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Fang R, Zhang RS, Wang XT, Ye SB, Xia QY, Rao Q. [Clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of 10 cases of epithelioid sarcoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:293-295. [PMID: 38433059 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231016-00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - R S Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - X T Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - S B Ye
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Y Xia
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Rao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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deBoer RJ, Febbraro M, Bardayan DW, Boomershine C, Brandenburg K, Brune C, Coil S, Couder M, Derkin J, Dede S, Fang R, Fritsch A, Gula A, Gyürky G, Hackett B, Hamad G, Jones-Alberty Y, Kelmar R, Manukyan K, Matney M, McDonaugh J, Meisel Z, Moylan S, Nattress J, Odell D, O'Malley P, Paris MW, Robertson D, Shahina, Singh N, Smith K, Smith MS, Stech E, Tan W, Wiescher M. Measurement of the ^{13}C(α, n_{0})^{16}O Differential Cross Section from 0.8 to 6.5 MeV. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:062702. [PMID: 38394565 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.062702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The cross section of the ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is needed for nuclear astrophysics and applications to a precision of 10% or better, yet inconsistencies among 50 years of experimental studies currently lead to an uncertainty of ≈15%. Using a state-of-the-art neutron detection array, we have performed a high resolution differential cross section study covering a broad energy range. These measurements result in a dramatic improvement in the extrapolation of the cross section to stellar energies potentially reducing the uncertainty to ≈5% and resolving long standing discrepancies in higher energy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J deBoer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Febbraro
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D W Bardayan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C Boomershine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Brandenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Brune
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Coil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Couder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Derkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Dede
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - R Fang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Fritsch
- Department of Physics, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USA
| | - A Gula
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Gy Gyürky
- Institute for Nuclear Research (Atomki), P.O.B 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - B Hackett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Y Jones-Alberty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Kelmar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Manukyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Matney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J McDonaugh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Z Meisel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Moylan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Nattress
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D Odell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P O'Malley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M W Paris
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Robertson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Shahina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - N Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Smith
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M S Smith
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stech
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Wiescher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Gong T, Lu T, Mi JX, Fang R, Shan C. [Research progress on the mechanisms of cryotherapy and its application in laryngopharyngeal diseases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:1023-1027. [PMID: 36058675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20211221-00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Gong
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - T Lu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J X Mi
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - R Fang
- the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chunlei Shan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
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Robledo EA, Schutzman R, Fang R, Fernandez C, Kwasinski R, Leiva K, Perez-Clavijo F, Godavarty A. Physiological wound assessment from coregistered and segmented tissue hemoglobin maps. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2020; 37:1249-1256. [PMID: 32749259 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.394985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A handheld near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) was recently developed to map for effective changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentration in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) across weeks of treatment. Herein, a coregistration and image segmentation approach was implemented to overlay hemoglobin maps onto the white light images of ulcers. Validation studies demonstrated over 97% accuracy in coregistration. Coregistration was further applied to a healing DFU across weeks of healing. The potential to predict changes in wound healing was observed when comparing the coregistered and segmented hemoglobin concentration area maps to the visual area of the wound.
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Xia NB, Lu Y, Zhao PF, Wang CF, Li YY, Tan L, Fang R, Zhou YQ, Shen B, Zhao JL. Genotyping and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strain isolated from pigs in Hubei province, central China. Trop Biomed 2020; 37:489-498. [PMID: 33612818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, a ubiquitous pathogen that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals and humans, can cause severe complications to the infected people and animals as well as serious economic losses and social problems. Here, one local strain (TgPIG-WH1) was isolated from an aborted pig fetus, and the genotype of this strain was identified as ToxoDB #3 by the PCR RFLP typing method using 10 molecular markers (SAG1, SAG2, alternative SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, PK1, C22-8, C29-2 and Apico). A comparison of the virulence of this isolate with other strains in both mice and piglets showed that TgPIG-WH1 was less virulent than type 1 strain RH and type 2 strain ME49 in mice, and caused similar symptoms to those of ME49 such as fever in piglets. Additionally, in piglet infection with both strains, the TgPIG-WH1 caused a higher IgG response and more severe pathological damages than ME49. Furthermore, TgPIG-WH1 caused one death in the 5 infected piglets, whereas ME49 did not, suggesting the higher virulence of TgPIG-WH1 than ME49 during piglet infection. Experimental infections indicate that the virulence of TgPIG-WH1 relative to ME49 is weaker in mice, but higher in pigs. This is probably the first report regarding a ToxoDB #3 strain from pigs in Hubei, China. These data will facilitate the understanding of genetic diversity of Toxoplasma strains in China as well as the prevention and control of porcine toxoplasmosis in the local region.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - P F Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - C F Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - L Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Q Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - B Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - J L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
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Chiu WC, Powers DB, Hirshon JM, Shackelford SA, Hu PF, Chen SY, Chen HH, Mackenzie CF, Miller CH, DuBose JJ, Carroll C, Fang R, Scalea TM. Impact of trauma centre capacity and volume on the mortality risk of incoming new admissions. BMJ Mil Health 2020; 168:212-217. [PMID: 32474436 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trauma centre capacity and surge volume may affect decisions on where to transport a critically injured patient and whether to bypass the closest facility. Our hypothesis was that overcrowding and high patient acuity would contribute to increase the mortality risk for incoming admissions. METHODS For a 6-year period, we merged and cross-correlated our institutional trauma registry with a database on Trauma Resuscitation Unit (TRU) patient admissions, movement and discharges, with average capacity of 12 trauma bays. The outcomes of overall hospital and 24 hours mortality for new trauma admissions (NEW) were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS There were 42 003 (mean=7000/year) admissions having complete data sets, with 36 354 (87%) patients who were primary trauma admissions, age ≥18 and survival ≥15 min. In the logistic regression model for the entire cohort, NEW admission hospital mortality was only associated with NEW admission age and prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Shock Index (SI) (all p<0.05). When TRU occupancy reached ≥16 patients, the factors associated with increased NEW admission hospital mortality were existing patients (TRU >1 hour) with SI ≥0.9, recent admissions (TRU ≤1 hour) with age ≥65, NEW admission age and prehospital GCS and SI (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION The mortality of incoming patients is not impacted by routine trauma centre overcapacity. In conditions of severe overcrowding, the number of admitted patients with shock physiology and a recent surge of elderly/debilitated patients may influence the mortality risk of a new trauma admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Chiu
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - D B Powers
- Director, Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Program, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J M Hirshon
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - P F Hu
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Y Chen
- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Taiwan
| | - H H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C F Mackenzie
- Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research - Organized Research Center (STAR-ORC), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C H Miller
- US Air Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - J J DuBose
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Sustainment of Trauma and Readiness Skills - Baltimore, US Air Force Medical Service, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - R Fang
