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Vattai A, Kremer N, Meister S, Beyer S, Keilmann L, Buschmann C, Corradini S, Schmoeckel E, Kessler M, Mahner S, Jeschke U, Hertlein L, Kolben T. Increase of the T-reg-recruiting chemokine CCL22 expression in a progressive course of cervical dysplasia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6613-6623. [PMID: 36792811 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04638-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An increasing infiltration of FoxP3-positive T-regs is associated with a higher grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The T-reg-recruiting chemokine CCL22 is expressed in various tumour entities. Aim of our study was to investigate the role of CCL22 in the progression and regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias, especially in patients with intermediate cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN II). Furthermore, our aim was to characterize the CCL22-producing cells and explore the role of innate immunity in the process of cells recruitment. METHODS CCL22 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically in 169 patient samples. The immunoreactive score as well as the median numbers of positive cells were calculated in each slide and correlated with the histological CIN grade and FoxP3 expression. Additionally, CD68/CCL22 as well as CD68/PPARγ and CD68/FoxP3 expression were examined by double immunofluorescence. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 26. RESULTS A significantly higher expression of epithelial CCL22 in CIN II with progression in comparison to CIN II with regression (p = 0.006) could be detected. CCL22 was correlated with FoxP3 (Spearman's Rho: 0.308; p < 0.01). In 88%, CCL22-positive cells were positive for CD68, and 71% of CD68-positive macrophages expressed PPARγ. Colocalization of CD68 and FoxP3 was detected in 12%. CONCLUSION We could demonstrate that increased expression of CCL22, mainly produced by macrophages, correlates with elevated potential of malignancy. CCL22 expression could act as a predictor for regression and progression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and it may help in the decision process regarding surgical treatment versus watchful waiting strategy in order to prevent conisation-associated risks. Furthermore, our findings support the potential of CCL22-producing cells as a target for immune therapy in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Kinderwunsch Centrum Muenchen, 81241, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nadine Kremer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Meister
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Beyer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Keilmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Buschmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Corradini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Mirjana Kessler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Linda Hertlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Garrido F, Wild CM, Jeschke U, Dannecker C, Mayr D, Cavailles V, Mahner S, Kost B, Heidegger HH, Vattai A. Expression of Progesterone Receptor A as an Independent Negative Prognosticator for Cervical Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032815. [PMID: 36769131 PMCID: PMC9917985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of progesterone receptor A (PRA) for the survival outcome of cervical cancer patients is ambiguous. In mouse models, it has been shown that PRA plays a rather protective role in cancer development. The aim of this study was to assess its expression by immunohistochemistry in 250 cervical cancer tissue samples and to correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters including patient survival. PRA expression was positively correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification scores. PRA was significantly overexpressed in adenocarcinomas compared to squamous epithelial carcinoma subtypes. Correlation analyses revealed a trend association with the HPV virus protein E6, a negative correlation with p16 and a positive correlation with EP3. PRA expression was also associated with the expression of RIP140, a transcriptional coregulator that we previously identified as a negative prognostic factor for survival in cervical cancer patients. Univariate survival analyses revealed PRA as a negative prognosticator for survival in patients with cervical adenocarcinoma. Multivariate analyses showed that simultaneous expression of RIP140 and PRA was associated with the worst survival, whereas with negative RIP140, PRA expression alone was associated with the best survival. We can therefore assume that the effect of nuclear PRA on overall survival is dependent upon nuclear RIP140 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Garrido
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Carl Mathis Wild
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Department of Data Management and Clinical Decision Support, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-54240
| | - Christian Dannecker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent Cavailles
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Helene H. Heidegger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Role of FoxP3-positive regulatory T-cells in regressive and progressive cervical dysplasia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:377-386. [PMID: 34739585 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Forkhead Box Protein 3 (FoxP3) is known as a key mediator in the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Tregs). The aim of our study was to investigate whether FoxP3-positive Tregs have the potential to act as an independent predictor in progression as well as in regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, especially in patients with intermediate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II). METHODS Nuclear FoxP3 expression was immunohistochemically analysed in 169 patient samples (CIN I, CIN II with regressive course, CIN II with progressive course, CIN III). The median numbers were calculated for each slide and correlated with the histological CIN grade. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 26 (Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman's rank correlation). RESULTS An increased FoxP3 expression in CIN II with progression could be detected in comparison to CIN II with regression (p = 0.003). Total FoxP3 expression (epithelium and dysplasia-connected stroma) was higher in more advanced CIN grades (p < 0.001 for CIN I vs. CIN II; p = 0.227 for CIN II vs. CIN III). A positive correlation could be detected between FoxP3-positive cells in epithelium and total FoxP3 expression (Spearman's Rho: 0,565; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Expression of FoxP3 could be a helpful predictive factor to assess the risks of CIN II progression. As a prognosticator for regression and progression in cervical intraepithelial lesions it might thereby help in the decision process regarding surgical treatment vs. watchful waiting strategy to prevent conisation-associated risks for patients in child-bearing age. In addition, the findings support the potential of Tregs as a target for immune therapy in cervical cancer patients.
