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Königová A, Burcáková Ľ, Babják M, Dolinská MU, Kostecká Z, Šimková J, Kremeň J, Kuzmina TA, Várady M. Efficacy of a single-dose albendazole against lancet liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum and liver enzymes activity in naturally infected sheep. Exp Parasitol 2024; 256:108656. [PMID: 38097154 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Infections with D. dendriticum are distributed worldwide and mostly associated with ruminant livestock. Depending on the length and strength of the infection it can be manifested with losses in milk production, reductions in milk and wool quality, decreased weight gains, reproductive performance and poor carcass quality. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of albendazole (ABZ) against the lancet liver fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum in naturally infected sheep using parasitological methods. Twenty-four sheep were divided into four groups: two untreated control groups (C1, C2) and two treated groups (T1, T2), with six animals in each group. The sheep in the treated groups were administered a single oral dose (15 mg/kg bwt) of ABZ suspension. After ABZ treatment the animals were slaughtered on Day 14 (groups C1, T1) and Day 30 (groups C2, T2) and were necropsied. Coprological therapeutic ABZ efficacy reached 92.4% on Day 14 (P < 0.001) and 88.5% on Day 30 (P < 0.001). On Day 30, the serum activities of hepatic and cholestatic enzymes including serological analysis of total protein concentration (TP) and protein fractions were evaluated. Significant decrease of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P < 0.01) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (P < 0.05) activity by 36.9% and 34.6%, respectively, were detected for sheep in T2 group. These enzymes showed a strong positive correlation to fluke burden: AST (r = 0.654) and GGT (r = 0.768), respectively (P < 0.05). Additionally, the electrophoretic analysis of serum total protein and protein fraction concentrations revealed minimal hypoproteinemia and hyperalbuminemia after ABZ treatment. The decrease of liver enzyme activities and their correlation with fluke burden may indicate recovery of hepatocellular and biliary damage following the reduction of fluke burdens after ABZ therapy. A decline in AST and GGT activity could serve as a valuable adjunct bioindicator of liver damage and fluke reduction after treatment of dicrocoeliosis in naturally infected sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alžbeta Königová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ľudmila Burcáková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michal Babják
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Urda Dolinská
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kostecká
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Šimková
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Kremeň
- Department of General Competencies, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tetiana A Kuzmina
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia; I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Bogdan Khmelnytsky Street, 15, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marián Várady
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
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2
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Beltrame MO, Moviglia GS, De Tommaso D, Quintana S. Gastrointestinal parasites of domestic sheep from Patagonia throughout historical times: A paleoparasitological approach. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023; 44:100915. [PMID: 37652634 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Sheep husbandry in Patagonia, Argentina, started at the beginning of the 20th century from European settlers. Sanitary management is minimal, which has serious implications for the sheep health. Sheep can be infested by diverse parasites, with well over 150 species of internal and external parasites reported worldwide. Gastrointestinal parasitism is one of the most common and important infections in sheep concerning the health status, and is the cause of significant morbidity and mortality, which generates considerable production losses. The present work is the first paleoparasitological study of sheep coprolites from Patagonia throughout historical times. Fifty-seven coprolites from the 'Cueva Peligro' archaeological site (Patagonia, Argentina) were analyzed using the Lutz spontaneous sedimentation technique and the modified Faust flotation technique. Ancient DNA (aDNA) study was carried out in order to identify the zoological origin of coprolites. The results obtained from Cytb analysis confirmed the identity of the host as Ovis aries (domestic sheep). A total of 39 coprolites examined were positive for parasites by at least one of the studied methods. Thirty eight samples were positive by spontaneous sedimentation and 10 samples were positive by the modified Faust technique. The parasitic fauna found was Trichuris sp. (Trichinellida: Trichuridae), Nematodirus sp., Nematodirus spathiger (Strongylida, Trichostrongyloidea), two unidentified Strongylida-type egg morphotypes, Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Digenea) and coccidia oocysts of Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). The modified Faust