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Marchionatti E, Kittl S, Sendi P, Perreten V. Whole genome-based antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and phylogenetic characteristics of Trueperella pyogenes clinical isolates from humans and animals. Vet Microbiol 2024; 294:110102. [PMID: 38749210 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic zoonotic bacterial pathogen, whose antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and genetic relatedness between strains from animals and humans are barely studied. These characteristics were therefore analyzed for clinical T. pyogenes strains from 31 animals of 11 different species and 8 humans determining their complete circular genome sequence and antimicrobial susceptibility. The MICs of 19 antimicrobials including 3 antiseptics correlated to the resistance genes identified in silico within the genomes revealing a predominance of resistance to streptomycin (aadA9), sulfamethoxazole (sul1), and tetracycline (tet(33), tet(W/N/W)) among strains from humans and cattle. Additional resistance genes (erm(X), erm(56), cmx, drfA1, aadA1, aph(3'')-Ib (strA), aph(6)-Id (strB), aac(3)-IVa, aph(4)-Ia) were found only sporadically. The resistance genes were localized on genetic elements integrated into the chromosome. A cgMLST-based phylogenetic analysis revealed two major clusters each containing genetically diverse strains. The human strains showed the closest relatedness to strains from cattle. Virulence genes coding for fimbriae (fimA, fimC), neuroamidase (nanP, nanH), pyolysin (plo), and collagen binding protein (cbpA) were identified in strains from different hosts, but no correlation was observed between virulence factors and strain origin. The existence of resistance genes typically found in Gram-negative bacteria within the Gram-positive T. pyogenes indicates a wider capacity to adapt to antimicrobial selective pressure. Moreover, the presence of similar antimicrobial resistance profiles found in cattle and human strains as well as their closest relatedness suggests common zoonotic features and cattle as the potential source for human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Marchionatti
- Clinic for Ruminants, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109A, Bern 3012, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences (GHS), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, Bern 3012, Switzerland; Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Kittl
- Center for Zoonoses, Animal Bacterial Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Parham Sendi
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 51, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland.
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Marchionatti E, Perreten V. Novel macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene erm(56) in Trueperella pyogenes. mSphere 2023; 8:e0023923. [PMID: 37417762 PMCID: PMC10470526 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00239-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequence analysis of a macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B (MLSB)-resistant Trueperella pyogenes from a dog revealed a new 23S ribosomal RNA methylase gene erm(56). Expression of the cloned erm(56) confers resistance to MLSB in T. pyogenes and Escherichia coli. The erm(56) gene was flanked by two IS6100 integrated on the chromosome next to a sul1-containing class 1 integron. GenBank query revealed additional erm(56)-containing elements in another T. pyogenes and in Rothia nasimurium from livestock. IMPORTANCE A novel 23S ribosomal RNA methylase gene erm(56) flanked by insertion sequence IS6100 was identified in a Trueperella pyogenes isolated from the abscess of a dog and was also present in another T. pyogenes and in Rothia nasimurium from livestock. It was shown to confer resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B antibiotics in T. pyogenes and E. coli, indicating functionality in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The detection of erm(56) on different elements in unrelated bacteria from different animal sources and geographical origins suggests that it has been independently acquired and likely selected by the use of antibiotics in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Marchionatti
- Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic for Ruminants, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Division of Molecular Bacterial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Tamai IA, Mohammadzadeh A, Mahmoodi P, Pakbin B, Salehi TZ. Antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes and genomic characterization of Trueperella pyogenes isolated from abscesses in dairy cattle. Res Vet Sci 2023; 154:29-36. [PMID: 36434850 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic animal pathogen mainly associated with various suppurative infections in wild and domestic animals. Limited studies have investigated the pathogenesis of diseases caused by this pathogen. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the prevalence, phenotypic properties, virulence genotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characterization of T. pyogenes isolated from abscess lesions in different tissues of on-farm dairy cattle. The study was performed on 150 postpartum cattle with clinical abscess symptoms on 22 farms around Tehran, Iran. Classical and disk diffusion methods are used for phenotypic characterization and antibiotic susceptibility. Detection of virulence factor encoding genes and genomic characterization of the isolates also are carried out by conventional PCR and BOX-PCR assays, respectively. Sixty-eight T. pyogenes strains (45.3%) were isolated, 12 were identified as pure cultures and the other 56 strains were isolated from mixed cultures. Seven distinct biotypes were identified among the T. pyogenes isolates. The isolates were mostly resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70.6%), erythromycin (36.7%), tetracycline (26.5%) and tylosin (23.5%) antibiotics. Also, the genes plo, nanH, nanP and fimA were detected in all isolates. Forty-two isolates (61.7%) carried all virulence factor genes detected in this study. Three isolates only carried plo, nanH, nanP and fimA genes were identified as the least frequent genotype. All sixty-eight isolates and the reference strain were categorized into seven main clusters (A-G). A strong association was observed between virulence factor encoding genes, pathogenicity and biochemical biotypes in some specific clonal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iradj Ashrafi Tamai