- Surgery, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T M Scalea
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Zhang H, Tang K, Fang R, Sun Q. What dermatologists could do to cope with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a dermatologist's perspective from China. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e211-e212. [PMID: 32220020 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - K Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Q Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Fang R, Tang K, Sun Q. The top 100 most cited articles in rosacea: a bibliometric analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2177-2182. [PMID: 32078196 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - R. Fang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
| | - K. Tang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Q. Sun
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
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Fang R, Zhao NN, Zeng KX, Wen Q, Xiao P, Luo X, Liu XW, Wang YL. MicroRNA-544 inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion by targeting IRAK4. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:5605-5613. [PMID: 30229835 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201809_15825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke remains the most common malignant cerebrovascular event in the world. The correlation between the expression of miR-544 and the degree of cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) injury has not been well recognized in recent years. This study focuses on the effect of miR-544 on inflammation and apoptosis after CIR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Plasma expression of miR-544 in ischemic stroke (IS) patients and healthy controls was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effects of miR-544 on cerebral infarction and neurological deficits were verified in vitro by tail vein injection of Ago-miR-544. Western blotting was utilized to examine protein expressions of key proteins involving in inflammation and apoptosis in mouse brain. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and luciferase assays were used to demonstrate whether miR-544 influences the expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), downstream inflammatory and apoptosis-related proteins. RESULTS MiR-544 was found decreased in peripheral blood of IS patients compared with healthy controls. MiR-544 has been shown to relieve neurological deficits and reduce the volume of cerebral infarction in mice. Overexpression of miR-544 ameliorated the inflammation and apoptotic responses in brain tissue after ischemia reperfusion by down-regulating the expression of IRAK4, whereas the low expression was opposite in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We found that miR-544 may participate in controlling inflammation and apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion by targeting IRAK4, providing possible diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Xiao P, Liu XW, Zhao NN, Fang R, Wen Q, Zeng KX, Wang YL. Correlations of neuronal apoptosis with expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun in rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:2832-2838. [PMID: 29771436 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201805_14984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcription factors (c-Fos and c-Jun) have been considered to play roles in the initiation of programmed nerve cell death. However, the roles of c-Fos and c-Jun protein expressions in neuronal apoptosis of rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage were not clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlations of protein expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun with neuronal apoptosis of rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat models of post-ischemic reconditioning were established firstly. Then, apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the gene expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins [cytochrome c (Cyt c), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)] were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Lastly, Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression levels of c-Fos and c-Jun, and the expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun in brain tissues of models were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Treatment group had significantly increased malonaldehyde (MDA) level and significantly decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat cortex compared with those in control group (p<0.05). The number of TUNEL positive cells in the right cortex of rats in the treatment group was clearly higher than that in control group. Among them, post-ischemic reperfusion group had reduced level of Bax in the cytoplasm, but increased Bax level in the mitochondrion, and lowered expression level of Bcl-2 in both mitochondrion and cytoplasm in comparison with control group. Dynamic detection results of c-Jun were in synchronization with those of apoptosis proteins, and maximum expression occurred at 24 h after treatment. CONCLUSIONS c-Jun may play a role in the initiation of apoptotic cell death in these neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Nan'ao People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Li H, Sun J, Du J, Wang F, Fang R, Yu C, Xiong J, Chen W, Lu Z, Liu J. Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut-brain axis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13260. [PMID: 29193450 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common occurrence following gastrointestinal dysfunction. Recently, more and more attentions are being focused on gut microbiota in brain and behavior. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is considered as a mediator that links the gut-brain axis. The aim of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of Clostridium butyricum (Cb) on brain damage in a mouse model of TBI. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a model of TBI-induced by weight-drop impact head injury and were treated intragastrically with Cb. The cognitive deficits, brain water content, neuronal death, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability were evaluated. The expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, Bcl-2, Bax, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt) in the brain were also measured. Moreover, the intestinal barrier permeability, the expression of TJ protein and GLP-1, and IL-6 level in the intestine were detected. RESULTS Cb treatment significantly improved neurological dysfunction, brain edema, neurodegeneration, and BBB impairment. Meanwhile, Cb treatment also significantly increased the expression of TJ proteins (occludin and zonula occluden-1), p-Akt and Bcl-2, but decreased expression of Bax. Moreover, Cb treatment exhibited more prominent effects on decreasing the levels of plasma d-lactate and colonic IL-6, upregulating expression of Occludin, and protecting intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, Cb-treated mice showed increased the secretion of intestinal GLP-1 and upregulated expression of cerebral GLP-1R. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of Cb in TBI mice and the involved mechanisms were partially attributed to the elevating GLP-1 secretion through the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Du
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - F Wang
- Departments of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Xiong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Amico AL, Fang R, Raoul A, Wroblewski K, Nielsen S, Weipert C, Abe H, Sheth D, Romero I, Kulkarni K, Schacht D, Patrick-Miller L, Verp M, Bradbury AR, Hlubocky F, Olopade OI. Abstract P5-19-04: Psychosocial impact of a multi-modality surveillance program for women at high-risk for breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-19-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the psychosocial impact of semi-annual dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) screening in women at high-risk for breast cancer.
Background: For women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and/or a personal or family history of breast cancer, annual breast MRI has shown improved sensitivity and cancer detection compared to mammography. However, MRI's heightened sensitivity may lead to increased: false positives requiring additional follow-up biopsy/imaging; iatrogenic risk; and psychosocial distress, which all may negatively impact women's overall health-related quality of life.
Methods: Between 2004 and 2016, we assembled a prospective cohort of high-risk women undergoing semi-annual DCE-MRI and annual mammography. We reviewed a subset of this group. Participants completed psychosocial assessments at baseline and 6-month visits using the following measures: coping (MBSS); state/trait anxiety (STAI-S/T); depression (BDI-II); risk perception; and mental health (SF-36). Participants were classified according to Monitor or Blunter coping style. Mixed-effects logistic regressions models examined effects of demographics on psychosocial changes over time.
Results: 295 women were recruited to the study; 44% of the study participants had pathogenic mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. 232 of 295 enrolled participants (78.6%) completed psychosocial assessments. For the total population: median age 44y (range: 21-73), 71% ≥college/post-graduate education; 84% Caucasian; 8% African American; 2% Latino; 99% with health insurance; 72% annual income of >$60,000. One third of women had a personal cancer history. Participants were evenly split between baseline Monitoring and Blunting coping style (49% and 51%, respectively). No significant differences were found between demographics (age, race, income, mutation, cancer type, cancer history) or psychosocial factors (baseline trait anxiety (p =0.64), depression (p =0.65), SF36 global health (p=0.66). After adjusting for education, race, cancer history and coping, women with ≥$60,000 income had lower trait anxiety (p<0.000) and greater mental health (p<0.001) than those with <$60,000 income. Over time, change in trait anxiety varied by coping (p=0.0006): Blunters did not experience significant changes in trait anxiety (p=0.072) while Monitors had significant diminished trait anxiety over time (p<0.001). For depression, women with ≥$60,000 income and college educated had lower BDI-II depression (p<0.000). Yet, women with a cancer history had significantly greater BDH-II depression (p= 0.048). Mental health over time varied by race as non-whites had greater gains in mental health (p=0.001) over time than whites (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Semi-annual DCE-MRI did not cause a significantly elevated state anxiety or depression, nor was there a significant decline in mental health over time for groups regardless of cancer history and genetic mutation status. Coping style may have an impact on psychosocial outcomes for those undergoing heightened surveillance over time.
