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Regney M, Kraberger S, Custer JM, Crane AE, Shero MR, Beltran RS, Kirkham AL, Van Doorslaer K, Stone AC, Goebel ME, Burns JM, Varsani A. Diverse papillomaviruses identified from Antarctic fur seals, leopard seals and Weddell seals from the Antarctic. Virology 2024; 594:110064. [PMID: 38522135 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (family Papillomaviridae) are non-enveloped, circular, double-stranded DNA viruses known to infect squamous and mucosal epithelial cells. In the family Papillomaviridae there are 53 genera and 133 viral species whose members infect a variety of mammalian, avian, reptilian, and fish species. Within the Antarctic context, papillomaviruses (PVs) have been identified in Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae, 2 PVs), Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii, 7 PVs), and emerald notothen (Trematomus bernacchii, 1 PV) in McMurdo Sound and Ross Island in eastern Antarctica. Here we identified 13 diverse PVs from buccal swabs of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella, 2 PVs) and leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx, 3 PVs) in western Antarctica (Antarctic Peninsula), and vaginal and nasal swabs of Weddell seals (8 PVs) in McMurdo Sound. These PV genomes group into four genera representing 11 new papillomavirus types, of which five are from two Antarctic fur seals and a leopard seal and six from Weddell seals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Regney
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Simona Kraberger
- The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Joy M Custer
- The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Adele E Crane
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Michelle R Shero
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - Roxanne S Beltran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 130 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, United States
| | - Amy L Kirkham
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK, 99503, United States
| | - Koenraad Van Doorslaer
- Department of Immunobiology, UA Cancer Center, The BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, United States
| | - Anne C Stone
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Michael E Goebel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer M Burns
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Arvind Varsani
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States; Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
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Munday JS, Bond SD, Piripi S, Soulsby SJ, Knox MA. Canis Familiaris Papillomavirus Type 26: A Novel Papillomavirus of Dogs and the First Canine Papillomavirus within the Omegapapillomavirus Genus. Viruses 2024; 16:595. [PMID: 38675936 PMCID: PMC11054245 DOI: 10.3390/v16040595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Domestic dogs are currently recognized as being infected by 25 different canine papillomavirus (CPV) types classified into three genera. A short sequence from a novel CPV type was amplified, along with CPV1, from a papilloma (wart) from the mouth of a dog. The entire 7499 bp genome was amplified, and CPV26 contained putative coding regions that were predicted to produce four early proteins and two late ones. The ORF L1 showed less than 62% similarity for all previously sequenced CPV types but over 69% similarity to multiple Omegapapillomavirus types from a variety of Caniform species including the giant panda, Weddel seal, and polar bear. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed CPV26 clusters within the Omegapapillomavirus genus. Specific primers were used to investigate the presence of CPV26 DNA within a series of 37 canine proliferative lesions. CPV26 DNA was amplified from one lesion, a cutaneous papilloma that also contained CPV6. This is the first time a PV type within the Omegapapillomavirus genus has been detected in a non-domestic species and this provides evidence that the omegapapillomaviruses infected a common ancestor of, and then co-evolved with, the Caniform species. Whether CPV26 causes disease is uncertain, but the absence of an E7 protein may suggest low pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Munday
- Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Sarah D. Bond
- Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Susan Piripi
- IDEXX Laboratories, Palmerston Noth 4410, New Zealand;
| | | | - Matthew A. Knox
- Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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Files R, Santos C, Queiroga FL, Silva F, Delgado L, Pires I, Prada J. Investigating Cox-2 and EGFR as Biomarkers in Canine Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Implications for Diagnosis and Therapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:485-497. [PMID: 38248333 PMCID: PMC10814971 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common and highly aggressive dog tumor known for its local invasiveness and metastatic potential. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving the development and progression of OSCC is crucial for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Additionally, spontaneous oral squamous cell carcinomas in dogs are an excellent model for studying human counterparts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the significance of two key molecular components, Cox-2 and EGFR, in canine OSCC. We examined 34 tumor sections from various dog breeds to assess the immunoexpression of Cox-2 and EGFR. Our findings revealed that Cox-2 was highly expressed in 70.6% of cases, while EGFR overexpression was observed in 44.1%. Cox-2 overexpression showed association with histological grade of malignancy (HGM) (p = 0.006) and EGFR with vascular invasion (p = 0.006). COX-2 and EGFR concurrent expression was associated with HGM (p = 0.002), as well as with the presence of vascular invasion (p = 0.002). These data suggest that Cox-2 and EGFR could be promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, opening avenues for developing novel treatment strategies for dogs affected by OSCC. Further studies are warranted to delve deeper into these findings and translate them into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Files
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Catarina Santos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Felisbina L. Queiroga
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for the Study of Animal Science, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, 4200-427 Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe Silva
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Leonor Delgado
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences—CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
- Pathology Department, INNO Serviços Especializados em Veterinária, 4710-503 Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.F.); (C.S.); (F.L.Q.); (F.S.); (J.P.)
