1
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Sheng W, Wang K, Gui Y, Qi X, Shen L, Zhang Y, Tang C, Li X, Tao J, Cao C, Qian W, Liu J. Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolates from pigeon meat farms in Shanghai (2009-2012). Sci Rep 2024; 14:10741. [PMID: 38730036 PMCID: PMC11087573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) strains are generally non-pathogenic to chickens; however, they can induce severe illness and high mortality rates in pigeons, leading to substantial economic repercussions. The genomes of 11 PPMV-1 isolates from deceased pigeons on meat pigeon farms during passive monitoring from 2009 to 2012 were sequenced and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. The complete genome lengths of 11 isolates were approximately 15,192 nucleotides, displaying a consistent gene order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. ALL isolates exhibited the characteristic motif of 112RRQKRF117 at the fusion protein cleavage site, which is characteristic of velogenic Newcastle disease virus. Moreover, multiple mutations have been identified within the functional domains of the F and HN proteins, encompassing the fusion peptide, heptad repeat region, transmembrane domains, and neutralizing epitopes. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the F gene unveiled that all isolates clustered within genotype VI in class II. Further classification identified at least two distinct sub-genotypes, with seven isolates classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, whereas the others were classified as sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.1. This study suggests that both sub-genotypes were implicated in severe disease manifestation among meat pigeons, with sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 displaying an increasing prevalence among Shanghai's meat pigeon population since 2011. These results emphasize the value of developing pigeon-specific vaccines and molecular diagnostic tools for monitoring and proactively managing potential PPMV-1 outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Sheng
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Kexuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yaping Gui
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Xinyong Qi
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Congsheng Tang
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Shanghai Jiading District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Chuangui Cao
- Shanghai Jiading District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Weidong Qian
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai, 201103, China.
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2
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Wang Z, Geng Z, Zhou H, Chen P, Qian J, Guo A. Genetic Characterization, Pathogenicity, and Epidemiology Analysis of Three Sub-Genotype Pigeon Newcastle Disease Virus Strains in China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:738. [PMID: 38674682 PMCID: PMC11051795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigeon Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious infectious illness caused by the pigeon Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or Paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1). Genotype VI NDV is a primary factor in ND among Columbiformes (such as pigeons and doves). In a recent study, eight pigeon NDV strains were discovered in various provinces in China. These viruses exhibited mesogenic characteristics based on their MDT and ICPI values. The complete genome sequences of these eight strains showed a 90.40% to 99.19% identity match with reference strains of genotype VI, and a 77.86% to 80.45% identity match with the genotype II vaccine strain. Additionally, analysis of the F gene sequence revealed that these NDV strains were closely associated with sub-genotypes VI.2.2.2, VI.2.1.1.2.1, and VI.2.1.1.2.2. The amino acid sequence at the cleavage site of the F protein indicated virulent characteristics, with the sequences 112KRQKRF117 and 112RRQKRF117 observed. Pigeons infected with these sub-genotype strains had a low survival rate of only 20% to 30%, along with lesions in multiple tissues, highlighting the strong spread and high pathogenicity of these pigeon NDV strains. Molecular epidemiology data from the GenBank database revealed that sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 strains have been prevalent since 2011. In summary, the findings demonstrate that the prevalence of genotype VI NDV is due to strains from diverse sub-genotypes, with the sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 strain emerging as the current epidemic strain, highlighting the significance of monitoring pigeon NDV in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
- Zhoukou Animal and Plant Disease Prevention and Control Center, Zhoukou 466000, China
| | - Zhengyang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
| | - Pengju Chen
- Henan Institute of Modern Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
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3
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Cui S, Xiong H, Feng Z, Chu Y, Que C, Qin J, Pan Y, Yu K, Jia L, Yao X, Liao J, Huo D, Guo C, Zhao H, Xu M, Tian Y, Peng Q, Li F, Xu H, Hong R, Zhang D, Wang G, Yang P, Gao GF, Wang Q. Severe pigeon paramyxovirus 1 infection in a human case with probable post-COVID-19 condition. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2251600. [PMID: 37606967 PMCID: PMC10469423 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2251600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic host variant of avian paramyxovirus 1. Sporadic outbreaks of PPMV-1 infection have occurred in pigeons in China; however, few cases of human PPMV-1 infection have been reported. The purpose of this article is to report a case of severe human PPMV-1 infection in an individual with probable post-COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID) who presented with rapidly progressing pulmonary infection. The patient was a 66-year-old man who was admitted to the intensive care unit 11 days after onset of pneumonia and recovered 64 days after onset. PPMV-1 was isolated from the patient's sputum and in cloacal smear samples from domesticated pigeons belonging to the patient's neighbour. Residual severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was detected in respiratory and anal swab samples from the patient. Sequencing analyses revealed that the PPMV-1 genome belonged to genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 and had the 112RRQKRF117 motif in the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is indicative of high virulence. This case of cross-species transmission of PPMV-1 from a pigeon to a human highlights the risk of severe PPMV-1 infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with long COVID. Enhanced surveillance for increased risk of severe viral infection is warranted in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Cui