Citation Format: Amico AL, Fang R, Raoul A, Wroblewski K, Nielsen S, Weipert C, Abe H, Sheth D, Romero I, Kulkarni K, Schacht D, Patrick-Miller L, Verp M, Bradbury AR, Hlubocky F, Olopade OI. Psychosocial impact of a multi-modality surveillance program for women at high-risk for breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-19-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- AL Amico
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - R Fang
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - A Raoul
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - K Wroblewski
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - S Nielsen
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - C Weipert
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - H Abe
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - D Sheth
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - I Romero
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - K Kulkarni
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - D Schacht
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - L Patrick-Miller
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - M Verp
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - AR Bradbury
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - F Hlubocky
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - OI Olopade
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
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Liyi C, Lu S, Fang R, Zhao X. Noninvasive chromosome screening improves the clinical outcomes in frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
| | - C Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
| | - R Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Z Xun
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
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15
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Fang R, Wang XT, Xia QY, Zhou XJ, Rao Q. [Immunohistochemistry provides genetic information on tumors]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 46:356-361. [PMID: 28468051 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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16
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Go J, Sy J, Santos A, Soll B, Davis J, Fang R. P194 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations and emergency department visits among queen Emma clinic patients: a quality improvement initiative. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Yang X, Qi MW, Zhang ZZ, Gao C, Wang CQ, Lei WQ, Tan L, Zhao JL, Fang R, Hu M. Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay for the Detection of Haemonchus contortus in Goat Fecal Samples. J Parasitol 2017; 103:161-167. [PMID: 28098507 DOI: 10.1645/16-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is one of the most significant strongylid nematodes infecting small ruminants, and it causes great economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis of H. contortus is crucial to control strategies. Traditional microscopic examinations are the most common methods for the diagnosis of H. contortus , but they are time-consuming and inaccurate. Molecular methods based on PCR are more accurate, but need expensive machines usually only used in the laboratory. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive method that has been widely used to detect viruses, bacteria, and parasites. In the present study, a LAMP method targeting ribosomal ITS-2 gene for detection of the H. contortus in goat fecal samples has been established. The established LAMP method was H. contortus specific, and the sensitivity of LAMP was the same as that of the H. contortus species-specific PCR, with the lowest DNA level detected as being 1 pg. Examination of the clinical samples indicated that the positive rate of LAMP was higher than that of PCR, but no statistical difference was observed between LAMP and PCR (χ2 = 17.991, P = 0.053). In conclusion, a LAMP assay with a high specificity and a good sensitivity has been developed to detect H. contortus infection in goats. The established LAMP assay is useful for clinical diagnosis of H. contortus .
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M W Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Z Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - W Q Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - L Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - J L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
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18
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Xing T, Tan X, Yu Q, Yang T, Fang R. Identifying the location of epidermal growth factor-responsive element involved in the regulation of type IIb sodium-phosphate cotransporter expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:1249-1258. [PMID: 27896869 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate is an important mineral nutrient for both human and animals in growth and physiological functions; thus, much effort in the past has been made to clarify the mechanisms governing its absorption. Previous studies have found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) inhibits phosphate absorption in human intestinal cells via modulating the interaction of transcriptional factor c-myb with sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-IIb) gene promoter. This finding provoked our interest in determining the effect of EGF on NaPi-IIb gene expression in intestinal cells of pigs and the location of EGF-responsive element in the gene promoter. Using quantitative PCR, it was observed that EGF significantly reduced NaPi-IIb gene expression in porcine intestinal epithelial IPEC-J2 cells. Transfection with a series of constructs that contain different lengths of the 5'-flanking promoter region of the NaPi-IIb gene manifested that EGF-responsive element is located in the -1200 to -800 region. Further, c-myb was extracted from the cell nucleus of IPEC cells that were exposed to EGF or not via immunoprecipitation. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed a specific binding of transcription factor c-myb to labelled probes encompassing DNA sequence from -1092 to -1085 (-TCCAGTTG-). This protein-DNA complex was decreased with cells exposed to EGF and abrogated when c-myb was pre-incubated with excessive unlabelled competitive probes. Results from mutagenesis studies demonstrated that the c-myb-binding site is the EGF-responsive element involved in the regulation of NaPi-IIb expression. Identifying the location of EGF-responsive element contributes to understanding mechanisms underlying EGF down-regulated NaPi-IIb gene expression and provides a foundation for further investigating EGF-regulatory functions in phosphate absorption in pig intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - X Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Q Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - T Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - R Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Zhang F, Li Q, Chen X, Huo Y, Guo H, Song Z, Cui F, Zhang L, Fang R. Roles of the Laodelphax striatellus Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule in Rice stripe virus infection of its insect vector. Insect Mol Biol 2016; 25:413-421. [PMID: 26991800 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The arthropod Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) mediates pathogen-specific recognition via an extensive protein isoform repertoire produced by alternative splicing. To date, most studies have focused on the subsequent pathogen-specific immune response, and few have investigated the entry into cells of viruses or endosymbionts. In the present study, we cloned and characterized the cDNA of Laodelphax striatellus Dscam (LsDscam) and investigated the function of LsDscam in rice stripe virus (RSV) infection and the influence on the endosymbiont Wolbachia. LsDscam displayed a typical Dscam domain architecture, including 10 immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, six fibronectin type III domains, one transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail. Alternative splicing occurred at the N-termini of the Ig2 and Ig3 domains, the complete Ig7 domain, the transmembrane domain and the C-terminus, comprising 10, 51, 35, two and two variable exons, respectively. Potentially LsDscam could encode at least 71 400 unique isoforms and 17 850 types of extracellular regions. LsDscam was expressed in various L. striatellus tissues. Knockdown of LsDscam mRNA via RNA interference decreased the titres of both RSV and Wolbachia, but did not change the numbers of the extracellular symbiotic bacterium Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae. Specific Dscam isoforms may play roles in enhancing the infection of vector-borne viruses or endosymbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Q Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Y Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - H Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Z Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - F Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing, China
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20
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Li L, Fang R, Liu B, Shi H, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang X, Ye L. Deacetylation of tumor-suppressor MST1 in Hippo pathway induces its degradation through HBXIP-elevated HDAC6 in promotion of breast cancer growth. Oncogene 2015; 35:4048-57. [PMID: 26657153 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reduction or loss of tumor-suppressor mammalian STE20-like kinase 1 (MST1) in Hippo pathway contributes to the tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism leading to reduction of MST1 in cancers remains poorly understood. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that the oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) is involved in the reduction of MST1 in breast cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays revealed that the expression of HBXIP was negatively associated with that of MST1 in 98 clinical breast tissue samples. Then we found that HBXIP could posttranslationally downregulate MST1 in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we identified that MST1 could be acetylated on its lysine 35 residue in the cells. Strikingly, the treatment with trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), markedly increased the levels of MST1 acetylation and protein in the cells. Interestingly, the oncoprotein HBXIP could significantly inhibit acetylation of MST1, resulting in the reduction of MST1 protein. Notably, we revealed that the HDAC6 could reduce the protein levels of MST1 through deacetylation modification of MST1 in the cells. Moreover, our data revealed that HBXIP upregulated HDAC6 at the levels of mRNA and protein by activating transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Deacetylation of MST1 promoted the interaction of MST1 with HSC70 in the cells, resulting in a lysosome-dependent degradation of MST1 via chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Functionally, the reduction of tumor-suppressor MST1 mediated by HBXIP promoted the growth of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus we conclude that the deacetylation of MST1 mediated by HBXIP-enhanced HDAC6 results in MST1 degradation in a CMA manner in promotion of breast cancer growth. Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism of tumor-suppressor MST1 reduction in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - H Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - L Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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21