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Altamura G, Borzacchiello G. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma and Felis catus papillomavirus: is it time to walk the path of human oncology? Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1148673. [PMID: 37266382 PMCID: PMC10229798 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1148673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Borzacchiello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Boss MK, Harrison LG, Gold A, Karam SD, Regan DP. Canine oral squamous cell carcinoma as a spontaneous, translational model for radiation and immunology research. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1033704. [PMID: 36698398 PMCID: PMC9868558 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1033704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Improving outcomes for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients has been hindered by a lack of effective predictive animal models. Spontaneously occurring canine OSCC could help fill this gap. The objective of this study was to characterize the immune landscape of canine OSCC to advance understanding of how dogs could serve as a surrogate for human OSCC. Methods/Results Canine OSCC contains a heterogenous tumor immune microenvironment. CD3+ T cells were the predominant tumor infiltrating immune cell population; however, there was a wide range CD3+ T cell density across samples. The most common CD3+ T cell micro-anatomical distribution was defined as "pre-existing immunity", but the remaining 20% of tumors were characterized as "immunologically ignorant" or "excluded infiltrates" patterns. When compared to normal oral mucosa, the tumor gene expression pattern suggests that canine OSCC microenvironment is highly inflamed and characterized by the presence of an anti-tumor immune response dominated by cytotoxic\effector T cells and NK cells (CD8a, GZMA, OX40, and HLA-A); however, overexpression of genes associated with effector T cell exhaustion and microenvironmental immunosuppression was also identified (PD-1, LAG3, CXCL2). Correlations between CD3+ T cell density and immune gene expression revealed key genes associated with cytotoxic anti-tumor T cell responses (GZMA, GZMB, PRF1), co-stimulation of T cells (CD27, CD28, ICOS), and other immune processes, including Type I IFN response (TNF, TNFSF10), and T cell exhaustion (CTLA4, PD-1). CD3+ T cell density in canine OSCC was significantly correlated with a cytolytic activity score (mean PRF1 and GZMA expression), suggestive of active effector CD8 T cell function. CD204+ macrophages were the second most abundant tumor infiltrating immune cell, and when comparing to normal oral mucosa, two differently expressed genes linked to tumor associated macrophages and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were identified: CXCL2, CD70. Overexpression of CXCL2 was also identified in canine OSCC "T cell-high" tumors compared to "T cell-low" tumors. Discussion This study identified actionable immunotherapy targets which could inform future comparative oncology trials in canine OSCC: CTLA-4, PD-1, CXCL2. These data provide a good first step towards utilizing spontaneous canine OSCC as a comparative model for human OSCC radiation and immuno-oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Keara Boss
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Daniel P. Regan, ; Mary-Keara Boss,
| | - Lauren G. Harrison
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra Gold
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel P. Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Daniel P. Regan, ; Mary-Keara Boss,
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Munday JS, Knight CG, Luff JA. Papillomaviral skin diseases of humans, dogs, cats and horses: A comparative review. Part 2: Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Vet J 2022; 288:105898. [PMID: 36152994 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are well recognized to cause pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases in humans. Similarly, there is increasing evidence that PVs play a significant role in the development of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases of the haired skin of dogs and cats, and the mucosa of horses. As the mechanisms by which PVs cause neoplasia are well studied in humans, it is valuable to compare the PV-induced neoplasms of humans with similar PV-associated neoplasms in the companion animal species. In the second part of this comparative review, the pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases thought to be caused by PVs in humans, dogs, cats, and horses are described. This includes PV-induced cutaneous plaques, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and mucosal SCCs within the four species. The review concludes with a discussion about the potential use of vaccines to prevent PV-induced diseases of dogs, cats, and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Cameron G Knight
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Luff
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Reis JDR, Batista MVDA. New insights into Canis familiaris papillomaviruses genetics and biology: Is the genetic characterization of CPV types and their variants an important clinical issue? Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20210388. [PMID: 36095300 PMCID: PMC9469487 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Canis familiaris papillomavirus (CPV) is a member of the Papillomaviridae family and is found in dogs. After infection, the host can remain asymtomatic or develop benign ephitelial neoplasms such as papillomas and pigmented viral plaques, which can progress to cancer, in the form of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In humans, 227 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) have been described, with a well-established risk classification for cancer development. In addition, it is also known that variants of some high-risk HPV types may present different risks in respect of SCC development. In dogs, however, only a few types of CPV have been identified, despite the growing interest in this area, and knowledge on the genetic characterization of CPV variants is still scarce. Recent studies of CPV have shown that, as with HPV, benign neoplasia can develop into cancer, but it is believed that there are many more types and variants still to be described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the genetics and biology of CPV, with the focus on what is known about lesions, geographic localization, virus types and variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Dantas Rodrigues Reis