technique provided satisfactory results in terms of sensitivity for the detection of Eimeria spp. The use of this methodology as a routine procedure enables the processing of ancient samples, in order to increase recoveries. These results show the importance of integrating different diagnostic approaches in order to optimize parasitic findings. The recorded parasite diversity appears to have not changed over the last 120 years. The study displayed the presence of different parasitic species which suggests potential exposure to parasitic diseases through the historical times, both for sheep and for other domestic and wild mammals from Patagonia. Also, suggests the presence of fasciolosis, a zoonotic disease that implies a potential risk for Patagonian populations in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ornela Beltrame
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gloria Sofía Moviglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Daniela De Tommaso
- Grupo de Investigación en Gestión, Desarrollo Territorial y Ambiente (GesDTA), Facultad Regional Chubut, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (FRCh-UTN)
| | - Silvina Quintana
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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3
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Charlier J, Bartley DJ, Sotiraki S, Martinez-Valladares M, Claerebout E, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Thamsborg SM, Hoste H, Morgan ER, Rinaldi L. Anthelmintic resistance in ruminants: challenges and solutions. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2022; 115:171-227. [PMID: 35249662 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anthelmintic resistance (AR) is a growing concern for effective parasite control in farmed ruminants globally. Combatting AR will require intensified and integrated research efforts in the development of innovative diagnostic tests to detect helminth infections and AR, sustainable anthelmintic treatment strategies and the development of complementary control approaches such as vaccination and plant-based control. It will also require a better understanding of socio-economic drivers of anthelmintic treatment decisions, in order to support a behavioural shift and develop targeted communication strategies that promote the uptake of evidence-based sustainable solutions. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in these different fields of research activity related to AR in helminths of livestock ruminants in Europe and beyond. We conclude that in the advent of new challenges and solutions emerging from continuing spread of AR and intensified research efforts, respectively, there is a strong need for transnational multi-actor initiatives. These should involve all key stakeholders to develop indicators of infection and sustainable control, set targets and promote good practices to achieve them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D J Bartley
- Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, United Kingdom
| | - S Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation ELGO-DIMITRA, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Martinez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, León, Spain
| | - E Claerebout
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - G von Samson-Himmelstjerna
- Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S M Thamsborg
- Veterinary Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - H Hoste
- INRAE, UMR 1225 IHAP INRAE/ENVT, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - E R Morgan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - L Rinaldi
- University of Naples Federico II, Unit of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, Napoli, Italy.
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Wu YD, Wang QQ, Wang M, Elsheikha HM, Yang X, Hu M, Zhu XQ, Xu MJ. Development of a Lateral Flow Strip-Based Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for the Detection of Haemonchus contortus in Goat Feces. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 59:167-171. [PMID: 33951773 PMCID: PMC8106983 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Haemonchosis remains a significant problem in small ruminants. In this study, the assay of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with the lateral flow strip (LFS-RPA) was established for the rapid detection of Haemonchus contortus in goat feces. The assay used primers and a probe targeting a specific sequence in the ITS-2 gene. We compared the performance of the LFS-RPA assay to a PCR assay. The LFS-RPA had a detection limit of 10 fg DNA, which was 10 times less compared to the lowest detection limit obtained by PCR. Out of 24 goat fecal samples, LFS-RPA assay detected H. contortus DNA with 95.8% sensitivity, compared to PCR, 79.1% sensitivity. LFS-RPA assay did not detect DNA from other related helminth species and demonstrated an adequate tolerance to inhibitors present in the goat feces. Taken together, our results suggest that LFS-RPA assay had a high diagnostic accuracy for the rapid detection of H. contortus and merits further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dong Wu
- Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Qi-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, PR China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, PR China
| | - Min-Jun Xu
- Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Hassan NMF, Aboelsoued D, Farag TK, Hassan SE, Abu El Ezz NMT. Assessment of Haemonchus contortus larval and adult somatic antigens in sero-diagnosis of haemonchosis in naturally infected sheep and goats. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:718-725. [PMID: 31749544 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work was carried out to evaluate the potency of larval and adult somatic Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) antigens in detection of haemonchosis among sheep and goats using ELISA. Two hundred and forty-three fecal and blood samples were randomly collected from small ruminants (107 sheep and 136 goats) in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt, during the period from June to August 2018. The fecal analysis exhibited that 26.33% of the small ruminants were infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The overall prevalence of H. contortus was reached 22.22% whereas it was 27.10% and 18.38% among sheep and goats, respectively. The current study elucidated that the larval antigen has claimed more superior diagnostic results compared to the adult somatic H. contortus antigen. The apparent overall sero-prevalence among small ruminants was reached 51.85%. Separately, it was 64.48% in sheep and 41.91% in goats. The larval antigen had proved 96.55% sensitivity and 47.43% specificity, for sheep serum samples. Meanwhile, sensitivity and specificity for goats' sera were 100% and 71.17%, respectively. Diagnostic efficacy of ELISA was recorded 60.74% in sheep and 76.47% in goats. This study deduced that the larval antigen has proved the priority and the potency for diagnosis of H. contortus infection. Moreover, haemonchosis is a prevalent disease among the examined sheep and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M F Hassan
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth Street, P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboelsoued
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth Street, P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek K Farag
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth Street, P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Soad E Hassan
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth Street, P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia M T Abu El Ezz
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 Bohouth Street, P.O. Box: 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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6
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Charlier J, Thamsborg SM, Bartley DJ, Skuce PJ, Kenyon F, Geurden T, Hoste H, Williams AR, Sotiraki S, Höglund J, Chartier C, Geldhof P, van Dijk J, Rinaldi L, Morgan ER, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. Mind the gaps in research on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of farmed ruminants and pigs. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65 Suppl 1:217-234. [PMID: 29124904 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) nematode control has an important role to play in increasing livestock production from a limited natural resource base and to improve animal health and welfare. In this synthetic review, we identify key research priorities for GI nematode control in farmed ruminants and pigs, to support the development of roadmaps and strategic research agendas by governments, industry and policymakers. These priorities were derived from the DISCONTOOLS gap analysis for nematodes and follow-up discussions within the recently formed Livestock Helminth Research Alliance (LiHRA). In the face of ongoing spread of anthelmintic resistance (AR), we are increasingly faced with a failure of existing control methods against GI nematodes. Effective vaccines against GI nematodes are generally not available, and anthelmintic treatment will therefore remain a cornerstone for their effective control. At the same time, consumers and producers are increasingly concerned with environmental issues associated with chemical parasite control. To address current challenges in GI nematode control, it is crucial to deepen our insights into diverse aspects of epidemiology, AR, host immune mechanisms and the socio-psychological aspects of nematode control. This will enhance the development, and subsequent uptake, of the new diagnostics, vaccines, pharma-/nutraceuticals, control methods and decision support tools required to respond to the spread of AR and the shifting epidemiology of GI nematodes in response to climatic, land-use and farm husbandry changes. More emphasis needs to be placed on the upfront evaluation of the economic value of these innovations as well as the socio-psychological aspects to prioritize research and facilitate uptake of innovations in practice. Finally, targeted regulatory guidance is needed to create an innovation-supportive environment for industries and to accelerate the access to market of new control tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Charlier
- Kreavet, Kruibeke, Belgium.,Avia-GIS, Zoersel, Belgium
| | - S M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - P J Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F Kenyon
- Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - H Hoste
- UMR IHAP 1225, INRA, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A R Williams