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Fang R, Cui Q, Sun J, Duan X, Ma X, Wang W, Cheng B, Liu Y, Hou Y, Bai G. PDK1/Akt/PDE4D axis identified as a target for asthma remedy synergistic with β2 AR agonists by a natural agent arctigenin. Allergy 2015; 70:1622-32. [PMID: 26335809 DOI: 10.1111/all.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogenetic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation with variable airflow obstruction and airway hyper-responsiveness. As the most potent and popular bronchodilators, β2 adrenergic receptor (β2 AR) agonists bind to the β2 ARs that are coupled via a stimulatory G protein to adenylyl cyclase, thereby improving cAMP accumulation and resulting in airway smooth muscle relaxation. We previously demonstrated arctigenin had a synergistic function with the β2 AR agonist, but the target for this remained elusive. METHOD Chemical proteomics capturing was used to enrich and uncover the target of arctigenin in human bronchial smooth muscle cells, and reverse docking and molecular dynamic stimulation were performed to evaluate the binding of arctigenin and its target. In vitro enzyme activities and protein levels were demonstrated with special kits and Western blotting. Finally, guinea pig tracheal muscle segregation and ex vivo function were analysed. RESULTS Arctigenin bound to PDK1 with an ideal binding free energy -25.45 kcal/mol and inhibited PDK1 kinase activity without changing its protein level. Additionally, arctigenin reduced PKB/Akt-induced phosphorylation of PDE4D, which was first identified in this study. Attenuation of PDE4D resulted in cAMP accumulation in human bronchial smooth muscle. The inhibition of PDK1 showed a synergistic function with β2 AR agonists and relaxed the constriction of segregated guinea pig tracheal muscle. CONCLUSIONS The PDK1/Akt/PDE4D axis serves as a novel asthma target, which may benefit airflow obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Peking University; Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Department of Biochemistry; College of Life Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Q. Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - J. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - X. Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - X. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - W. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - B. Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Y. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Y. Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - G. Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
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Milhano N, Saito TB, Bechelli J, Fang R, Vilhena M, DE Sousa R, Walker DH. The role of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato saliva in the dissemination of Rickettsia conorii in C3H/HeJ mice. Med Vet Entomol 2015; 29:225-229. [PMID: 26011701 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Animal models have been developed for the study of rickettsial pathogenesis. However, to understand what occurs during the natural route of rickettsial transmission via the tick bite, the role of tick saliva should be considered in these models. To address this, we analysed the role of tick saliva in the transmission of Rickettsia conorii (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) in a murine host by intradermally (i.d.) inoculating two groups of susceptible C3H/HeJ mice with this Rickettsia, and infesting one group with nymphal Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks. Quantification of bacterial loads and mRNA levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-10 and NF-κB was performed in C3H/HeJ lung samples by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, respectively. Lung histology was examined to evaluate the pathological manifestations of infection. No statistically significant difference in bacterial load in the lungs of mice was observed between these two groups; however, a statistically significant difference was observed in levels of IL-1β and NF-κB, both of which were higher in the group inoculated with rickettsiae but not infected with ticks. Lung histology in both groups of animals revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells. Overall, this study showed that i.d. inoculation of R. conorii caused infection in the lungs of C3H/HeJ mice and tick saliva inhibited proinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Milhano
- Centre for the Study of Vectors and Infectious Diseases Dr Francisco Cambournac, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Águas de Moura, Portugal
| | - T B Saito
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, U.S.A
| | - J Bechelli
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, U.S.A
| | - R Fang
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, U.S.A
| | - M Vilhena
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - R DE Sousa
- Centre for the Study of Vectors and Infectious Diseases Dr Francisco Cambournac, National Institute of Health Dr Ricardo Jorge, Águas de Moura, Portugal
| | - D H Walker
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, U.S.A
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Wang GY, Zhang CC, Ren K, Zhang PP, Liu CH, Zheng ZA, Chen Y, Fang R. Treatment of vertebral body compression fractures using percutaneous kyphoplasty guided by a combination of computed tomography and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:1546-56. [PMID: 25867298 DOI: 10.4238/2015.march.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the results and complications of image-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) using computed tomography (CT) and C-arm fluoroscopy, with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point. Of the 86 patients (106 PKP) examined, 56 were treated for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and 30 for vertebral tumors. All patients underwent image-guided treatment using CT and conventional fluoroscopy, with finger-touch identification of a puncture point within a small incision (1.5 to 2 cm). Partial or complete pain relief was achieved in 98% of patients within 24 h of treatment. Moreover, a significant improvement in functional mobility and reduction in analgesic use was observed. CT allowed the detection of cement leakage in 20.7% of the interventions. No bone cement leakages with neurologic symptoms were noted. All work channels were made only once, and bone cement was distributed near the center of the vertebral body. Our study confirms the efficacy of PKP treatment in osteoporotic and oncological patients. The combination of CT and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance reduces the risk of complications compared with conventional fluoroscopy alone, facilitates the detection of minor cement leakage, improves the operative procedure, and results in a favorable bone cement distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - C C Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai, China
| | - K Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Gen Hospital of Nanjin Military Area Command, Nanjin, Jiangsu, China
| | - P P Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - C H Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Z A Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhu No. 2 People's Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Anhui, China
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Liu Z, Asila A, Aikenmu K, Zhao J, Meng Q, Fang R. Influence of ERCC2 gene polymorphisms on the treatment outcome of osteosarcoma. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:12967-72. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.21.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Williams JS, Chamarthi B, Goodarzi MO, Pojoga LH, Sun B, Garza AE, Raby BA, Adler GK, Hopkins PN, Brown NJ, Jeunemaitre X, Ferri C, Fang R, Leonor T, Cui J, Guo X, Taylor KD, Chen YDI, Xiang A, Raffel LJ, Buchanan TA, Rotter JI, Williams GH, Shi Y. Lysine-specific demethylase 1: an epigenetic regulator of salt-sensitive hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:812-7. [PMID: 22534796 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) represents a complex heritable disease in which environmental factors may directly affect gene function via epigenetic mechanisms. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that dietary salt influences the activity of a histone-modifying enzyme, lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD-1), which in turn is associated with salt-sensitivity of blood pressure (BP). METHODS Animal and human studies were performed. Salt-sensitivity of LSD-1 expression was assessed in wild-type (WT) and LSD-1 heterozygote knockout (LSD-1(+/-)) mice. Clinical relevance was tested by multivariate associations between single-nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LSD-1 gene and salt-sensitivity of BP, with control of dietary sodium, in a primary African-American hypertensive cohort and two replication hypertensive cohorts (Caucasian and Mexican-American). RESULTS LSD-1 expression was modified by dietary salt in WT mice with lower levels associated with liberal salt intake. LSD-1(+/-) mice expressed lower LSD-1 protein levels than WT mice in kidney tissue. Similar to LSD-1(+/-) mice, African-American minor allele carriers of two LSD-1 SNPs displayed greater change in systolic BP (SBP) in response to change from low to liberal salt diet (rs671357, P = 0.01; rs587168, P = 0.005). This association was replicated in the Hispanic (rs587168, P = 0.04) but not the Caucasian cohort. Exploratory analyses demonstrated decreased serum aldosterone concentrations in African-American minor allele carriers similar to findings in the LSD-1(+/-) mice, decreased α-EnaC expression in LSD-1(+/-) mice, and impaired renovascular responsiveness to salt loading in minor allele carriers. CONCLUSION The results of this translational research study support a role for LSD-1 in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive HTN.