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Wu Y, Zhao X, Hao Y, Wang X, Xue C, Wang Y, Zhang R, Zhang X. Long Noncoding RNA SERTAD2-3 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Proliferation and Migration by Competitively Binding miR-29c. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:67-72. [PMID: 31999493 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor disease with high morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents. Recently, attention has been focused on the effects of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on tumor biology. In this study, we identified the role of lnc-SERTAD2-3 in the development of OS. Materials and Methods: Sixty OS samples and adjacent tissues were collected to determine the relationship between lnc-SERTAD2-3 levels and clinicopathological characteristics. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to measure gene expression levels. A transwell invasion assay, a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and flow cytometry were used to measure cell migration, growth, and apoptosis, respectively. The binding site between the lnc-SERTAD2-3 and miR-29c RNAs was evaluated using a luciferase reporter assay. Results: The expression of the lnc-SERTAD2-3 was significantly downregulated in OS samples and three OS cell lines (MG-63, U2OS, and Saos-2) compared to normal tissue. Patients with lower levels of lnc-SERTAD2-3 expression had a more unfavorable prognosis (larger OS size, distant metastasis, and recurrence). Overexpression of lnc-SERTAD2-3 inhibited proliferation and migration, and promoted apoptosis in OS cells. Moreover, we found that lnc-SERTAD2-3 could suppress miR-29c by direct binding. Moreover, reexpression of miR-29c reversed the effect of lnc-SERTAD2-3 on OS cells. Conclusion: Overall, lnc-SERTAD2-3, an OS suppressor, is involved in the inhibition of OS proliferation and migration by targeting miR-29c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangjun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuezhou Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyu Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mongre RK, Mishra CB, Jung S, Lee BS, Quynh NTN, Anh NH, Myagmarjav D, Jo T, Lee MS. Exploring the Role of TRIP-Brs in Human Breast Cancer: An Investigation of Expression, Clinicopathological Significance, and Prognosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:105-126. [PMID: 33102693 PMCID: PMC7554327 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TRIP-Brs, a group of transcription factors (TFs) that modulate several mechanisms in higher organisms. However, the novel paradigm to target TRIP-Brs in specific cancer remains to be deciphered. In particular, comprehensive analysis of TRIP-Brs in clinicopathological and patients’ prognosis, especially in breast cancer (BRCA), is being greatly ignored. Therefore, we explored the key roles of TRIP-Br expression, modulatory effects, mutations, immune infiltration, and prognosis in BRCA using multidimensional approaches. We found elevated levels of TRIP-Brs in numerous cancer tissues than normal. Higher expression of TRIP-Br-2/4/5 was shown to be positively associated with lower survival, tumor grade, and malignancy of patients with BRCA. Additionally, higher TRIP-Br-3/4 were also significantly linked with worse/short survival of BRCA patients. TRIP-Br-1/4/5 were significantly overexpressed and enhanced tumorigenesis in large-scale BRCA datasets. The mRNA levels of TRIP-Brs have been also correlated with tumor immune infiltrate in BRCA patients. In addition, TRIP-Brs synergistically play a pivotal role in central carbon metabolism, cancer-associated pathways, cell cycle, and thyroid hormone signaling, which evoke that TRIP-Brs may be a potential target for the therapy of BRCA. Thus, this investigation may lay a foundation for further research on TRIP-Br-mediated management of BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Mongre
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandra Bhushan Mishra
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Samil Jung
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quynh
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Hai Anh
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Davaajragal Myagmarjav
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Jo
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
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Ewald PW, Swain Ewald HA. The scope of viral causation of human cancers: interpreting virus density from an evolutionary perspective. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 374:20180304. [PMID: 30955500 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most known oncogenic viruses of humans use DNA as their genomic material. Research over the past quarter century has revealed that their oncogenicity results largely from direct interference with barriers to oncogenesis. In contrast to viruses that have been accepted causes of particular cancers, candidate viral causes tend to have fewer viral than cellular genomes in the tumours. These low viral loads have caused researchers to conclude that the associated viruses are not primary causes of the associated cancers. Consideration of differential survival, reproduction and infiltration of cells in a tumour suggest, however, that viral loads could be low even when viruses are primary causes of cancer. Resolution of this issue has important implications for human health because medical research tends to be effective at preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Mathematical models may clarify the problem and help guide future research by assessing whether low viral loads are likely outcomes of the differential survival, reproduction, and infiltration of cells in a tumour and, more generally, the extent to which viruses contribute to cancer. This article is part of the theme issue 'Silent cancer agents: multi-disciplinary modelling of human DNA oncoviruses'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Ewald
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville , Louisville, KY 40292 , USA
| | - Holly A Swain Ewald
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville , Louisville, KY 40292 , USA