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - S Sotiraki
- VetResInst, HAO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J Höglund
- BVF, Section for Parasitology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - P Geldhof
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J van Dijk
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Neston, Cheshire, UK
| | - L Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - E R Morgan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, North Somerset, UK
| | | | - J Vercruysse
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - E Claerebout
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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7
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Knubben-Schweizer G, Pfister K. [Anthelmintic resistance in ruminants: development, diagnostics, and procedures]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2017; 45:244-251. [PMID: 28765867 DOI: 10.15653/tpg-170287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants, but also in cattle and horses, is now found worldwide. The reason for increasing anthelmintic resistance is, in particular, the extensive use of all the anthelmintic agents available on the market. A non-targeted use leads to the selection of naturally occurring resistance genes within parasite populations. The most practical method for evaluating the efficacy of an anthelmintic is the fecal egg-count reduction test. To reduce the rate of anthelmintic resistance development, the available active substances must be applied less and in a targeted manner. When applying targeted (selective) treatment, part of the herd is left untreated. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the animals that require treatment for health or economic reasons. To decide on anthelmintic treatment, findings can be collected from single animals or from a group of animals in a herd. To determine which groups of animals are to be treated within a herd (targeted treatment), pooled fecal samples (cattle and small ruminants), serum pepsinogen concentration (cattle), or Ostertagia ostertagi antibodies in the bulk milk (cattle) can be analyzed. For individual animal (targeted selective) treatment, criteria including fecal egg count (cattle and small ruminants), conjuctival color as an indicator for infection with Haemonchus contortus (FAMACHA®, small ruminants), body condition in adult animals (small ruminants), weight gain in juvenile animals (cattle and small ruminants), and the consistency of the feces (small ruminants) are used. These decision criteria can also be combined to enhance the informative value. Furthermore, an efficacy test of the anthelmintics used should be performed regularly at the beginning of the pasture season. During the pasture season, a low infection pressure should be maintained by pasture management strategies. The goal of sustainable parasite management is the reduction of anthelmintic treatment while maintaining the productivity and health of the animals and thus a longer effectiveness of the available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer
- Prof. Dr. Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer, Klinik für Wiederkäuer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung, Tierärztliche Fakultät der LMU München, Sonnenstraße 16, 85764 Oberschleißheim, E-Mail:
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8
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Huang X, Gu X, Lai W, Peng X, Yang G. Characterization of glutathione S-transferase and its immunodiagnostic potential for detecting Taenia multiceps. Vet Parasitol 2017; 242:31-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Yang X, Qi MW, Zhang ZZ, Gao C, Wang CQ, Lei WQ, Tan L, Zhao JL, Fang R, Hu M. Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay for the Detection of Haemonchus contortus in Goat Fecal Samples. J Parasitol 2017; 103:161-167. [PMID: 28098507 DOI: 10.1645/16-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is one of the most significant strongylid nematodes infecting small ruminants, and it causes great economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis of H. contortus is crucial to control strategies. Traditional microscopic examinations are the most common methods for the diagnosis of H. contortus , but they are time-consuming and inaccurate. Molecular methods based on PCR are more accurate, but need expensive machines usually only used in the laboratory. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive method that has been widely used to detect viruses, bacteria, and parasites. In the present study, a LAMP method targeting ribosomal ITS-2 gene for detection of the H. contortus in goat fecal samples has been established. The established LAMP method was H. contortus specific, and the sensitivity of LAMP was the same as that of the H. contortus species-specific PCR, with the lowest DNA level detected as being 1 pg. Examination of the clinical samples indicated that the positive rate of LAMP was higher than that of PCR, but no statistical difference was observed between LAMP and PCR (χ2 = 17.991, P = 0.053). In conclusion, a LAMP assay with a high specificity and a good sensitivity has been developed to detect H. contortus infection in goats. The established LAMP assay is useful for clinical diagnosis of H. contortus .