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Zhen YH, Fang R, Ding C, Jin LJ, Li XY, Diao YP, Shu XH, Ma XC, Xu YP. Efficacy of specific IgY for treatment of lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia using a mouse model. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:1524-32. [PMID: 21933310 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the efficacy of specific egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) for the treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia using a mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS Specific IgY was obtained from the yolk of hens immunized with formaldehyde-killed Escherichia coli O111 and showed a high binding activity to LPS when subjected to an ELISA. Endotoxemia was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of LPS at a dose of 20 mg kg(-1) for measuring survival rate and 10 mg kg(-1) for cytokine measurement. The survival rate of mice treated with 200 mg kg(-1) specific IgY or 5 mg kg(-1) dexamethasone was 70% while none of the mice in the normal saline-treated group survived more than 7 days. Specific IgY significantly (P < 0.05) decreased tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) level in the serum of endotoxemia mice. Specific IgY had less of an effect on TNF-α than dexamethasone, while its effect on increasing IL-10 was stronger than dexamethasone. Haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections indicated that IgY attenuated the damage to the lung and liver observed in mice with endotoxemia. CONCLUSIONS The specific IgY increased the survival rate of mice with endotoxemia induced by LPS, down-regulated TNF-α and up-regulated IL-10 in serum and attenuated the extent of damage to the lung and liver. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The specific IgY has potential for the treatment of LPS-induced endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Zhen
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Bai XP, Zheng HX, Fang R, Wang TR, Hou XL, Li Y, Chen XB, Tian WM. Fabrication of engineered heart tissue grafts from alginate/collagen barium composite microbeads. Biomed Mater 2011; 6:045002. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/6/4/045002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gu H, Fang R, O'Keefe TJ, O'Keefe MJ, Shih WS, Snook JAM, Leedy KD, Cortez R. Organic Solution Deposition of Copper Seed Layers onto Barrier Metals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-612-d9.19.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSpontaneous deposition of copper seed layers from metal bearing organic based solutions onto sputter deposited titanium, titanium nitride, and tantalum diffusion barrier thin films has been demonstrated. Based on electrochemically driven cementation exchange reactions, the process was used to produce adherent, selectively deposited copper metal particulate films on blanket and patterned barrier metal thin films on silicon substrates. The organic solution deposited copper films were capable of acting as seed layers for subsequent electrolytic and electroless copper deposition processes using standard plating baths. Electroless and electrolytic copper films from 0.1µm to 1.0µm thick were produced on a variety of samples on which the organic solution copper acted as the initial catalytic seed layer. The feasibility of using organic solution deposited palladium as a seed layer followed by electroless copper deposition has also been demonstrated. In addition, experiments conducted on patterned barrier metal samples with exposed areas of dielectric such as polyimide indicated that no organic solution copper or palladium deposition occurred on the insulating materials.
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Tomas C, Axler-DiPerte G, Budimlija ZM, Børsting C, Coble MD, Decker AE, Eisenberg A, Fang R, Fondevila M, Fredslund SF, Gonzalez S, Hansen AJ, Hoff-Olsen P, Haas C, Kohler P, Kriegel AK, Lindblom B, Manohar F, Maroñas O, Mogensen HS, Neureuther K, Nilsson H, Scheible MK, Schneider PM, Sonntag ML, Stangegaard M, Syndercombe-Court D, Thacker CR, Vallone PM, Westen AA, Morling N. Autosomal SNP typing of forensic samples with the GenPlex™ HID System: results of a collaborative study. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2010; 5:369-75. [PMID: 20650697 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The GenPlex™ HID System (Applied Biosystems - AB) offers typing of 48 of the 52 SNPforID SNPs and amelogenin. Previous studies have shown a high reproducibility of the GenPlex™ HID System using 250-500pg DNA of good quality. An international exercise was performed by 14 laboratories (9 in Europe and 5 in the US) in order to test the robustness and reliability of the GenPlex™ HID System on forensic samples. Three samples with partly degraded DNA and 10 samples with low amounts of DNA were analyzed in duplicates using various amounts of DNA. In order to compare the performance of the GenPlex™ HID System with the most commonly used STR kits, 500pg of partly degraded DNA from three samples was typed by the laboratories using one or more STR kits. The median SNP typing success rate was 92.3% with 500pg of partly degraded DNA. Three of the fourteen laboratories counted for more than two thirds of the locus dropouts. The median percentage of discrepant results was 0.2% with 500pg degraded DNA. An increasing percentage of locus dropouts and discrepant results were observed when lower amounts of DNA were used. Different success rates were observed for the various SNPs. The rs763869 SNP was the least successful. With the exception of the MiniFiler™ kit (AB), GenPlex™ HID performed better than five other tested STR kits. When partly degraded DNA was analyzed, GenPlex™ HID showed a very low mean mach probability, while all STR kits except MiniFiler™ had very limited discriminatory power.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tomas
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 11 Frederik V's Vej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Wang L, He L, Fang R, Song Q, Tu P, Jenkins A, Zhou Y, Zhao J. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Theileria sergenti infection targeting the p33 gene. Vet Parasitol 2010; 171:159-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2009] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhen YH, Jin LJ, Guo J, Li XY, Li Z, Fang R, Xu YP. Characterization of specific egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 105:1529-35. [PMID: 19146490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the in vitro activity of egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS AND RESULTS Specific IgY was produced by immunizing hens with formaldehyde-killed Staph. aureus, using a bacterial strain known to cause mastitis. The IgY, of 94% purity, was obtained from yolks by water dilution, salt precipitations, ultrafiltration and gel filtration. ELISA indicated that the IgY produced was specific to the antigen and five Staph. aureus isolates obtained from mastitic cows. The growth of Staph. aureus was inhibited by specific IgY at concentrations from 1 to 10 mg ml(-1) in a dose-dependent manner. The phagocytosis of Staph. aureus by milk macrophages was enhanced in the presence of specific IgY with the highest phagocytic percentage being 30% higher than that without IgY (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The specific IgY against mastitis-causing Staph. aureus inhibited the growth of Staph. aureus and enhanced the phagocytosis of Staph. aureus by milk macrophages. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Specific IgY would be a potential treatment for bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Zhen
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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Wang Q, Chen X, Luo Z, Fang R. Sequence analysis of leader and trailer regions of rice yellow stunt rhabdovirus and characterization of their in vivo transcripts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 42:50-6. [PMID: 18726497 DOI: 10.1007/bf02881747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/1998] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The 3' leader and the 5' trailer of the rice yellow stunt rhabdovirus (RYSV) genomic RNA have been cloned and sequenced. Sequence data indicate that the RYSV leader region is composed of 203 nucleotides (nt) and the trailer region 191 nt. The terminal 9 nt of the two regions are complementary and capable of forming a putative panhandle structure common to rhabdovirus genomes. In comparison with the leader or trailer sequences of other rhabdoviruses reported so far, both the leader and trailer of RYSV are the longest and there is no obvious sequence homology between the counterparts except for a few terminal nt and the UGUU motif in the leader sequences. Polyadenylated plus-strand leader RNA has been detected in RYSV-infected rice plants by 3' RACE. This is the second example in rhabdoviruses following the report for sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV) for existence of a polyadenylated leader RNA. No polyadenylated plus-strand transcripts of the RYSV trailer have been found using the similar method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Tomas C, Bastisch I, Børsting C, Carracedo A, Coble M, Eisenberg A, Fang R, Frisk Fredslund S, Haas C, Hansen A, Hoff-Olsen P, Lindblom B, Mogensen H, Prinz M, Stangegaard M, Vallone P, Westen A, Morling N. SNP typing of forensic samples with the GenPlex™ HID system: A collaborative study. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fang R, Lu J, Kmetic A, Millar J, Drasic L. Diabetes, gender and neighbourhood ethnicity: inequalities in healthcare resource utilization. Can J Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(09)33247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lei W, Fang R, Zhang G, Chen X, Zhang X. Recombination with coat protein transgene in a complementation system based onCucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Sci China C Life Sci 2008; 44:263-73. [PMID: 18726406 DOI: 10.1007/bf02879333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2000] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to study the feasibility ofCucumber mosaic virus (CMV) as an expression vector, the full-length cDNA of RNA 3 from strain SD was cloned and the sequence around the start codon of the coat protein (CP) gene was modified to create anNsi I site for insertion of foreign genes. The CP gene was replaced by the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. The cDNAs of Fny RNAs 1 and 2 and the chimeric SD RNA 3 were cloned between the modified 35S promoter and terminator. Tobacco protoplasts were transfected with a mixture of the viral cDNAs containing 35S promoter and terminator as a replacement vector and expressed GFP. A complementation system was established when the replacement vector was inoculated onto the transgenic tobacco plants expressing SD-CMV CP. GFP was detected in the inoculated leaves in 5 of 18 tested plants and in the first upper systemic leaf of one of the 5 plants ten days after inoculation. However, no GFP could be detected in all the plants one month after inoculation. Recombination between the CMV vector and the CP transgene was proved by retro-transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and verified by DNA sequencing. Our results argue against the feasibility of the CMV-based replacement vector trans-complemented by the CP transgene, and at the same time, enlighten ways to improve the CMV-based expression vector and the biosafety of CMV CP-mediated virus resistant transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Lei
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100080, Beijing, China
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Barbisin M, Fang R, O'Shea C, Brzoska P, Calandro L, Shewale J, Furtado M. A multiplexed system for quantification of human DNA and human male DNA and detection of PCR inhibitors in biological samples. Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2007.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Daly DS, Anderson KK, Panisko EA, Purvine SO, Fang R, Monroe ME, Baker SE. Mixed-effects statistical model for comparative LC-MS proteomics studies. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:1209-17. [PMID: 18251496 DOI: 10.1021/pr070441i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Comparing a protein's concentrations across two or more treatments is the focus of many proteomics studies. A frequent source of measurements for these comparisons is a mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of a protein's peptide ions separated by liquid chromatography (LC) following its enzymatic digestion. Alas, LC-MS identification and quantification of equimolar peptides can vary significantly due to their unequal digestion, separation, and ionization. This unequal measurability of peptides, the largest source of LC-MS nuisance variation, stymies confident comparison of a protein's concentration across treatments. Our objective is to introduce a mixed-effects statistical model for comparative LC-MS proteomics studies. We describe LC-MS peptide abundance with a linear model featuring pivotal terms that account for unequal peptide LC-MS measurability. We advance fitting this model to an often incomplete LC-MS data set with REstricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) estimation, producing estimates of model goodness-of-fit, treatment effects, standard errors, confidence intervals, and protein relative concentrations. We illustrate the model with an experiment featuring a known dilution series of a filamentous ascomycete fungus Trichoderma reesei protein mixture. For 781 of the 1546 T. reesei proteins with sufficient data coverage, the fitted mixed-effects models capably described the LC-MS measurements. The LC-MS measurability terms effectively accounted for this major source of uncertainty. Ninety percent of the relative concentration estimates were within 0.5-fold of the true relative concentrations. Akin to the common ratio method, this model also produced biased estimates, albeit less biased. Bias decreased significantly, both absolutely and relative to the ratio method, as the number of observed peptides per protein increased. Mixed-effects statistical modeling offers a flexible, well-established methodology for comparative proteomics studies integrating common experimental designs with LC-MS sample processing plans. It favorably accounts for the unequal LC-MS measurability of peptides and produces informative quantitative comparisons of a protein's concentration across treatments with objective measures of uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Daly
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 900 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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Phillips C, Fang R, Ballard D, Fondevila M, Harrison C, Hyland F, Musgrave-Brown E, Proff C, Ramos-Luis E, Sobrino B, Carracedo A, Furtado MR, Syndercombe Court D, Schneider PM. Evaluation of the Genplex SNP typing system and a 49plex forensic marker panel. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2007; 1:180-5. [PMID: 19083752 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2007.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Using a 52 SNP marker set previously developed for forensic analysis, a novel 49plex assay has been developed based on the Genplex typing system, a modification of SNPlex chemistry (both Applied Biosystems) using oligo-ligation of pre-amplified DNA and dye-labeled, mobility modified detection probes. This gives highly predictable electrophoretic mobility of the allelic products generated from the assay to allow detection with standard capillary electrophoresis analyzers. The loci chosen comprise the 48 most informative autosomal SNPs from the SNPforID core discrimination set supplemented with the amelogenin gender marker. These SNPs are evenly distributed across all 22 autosomes, exhibit balanced polymorphisms in three major population groups and have been previously shown to be effective markers for forensic analysis. We tested the accuracy and reproducibility of the Genplex system in three SNPforID laboratories, each using a different Applied Biosystems Genetic Analyzer. Genotyping concordance was measured using replicates of 44 standardized DNA controls and by comparing genotypes for the same samples generated by the TaqMan, SNaPshot and Sequenom iPLEX SNP typing systems. The degree of informativeness of the 48 SNPs for forensic analysis was measured using previously estimated allele frequencies to derive the cumulative match probability and in paternity analysis using 24 trios previously typed with 18 STRs together with three CEPH families with extensive sibships typed with the 15 STRs in the Identifiler kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Phillips
- Forensic Genetics Department, Genomic Medicine Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
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Braga PAC, Dos Santos DAP, Da Silva MFDGF, Vieira PC, Fernandes JB, Houghton PJ, Fang R. In vitrocytotoxicity activity on several cancer cell lines of acridone alkaloids andN-phenylethyl-benzamide derivatives fromSwinglea glutinosa(Bl.) Merr. Nat Prod Res 2007; 21:47-55. [PMID: 17365689 DOI: 10.1080/14786410600907002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The methanol extract from the stems and fruits of Swinglea glutinosa (Rutaceae) afforded 11 known acridone alkaloids and three N-phenylethyl-benzamide derivatives, glycocitrine-IV, 1,3,5-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-10-methyl-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)acridin-9(10H)-one, 1,3,5- trihydroxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-10-methyl-9-acridone, citbrasine, citrusinine-II, citrusinine-I, 5-dihydroxyacronycine, pyranofoline, 3,4-dihydro-3,5,8-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-2,2,7-trimethyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-a]acridin-12(7H)-one, 2,3-dihydro-4,9-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-propan-2-yl)-11-methoxy-10-methylfuro[3,2-b]acridin-5(10H)-one, bis-5-hydroxyacronycine, N-(2-{4-[(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}ethyl)benzamide, N-(2-{4-[(3,7-dimethyl-4-acethyl-octa-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}ethyl)benzamide, and severine acetate. All compounds isolated were examined for their activity against three cancer cell lines: human lung carcinoma (COR-L23), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), human melanoma (C32), and normal human fetal lung cell line, MRC-5. The acridones tested exhibited weak cytotoxicity but the amides showed moderate nonselective cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A C Braga
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Rickettsia typhi and R. felis are flea-transmitted human pathogenic rickettsial species. To investigate the distributional dynamics of these rickettsiae we designed a micro-immunofluorescence assay (MIF) using species-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) applied to flea cryosections. Our assay was performed in less than 3 h and its applicability was demonstrated by the detection of R. typhi in 50 artificially infected human body lice but in none of 50 uninfected lice. With MIF, we identified 31 positive among 32 fleas proven with PCR to be naturally infected with R. felis; and 7 positive among 32 fleas proven with PCR to be naturally infected with R. typhi. No cross-detection was observed with both MAbs. Fresh R. felis-infected fleas were significantly more MIF-positive than long conserved R. typhi-infected fleas (31/32 vs. 7/32, P < 0.01). This discrepancy may be linked to degradation of antigens by long-term freezing. For R. typhi-infected fleas, our assay was significantly more efficient when applied to fleas in early stages of infection (less than 15 days) by comparison with fleas frozen more than 20 days after infection (7/15 vs. 0/17, P = 0.01). This difference may be related to an antigenic modification caused by selection pressure in the vector and host process. The sensitivity of the described method did not exceed 47% (7/15) for R. typhi but, in contrast, was 97% for R. felis. Thus, our method appears to be useful for surveillance in R. felis infections, but requires further studies for the detection of R. typhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Unité des Rickettsies, IFR 48, CNRS UMR 6020, Faculté de Méedecine, 13385 Marseilles, France