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Pezhman Mahmoodi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Babak Pakbin
- Institute for Life Technologies, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais-Wallis, 1950 Sion 2, Switzerland
| | - Taghi Zahraei Salehi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Thakur Z, Vaid RK, Anand T, Tripathi BN. Comparative Genome Analysis of 19 Trueperella pyogenes Strains Originating from Different Animal Species Reveal a Genetically Diverse Open Pan-Genome. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010024. [PMID: 36671226 PMCID: PMC9854608 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that causes severe cases of mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia in a wide range of animals, resulting in significant economic losses. Although little is known about the virulence factors involved in the disease pathogenesis, a comprehensive comparative genome analysis of T. pyogenes genomes has not been performed till date. Hence, present investigation was carried out to characterize and compare 19 T. pyogenes genomes originating in different geographical origins including the draftgenome of the first Indian origin strain T. pyogenes Bu5. Additionally, candidate virulence determinants that could be crucial for their pathogenesis were also detected and analyzed by using various bioinformatics tools. The pan-genome calculations revealed an open pan-genome of T. pyogenes. In addition, an inventory of virulence related genes, 190 genomic islands, 31 prophage sequences, and 40 antibiotic resistance genes that could play a significant role in organism's pathogenicity were detected. The core-genome based phylogeny of T. pyogenes demonstrates a polyphyletic, host-associated group with a high degree of genomic diversity. The identified core-genome can be further used for screening of drug and vaccine targets. The investigation has provided unique insights into pan-genome, virulome, mobiliome, and resistome of T. pyogenes genomes and laid the foundation for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoozeal Thakur
- Bacteriology Laboratory, National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Vaid
- Bacteriology Laboratory, National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Taruna Anand
- Bacteriology Laboratory, National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Bhupendra Nath Tripathi
- Bacteriology Laboratory, National Centre for Veterinary Type Cultures, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
- Division of Animal Science, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 110001, India
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Karthik K, Anbazhagan S, Ananda Chitra M, Bharathi R, Venkataramanan R, Manobhavan M, Meenakshi Sundaram S, Sridhar R. Comparative genomics of Trueperella pyogenes available in the genome database reveals multidrug resistance genomic islands. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 31:216-221. [PMID: 36210029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An opportunistic pathogen, Trueperella pyogenes can infect cattle, buffalo, pig, goat, cat, dog, forest musk deer, etc., affecting various organs. The aim of this study was to identify the multidrug resistance genomic islands of T. pyogenes genomes available in NCBI database and also in the recently isolated strain TN_CUL_2020. METHODS The strain TN_CUL_2020 isolated from swine lung abscess was sequenced by Illumina platform, and all the available T. pyogenes genome in NCBI database was retrieved for the comparative analysis. The ABRicate searches was used to identify antimicrobial resistance genes, and genomic islands (GIs) were predicted using IslandViewer 4. RESULTS The strains SH01, SH02, and TP1 were predicted with maximum number of drug resistance genes. Genomic islands identified had multidrug resistance genes along with the class I integron and/or IS6100 elements in SH01, SH02, TP1. Composite transposons of IS6100 were noted in T2849, T4479, and TP3 intercalating tet(33) resistance genes. Several strains were predicted with phage elements, type IV secretion system, the toxin-antitoxin system in the GIs. CONCLUSION Swine strains SH01, SH02 were predicted with multidrug resistance genes along with class I integrons. The presence of class I integrons, insertional elements, type IV secretion system, toxin-antitoxin system, and phage elements may aid in the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Subbaiyan Anbazhagan
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India; ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research, Hyderabad
| | - Murugesan Ananda Chitra
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Bharathi
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ragothaman Venkataramanan
- Livestock Farm Complex, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Manobhavan
- Livestock Farm Complex, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramaswamy Sridhar