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Vogelsang TLR, Schmoeckel E, Kuhn C, Blankenstein T, Temelkov M, Heidegger H, Kolben TM, Kolben T, Mahner S, Mayr D, Jeschke U, Vattai A. Regulation of LCoR and RIP140 expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and correlation with CIN progression and dedifferentiation. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:1847-1855. [PMID: 32157438 PMCID: PMC7256097 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Ligand-dependent corepressor (LCoR) and receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140/NRIP1) play an important role in the regulation of multiple oncogenic signaling pathways and the development of cancer. LCoR and RIP140 form a nuclear complex in breast cancer cells and are of prognostic value in further prostate and cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the regulation of these proteins in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I–III). Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was obtained to quantify RIP140 and LCoR expression in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia samples. Tissue (n = 94) was collected from patients treated in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany, between 2002 and 2014. Correlations of expression levels with clinical outcome were carried out to assess for prognostic relevance in patients with CIN2 progression. Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test were used for data analysis. Results Nuclear LCoR overexpression correlates significantly with CIN II progression. Nuclear RIP140 expression significantly increases and nuclear LCoR expression decreases with higher grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cytoplasmic RIP140 expression is significantly higher in CIN III than in CIN I or CIN II. Conclusion A decrease of nuclear LCoR expression in line with an increase of dedifferentiation of CIN can be observed. Nuclear LCoR overexpression correlates with CIN II progression indicating a prognostic value of LCoR in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Nuclear and cytoplasmic RIP140 expression increases significantly with higher grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underlining its potential role in the development of pre-cancerous lesions. These findings support the relevance of LCoR and RIP140 in the tumorigenesis indicating a possible role of LCoR and RIP140 as targets for novel therapeutic approaches in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman L R Vogelsang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Blankenstein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Mina Temelkov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Helene Heidegger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Maria Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337, Munich, Germany
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Mongre RK, Jung S, Mishra CB, Lee BS, Kumari S, Lee MS. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of SERTAD1 in Various Types of Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Retrospective Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E337. [PMID: 30857225 PMCID: PMC6469047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SERTAD/TRIP-Br genes are considered as a key nuclear transcriptional player in diverse mechanisms of cell including carcinogenesis. The Oncomine™-Online Platform was used for differential expression and biological insights. Kaplan-Meier survival estimated by KM-plotter/cBioPortal/PrognoScan with 95% CI. SERTAD1 was found significantly elevated levels in most of tumor samples. Kaplan-Meier Plotter results distinctly showed the SERTAD1 over-expression significantly reduced median overall-survival (OS) of patients in liver (n = 364/Logrank-test p = 0.0015), ovarian (n = 655/Logrank-test p = 0.00011) and gastric (n = 631/Logrank-test p = 0.1866). Increased level of SERTAD1 has a significantly higher survival rate in the initial time period, but after 100 months slightly reduced OS (n = 26/Logrank-test p = 0.34) and RFS in HER2 positive breast cancer patients. In meta-analysis, cancer patients with higher SERTAD1 mRNA fold resulted worse overall survival than those with lower SERTAD1 levels. Heterogeneity was observed in the fixed effect model analysis DFS [Tau² = 0.0.073, Q (df = 4) = 15.536 (p = 0.004), I² = 74.253], DSS [Tau² = 1.015, Q (df = 2) = 33.214, (p = 0.000), I² = 93.973], RFS [Tau² = 0.492, Q (df = 7) = 71.133 (p = 0.000), I² = 90.159] (Figure 5). OS [Tau² = 0.480, Q (df = 17) = 222.344 (p = 0.000), I² = 92.354]. Lastly, SERTAD1 involved in several signaling cascades through interaction and correlation with many candidate factors as well as miRNAs. This meta-analysis demonstrates a robust evidence of an association between higher or lower SERTAD1, alteration and without alteration of SERTAD1 in cancers in terms of survival and cancer invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Mongre
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
| | - Samil Jung
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
| | - Chandra Bhushan Mishra
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cellular Heterogeneity Research Center, Department of Biosystem, Sookmyung Women's University, Hyochangwon gil-52, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul 140-742, Korea.
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Kost BP, Beyer S, Schröder L, Zhou J, Mayr D, Kuhn C, Schulze S, Hofmann S, Mahner S, Jeschke U, Heidegger H. Glucocorticoid receptor in cervical cancer: an immunhistochemical analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 299:203-209. [PMID: 30306311 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women worldwide. In most of all cases, a persistent HPV infection is the leading cause. HPV-specific sequences are able to bind glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Dexamethasone can increase the activity of early promoters in HPV16 and HPV18 interfering in transcription control of viral oncogenes. The aim of our study was to evaluate glucocorticoid receptor as transcriptional factor in its active form in the nucleus of in cervical cancer cells and to correlate the results with clinical patient specific parameters. METHODS A total of 250 paraffin-embedded cervical cancer samples obtained from patients having undergone surgery for cervical cancer were used for the study. The expression of GR was immunhistochemical examined and evaluated by a semi-quantitative scoring. SPSS software was used for the statistical evaluation of staining results and survival analysis of patients with cervical cancer. RESULTS GR is frequently expressed in cervical carcinoma tissue in favor of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). An enhanced expression is correlated with rather small clinical stages. The expression of the GR is correlated with better overall survival and progression-free survival. CONCLUSIONS The glucocorticoid receptor is frequently expressed in cervical carcinoma tissue in favor of squamous cell carcinoma. An enhanced expression is correlated with rather small clinical stages. The expression of the analyzed receptor is correlated with better overall survival. Further studies are needed to determine useful treatment targets for glucocorticoid receptor manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Peter Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Beyer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lennard Schröder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Junyan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Klinikum Der Universität München, Pathologisches Institut, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Schulze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Hofmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Helene Heidegger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Vattai A, Cavailles V, Sixou S, Beyer S, Kuhn C, Peryanova M, Heidegger H, Hermelink K, Mayr D, Mahner S, Dannecker C, Jeschke U, Kost B. Investigation of RIP140 and LCoR as independent markers for poor prognosis in cervical cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105356-105371. [PMID: 29285256 PMCID: PMC5739643 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction RIP140 (Receptor Interacting Protein) is involved in the regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways and in the development of breast and colon cancers. The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of RIP140 and its partner LCoR in cervical cancers, to decipher their relationship with histone protein modifications and to identify a potential link with patient survival. Methods Immunohistochemical analyses were carried out to quantify RIP140 and LCoR expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections cervical cancer samples. Correlations of RIP140 and LCoR expression with histopathological variables were determined by correlation analyses. Survival rates of patients expressing low or high levels of RIP140 and LCoR were compared by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results RIP140 overexpression was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival of cervical cancer patients. This effect was significant in the squamous cell carcinoma subtype but not in adenocarcinomas. RIP140 is no longer a significant negative prognosticator for cervical cancer when LCoR expression is low. Discussion RIP140 is an independent predictor of poor survival of patients with cervical cancer. Patients with tumors expressing low levels of both RIP140 and LCoR showed a better survival compared to patients expressing high levels of RIP140. Modulation of RIP140 and LCoR may represent a novel targeting strategy for cervical cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent Cavailles
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Sixou
- Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Susanne Beyer
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Mina Peryanova
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Helene Heidegger
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hermelink
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Dannecker
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Kost
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
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Stiasny A, Freier CP, Kuhn C, Schulze S, Mayr D, Alexiou C, Janko C, Wiest I, Dannecker C, Jeschke U, Kost BP. The involvement of E6, p53, p16, MDM2 and Gal-3 in the clinical outcome of patients with cervical cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4467-4476. [PMID: 29085443 PMCID: PMC5649573 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. HPV oncogenes are responsible for the development of malignancy, and the E6 oncoprotein that HPV expresses induces the degradation of tumour suppressor protein p53 (p53). This degradation leads to the upregulation of p16; however, unidentified proteins may also serve a role in the development and progression of cervical cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyse the expression levels of E6, p53, p16, MDM2 proto-oncogene (MDM2) and galectin-3 (gal-3) in cervical cancer specimens. A total of 250 cervical cancer tissue slides were used. The expression of E6, p53, p16, MDM2 and gal-3 was analysed with immunohistochemical methods and a semi-quantitative scoring. SPSS software was used for the statistical evaluation of staining results and survival analysis of patients with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer specimens demonstrated significantly increased E6 staining with advanced T-status and increased International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classification. E6, p53 and p16 demonstrated significantly different expression levels in squamous epithelial tissue compared with adenocarcinomas. MDM2 and gal-3 demonstrated positively correlated expression levels in cervical cancer. In addition, gal-3 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in p16-negative cases. A negative correlation between the expression of E6 and a mutated form of p53 was also identified in cervical cancer. p53 mutation was demonstrated to be common in cervical cancer, and gal-3 and MDM2 appeared to act in a combined manner in this type of tumour. As gal-3 is overexpressed in the cervical cancer tissue of patients with poor prognosis, the use of gal-3 inhibitors should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Stiasny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph P Freier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Schulze
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Foundation Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Foundation Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Irmi Wiest
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Dannecker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd P Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany
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Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Treatment Induces Concomitant SERTAD1, CDKN2B and GADD45A Modulation and Cellular Changes in Bladder Cancer Cells Regardless of the Site of TP53 Mutation. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 24:407-417. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Histone H3 Acetyl K9 and Histone H3 Tri Methyl K4 as Prognostic Markers for Patients with Cervical Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030477. [PMID: 28241481 PMCID: PMC5372493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling alters gene expression in carcinoma tissue. Although cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, a systematic study about the prognostic value of specific changes in the chromatin structure, such as histone acetylation or histone methylation, is missing. In this study, the expression of histone H3 acetyl K9, which is known to denote active regions at enhancers and promoters, and histone H3 tri methyl K4, which preferentially identifies active gene promoters, were examined as both show high metastatic potential. A panel of patients with cervical cancer was selected and the importance of the histone modifications concerning survival-time (overall survival and relapse-free survival) was analyzed in 250 cases. Histone H3 acetyl K9 staining was correlated with low grading, low FIGO (TNM classification and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) status, negative N-status and low T-status in cervical cancer, showing a higher expression in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma. Cytoplasmic expression of histone H3 tri methyl K4 in a cervical cancer specimen was correlated with advanced T-status and poor prognosis. While cytoplasmic H3K4me3 expression seemed to be a marker of relapse-free survival, nuclear expression showed a correlation to poor prognosis in overall survival. Within this study, we analyzed the chemical modification of two histone proteins that are connected to active gene expression. Histone H3 acetyl K9 was found to be an independent marker of overall survival. Histone H3 tri methyl K4 was correlated with poor prognosis and it was found to be an independent marker of relapse-free survival. Therefore, we could show that chromatin remodeling plays an important role in cervical cancer biology.