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Zheng H, Tao Z, Fang R, Chang B, Zhang Y, Turner P. [Application of immunochromatographic test for diagnosis and surveillance of bancroftian filariasis]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2002; 16:168-71. [PMID: 12078234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the usefulness of immunochromatographic test (ICT) for rapid diagnosis and surveillance of Wuchereria bancrofti infection. METHODS The monoclonal antibody based-ICT assay was used to detect filarial antigens in the sera from bancroftian filariasis patients. RESULTS 111 out of 116 bancroftian microfilaria cases showed positive ICT reaction, giving a positive rate of 95.7%. Serum samples from 12 malayian microfilaremia cases, 33 ascariasis cases, 20 schistosomiasis japonica cases and 6 trichinellosis cases were all found negative in ICT, demonstrating a specificity of 100%. In 73 chronic filariasis cases with elephantiasis, hydrocoele, and chyluria cases, 18 showed ICT positive, among whom 16 revealed microfilaremia, suggesting that the ICT positive cases were with active infections. Of the 30 microfilaremia cases before single dose ivermectin treatment, 29 were ICT positive (96.7%). A negative conversion of microfilaremia was observed in all cases 8-14 days post-treatment. Upon following up to 6 and 12 months, microfilaremia reappeared in 5 and 7 cases, respectively. 5 out of 13 ICT positive cases were found microfilaremic at 6 month post-treatment, while among the rest of 8, 5 were found microfilaremic at 12 month post-treatment. Parallel use of ICT with routine blood film examination in Houda village, Zhecheng County, Henan Province for a post-control surveillance survey in 132 local individuals revealed 9 microfilaremia cases were also ICT positive. Of the 123 persons with negative blood examination, only 1 was ICT positive. CONCLUSION ICT is a rapid and simple method with high sensitivity and specificity, and might be used for the diagnosis, efficacy evaluation as well as a tool for post-control surveillance of bancroftian filarasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zheng
- Guizhou Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Guiyang 550004
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Wang B, Fu J, Wu H, Liu CX, Qian DM, Fang R. [Discovery of natural variant strain of HIV1 in env gene C2-V3 encoded PND of membrane protein]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 2001; 15:245-7. [PMID: 11986697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To sequence and analyze the env gene C2-V3 region of proviral genome from a HIV1 isolate(WWBH7) which was obtained from Huadong Area in China. METHODS The env gene C2-V3 DNA fragment was amplified by nested-primer PCR with genome DNA of eripheral blood mononuclear cells from a confirmed HIV1 infected individual as a template. The amplified DNA fragment was inserted into pGEM-T vector. The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis. The inserted DNA fragment was sequenced by ABI737 autosequencer and analyzed by PROSIS software. RESULTS The HIV1 strain was the derivatives of HIV1 B subtype. But there was mutation of 192 bp fragment repeated insertion at env C2-V3 region of the HIV1 strain compared with standard HIV1 B subtype such as SF2 strain. The mutation brought about a double V3 region in gene encoded PND (principal neutralizing domains). The DNA sequence was registered in GenBank (AF220245). CONCLUSIONS This was a natural mutated variant strain of HIV1 whose genome showed a 192 bp repeated insertion at C2-V3 region of env gene encoded PND of membrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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44
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Cao QE, Ding Z, Fang R, Zhao X. A sensitive and rapid method for the determination of protein by the resonance Rayleigh light-scattering technique with Pyrogallol Red. Analyst 2001; 126:1444-8. [PMID: 11534623 DOI: 10.1039/b101827m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The resonance Rayleigh light-scattering (RRLS) technique was used to develop a simple, sensitive and selective method for the determination of proteins. The method is based on the interaction between proteins and Pyrogallol Red (PR) in the pH range 3.6-4.2, which causes a substantial enhancement of the resonance scattering signal of PR in the wavelength range 300-450 nm with the maximum scattering peak located at 347 nm. With this method, 0.25-13 microg ml(-1) of bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.25-10 microg ml(-1) of human serum albumin (HSA) and 0.25-13 microg ml(-1) of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) can be determined, and the detection limits, calculated as three times the standard deviation of nine blank measurements, for BSA, HAS and IgG were 51, 48 and 57 microg l(-1), respectively. Moreover, the method shows almost no protein-to-protein variability and is free from interference from many amino acids and metal ions. The method, with high sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility, was satisfactorily applied to the determination of the total protein in human serum and saliva samples. Mechanism studies indicated that PR can bind to BSA depending mainly on electrostatic forces, and this interaction can encourage the J-aggregation of PR, which results in enhanced Rayleigh light-scattering in the PR-protein system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q E Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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45
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Abstract
DL111-IT, a non-hormonal contragestional agent, revealed synergistic effects in combination with mifepristone (RU486) in some species. The present study was undertaken to clarify the role of DL111-IT when used alone or plus RU486 on uterine polyamines biosynthesis, histologic alteration of decidual cells, and antifertility activity in rats. The levels of polyamines in pregnant rat uterus were determined by formed benzoyl chloride derivatives of polyamines for RP-HPLC. The results showed that all the treated groups including DL111-IT 2.8 mg. kg(-1). d(-1), RU486 3.0 mg. kg(-1). d(-1), and DL111-IT 0.56 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) plus RU486 0.6 mg. kg(-1). d(-1) caused 100% early pregnancy arrest. Uterine putrescine, spermidine, and spermine levels in comparison with vehicle control were declined significantly from d7 of gestation (1 day after treatment) to d9 or d14 (3 days or 8 days after treatment) by Duncan's multiple range test, and accompanied by histologic alterations, edema, degeneration and dissolution of decidual cells with nuclei indefinite in appearance on d8 of gestation (2 days after treatment). The combined administration at lower doses caused the most injury. The data verified that the decrease in uterine polyamine levels and subsequent decidual cells injuries were the critical role of early pregnancy arrest induced by DL111-IT or RU486. The two compounds used in combination with lower dosages revealed greatly synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shentu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, 310031, Hangzhou, China
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46
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Band PR, Le ND, Fang R, Astrakianakis G, Bert J, Keefe A, Krewski D. Cohort cancer incidence among pulp and paper mill workers in British Columbia. Scand J Work Environ Health 2001; 27:113-9. [PMID: 11409593 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A study was conducted to investigate cancer risks in a cohort of pulp and paper workers. METHODS All male workers with > or =1 years of employment in 14 pulp and paper mills in 1950-1992 were studied. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were used to compare the cancer incidence of the cohort with that of the Canadian male population. Record linkage with the National Cancer Registry was performed using the generalized iterative record linkage method. RESULTS Altogether 1756 cancer cases were observed in the entire cohort. For > or =15 years of work, the entire cohort had significantly increased SIR values for pleural and prostate cancer and skin melanoma; there was also a significantly increased risk for skin melanoma among workers in the kraft process only, rectal cancer among workers in the sulfite process only, and stomach and prostate cancer and all leukemias combined among workers in both the kraft and sulfite processes. A separate analysis comparing workers in pulping and papermaking with those in the pulping process only did not reveal any difference in cancer risk and hence did not modify the results. The SIR values for skin melanoma were not significantly increased in a comparison using the British Columbia male population. Nine of 10 pleural cancers were mesotheliomas, which likely reflect past asbestos exposure. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that long-term work in the pulp and paper industry is associated with excess risks of prostate and stomach cancers and all leukemias for work in both kraft and sulfite processes and of rectal cancer for work in the sulfite process only.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Band
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.
