: The MMTV 9.9 kb genome in breast cancer cells has been identified. The MMTV genome in human breast cancer is up to 98% identical to MMTV in mice. 2. Epidemiology: The prevalence of MMTV positive human breast cancer is about 35 to 40% of breast cancers in Western countries and 15 to 20% in China and Japan. 3. Strength of the association between MMTV and human breast cancer: Consistency—MMTV env gene sequences are consistently five-fold higher in human breast cancer as compared to benign and normal breast controls. 4. Temporality (timing) of the association: MMTV has been identified in benign and normal breast tissues up to 10 years before the development of MMTV positive breast cancer in the same patient. 5. Exposure: Exposure of humans to MMTV leads to development of MMTV positive human breast cancer. 6. Experimental evidence: MMTVs can infect human breast cells in culture; MMTV proteins are capable of malignantly transforming normal human breast epithelial cells; MMTV is a likely cause of biliary cirrhosis, which suggests a link between MMTV and the disease in humans. 7. Coherence—analogy: The life cycle and biology of MMTV in humans is almost the same as in experimental and feral mice. 8. MMTV Transmission: MMTV has been identified in human sputum and human milk. Cereals contaminated with mouse fecal material may transmit MMTV. These are potential means of transmission. 9. Biological plausibility: Retroviruses are the established cause of human cancers. Human T cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-1) causes adult T cell leukaemia, and human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) is associated with lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma. 10. Oncogenic mechanisms: MMTV oncogenesis in humans probably differs from mice and may involve the enzyme APOBEC3B. Conclusion: In our view, the evidence is compelling that MMTV has a probable causal role in a subset of approximately 40% of human breast cancers.
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Diesler R, Turpin J, Leroux C. Pouvoir transformant du Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus en contexte enzootique. Rev Mal Respir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
A large, firm, multi-cystic mammary gland mass grew slowly over 4 y in a 12-y-old, female Finn-Shetland cross sheep. A diagnosis of epithelial malignancy was suspected following fine-needle aspiration cytology at 30 mo after initial observation. The sheep was euthanized when the flock was downsized 18 mo later. A field postmortem examination revealed a large mammary mass, but an absence of metastases to internal organs. Imprint cytology of the mammary tissue supported a benign proliferative process. Histologically, mammary tissue was obliterated by cystic, tubular, and papillary adenomatous arrangements of mammary epithelium, with an anaplastic component, consistent with mammary carcinoma arising in an adenoma. IHC showed strong nuclear positivity to the antibody against progesterone receptor and minimal positivity to the antibody against estrogen receptor alpha expression. Intrinsic subtyping for basal or luminal epithelial origin was attempted through adaptation of companion animal IHC classification panels; high- and low-molecular-weight cytokeratins (CK5, CK8, CK18) failed to stain, but p63 expression for basal epithelium was positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley J. Newman
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary
Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY
| | - Stephen A. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology,
Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kurt Zimmerman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology,
Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
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Helke KL, Meyerholz DK, Beck AP, Burrough ER, Derscheid RJ, Löhr C, McInnes EF, Scudamore CL, Brayton CF. Research Relevant Background Lesions and Conditions: Ferrets, Dogs, Swine, Sheep, and Goats. ILAR J 2021; 62:133-168. [PMID: 33712827 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models provide a valuable tool and resource for biomedical researchers as they investigate biological processes, disease pathogenesis, novel therapies, and toxicologic studies. Interpretation of animal model data requires knowledge not only of the processes/diseases being studied but also awareness of spontaneous conditions and background lesions in the model that can influence or even confound the study results. Species, breed/stock, sex, age, anatomy, physiology, diseases (noninfectious and infectious), and neoplastic processes are model features that can impact the results as well as study interpretation. Here, we review these features in several common laboratory animal species, including ferret, dog (beagle), pig, sheep, and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi L Helke