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Biotecnologia (GMBio), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius de Aragão Batista
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Biotecnologia (GMBio), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Grigolato R, Accorona R, Lombardo G, Corrocher G, Garagiola U, Massari F, Nicoli S, Rossi S, Calabrese L. Oral cancer in non-smoker non-drinker patients. Could comparative pet oncology help to understand risk factors and pathogenesis? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 166:103458. [PMID: 34461267 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades there has been a progressive increase in proportion of incidence of oral cancer not related to a known etiologic factor, such as the so-called "oral cancer in young", a relevant tumor in non-smoker non-drinker (NSND) patients. The topic is matter of long standing debate, and adequate study models to analyze this entity are lacking. Spontaneous oral cancer in companion animals such as dogs and cats, presents more clinical and biological similarities with the human oral cancer than any other animal model. In our review we analyze how the study of spontaneous oral cancer in common pets can prospectively prove to be of double usefulness in unraveling the question about the origin of oral cancer in NSND patients, allowing both the analysis of environmental and behavioral risk factors, and the study of how carcinogenic viruses, chronic inflammation, and changes in immunity can influence pre-tumoral and tumoral microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Grigolato
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, "San Maurizio" Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Remo Accorona
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Lombardo
- School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology (DIPSCOMI), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corrocher
- School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology (DIPSCOMI), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Umberto Garagiola
- Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences Department, Maxillofacial and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Sabrina Rossi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Calabrese
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, "San Maurizio" Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
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Papillomaviruses in Domestic Cats. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081664. [PMID: 34452528 PMCID: PMC8402708 DOI: 10.3390/v13081664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are well established to cause hyperplastic papillomas (warts) in humans and animals. In addition, due to their ability to alter cell regulation, PVs are also recognized to cause approximately 5% of human cancers and these viruses have been associated with neoplasia in a number of animal species. In contrast to other domestic species, cats have traditionally been thought to less frequently develop disease due to PV infection. However, in the last 15 years, the number of viruses and the different lesions associated with PVs in cats have greatly expanded. In this review, the PV life cycle and the subsequent immune response is briefly discussed along with methods used to investigate a PV etiology of a lesion. The seven PV types that are currently known to infect cats are reviewed. The lesions that have been associated with PV infections in cats are then discussed and the review finishes with a brief discussion on the use of vaccines to prevent PV-induced disease in domestic cats.
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Whole Genomic Analysis and Comparison of Two Canine Papillomavirus Type 9 Strains in Malignant and Benign Skin Lesions. Viruses 2020; 12:v12070736. [PMID: 32650357 PMCID: PMC7412457 DOI: 10.3390/v12070736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) usually cause benign proliferative lesions in the stratified epithelium of various animal species. However, some high-risk types of PVs have been proven to lead to malignant transformations. In dogs, several canine papillomaviruses (CPVs) have been identified in malignant lesions and are suggested as one of the risk factors for the development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). In the present study, the full genomes of two CPV9 strains from recurrent SCCs of Dog 1 and skin viral papilloma (viral plaque) of Dog 2 were sequenced. Alignment of the two CPV9 sequences with the genome of the reference CPV9 strain (accession no. JF800656.1) derived from a solitary pigmented plaque was performed. Compared with the reference strain, a 27 bp in-frame insertion in the E1 gene was identified in both CPV9 strains in this study. In comparison with the CPV9 strains derived from benign lesions, the CPV9 from the SCCs of Dog 1 exhibited a 328 bp deletion at the 3′ end of the E2 and spacer sequence, which encoded a truncated deduced E2 protein and a chimeric E8^E2 protein. However, there was no difference in the mRNA expression levels of viral oncoproteins of E6 and E7 between the two CPV9 cases, suggesting that the oncogenesis of CPV9 for malignant transformation might be different from that of human papillomaviruses. The roles of E2 and E8^E2 deleted CPV9 in the oncogenesis of benign and malignant lesions should be further investigated.