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47
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Abstract
The residual small bowel undergoes profound adaptive alterations after surgical resection. GH is considered to have a role in regulation of these adaptive changes, but its precise role is unknown. We investigated the role of GH by studying the response to intestinal resection in rats with isolated GH deficiency. Spontaneous dwarf rats, a strain of rats with congenital isolated GH deficiency, underwent 60% resection of the small intestine and parameters of the response of the intestinal remnant were compared with age-matched GH-deficient rats undergoing transection, GH-normal rats undergoing 60% resection, and nonmanipulated GH-normal rats. Deficiency of GH did not inhibit hyperplasia of the mucosal mass of the intestinal remnant, indicating that GH is not required for regulation of this aspect of the adaptive response. However, GH deficiency resulted in lack of accumulation of mucosal protein, including lack of accumulation of digestive hydrolases. In addition, GH deficiency resulted in alterations in processing of digestive hydrolases of the distal intestine, indicating that GH may have region-specific effects on small intestinal function. We conclude that GH is required for the normal expression of specific components of the adaptive response to massive small intestinal resection, but not for all aspects. The aspects that require GH appear to involve protein synthesis and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Durant
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5119, USA
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48
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Abstract
Thyroid hormone (T3) is an important regulator of gut mucosal development and differentiation, inducing intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) and repressing lactase gene transcription. In contrast, cyclin D1 (CD1) appears to be a growth promoter in the gut, functioning to maintain the undifferentiated state. The present studies were designed to examine the effects of CD1 on T3 action within intestinal epithelia. Caco-2 cells were maintained in hypothyroid medium and transiently transfected with either rat lactase (3.0 kb) or human IAP (2.4 kb) luciferase (Luc) reporter plasmids. Cotransfections were carried out using two T3 receptor (TR) isoforms, TR"-1 and TR$-1, as well as plasmids expressing CD1, CD3, CA, or CB1. Cells were then treated +/- 10 nmol/L T3 for 24 hours and luciferase activity was determined. With T3 treatment, IAP-Luc activity was induced (TR"-1 = eightfold, TR$-1 = ninefold), but these effects were dramatically inhibited (> 50%) by CD1 and CD3. In contrast, CA and CB1 did not alter T3-mediated IAP gene activation. The ability of CD1 and CD3 to inhibit T3 action was also tested in the context of the lactase gene, which is negatively regulated by T3. As expected, lactase reporter gene activity was repressed by T3 treatment in the case of both receptor isoforms, TR"-1 = 30% and TR$-1 = 40%. In contrast to its effects on the IAP gene, CD1 did not inhibit T3-mediated changes in lactase reporter gene activity. The D-type cyclins (CD1 and CD3), but not CA or CB1, specifically inhibit T3-mediated activation of the IAP gene. In contrast, the D-type cyclins do not inhibit T3-mediated repression of the lactase gene. These studies have identified a novel molecular interaction that exists between the pathways of growth and differentiation within intestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Meng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA
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49
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Abstract
The GATA family of transcription factors regulate tissue-specific patterns of gene expression during development. We have characterized the interaction between GATA proteins and the lactase gene promoter. Nuclear protein bound to the lactase gene GATA region cis element (-97 to -73) was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and supershift assays with GATA antibodies. Lactase promoter activities were assayed in Caco-2 cells transfected with wild-type and mutated luciferase promoter-reporter constructs and GATA-4/5/6 expression constructs. EMSA with the GATA region probe yields a specific DNA-protein complex that requires the GATA factor binding site WGATAR. The complex is recognized by GATA-4- and GATA-6-specific antibodies. GATA-4/5/6 expression constructs are able to activate transcription driven by the wild-type promoter, but not by a promoter in which the GATA binding site is mutated, in Caco-2 and nonintestinal QT6 cells. GATA factor binding to the lactase cis element correlates with functional promoter activation. We conclude that each of the GATA family zinc finger proteins expressed in the intestine, GATA-4, -5, and -6, can interact with the lactase promoter GATA element and can function to activate the promoter in Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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50
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Band PR, Le ND, Fang R, Deschamps M, Gallagher RP, Yang P. Identification of occupational cancer risks in British Columbia. A population-based case-control study of 995 incident breast cancer cases by menopausal status, controlling for confounding factors. J Occup Environ Med 2000; 42:284-310. [PMID: 10738708 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-200003000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lifetime occupational histories as well as information on known and suspected breast cancer risk factors were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire from 1018 women with incident breast cancer ascertained from the British Columbia Cancer Registry, and from 1020 population controls. A matched case-control study design was used. Conditional logistic regression for matched sets data and the likelihood ratio were used in a two-step procedure and were performed separately for pre-menopausal women, post-menopausal women, and for all cases combined. Excess risk was noted for several white-collar occupations. Significantly increased risk was observed: (1) among pre-menopausal women: in electronic data-processing operators; barbers and hairdressers; in sales and material processing occupations; and in the food, clothing, chemical and transportation industries; (2) among post-menopausal women: in schoolteaching; in medicine, health, and nursing occupations; in laundry and dry-cleaning occupations; and in the aircraft and automotive, including gasoline service station, industries. Several significant associations were also seen in the combined group of pre- and post-menopausal women, particularly in crop farmers and in the fruit and vegetable, publishing and printing, and motor vehicle repair industries. The results of this study suggest excess breast cancer risk in a number of occupations and industries, notably those that entail exposure to solvents and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Band
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
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