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M W Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Z Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - W Q Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - L Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - J L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
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10
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Kandil OM, Hendawy SHM, El Namaky AH, Gabrashanska MP, Nanev VN. Evaluation of different Haemonchus contortus antigens for diagnosis of sheep haemonchosis by ELISA and their cross reactivity with other helminthes. J Parasit Dis 2016; 41:678-683. [PMID: 28848258 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-016-0865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) remains important nematode that infecting sheep all over the world. Truthful diagnosis of haemonchosis needs reliable Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test as well as the immuno-reactive protein profile of different prepared H. contortus antigens; larval (L), excretory secretory product (ESP) and adult somatic H. contortus (AS). The current study fulfilled that L antigen is the talented antigen for such serological diagnosis. Immunodominant band at molecular weight 57 kDa were answerable for highest specificity and accuracy of positive predictive value of this antigen. Moreover, the highest apparent prevalence value was 92 and 75% obtained by L and ESP antigens, respectively. The results of cross reactivity among AS, Monezia expansa (M. expansa) and Fasciola spp. revealed that AS antigen appeared major cross reactivity with other cestode and trematode. Best dilution of serum was (1:800) to rise above this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia M Kandil
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, El- Bohouth Street, Dokki, Post Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Seham H M Hendawy
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, El- Bohouth Street, Dokki, Post Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amira H El Namaky
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, El- Bohouth Street, Dokki, Post Box 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Margarita P Gabrashanska
- Department of Experimental Parasitology, Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. Bl.25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin N Nanev
- Department of Experimental Parasitology, Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St. Bl.25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Melville LA, McBean D, Fyfe A, Campbell SJ, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Kenyon F. Effect of anthelmintic treatment strategy on strongylid nematode species composition in grazing lambs in Scotland. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:199. [PMID: 27067011 PMCID: PMC4828790 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Refugia based anthelmintic protocols aim to reduce the rate of development of anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Previous studies have illustrated the impact of different drenching regimes on drug efficacy and animal growth; however, the impact on nematode populations has yet to be characterised within natural infections. This study investigated the changes in species composition of GIN throughout the grazing season, following implementation of four different ivermectin drenching regimes over six years: neo-suppressive monthly treatment (NST), targeted selective treatment (TST), strategic prophylactic treatment (SPT) and treatment upon observation of clinical signs (MT). Methods Lambs were grazed on one of eight replicate paddocks each grazing season following treatment regimes assigned in year 1. Faecal samples were collected fortnightly from all animals and hatched to first stage larvae (L1). DNA was extracted from individual L1 and a multiplex PCR assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus spp. and Haemonchus contortus conducted. Other species were identified using species-specific PCR. Worm-naïve tracer lambs were grazed on the paddocks at the start and end of each grazing season and adult worms recovered at post mortem to investigate the parasite population on pasture. Results Results showed an overall decrease in species diversity in egg output from the NST group which occurred within a single grazing season and was consistent throughout the experiment. Species diversity was protected over six years in groups implementing TST, SPT and MT treatment regimes, designed to offer refugia. The expected shift in species prevalence throughout the season from Teladorsagia to Trichostrongylus was observed in all but the NST group where only Teladorsagia spp. were recovered from trial lambs by the end of the experiment. Worm burdens indicated the presence of several species at relatively low abundance on pasture in the NST group in 2011. However, these species were not represented in egg output from trial lambs, probably due to the frequent anthelmintic treatment administered throughout the grazing season. Conclusion The molecular methods utilised here worked well. The comparable results of the three refugia-based treatment regimes suggest that nematode diversity can be maintained using part or whole group treatments if a rich supra-population of parasites are available to re-infect animals post treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsey A Melville
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK.