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Altamura G, Cardeti G, Cersini A, Eleni C, Cocumelli C, Bartolomé Del Pino LE, Razzuoli E, Martano M, Maiolino P, Borzacchiello G. Detection of Felis catus papillomavirus type-2 DNA and viral gene expression suggest active infection in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:494-501. [PMID: 31989718 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Papillomavirus (PV) infection is associated with development of epithelial cancer in different species, including domestic cat (Felis catus). Felis catus PV type-2 (FcaPV-2) is considered the causative agent of a proportion of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), through the transforming properties of its E6 and E7 oncogenes. However, the possible role of FcaPVs in the aetiology of feline oral SCC (FOSCC) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the presence and gene expression of FcaPV-2 in FOSCC samples. We detected FcaPV-2 DNA in 10/32 (31%) of the analysed FOSCC by the use of PCR methods. Importantly, viral mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in 7/10 (70%) of DNA positive samples. In particular, FcaPV-2 L1, E2 and E6E7 genes were found to be expressed in 5/10 (50%), 3/10 (33%) and 5/10 (50%) samples, respectively. Viral DNA was also detected in non neoplastic oral ulcerative lesions (ULs) (4/11, 36%); qPCR suggested a difference in viral load between ULs and FOSCCs, particularly in those expressing E6E7, although it was not statistically significant. These data suggest, but do not definively prove, a possible role of FcaPV-2 in the development of a proportion of FOSCC. Moreover, L1 and E2 gene expression results indicate that FcaPV-2 infection associated with these tumours may possibly be productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Altamura
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Cardeti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Cersini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Eleni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Cocumelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Razzuoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Martano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Maiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Borzacchiello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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12
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The Detection and Association of Canine Papillomavirus with Benign and Malignant Skin Lesions in Dogs. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020170. [PMID: 32028559 PMCID: PMC7077320 DOI: 10.3390/v12020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomavirus (PV) mainly infects the squamous epithelium and may potentially lead to benign or even malignant cutaneous lesions. However, the malignant transforming ability has been identified in several types of PVs. In humans, papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 are the most prevalent causative agents of cervical cancer. Therefore, vaccines are being developed to protect against these types. For dogs, there have been limited investigations into the association of different canine papillomavirus (CPV) genotypes with malignant lesions. Understanding the high-risk CPV genotype(s) responsible for these malignant lesions would contribute to the development of interventions for preventing CPV-induced carcinomas. In the present study, a retrospective cohort of 102 pathologically confirmed papillomas and 212 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were included. The viral genome and antigens in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues were detected using PCR targeting pan PV E1 and COPV L1 genes and by immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), respectively. PVs were successfully detected from 11 FFPE cutaneous tissues and four oral tissues using pan PV E1- and COPV L1-based PCR, respectively. After sequencing, CPV 1, CPV 2, and CPV 6 were detected in the benign lesions using PCR and were confirmed through IHC. While CPV 9 and CPV 15 were first detected in the SCCs of dogs, CPV 16 was most often detected in SCC specimens. The association and confirmative demonstration of viral genes and intralesional antigens of CPV 9, CPV 15, and CPV 16 in SCCs highlight the potential risk of these genotypes of CPVs in malignant transformation.
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13
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Kudacheva N. Morphological features of coilocytary atypism of squamous papillomas of dogs. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20201700051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coilocytic atypism of tumors of epithelial origin is considered as a marker of HPV infection, regardless of the type of neoplasm, which is a clinical manifestation of papillomatosis. Many neoplasms in dogs are diagnosed depending on the identification of specific cellular and tissue atypism, which underlies the histological diagnosis. According to the recent studies, the following types of neoplasm can be distinguished depending on the taxonomic affiliation of HPV: papillomas of various localization, cancerous epidermodysplasia verruciformis, pigment affects (including plaque), inverted and squamous papillomas, squamous cell carcinomas. Histological studies are an affordable diagnostic method that allows studying the morphological features of coylocytary atypism of squamous papillomas of dogs. Squamous cell papillomas in dogs have a number of morphological and cytological features, due to the predominance of the keratinization process. In this case, the process of differentiation of epithelial cells is consistent and all layers typical of the skin of dogs are distinguished. The corneal layer prevails over all the described layers, the activity of the cells of the basal layer is noted. Coilocytes are localized in a spinous and granular layer, but depending on their location, they have distinctive morphological and quantitative characteristics. Despite the polymorphism of the manifestation of coylocytary atypism in animals within the limits of specific affects, as well as depending on the type of neoplasm, there are no common morphological criteria for evaluating coylocytosis depending on oncogenesis. It was noted that the morphological and quantitative characteristics of coilocytes depend on their location, while they have a morphology described by many researchers, including in various animal species.