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Amanda P Beck
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Eric R Burrough
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Christiane Löhr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Elizabeth F McInnes
- Toxicologic Pathology, Toxicology Section, Human Safety at Syngenta, in Jealott's Hill, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl L Scudamore
- ExePathology, Pathologist at ExePathology, Exmouth, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Cory F Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Neoplasia-Associated Wasting Diseases with Economic Relevance in the Sheep Industry. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020381. [PMID: 33546178 PMCID: PMC7913119 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We review three neoplastic wasting diseases affecting sheep generally recorded under common production cycles and with epidemiological and economic relevance in sheep-rearing countries: small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIA), ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) and enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA). SIA is prevalent in Australia and New Zealand but present elsewhere in the world. This neoplasia is a tubular or signet-ring adenocarcinoma mainly located in the middle or distal term of the small intestine. Predisposing factors and aetiology are not known, but genetic factors or environmental carcinogens may be involved. OPA is a contagious lung cancer caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) and has been reported in most sheep-rearing countries, resulting in significant economic losses. The disease is clinically characterized by a chronic respiratory process as a consequence of the development of lung adenocarcinoma. Diagnosis is based on the detection of JSRV in the tumour lesion by immunohistochemistry and PCR. In vivo diagnosis may be difficult, mainly in preclinical cases. ENA is a neoplasia of glands of the nasal mucosa and is associated with enzootic nasal tumour virus 1 (ENTV-1), which is similar to JSRV. ENA enzootically occurs in many countries of the world with the exception of Australia and New Zealand. The pathology associated with this neoplasia corresponds with a space occupying lesion histologically characterized as a low-grade adenocarcinoma. The combination of PCR and immunohistochemistry for diagnosis is advised.
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De Las Heras M, Reséndiz RA, González-Sáinz JM, Ortín A. Exogenous Small Ruminant Betaretrovirus Envelope Protein Is Detected in Draining Lymph Nodes in Contagious Respiratory Tumors of Sheep and Goats. Vet Pathol 2020; 58:361-368. [PMID: 33357120 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820980711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Contagious respiratory tumors of sheep and goats are epithelial neoplasms of the lung and nasal cavities. They are associated with oncogenic betaretroviruses known as jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus and enzootic nasal tumor retrovirus of sheep and goats. We investigated the presence of the envelope protein (ENV) of these retroviruses in retropharyngeal and mediastinal lymph nodes using a specific monoclonal antibody by immunohistochemistry methods, single-labeled or combined with ovine B or T lymphocytes or macrophage cell markers. Samples of lymph nodes, fixed in formalin and zinc fixative, were obtained from paraffin-embedded material. Four groups of samples were used: 24 natural cases of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA), 13 of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma of sheep (ENAS), 19 of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma of goats (ENAG), and 14 control samples. ENV was detected by single labeling in cortical lymphoid follicles. Six of 24 OPA samples were positive and only in those from sheep with extensive neoplasia. Immunolabeling was detected in 5/13 ENAS and 10/19 ENAG samples. Positive labeling was found either in the intercellular spaces, membranes, or cytoplasm of cells in follicles. Control samples were not correspondingly labeled. Double immunohistochemistry demonstrated co-labeling of ENV and CD21 (B cells and follicular dendritic cells) in all samples, CD14 (macrophage) in OPA samples, and Pax-5 (B cells) in ENAG samples, but not with CD8 or CD4 (T lymphocytes). These results demonstrate the presence of betaretrovirus ENV proteins in nontumor cells in regional lymph nodes in sheep and goats with contagious respiratory tumors.