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Wang J, Dupuis C, Tyring SK, Underbrink MP. Sterile α Motif Domain Containing 9 Is a Novel Cellular Interacting Partner to Low-Risk Type Human Papillomavirus E6 Proteins. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149859. [PMID: 26901061 PMCID: PMC4764768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-risk type human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11 infection causes recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and genital warts. RRP is the most common benign tumor of the larynx in children with frequent relapses. Repeated surgeries are often needed to improve vocal function and prevent life-threatening respiratory obstruction. Currently, there are no effective treatments available to completely eliminate these diseases, largely due to limited knowledge regarding their viral molecular pathogenesis. HPV E6 proteins contribute to cell immortalization by interacting with a variety of cellular proteins, which have been well studied for the high-risk type HPVs related to cancer progression. However, the functions of low-risk HPV E6 proteins are largely unknown. In this study, we report GST-pulldown coupled mass spectrometry analysis with low-risk HPV E6 proteins that identified sterile alpha motif domain containing 9 (SAMD9) as a novel interacting partner. We then confirmed the interaction between HPV-E6 and SAMD9 using co-immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, and confocal immunofluorescence staining. The SAMD9 gene is down-regulated in a variety of neoplasms and deleteriously mutated in normophosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis. Interestingly, SAMD9 also has antiviral functions against poxvirus. Our study adds to the limited knowledge of the molecular properties of low-risk HPVs and describes new potential functions for the low-risk HPV E6 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Crystal Dupuis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Stephen K. Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Underbrink
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Underbrink MP, Dupuis C, Wang J, Tyring SK. E6 proteins from low-risk human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 are able to protect keratinocytes from apoptosis via Bak degradation. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:715-724. [PMID: 26743580 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of epithelial surfaces with low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 causes troublesome clinical diseases, such as recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, that carry a significant cost burden to the healthcare system. Despite this, less has been studied at the molecular level for the low-risk HPV types when compared with their high-risk counterparts. Recent studies have shown the ability of the HPV E6 protein to degrade the pro-apoptotic family member Bak in high-risk and betapapillomavirus HPV types, which confers a cytoprotective advantage on E6-expressing cells. It is unknown whether low-risk E6 expression disrupts the apoptosis pathway and confers a cytoprotective advantage as a result of Bak degradation. We tested the abilities of 6E6 and 11E6 to degrade Bak and protect keratinocytes from UV-initiated apoptosis. Both low-risk 6E6 and 11E6 proteins were able to degrade activated Bak following UV treatment of keratinocytes. The degradation of Bak in 6E6- and 11E6-expressing cells occurred through the proteasomal pathway, and protected them from apoptosis, specifically through the intrinsic pathway to the same extent as their high-risk HPV16 E6 counterpart. In conclusion, we have found a new, critical and conserved function of low-risk HPV E6 proteins, i.e. the ability to degrade Bak, which gives them a cytoprotective advantage over normal, uninfected cells by specifically disrupting the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Underbrink
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Crystal Dupuis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Role of Cdk1 in the p53-independent abrogation of the postmitotic checkpoint by human papillomavirus E6. J Virol 2014; 89:2553-62. [PMID: 25520504 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02269-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Specific types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are strongly associated with the development of cervical carcinoma. The HPV E6 oncoprotein from HPV degrades p53 and abrogates cell cycle checkpoints. Nonetheless, functional p53 has been observed in cervical cancer. We have previously identified a p53-independent function of E6 in attenuating the postmitotic G1-like checkpoint that can lead to polyploidy, an early event during cervical carcinogenesis that predisposes cells to aneuploidy. How E6 promotes cell cycle progression in the presence of p53 and its target, p21, remains a mystery. In this study, we examined the expression of cell cycle-related genes in cells expressing wild-type E6 and the mutant that is defective in p53 degradation but competent in abrogating the postmitotic checkpoint. Our results demonstrated an increase in the steady-state levels of G1- and G2-related cyclins/Cdks in E6-expressing keratinocytes. Interestingly, only Cdk1 remained active in E6 mutant-expressing cells while bypassing the postmitotic checkpoint. Furthermore, the downregulation of Cdk1 impaired the ability of both wild-type and mutant E6 to induce polyploidy. Our study thus demonstrated an important role for Cdk1, which binds p21 with lower affinity than Cdk2, in abrogating the postmitotic checkpoint in E6-expressing cells. We further show that E2F1 is important for E6 to upregulate Cdk1. Moreover, reduced nuclear p21 localization was observed in the E6 mutant-expressing cells. These findings shed light on the mechanisms by which HPV induces genomic instability and hold promise for the identification of drug targets. IMPORTANCE HPV infection is strongly associated with the development of cervical carcinoma. HPV encodes an E6 oncoprotein that degrades the tumor suppressor p53 and abrogates cell cycle checkpoints. Nonetheless, functional p53 has been observed in cervical cancer. We have recently demonstrated a p53-independent abrogation of the postmitotic checkpoint by HPV E6 that induces polyploidy. However, the mechanism is not known. In this study, we provide evidence that Cdk1 plays an important role in this process. Previously, Cdk2 was thought to be essential for the G1/S transition, while Cdk1 only compensated its function in the absence of Cdk2. Our studies have demonstrated a novel role of Cdk1 at the postmitotic G1-like checkpoint in the presence of Cdk2. These findings shed light on the mechanisms by which HPV induces genomic instability and hold promise for the identification of drug targets.