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14
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Ayala-Díaz S, Jiménez-Lima R, Ramírez-Alcántara KM, Lizano M, Castro-Muñoz LJ, Reyes-Hernández DO, Arroyo-Ledezma J, Manzo-Merino J. Presence of Papillomavirus DNA sequences in the canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT). PeerJ 2019; 7:e7962. [PMID: 31667018 PMCID: PMC6816387 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) or Sticker’s sarcoma is a neoplastic disease affecting dogs. This disease is presented as a tumoral mass in the genital organs of both, male and female individuals. Up to date, there is no clear evidence indicating a viral agent as the causative mediator for CTVT development. Purpose The present work aims to analyze 21 samples from canines with CTVT for molecular identification of Papillomavirus DNA sequences. In addition, microbiological analysis, cytologic and histopathologic evaluations were also performed. Results All patients showed no biochemical and microbiological alterations. Molecular analysis demonstrated the viral DNA presence in the samples using different primer sets. The MY primers amplified a 450 bp band in seven out of 21 samples (33%). The PVF and Fap64 primer set, targeting the L1 sequence of Canine Papillomavirus (CPV), showed positivity in 16 out of 21 samples (76%). Conclusion These results support the possible causative association between CPV and CTVT; nevertheless, additional studies are required to uphold such statement. This work presents evidence indicating that a viral agent might be involved in the pathogenesis of CTVT and set the bases for a better understanding of the CTVT pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ayala-Díaz
- Universidad del Mar, Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Producción y Sanidad Animal, Universidad del Mar, Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Roberto Jiménez-Lima
- Clinical Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Katia M Ramírez-Alcántara
- Basic Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Basic Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Diego O Reyes-Hernández
- Basic Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Arroyo-Ledezma
- Universidad del Mar, Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Asociación Esteriliza y Educa A.C., Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Basic Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Regalado Ibarra AM, Legendre L, Munday JS. Malignant Transformation of a Canine Papillomavirus Type 1-Induced Persistent Oral Papilloma in a 3-Year-Old Dog. J Vet Dent 2019; 35:79-95. [PMID: 29865982 DOI: 10.1177/0898756418774575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This case report describes a rare case of a persistent canine papillomavirus type 1 (CPV-1)-induced oral papilloma that underwent malignant transformation into an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a 3-year-old Labrador retriever cross. Initially, the patient had multiple and multifocal verrucous lesions populating the oral cavity exclusively. The papillomas persisted despite multiple surgical ablations, azithromycin, interferon α-2b, alternative medicines, and off-label drug use of an immunostimulant. After 1 year and 6 months, an aggressive lesion developed at the level of the left mandibular first molar (309) and progressed to a well-differentiated invasive OSCC. The presence of CPV-1 DNA in the OSCC, and the known oncogenic abilities of CPV-1, suggests that this virus might have played a significant role in the emergence of the OSCC that ultimately led to the patient's euthanasia due to poor quality of life. This is the first well-documented case where OSCC has developed from an oral papilloma caused by CPV-1 in which the presence of coinfection by another papillomavirus was excluded by multiple polymerase chain reaction tests using various primers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loïc Legendre
- 1 West Coast Veterinary Dental Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John S Munday
- 2 Veterinary Pathology, Institute of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand
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16
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Lange CE, Jennings SH, Diallo A, Lyons J. Canine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 in classical papillomas: High abundance, different morphological associations and frequent co-infections. Vet J 2019; 250:1-5. [PMID: 31383413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Canine papillomatosis is mainly attributed to papillomavirus infections. Papillomavirus DNA is also frequently identified in healthy skin, and evidence of high papillomavirus diversity complicates this simplistic view of causality. The aim of this study was to determine how frequently canine papillomas contain papillomavirus DNA and express viral protein, and how these factors correlate to the histology and anatomic location. Fifty-three archived, formalin-fixed samples of canine papillomas and eight samples of other proliferative skin lesions from dogs were included. Samples were re-evaluated histologically, tested for papillomavirus L1-antigen using immunohistochemistry, and for papillomavirus DNA with PCR assays and molecular sequencing. Most papillomas from haired skin contained papillomavirus DNA (96%) and antigen (92%). Of oral papillomas, 88% were positive for both papillomavirus DNA and antigen. Approximately 50% of non-papilloma proliferations and papillomas from eyelid/conjunctiva specimens contained viral DNA, but antigen was present in only 12% of eyelid/conjunctiva papillomas and in none of the non-papilloma proliferations. The presence of viral antigen was highly correlated with histological indicators of viral infection, including intranuclear inclusions, koilocytes, cytoplasmatic vacuolation and dysplasia. The viruses found were mainly CPV1 and CPV2. CPV1 dominated in oral infections, while CPV2 dominated in cutaneous endophytic papillomas. Co-infections with CPV1 and CPV2 accounted for about 20% of all detected infections. These results support a role for papillomaviruses in canine cutaneous and oral, exophytic and endophytic papillomas and support previously raised doubts about their role in squamous papillomas from eyelid/conjunctiva specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Lange
- Department of Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - S H Jennings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - A Diallo
- Department of Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J Lyons
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
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17