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Hu Y, Ren S, He Y, Wang L, Chen C, Tang J, Liu W, Yu F. Possible Oncogenic Viruses Associated with Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10651-10666. [PMID: 33116642 PMCID: PMC7585805 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s263976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoking is the most predominant etiology for lung cancer. However, only a small percentage of heavy smokers develop lung cancer, which suggests that other cofactors are required for lung carcinogenesis. Viruses have been central to modern cancer research and provide profound insights into cancer causes. Nevertheless, the role of virus in lung cancer is still unclear. In this article, we reviewed the possible oncogenic viruses associated with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Siying Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Research Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Thoracic Surgery Research Room, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, People's Republic of China
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Sid N, Belalmi NEH, Benhamza L, Ouhida S, Zebiri ME, Aydoğan A, Leroux C. First case report of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma in "Ouled Djellal" ewe in Algeria. Open Vet J 2018; 8:9-12. [PMID: 29445616 PMCID: PMC5806670 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report clinical and pathological features of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) in one sheep in Algeria. A one-year-old Ouled Djellal sheep from a large herd (~1240 animals), located in Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria, was clinically diagnosed by the presence of persistent seromucous nasal discharge, head shaking, muzzle licking, dyspnoea, exophthalmia and frontal protrusion. The sheep was euthanized, and the necropsy was performed. Gross examination showed soft touch, pinkish-white tumour masses in the nasal cavities with distortion of the turbinates and of the medium septum. According to clinical and pathological findings, the tumour has been defined as a low grade mixed nasal adenocarcinoma, with the presence of tubular and papillary structures. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of ENA in Algeria known to be associated with enzootic nasal tumour virus (ENTV) infection. However, such association requires confirmation by direct and/or indirect viral investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim Sid
- GSPA research Laboratory (Management of Animal Health and Productions), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Frères Mentouri University, BP 325, route Ain El Bey, Constantine, 25100, Algeria
| | - Nour El Houda Belalmi
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Elkhroub, Frères Mentouri University, BP 325, route Ain El Bey, Constantine, 25100, Algeria
| | - Louiza Benhamza
- GSPA research Laboratory (Management of Animal Health and Productions), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Frères Mentouri University, BP 325, route Ain El Bey, Constantine, 25100, Algeria
| | - Soraya Ouhida
- University Hospital Center Saadna Mohamed Abdennour, Street Ibn Sina, Setif, 1900, Algeria
| | | | - Ahmet Aydoğan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Caroline Leroux
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, 50 avenue Tony Garnier 69007, Lyon, France
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Gomes M, Archer F, Girard N, Gineys B, Dolmazon C, Bobet Erny A, Mornex JF, Leroux C. Blocked expression of key genes of the angiogenic pathway in JSRV-induced pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Vet Res 2017; 48:76. [PMID: 29137669 PMCID: PMC5686813 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-017-0480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
JSRV (Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus) is a retrovirus inducing a transmissible lung adenocarcinoma in sheep and goats with predominantly lepidic and papillary lesions. This naturally occurring lung cancer in large animals shares many features with human pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinomas with predominant lepidic growth. The metastatic spread is rare in both human and animal cancers. This unique feature prompted us to decipher the angiogenesis pathway in these cancers. We focused on the levels of mRNA and proteins of genes implicated in the extension of JSRV-induced lung adenocarcinomas by studying their expression in lung cancers (n = 10) and normal lungs (n = 10) and in primary epithelial alveolar type II cells derived from cancers (n = 10) or normal lungs (n = 6). In parallel, we evaluated the levels of expression of key genes in lung tissues collected from lepidic (n = 13) or papillary (n = 5) human adenocarcinomas and, when available, adjacent normal lungs (n = 11). We measured the expression of the same key genes implicated in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix. In ovine adenocarcinomas, VEGFR2 and VEGFD mRNA were downregulated in cancers; MMP9, TIMP1 and FGFR2 mRNA were overexpressed as compared to normal lungs. Importantly, VEGFA and VEGFR2 proteins were not expressed in JSRV-induced cancers. In human lepidic adenocarcinomas, VEGFA and VEGFR2 mRNA were weakly expressed and no VEGFR2 protein was detectable. Downregulation of key angiogenic players may contribute to the control of extra thoracic invasion of cancer cells in human and ovine pneumonic-type adenocarcinoma with predominant lepidic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Gomes
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France
| | - Fabienne Archer
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Girard
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Louis Pradel Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Gineys
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Dolmazon
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandra Bobet Erny
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-François Mornex
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Louis Pradel Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Leroux
- IVPC UMR754, INRA, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EPHE, Lyon, France.
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