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Feng
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengli Que
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingning Qin
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Pan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunyao Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Jia
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of infection control, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Huo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiyan Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runsheng Hong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daitao Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Liu H, Li T, Ding S, Tang J, Wang C, Wang D. Complete genome sequence analysis and biological characteristics of Newcastle disease viruses from different hosts in China. Virus Genes 2023; 59:449-456. [PMID: 36929339 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-01988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most serious diseases affecting poultry worldwide. In 2022, we studied two strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from pigeons and magpies identified by PCR and propagated in SPF chicken embryos. The whole genome of the virus was then expanded and its biological characteristics were studied. The results showed that NDV was isolated from pigeons and magpies. Virus present in the allantoic fluid could agglutinate red blood cells and could not be neutralized by serum positive for avian influenza. Sequencing showed that the gene length of the two isolates was 15,191 bp, had high homology and was located in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree, both belonging to genotype VI.1.1. The sequence of 112-117 amino acids in the F gene sequence was 112R-R-Q-K-R-F117, which constituted virulent strain characteristics. The HN gene contained 577 amino acids, which is also consistent with the characteristics of a virulent strain. The results from the study of biological characteristics revealed that the virulence of SX/TY/Pi01/22 was slightly stronger. There were only four different bases in the complete sequence of the two strains. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the G at 11,847 site of the SX/TY/Ma01/22 strain may change to T, leading to translation of amino acids from R to S, thereby weakening viral virulence. Therefore, NDV was transmitted from pigeons to magpies, indicating that the pathogen could be transmitted between poultry and wild birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Shurong Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Juan Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Caixian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Dongcai Wang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
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5
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Zou X, Suo L, Wang Y, Cao H, Mu S, Wu C, Yan L, Qi X, Lu J, Lu B, Fan Y, Li H, Huang L, Ren L, Liu B, Cao B. Concurrent pigeon paramyxovirus-1 and Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a fatal case of pneumonia. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:968-977. [PMID: 35290154 PMCID: PMC8973364 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2054366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1), an antigenic variant of avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1), mainly infects pigeons. PPMV-1 genotype VI is the dominant genotype infecting pigeons in China. Human infection of avian paramyxovirus was rarely reported, and usually developed mild symptoms, such as conjunctivitis. We detected PPMV-1 in the lower respiratory sample from a fatal case with severe pneumonia; this patient aged 64 years presented cough, fever, and haemoptysis for 8 days and was admitted to hospital on Dec 26, 2020. He developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis in the following days and died of multiple organ failure on Jan 7, 2021. Sputum and blood culture reported multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (ABA) for samples collected on days 22 and 19 post-illness, respectively. However, clinical metagenomic sequencing further reported PPMV-1 besides ABA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The PPMV-1 genome showed 99.21% identity with a Chinese strain and belonged to VI genotype by BLAST analysis. Multiple basic amino acids were observed at the cleavage site of F protein (113RKKRF117), which indicated high virulence of this PPMV-1 strain to poultry. The patient had close contact with pigeons before his illness, and PPMV-1 nucleic acid was detected from the pigeon feather. PPMV antibody was also detected in the patient serum 20 days after illness. In conclusion, concurrent PPMV-1 genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 and ABA infection were identified in a fatal pneumonia case, and cross-species transmission of PPMV-1 may occur between infected pigeons and the human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Suo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Cao
- Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghuai Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Fan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixue Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Respiratory Infection and Clinical Microbiology & Zibo City Engineering Technology Research Center of Etiology Molecular Diagnosis, Zibo, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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6