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Bhatta TR, Chamings A, Vibin J, Alexandersen S. Detection and characterisation of canine astrovirus, canine parvovirus and canine papillomavirus in puppies using next generation sequencing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4602. [PMID: 30872719 PMCID: PMC6418273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteritis in young animals is a clinical presentation with many infectious and non- infectious aetiologies. We used next generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate the possible infectious causes of gastroenteritis in puppies from a dog kennel in Victoria, Australia. The near complete genome of a canine astrovirus was obtained from pooled faecal samples, and was found to be 94.7% identical with a canine astrovirus detected in the United Kingdom in 2012. The phylogenetic analysis of the capsid gene found similarities to those of canine astroviruses identified in Italy in 2005 and in UK and Hungary in 2012, but distant from that of a canine astrovirus previously identified in Australia in 2012. Thus, different serotypes of canine astrovirus are likely circulating in Australia. The close relationship to European astroviruses also suggested that there had been recent movements of ancestor canine astroviruses between Australia and Europe. NGS also detected other infections in the puppies including several canine papillomaviruses and a canine parvovirus (vaccine strain) as well as a very low level of campylobacter. Canine astrovirus was the probable cause of diarrhoea in these puppies, with the possible involvement of campylobacter bacteria. NGS was effective as a non-targeted method to determine the likely infectious cause of gastroenteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarka Raj Bhatta
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Deakin University, School of Medicine, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Anthony Chamings
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Deakin University, School of Medicine, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Jessy Vibin
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.,Deakin University, School of Medicine, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Soren Alexandersen
- Geelong Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. .,Deakin University, School of Medicine, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia. .,Barwon Health, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
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18
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Luff J, Mader M, Rowland P, Britton M, Fass J, Yuan H. Viral genome integration of canine papillomavirus 16. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2019; 7:88-96. [PMID: 30771493 PMCID: PMC6402295 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses infect humans and animals, most often causing benign proliferations on skin or mucosal surfaces. Rarely, these infections persist and progress to cancer. In humans, this transformation most often occurs with high-risk papillomaviruses, where viral integration is a critical event in carcinogenesis. The first aim of this study was to sequence the viral genome of canine papillomavirus (CPV) 16 from a pigmented viral plaque that progressed to metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in a dog. The second aim was to characterize multiple viral genomic deletions and translocations as well as host integration sites. The full viral genome was identified using a combination of PCR and high throughput sequencing. CPV16 is most closely related to chipapillomaviruses CPV4, CPV9, and CPV12 and we propose CPV16 be classified as a chipapillomavirus. Assembly of the full viral genome enabled identification of deletion of portions of the E1 and E2/E4 genes and two viral translocations within the squamous cell carcinoma. Genome walking was performed which identified four sites of viral integration into the host genome. This is the first description of integration of a canine papillomavirus into the host genome, raising the possibility that CPV16 may be a potential canine high-risk papillomavirus type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Luff
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Michelle Mader
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Monica Britton
- UC Davis Genome Center-Bioinformatics Core, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Fass
- UC Davis Genome Center-Bioinformatics Core, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hang Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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19
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Nasal virome of dogs with respiratory infection signs include novel taupapillomaviruses. Virus Genes 2019; 55:191-197. [PMID: 30632017 PMCID: PMC7088604 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-019-01634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Using viral metagenomics, we characterized the mammalian virome of nasal swabs from 57 dogs with unexplained signs of respiratory infection showing mostly negative results using the IDEXX Canine Respiratory Disease RealPCR™ Panel. We identified canine parainfluenza virus 5, canine respiratory coronavirus, carnivore bocaparvovirus 3, canine circovirus and canine papillomavirus 9. Novel canine taupapillomaviruses (CPV21-23) were also identified in 3 dogs and their complete genome sequenced showing L1 nucleotide identity ranging from 68.4 to 70.3% to their closest taupapillomavirus relative. Taupapillomavirus were the only mammalian viral nucleic acids detected in two affected dogs, while a third dog was coinfected with low levels of canine parainfluenza 5. A role for these taupapillomavirues in canine respiratory disease remains to be determined.
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20
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Malignant transformation of canine oral papillomavirus (CPV1)-associated papillomas in dogs: An emerging concern? PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2018; 6:83-89. [PMID: 30414951 PMCID: PMC6260289 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Canine oral papillomavirus (CPV1, also known as COPV), the most common cause of non-neoplastic papillomas, has not been shown to cause squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Furthermore, malignant transformation of benign papillomas to SCC has only been reported in a single group of dogs with severe combined immunodeficiency infected with CPV2. Here, we report a series of 7 dogs with benign CPV1-associated papillomas with histologic evidence of CPV1 causing malignant transformation to carcinoma in situ and ultimately SCC. Expression of p53 and p16 proteins in CPV1-infected cells within the benign papillomas and lesions that progressed into SCC also supported an association between papillomavirus and malignant transformation. Moreover, our retrospective analysis indicated that while there have been increased numbers of viral papillomas with malignant transformation, the number of annually diagnosed canine viral papillomas has remained constant over the past decade in our laboratory. We speculate that either an altered host immunity from increased usage of immunosuppressive drugs or changing environmental factors, e.g. increase exposure to UV radiation, may cause an increased oncogenic potential of this “low-risk” virus. This study aims to raise awareness of the malignant potential of CPV1 and to encourage further investigations into the cause of this suspected change in its oncogenic potential.