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Yuan Y, Tian C, Gong Q, Shang L, Zhang Y, Jin C, He F, Wang J. Interactome map reveals phospholipid scramblase 1 as a novel regulator of hepatitis B virus x protein. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:154-63. [PMID: 25365352 DOI: 10.1021/pr500943x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HBV X protein plays crucial roles during viral infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development through interaction with various host factors. Here, we mapped the interactome of HBx using a yeast two-hybrid screen. Nine human proteins were identified as novel interacting partners of HBx, one of which is phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1). PLSCR1 is an interferon-inducible protein that mediates antiviral activity against DNA and RNA viruses. However, the molecular mechanisms of PLSCR1 activity against HBV remain unclear. Here, we reported that PLSCR1 promotes HBx degradation by a proteasome- and ubiquitin-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we found that PLSCR1 inhibits HBx-mediated cell proliferation. After HBV infection, the protein level of PLSCR1 in plasma is elevated, and chronic hepatitis B patients with low plasma levels of PLSCR1 have a high risk of developing HCC. These results suggest that the nuclear trafficking of PLSCR1 mediates the antiviral activity and anticarcinogenesis against HBV by regulating HBx stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine , Beijing 102206, China
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Abstract
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare, benign disease with no known cure. RRP is caused by infection of the upper aerodigestive tract with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Passage through the birth canal is thought to be the initial transmission event, but infection may occur in utero. HPV vaccines have helped to provide protection from cervical cancer; however, their role in the prevention of RRP is undetermined. Clinical presentation of initial symptoms of RRP may be subtle. RRP course varies, and current management focuses on surgical debulking of papillomatous lesions with or without concurrent adjuvant therapy.
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Costa S, Venturoli S, Mennini FS, Marcellusi A, Pesaresi M, Leo E, Falasca A, Marra E, Cricca M, Santini D, Zerbini M, Pelusi G. Population-based frequency assessment of HPV-induced lesions in patients with borderline Pap tests in the Emilia-Romagna Region: the PATER study. Curr Med Res Opin 2011; 27:569-78. [PMID: 21222568 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.546730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PATER study assessed the frequency of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) human papillomavirus (HPV) in HPV-induced lesions in patients with borderline cytology. METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study was designed to evaluate ASCUS patients detected through a local cervical cancer screening programme and referred to the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital in Bologna, in the period between January 2000 and December 2007. RESULTS In 1047 patients aged 38.4 ± 9.6 years (range 23-65 years), 34.8% (n = 364) was positive for HR- or LR-HPV DNA. The mean age of women with HPV infection was significantly lower compared with the negative group (36.8 ± 9.4 versus 39.3 ± 9.6 years; p < 0.001). Overall, 357 (34.1%) women had cervical lesions: 279 (26.6%) had CIN1, 18 (1.7%) CIN2, and 60 (5.7%) CIN3+. HR-HPV genotype was detected in 83.3%, and 91.5% of patients with CIN2 and CIN3+ respectively. Among the 124 CIN1 HPV-positive women, 8.9% harboured LR-HPV genotypes, 80.6% HR-HPV and 10.5% a combination of HR- and LR-HPV. HPV-6 and 11 accounted for 19.4% of all HPV-positive CIN1 lesions. CONCLUSION Our study suggest that: in ASCUS patients over 40 years there is a low risk of positivity for HPV infection; the HPV DNA testing in patients with CIN3+ and a mean age close to 40 years is highly sensitive (98.3%) and acceptably specific (75.5%); the frequency of LR-HPV (alone or in combination with HR) in ASCUS cytology is not negligible. A tetravalent-based HPV vaccination alongside the screening programme would provide considerable clinical, organizational, and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Costa
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Jabbar S, Strati K, Shin MK, Pitot HC, Lambert PF. Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins act synergistically to cause head and neck cancer in mice. Virology 2010; 407:60-7. [PMID: 20797753 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) contribute to cervical and other anogenital cancers, and they are also linked etiologically to a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). We previously established a model for HPV-associated HNSCC in which we treated transgenic mice expressing the papillomaviral oncoproteins with the chemical carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO). We found that the HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein was highly potent in causing HNSCC, and its dominance masked any potential oncogenic contribution of E6, a second papillomaviral oncoprotein commonly expressed in human cancers. In the current study, we shortened the duration of treatment with 4-NQO to reduce the incidence of cancers and discovered a striking synergy between E6 and E7 in causing HNSCC. Comparing the oncogenic properties of wild-type versus mutant E6 genes in this model for HNSCC uncovered a role for some but not other cellular targets of E6 previously shown to contribute to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Jabbar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1400 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Cheong JK, Gunaratnam L, Zang ZJ, Yang CM, Sun X, Nasr SL, Sim KG, Peh BK, Rashid SBA, Bonventre JV, Salto-Tellez M, Hsu SI. TRIP-Br2 promotes oncogenesis in nude mice and is frequently overexpressed in multiple human tumors. J Transl Med 2009; 7:8. [PMID: 19152710 PMCID: PMC2671481 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Members