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wu Y, Xiang L, Wang H, Ma L, Qiu X, Liu D, Feng L, Lu X. Transcriptome analysis of an arsenite-/antimonite-oxidizer, Bosea sp. AS-1 reveals the importance of the type 4 secretion system in antimony resistance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154168. [PMID: 35231521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bosea sp. AS-1 is an arsenite [As(III)] and antimonite [Sb(III)] oxidizer previously isolated by our group from the Xikuangshan Antimony (Sb) Mine area. Our previous study showed that Bosea sp. AS-1 had a preference for oxidizing As(III) or Sb(III) with different carbon sources, which suggested that different metabolic mechanisms may be utilized by the bacteria to survive in As(III)- or Sb(III)-contaminated environments. Here, we conducted whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing to reveal the molecular mechanisms utilized by Bosea sp. AS-1 to resist As(III) or Sb(III). We discovered that AS-1 acquired various As- and Sb-resistant genes in its genome and might resist As(III) or Sb(III) through the regulation of multiple pathways, such as As and Sb metabolism, the bacterial secretion system, oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle and bacterial flagellar motility. Interestingly, we discovered that genes of the type IV secretion system (T4SS) were activated in response to Sb(III), and inhibiting T4SS activity in AS-1 dramatically reduced its oxidation efficiency and tolerance to Sb(III). To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the activation of T4SS genes by Sb and a direct involvement of T4SS in bacterial Sb resistance. Our findings establish the T4SS as an important Sb resistance factor in bacteria and may help us understand the spread of Sb resistance genes in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Wu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Xiang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of China (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of China (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Deng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolu Lu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
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Identification of Three Novel PmGRI1 Genomic Resistance Islands and One Multidrug Resistant Hybrid Structure of Tn 7-like Transposon and PmGRI1 in Proteus mirabilis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101268. [PMID: 34680847 PMCID: PMC8532799 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of antibiotics in large-scale livestock production has led to serious antibiotic resistance. Proteus mirabilis is an important pathogenic bacterium on large-scale farms. Chromosomally localized mobilizable genetic elements (genomic islands) and mobile genetic elements (Tn7-like transposons) play an important role in the acquisition and transmission of resistance genes by P. mirabilis. To study the prevalence and resistance characteristics of antibiotic-resistant genomic islands in P. mirabilis of animal origin in China, we performed whole genome sequencing of P. mirabilis isolated from large-scale pig and chicken farms. Three new variants of PmGRI1 (HN31, YN8, and YN9), and a hybrid structure (HN2p) formed by the multidrug-resistant Tn7-like-HN2p transposon and a genomic island PmGRI1-HN2p, were identified from P. mirabilis. All variants underwent homologous recombination mediated by insertion sequence IS26. A genomic rearrangement in the chromosome between the Tn7-like-HN2p transposon and PmGRI1-HN2p occurred in HN2p. The heterozygous structure contained various antimicrobial resistance genes, including three copies of fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrA1 and 16S rRNA methylase gene rmtB, which are rarely found in P. mirabilis. Our results highlight the structural genetic diversity of genomic islands by characterizing the novel variants of PmGRI1 and enrich the research base of multidrug resistance genomic islands.
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Kwiecień E, Stefańska I, Chrobak-Chmiel D, Kizerwetter-Świda M, Moroz A, Olech W, Spinu M, Binek M, Rzewuska M. Trueperella pyogenes Isolates from Livestock and European Bison ( Bison bonasus) as a Reservoir of Tetracycline Resistance Determinants. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:380. [PMID: 33916765 PMCID: PMC8065510 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Determinants of tetracycline resistance in Trueperella pyogenes are still poorly known. In this study, resistance to tetracycline was investigated in 114 T. pyogenes isolates from livestock and European bison. Tetracycline minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated by a microdilution method, and tetracycline resistance genes were detected by PCR. To determine variants of tetW and their linkage with mobile elements, sequencing analysis was performed. Among the studied isolates, 43.0% were tetracycline resistant (MIC ≥ 8 µg/mL). The highest MIC90 of tetracycline (32 µg/mL) was noted in bovine and European bison isolates. The most prevalent determinant of tetracycline resistance was tetW (in 40.4% of isolates), while tetA(33) was detected only in 8.8% of isolates. Four variants of tetW (tetW-1, tetW-2, tetW-3, tetW-4) were recognized. The tetW-3 variant was the most frequent and was linked to the ATE-1 transposon. The tetW-2 variant, found in a swine isolate, was not previously reported in T. pyogenes. This is the first report on determinants of tetracycline resistance in T. pyogenes isolates from European bison. These findings highlight that wild animals, including wild ruminants not treated with antimicrobials, can be a reservoir of tetracycline-resistant bacteria carrying resistance determinants, which may be easily spread among pathogenic and environmental microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kwiecień
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
| | - Ilona Stefańska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
| | - Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
| | - Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
| | - Agata Moroz
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wanda Olech
- Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marina Spinu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Law and Ethics, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Marian Binek
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
| | - Magdalena Rzewuska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8 St., 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; (I.S.); (D.C.-C.); (M.K.-Ś.); (M.B.)