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21
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Truchado DA, Moens MAJ, Callejas S, Pérez-Tris J, Benítez L. Genomic characterization of the first oral avian papillomavirus in a colony of breeding canaries (Serinus canaria). Vet Res Commun 2018; 42:111-120. [PMID: 29446002 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-018-9713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Truchado
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Michaël A J Moens
- Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco, Lizardo García E9-104 y Andrés Xaura, 170143, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sergio Callejas
- Unidad de Genómica, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pérez-Tris
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Benítez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Calle José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Hansen N, Nicholas N, Pack G, Mackie JT, Shipstone M, Munday JS, Reddell P, Orbell G, Malik R. Progressive cutaneous viral pigmented plaques in three Hungarian Vizslas and the response of lesions to topical tigilanol tiglate gel. Vet Med Sci 2018; 4:53-62. [PMID: 29468081 PMCID: PMC5813106 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous pigmented viral plaques is a disorder of epidermal growth caused by canine papillomavirus type 4 (CPV-4). There is currently no standard of care for managing this condition and it has not been reported in the Hungarian Vizsla. This case series documents the clinical features of canine pigmented viral plaques in Hungarian Vizsla dogs and the treatment of a severe case using a novel topical agent tigilanol tiglate (EBC-46). A 4-year-old spayed Hungarian Vizsla in Australia was presented for multiple cutaneous pigmented plaques extending from the ventral cervical region. Lesions were neither painful nor pruritic. The number and size of these sessile plaques increased over time, with the largest lesions eventually taking on an exophytic (wart-like) appearance. These lesions did not affect the dog's wellbeing. Two much less severe cases in a 5-year-old Vizsla from the UK and a 7-year-old Vizsla from New Zealand were also diagnosed. Histology was consistent with papillomavirus-induced pigmented plaques and CPV-4 DNA sequences were amplified from paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed tissue using the polymerase chain reaction from the most severely affected patient. Topical imiquimod was ineffective although used for only a short time. Two topical applications of novel anti-neoplastic diterpene ester tigilanol tiglate as a gel, 9 days apart, greatly reduced the size and number of lesions in a limited portion of skin treated, over the lateral hock. While CPV-4 has been previously reported to cause pigmented plaques, most commonly on pug dogs, but sporadically on other breeds, this is the first report of this virus causing plaques in Hungarian Vizslas. The cases illustrate some of the difficulties in diagnosing papillomavirus-induced disease in dogs, especially in its early stages. Topical tigilanol tiglate is a potentially useful topical therapy for this viral-induced disorder of cell growth and represents a treatment deserving of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Hansen
- Greencross Noosa Veterinary ClinicTewantinQueenslandAustralia
| | | | | | - John T. Mackie
- QML PathologyArndale Shopping CentreSpringwoodQueenslandAustralia
| | - Michael Shipstone
- Veterinary Specialist ServicesUnit 14Springwood CentreUnderwoodQueenslandAustralia
| | - John S. Munday
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | | | - Geoff Orbell
- New Zealand Veterinary PathologyInstitute of Veterinary Animal and Biomedical SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Richard Malik
- Centre for Veterinary EducationUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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23
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Altamura G, Eleni C, Meoli R, Cardeti G, Friedrich KG, Borzacchiello G. Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a European Lynx (Lynx Lynx): Papillomavirus Infection and Histologic Analysis. Vet Sci 2018; 5:vetsci5010001. [PMID: 29301274 PMCID: PMC5876569 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common finding in domestic and wild felids. Only two cases of oral SCC have been reported in Lynx species (Lynx rufus and Lynx canadensis), at mandibular and gingival sites. In this study, we describe the first report of tongue SCC in a 15 years old female European lynx (Lynx lynx), along with viral investigations. Necropsy and histological analysis were performed and the presence of papillomavirus (PV) infection was investigated by ultrastructural and molecular methods. The lardaceous mass at tongue level was histologically diagnosed as moderately differentiated SCC. Typical microscopical features of SCC were also found in the retropharyngeal lymph node and at the pulmonary level. Neither viral DNA by PCR, nor viral particles by transmission electron microscopy were found. Despite that PV infection is associated with Felidae, this work reports the first description of tongue SCC in Lynx species, but no evidence of PV infection, suggesting that PV may not be involved in development of SCC in bobcat species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Altamura
- Department of Veterinary medicine and Animal production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Veterinaria 1, 80137 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudia Eleni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta Meoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giusy Cardeti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Giuseppe Borzacchiello
- Department of Veterinary medicine and Animal production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Veterinaria 1, 80137 Naples, Italy.