| | - David McBean
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Alex Fyfe
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Sara-Jane Campbell
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK
| | - Javier Palarea-Albaladejo
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, The King's Buildings, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Scotland, UK
| | - Fiona Kenyon
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, Scotland, UK
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Wang Y, Nie H, Gu X, Wang T, Huang X, Chen L, Lai W, Peng X, Yang G. An ELISA using recombinant TmHSP70 for the diagnosis of Taenia multiceps infections in goats. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:469-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Muñiz-Lagunes A, González-Garduño R, López-Arellano ME, Ramírez-Valverde R, Ruíz-Flores A, García-Muñiz G, Ramírez-Vargas G, Mendoza-de Gives P, Torres-Hernández G. Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes from grazing beef cattle in Campeche State, Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 47:1049-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Charlier J, van der Voort M, Kenyon F, Skuce P, Vercruysse J. Chasing helminths and their economic impact on farmed ruminants. Trends Parasitol 2014; 30:361-7. [PMID: 24888669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Global agriculture will be required to intensify production from a shrinking natural resource base. Helminth infections of ruminants are a major constraint on efficient livestock production. The current challenge is to develop diagnostic methods that detect the production impact of helminth infections on farms in order to target control measures and contribute to the global challenge of preserving food security. We review here our understanding of the effects of helminth infections and control practices on productivity and the diagnostic tools that can inform on this. By combining advances in helminth laboratory diagnostics and animal health economics, sustainable management of helminth infections can be integrated into the whole-farm economic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Charlier
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Mariska van der Voort
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Social Sciences Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 115, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Bio-Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Fiona Kenyon
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Philip Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Jozef Vercruysse
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Fortes FS, Molento MB. Resistência anti-helmíntica em nematoides gastrintestinais de pequenos ruminantes: avanços e limitações para seu diagnóstico. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013001200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A seleção e a crescente disseminação de nematoides resistentes aos anti-helmínticos mais comumente utilizados, benzimidazóis (BZs), imidazotiazóis e lactonas macrocíclicas (LMs), constituem um sério entrave na produção de pequenos ruminantes em todo o mundo. O uso de métodos eficientes e sensíveis para a detecção e o monitoramento da resistência anti-helmíntica no campo torna-se urgente, especialmente para os grupos de BZs e LMs, devido aos constantes relatos de resistência. A obtenção de um diagnóstico preciso e precoce da resistência é extremamente importante para auxiliar a tomada de decisão em programas de controle parasitário, com o objetivo de preservar a vida útil dos produtos e limitar o desenvolvimento da resistência nas populações de nematoides. Os testes in vivo e, mais recentemente, os testes in vitro têm sido desenvolvidos para a detecção de nematoides resistentes aos principais grupos de anti-helmínticos. No entanto, a disponibilidade de testes in vitro validados e o seu uso prático ainda são muito limitados. Embora o teste de redução na contagem de ovos nas fezes (TRCOF, in vivo - indireto) seja o principal método de escolha para a detecção de resistência no campo, vem recebendo críticas quanto à validade dos resultados, e passa por significativas modificações. Além disso, o desenvolvimento de técnicas moleculares a partir de alterações genômicas gerou avanços consideráveis nessa área de investigação, com o uso de mutações nos códons 167, 198 e 200 do gene da β-tubulina como principais SNPs (polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único; do inglês Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) associados à resistência aos BZs. A presente revisão tem o objetivo de discutir os métodos de diagnóstico disponíveis para a detecção de resistência anti-helmíntica em nematoides de pequenos ruminantes, destacando progressos e obstáculos para seu uso na rotina laboratorial e no campo.
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Species-specific PCR for the identification of Cooperia curticei (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) in sheep. J Helminthol 2013; 88:447-52. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x13000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAgricultural ruminants usually harbour mixed infections of gastrointestinal nematodes. A specific diagnosis is important because distinct species can differ significantly in their fecundity and pathogenicity. Haemonchus spp. and Cooperia spp. are the most important gastrointestinal nematodes infecting ruminants in subtropical/tropical environments. In Brazil, C. punctata is more adapted to cattle than sheep. Additionally, C. spatulata appears to be more adapted to cattle, whereas C. curticei is more adapted to sheep. However, infection of sheep with C. punctata is common when cattle and sheep share the same pasture. Although morphological analyses have been widely used to identify nematodes, molecular methods can overcome technical limitations and help improve species-specific diagnoses. Genetic markers in the first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2, respectively) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) have been used successfully to detect helminths. In the present study, the ITS-1 region was analysed and used to design a species-specific oligonucleotide primer pair to identify C. curticei. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product was sequenced and showed 97% similarity to C. oncophora partial ITS-1 clones and 99% similarity to the C. curticei sequence JF680982. The specificity of this primer pair was corroborated by the analysis of 17 species of helminths, including C. curticei, C. punctata and C. spatulata. Species-specific diagnosis, which has implications for rapid and reliable identification, can support studies on the biology, ecology and epidemiology of trichostrongylid nematodes in a particular geographical location.
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Understanding the epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep: What does a faecal helminth egg count tell us? Small Rumin Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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