of the TRIP-Br/SERTAD family of mammalian transcriptional coregulators have recently been implicated in E2F-mediated cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. We, herein, focus on the detailed functional characterization of the least understood member of the TRIP-Br/SERTAD protein family, TRIP-Br2 (SERTAD2). Methods Oncogenic potential of TRIP-Br2 was demonstrated by (1) inoculation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts, which were engineered to stably overexpress ectopic TRIP-Br2, into athymic nude mice for tumor induction and (2) comprehensive immunohistochemical high-throughput screening of TRIP-Br2 protein expression in multiple human tumor cell lines and human tumor tissue microarrays (TMAs). Clinicopathologic analysis was conducted to assess the potential of TRIP-Br2 as a novel prognostic marker of human cancer. RNA interference of TRIP-Br2 expression in HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells was performed to determine the potential of TRIP-Br2 as a novel chemotherapeutic drug target. Results Overexpression of TRIP-Br2 is sufficient to transform murine fibroblasts and promotes tumorigenesis in nude mice. The transformed phenotype is characterized by deregulation of the E2F/DP-transcriptional pathway through upregulation of the key E2F-responsive genes CYCLIN E, CYCLIN A2, CDC6 and DHFR. TRIP-Br2 is frequently overexpressed in both cancer cell lines and multiple human tumors. Clinicopathologic correlation indicates that overexpression of TRIP-Br2 in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with a worse clinical outcome by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Small interfering RNA-mediated (siRNA) knockdown of TRIP-Br2 was sufficient to inhibit cell-autonomous growth of HCT-116 cells in vitro. Conclusion This study identifies TRIP-Br2 as a bona-fide protooncogene and supports the potential for TRIP-Br2 as a novel prognostic marker and a chemotherapeutic drug target in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Kong Cheong
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Whiteside MA, Siegel EM, Unger ER. Human papillomavirus and molecular considerations for cancer risk. Cancer 2008; 113:2981-94. [PMID: 18980282 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.23750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a major cause of cancer globally, including cervical cancer. The HPV 'early' proteins, E6 and E7, are the chief oncoproteins involved in cancer progression. These oncoproteins are more highly expressed in high-grade dysplasias and invasive cancer coincident with reduced viral DNA replication and reduced production of infective progeny virions. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins interact with several cellular proteins-classically TP53 and RB1, respectively-leading to the degradation of several of these proteins, although all interactions do not necessarily result in the degradation of a cellular protein. HPV infection is also associated with viral and host DNA methylation changes, many of which also occur in cancer types not associated with HPV infection. The E6 and E7 interactions with cellular proteins and DNA methylation changes are associated with changes in the integrity of key cellular pathways that regulate genomic integrity, cell adhesion, the immune response, apoptosis, and cell cycle control. The alterations in key cellular pathways may provide useful biomarkers to improve the sensitivity of current cancer screening methods, such as the Papanicolaou test. This review provides a detailed summary of the interactions of E6 and E7 with cellular proteins and alterations in cellular DNA methylation associated with HPV infection. The importance of molecular biomarkers to the clinical setting, underserved populations, and general public health is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Whiteside
- Office of Cancer Surveillance, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee 37243, USA.
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Manjarrez ME, Ocadiz R, Valle L, Pacheco C, Marroquin A, De la Torre C, Selman M, Gariglio P. Detection of human papillomavirus and relevant tumor suppressors and oncoproteins in laryngeal tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 12:6946-51. [PMID: 17145812 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The mechanism of larynx oncogenesis is complex and controlled by various factors, most of them involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the levels of two suppressor proteins (pRb and p53) and two oncogenic proteins (c-Myc and Bcl-2), as well as the apoptotic levels and the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in both tumor types. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Low- or high-risk HPV viral DNA was determined by PCR and in situ PCR; the level of cellular proteins was examined by immunohistochemistry; the presence of apoptotic cells was evaluated by in situ cell death detection. RESULTS Most laryngeal papillomatosis samples contained low-risk HPV determined by both techniques. However, 25% of laryngeal carcinoma samples were positive for HPV employing PCR or in situ PCR. In papillomatosis, pRb and p53 levels were higher than in normal larynxes, whereas laryngeal cancer presented the lowest levels. c-Myc oncogene expression was very low in normal and cancer tissues but highly increased in papillomatosis. Bcl-2 expression was low and showed no significant difference between laryngeal papillomatosis and normal larynxes. By contrast, Bcl-2 was clearly up-regulated in cancer. Normal larynx samples and those from laryngeal papillomatosis exhibited similar relatively high numbers of apoptotic cells, whereas in malignant tumors, these cells were scarce. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HPV is an important risk factor in papillomatosis and in some malignant larynx tumors with a strong participation of cellular genes, specifically involved in proliferation and apoptosis. In benign papillomatosis lesions but not in larynx cancer, high p53 activity might preserve the apoptosis process. In larynx cancer, low p53 levels and high bcl-2 expression may be playing an important role to block apoptosis.