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Surveillance of Class I Newcastle Disease Virus at Live Bird Markets in China and Identification of Variants with Increased Virulence and Replication Capacity. J Virol 2022; 96:e0024122. [PMID: 35510864 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00241-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 232 class I Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) were identified from multiple bird species at nationwide live bird markets (LBMs) from 2017 to 2019 in China. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all 232 isolates were clustered into genotype 1.1.2 of class I on the basis of the fusion (F) gene sequences, which were distinct from the genotypes identified in other countries. Most of the isolates (212/232) were shown to have the typical F gene molecular characteristics of class I NDVs, while a few (20/232) contained mutations at the site of the conventional start codon of the F gene, which resulted in open reading frames (ORFs) altered in length. The isolates with ACG, CTA, and ATA mutations showed different levels of increased virulence and replication capacity, suggesting that these viruses may be transitional types during the evolution of class I NDVs from avirulent to virulent. Further evaluation of biological characteristics with recombinant viruses obtained by reverse genetics demonstrated that the ATG located at genomic positions 4523 to 4525 was the authentic start codon in the F gene of class I NDV, and the specific ATA mutations which contributed to the expression of F protein on the surface of infected cells were the key determinants of increased replication capacity and virulence. Interestingly, the mutation at the corresponding site of genotype II LaSota of class II had no effects on the virulence and replication capacity in chickens. Our results suggest that the alteration of virulence and replication capacity caused by specific mutations in the F gene could be a specific characteristic of class I NDVs and indicate the possibility of the emergence of virulent NDVs due to the persistent circulation of class I NDVs. IMPORTANCE The available information on the distribution, genetic diversity, evolution, and biological characteristics of class I Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) in domestic poultry is currently very limited. Here, identification of class I NDVs at nationwide live bird markets (LBMs) in China was performed and representative isolates were characterized. A widespread distribution of genotype 1.1.2 of class I NDVs was found in multiple bird species at LBMs in China. Though most isolates demonstrated typical molecular characteristics of class I NDVs, a few that contained specific mutations at the site of the conventional start codon of the fusion gene with increased virulence and replication capacity were identified for the first time. Our findings indicate that the virulence of class I NDVs could have evolved, and the widespread transmission and circulation of class I NDVs may represent a potential threat for disease outbreaks in poultry.
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7
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Zhan T, He D, Lu X, Liao T, Wang W, Chen Q, Liu X, Gu M, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Biological Characterization and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in China. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:721102. [PMID: 34722696 PMCID: PMC8548471 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is considered as an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which has an obvious host preference for pigeons and has caused significant economic losses to the global poultry industry. The evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 in China, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized seven PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons collected in Jiangsu, Anhui, and Henan provinces during 2020. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Biological characterization indicated that seven isolates were mesogenic based on the mean death time (69.6-91.2 h) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.19-1.40) and had similar growth kinetics in chicken embryos and CEFs. Furthermore, the four representative viruses (AH/01/20/Pi, JS/06/20/Pi, HN/01/20/Pi, and HN/02/20/Pi) could result in marked cytopathic effects (CPE) in CEFs and induced syncytium formation in Vero cells. Our Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that PPMV-1 might first emerge in East China in 1974 and East China had the highest genotypic diversity of PPMV-1. Besides, phylogeographic analysis indicated that East China and South China were probably the major epicenters of dissemination of PPMV-1 in China. Selection pressure analysis and amino acid substitutions analysis revealed that the viral replication complex (NP, P, and L proteins) was likely related with the host preference of PPMV-1. Collectively, this study uncovered the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 circulating in China, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the monitoring of PPMV-1 in East China and South China and providing significant clues for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying host preference of PPMV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Liao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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8
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Trogu T, Canziani S, Salvato S, Tolini C, Grilli G, Chiari M, Farioli M, Alborali L, Gaffuri A, Sala G, Bianchi A, Rosignoli C, Prati P, Gradassi M, Sozzi E, Lelli D, Lavazza A, Moreno A. Survey on the Presence of Viruses of Economic and Zoonotic Importance in Avifauna in Northern Italy. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1957. [PMID: 34576852 PMCID: PMC8471648 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild birds play an important role in the circulation and spread of pathogens that are potentially zoonotic or of high economic impact on zootechnical production. They include, for example, West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), avian influenza virus (AIV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), which, despite having mostly an asymptomatic course in wild birds, have a strong impact on public health and zootechnical production. This study investigated the presence of these viruses in several wild bird species from North Italy during the biennium 2019-2020. Wild birds derived from 76 different species belonging to 20 orders. Out of 679 birds, 27 were positive for WNV (lineage 2) with a prevalence of 4%; all birds were negative for USUV; one gull was positive for H13N6 influenza virus, and 12 samples were positive for NDV with a prevalence of 2%. Despite the low prevalence observed, the analyses performed on these species provide further data, allowing a better understanding of the diffusion and evolution of diseases of both economic and zoonotic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Trogu