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24
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Oğuzoğlu TÇ, Timurkan MÖ, Koç BT, Alkan F. Comparison of genetic characteristics of canine papillomaviruses in Turkey. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 55:372-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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25
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Munday JS, Thomson NA, Luff JA. Papillomaviruses in dogs and cats. Vet J 2017; 225:23-31. [PMID: 28720294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) cause disease in both dogs and cats. In dogs, PVs are thought to cause oral papillomatosis, cutaneous papillomas and canine viral pigmented plaques, whereas PVs have been rarely associated with the development of oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in this species. In cats, PVs are currently thought to cause oral papillomas, feline viral plaques, Bowenoid in situ carcinomas and feline sarcoids. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that PVs may also be a cause of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas in cats. These diseases are discussed in this review. Additionally, there is a brief overview of PV biology, including how these viruses cause disease. Diagnostic techniques and possible methods to prevent PV infection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- Pathobiology, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Neroli A Thomson
- Pathobiology, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer A Luff
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Lange CE, Diallo A, Zewe C, Ferrer L. Novel canine papillomavirus type 18 found in pigmented plaques. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 2:159-163. [PMID: 29074175 PMCID: PMC5886900 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Lange
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Alos Diallo
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine Zewe
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lluis Ferrer
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
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27
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Gil da Costa RM, Peleteiro MC, Pires MA, DiMaio D. An Update on Canine, Feline and Bovine Papillomaviruses. Transbound Emerg Dis 2016; 64:1371-1379. [PMID: 27615361 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over recent years, a growing number of papillomaviruses have been identified, which cause a wide range of lesions in domestic and wild animals. Papillomavirus-induced lesions may have a great impact on animal health, and some diseases observed in farm animals are associated with significant economic losses. This concise review brings together recent advancements on animal papillomavirus research, providing the scientific community and veterinary practitioners with an update on this rapidly evolving field. Among others, bovine, canine and feline papillomaviruses (BPV, CPV and FcaPV) are most extensively discussed, in view of the recent discovery of new viral types and their worldwide importance for animal health. Feline papillomaviruses 2 is an emerging, highly prevalent pathogen in domestic cats, associated with a subset of malignant skin lesions. Aspects related to cross-species infection by BPV and its environmental co-factors are also addressed. Animal papillomaviruses are also fascinating models for studying molecular and cell biology and have recently inspired some major breakthroughs. Overall, it is clear that additional, international and systematic efforts are needed to clarify which lesions are caused by which viral types and to develop experimental models for studying animal papillomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gil da Costa
- LEPABE, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, CI-IPOP, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - M C Peleteiro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CIISA, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A Pires
- Veterinary Sciences Department, CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - D DiMaio
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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28
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Sabattini S, Savini F, Gallina L, Scagliarini A, Bassi P, Bettini G. p16 Immunostaining of Canine Squamous Cell Carcinomas Is Not Associated with Papillomaviral DNA. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159687. [PMID: 27441555 PMCID: PMC4956233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
While papillomavirus (PVs) are an established cause of human cancer, few reports have supported a relationship between PV and canine squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Human oncogenic PVs lead to an increased expression of the p16 tumor suppressor protein, and the latter can be demonstrated immunohistochemically to support a likely causal relationship between tumor and PV infection. In the present study, archive samples of canine SCC from different anatomical locations were tested by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of PV DNA and by p16 immunohistochemistry. The aims were to investigate the relationship between p16 expression and presence of PV DNA, in order to assess the utility of p16 overexpression as a biomarker of PV infection in canine SCC. A total of 52 SCCs were included. Nine cases (17.3%) showed moderate p16 immunoreactivity, with no association with tumor degree of differentiation, histotype or mitotic activity. The canPVf/FAP64 primers amplified Canis familiaris PV-1 DNA from 3 out of 52 tumors (5.8%), one cutaneous, one oral and one tonsillar SCC. There was no association between PV presence and p16 immunostaining. These results do not support a significant role of PVs in the development of canine SCCs. Additionally, PV infection was apparently not the cause of the p16 immunostaining observed in a subset of canine SCCs. A better awareness of p16 level of expression and cellular function in canine cancer may help to define its diagnostic and prognostic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sabattini
- Pathology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Federica Savini
- Virology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Laura Gallina
- Virology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Alessandra Scagliarini
- Virology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Patrizia Bassi
- Pathology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Giuliano Bettini
- Pathology Division, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
- * E-mail:
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