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Li W, Wang A. Genomic islands mediate environmental adaptation and the spread of antibiotic resistance in multiresistant Enterococci - evidence from genomic sequences. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:55. [PMID: 33602143 PMCID: PMC7893910 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic islands (GIs) play an important role in the chromosome diversity of Enterococcus. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the spread of GIs between Enterococcus strains and their correlation with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Bitsliced Genomic Signature Indexes (BIGSI) were used to screen the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) for multiple resistant Enterococcus. A total of 37 pairs of raw reads were screened from 457,000 whole-genome sequences (WGS) in the SRA database, which come from 37 Enterococci distributed in eight countries. These raw reads were assembled for the prediction and analysis of GIs, ARGs, plasmids and prophages. Results The results showed that GIs were universal in Enterococcus, with an average of 3.2 GIs in each strain. Network analysis showed that frequent genetic information exchanges mediated by GIs occurred between Enterococcus strains. Seven antibiotic-resistant genomic islands (ARGIs) were found to carry one to three ARGs, mdtG, tetM, dfrG, lnuG, and fexA, in six strains. These ARGIs were involved in the spread of antibiotic resistance in 45.9% of the 37 strains, although there was no significant positive correlation between the frequency of GI exchanges and the number of ARGs each strain harboured (r = 0. 287, p = 0.085). After comprehensively analysing the genome data, we found that partial GIs were associated with multiple mobile genetic elements (transposons, integrons, prophages and plasmids) and had potential natural transformation characteristics. Conclusions All of these results based on genomic sequencing suggest that GIs might mediate the acquisition of some ARGs and might be involved in the high genome plasticity of Enterococcus through transformation, transduction and conjugation, thus providing a fitness advantage for Enterococcus hosts under complex environmental factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02114-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- School of Life Science,
- Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Ailan Wang
- School of Life Science,
- Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
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10
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Pei J, Xiong L, Chu M, Guo X, Yan P. Effect of intramolecular disulfide bond of bovine lactoferricin on its molecular structure and antibacterial activity against Trueperella pyogenes separated from cow milk with mastitis. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:401. [PMID: 33097042 PMCID: PMC7585202 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02620-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactoferricin (Lfcin) is an antimicrobial activity center of lactoferrin, produced by hydrolysis from the N-terminal of lactoferrin. It was hypothesized that the intramolecular disulfide bond in Lfcin could affect its antibacterial function through influencing its molecular structure. To prove this hypothesis, bovine Lfcin (bLfcin) and its two derivatives, bLfcin with an intramolecular disulfate bond (bLfcin DB) and bLfcin with a mutation C36G (bLfcin C36G), were synthesized, purified, and identified. The circular dichroism spectra of the peptides were detected in solutions with different ionic and hydrophobic strength. The antibacterial activity of the peptides against Trueperella pyogenes, separated from cow milk with mastitis, were determined. Results The secondary structure of bLfcin DB showed more β-turn and less random coil than the other peptides in H2O, similar ratios of secondary structures with bLfcin and bLfcin C36G under ionic conditions, and close percentages of secondary structure with bLfcin under hydrophobic conditions. The synthetic peptides exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against T. pyogenes isolates, T. pyogenes ATCC 19,411, and E. coli ATCC 25,922. The antimicrobial activities of the three peptides were greater against T. pyogenes than against E. coli, and bLfcin DB exhibited higher antibacterial activity compared with its derivatives. Conclusions The intramolecular disulfide bond could change the molecular structure of bLfcin under alternative ionic strengths and hydrophobic effects, and the formation of the disulfide bond is beneficial to executing the antibacterial function of bLfcin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pei
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, 730050, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, 730050, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Chu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, 730050, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, 730050, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Ping Yan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory for Yak Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction Engineering of Gansu Province, 730050, Lanzhou, China.
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