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Sabrina Canziani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Sara Salvato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Clara Tolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Guido Grilli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Mario Chiari
- Direzione Generale Welfare, Regional Health Authority of Lombardy, 20124 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Farioli
- Direzione Generale Welfare, Regional Health Authority of Lombardy, 20124 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Loris Alborali
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Gaffuri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Giovanni Sala
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Bianchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Carlo Rosignoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Paola Prati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Matteo Gradassi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Enrica Sozzi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Davide Lelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Lavazza
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Moreno
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (T.T.); (S.S.); (C.T.); (L.A.); (A.G.); (G.S.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (P.P.); (M.G.); (E.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
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9
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Zhan T, Lu X, He D, Gao X, Chen Y, Hu Z, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity assessment of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 circulating in China during 2007-2019. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:2076-2088. [PMID: 34213072 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is mainly associated with infections of pigeons and has the potential to result in disease in chickens. In this study, we characterised 21 PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons in China during 2007-2019. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to genotype VI. Among them, most isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, suggesting that VI.2.1.1.2.2 has become a prevalent genotype in pigeons in China. The results showed that all PPMV-1 isolates were mesogenic in nature according to the mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI). In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that two genetically closely related isolates (Pi-11 and Pi-10) both of which belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 had similar replication kinetics in cells derived from pigeons, while the replication titre of Pi-11 was significantly higher than that of Pi-10 in cells derived from chickens. Pi-11 and Pi-10 could contribute to morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Remarkably, although the two viruses resulted in no apparent disease symptom in chickens, Pi-11 could cause more severe histopathological lesions and had a stronger replication ability in chickens compared to Pi-10. Moreover, chickens infected with Pi-11 had higher shedding efficiency than chickens infected with Pi-10. Additionally, several mutations within important functional regions of the fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins might be associated with different pathogenicity of the two viruses in chickens. Collectively, these results indicated that the Pi-11-like virus of pigeon origin has the potential to induce severe outbreaks in chicken flocks. These findings will help us better understand the epidemiology and evolution of PPMV-1 in China and serve as a foundation for the further investigation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenic difference of PPMV-1 isolates in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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10
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Development of a TaqMan loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid detection of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1599-1605. [PMID: 33755802 PMCID: PMC7986176 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) is a strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has adapted to infect pigeons and poses a constant threat to the commercial poultry industry. Early detection via rapid and sensitive methods, along with timely preventative and mitigating actions, is important for reducing the spread of PPMV-1. Here, we report the development of a TaqMan loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (TaqMan-LAMP) for rapid and specific detection of PPMV-1 based on the F gene. This system makes use of six novel primers and a TaqMan probe that targets nine distinct regions of the F gene that are highly conserved among PPMV-1 isolates. The results showed that the limit of detection was 10 copies μL-1 for PPMV-1 cDNA and 0.1 ng for PPMV-1 RNA. The reaction was completed within 25 min and was thus faster than conventional RT-PCR. Moreover, no cross-reactions with similar viruses or with peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) or NDV LaSota vaccine strains were observed under the same conditions. To evaluate the applicability of the assay, the TaqMan-LAMP assay and a commercial RT-PCR assay were compared using 108 clinical samples, and the concordance rate between two methods was found to be 96.3%. The newly developed PPMV-1 TaqMan-LAMP assay can therefore be used for simple, efficient, rapid, specific, and sensitive diagnosis of PPMV-1 infections.
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