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Filippova M, Johnson MM, Bautista M, Filippov V, Fodor N, Tungteakkhun SS, Williams K, Duerksen-Hughes PJ. The large and small isoforms of human papillomavirus type 16 E6 bind to and differentially affect procaspase 8 stability and activity. J Virol 2007; 81:4116-29. [PMID: 17267478 PMCID: PMC1866154 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01924-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) has developed numerous ways to modulate host-initiated immune mechanisms. The HPV-16 E6 oncoprotein, for example, can modulate the cellular level, and consequently the activity, of procaspase 8, thus modifying the cellular response to cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor family. E6 from HPV-16, but not E6 from the low-risk types 6b and 11, alters the cellular level of procaspase 8 in a dose-dependent manner. Both the large and small (E6*) isoforms of E6, which originate by way of alternate splicing, can modulate procaspase 8 stability. Intriguingly, although both isoforms bind to procaspase 8, the large isoform accelerates the degradation of procaspase 8 while the small isoform stabilizes it. Binding leads to a change in the ability of procaspase 8 to bind either to itself or to FADD (Fas-associated death domain), with the large version of E6 able to inhibit this binding while the small isoform does not. Consistent with this model, knockdown of the large version of E6 by small interfering RNA leads to increases in the levels of procaspase 8 and its binding to both itself and FADD. Thus, these alternatively spliced isoforms can modulate both the level and the activity of procaspase 8 in opposite directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Filippova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, 11085 Campus Street, 121 Mortensen Hall, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Darwish H, Cho JM, Loignon M, Alaoui-Jamali MA. Overexpression of SERTAD3, a putative oncogene located within the 19q13 amplicon, induces E2F activity and promotes tumor growth. Oncogene 2007; 26:4319-28. [PMID: 17260023 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The amplified region of chromosome 19q13.1-13.2 has been associated with several cancers. The well-characterized oncogene AKT2 is located in this amplicon. Two members of the same gene family (SERTAD1 and SERTAD3) are also located within this region. We report herein the genomic structure and potential functions of SERTAD3. SERTAD3 has two transcript variants with short mRNA half-lives, and one of the variants is tightly regulated throughout G1 and S phases of the cell cycle. Overexpression of SERTAD3 induces cell transformation in vitro and tumor formation in mice, whereas inhibition of SERTAD3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) results in a reduction in cell growth rate. Furthermore, luciferase assays based on E2F-1 binding indicate that SERTAD3 increases the activity of E2F, which is reduced by inhibition of SERTAD3 by siRNA. Together, our data support that SERTAD3 contributes to oncogenesis, at least in part, via an E2F-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Darwish
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Segal Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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26
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Chen M, Gerlier D. Viral hijacking of cellular ubiquitination pathways as an anti-innate immunity strategy. Viral Immunol 2006; 19:349-62. [PMID: 16987055 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2006.19.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are obligate parasites of host cells. Virus-host coevolution has selected virus for growth despite antiviral defenses set up by hosting cells and organisms. Ubiquitin conjugation onto proteins, through a cascade of reactions mediated by E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme) and E2 and E3 (ubiquitin- conjugating ligases), is one of the major regulatory systems that, in particular, tightly controls the concentration of cellular proteins by sorting them for degradation. The combined diversity of E2 and E3 ligases ensures the selective/specific ubiquitination of a large number of protein substrates within the cell interior. Therefore it is not surprising that several viruses encode proteins with E3 ubiquitin ligase activities that target cellular proteins playing a key role in innate antiviral mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhou Chen
- CNRS, Université de Lyon, UMR5537, Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathogenèse Virale, IFR Laennec, Lyon, France
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27
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Hayashi R, Goto Y, Ikeda R, Yokoyama KK, Yoshida K. CDCA4 is an E2F transcription factor family-induced nuclear factor that regulates E2F-dependent transcriptional activation and cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:35633-48. [PMID: 16984923 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m603800200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The TRIP-Br1/p34(SEI-1) family proteins participate in cell cycle progression by coactivating E2F1- or p53-dependent transcriptional activation. Here, we report the identification of human CDCA4 (also know as SEI-3/Hepp) as a novel target gene of transcription factor E2F and as a repressor of E2F-dependent transcriptional activation. Analysis of CDCA4 promoter constructs showed that an E2F-responsive sequence in the vicinity of the transcription initiation site is necessary for the E2F1-4-induced activation of CDCA4 gene transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that E2F1 and E2F4 bound to an E2F-responsive sequence of the human CDCA4 gene. Like TRIP-Br1/p34(SEI-1) and TRIP-Br2 (SEI-2), the transactivation domain of CDCA4 was mapped within C-terminal acidic region 175-241. The transactivation function of the CDCA4 protein was inhibited by E2F1-4 and DP2, but not by E2F5-8. Inhibition of CDCA4 transactivation activity by E2F1 partially interfered with retinoblastoma protein overexpression. Conversely, CDCA4 suppressed E2F1-3-induced reporter activity. CDCA4 (but not acidic region-deleted CDCA4) suppressed E2F1-regulated gene promoter activity. These findings suggest that the CDCA4 protein functions as a suppressor at the E2F-responsive promoter. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of CDCA4 expression in cancer cells resulted in up-regulation of cell growth rates and DNA synthesis. The CDCA4 protein was detected in several human cells and was induced as cells entered the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. Taken together, our results suggest that CDCA4 participates in the regulation of cell proliferation, mainly through the E2F/retinoblastoma protein pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Hayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
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Watanabe-Fukunaga R, Iida S, Shimizu Y, Nagata S, Fukunaga R. SEI family of nuclear factors regulates p53-dependent transcriptional activation. Genes Cells 2005; 10:851-60. [PMID: 16098148 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2005.00881.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
SEI family proteins, p34SEI-1 and SEI-2(TRIP-Br2), are nuclear factors that are implicated in cell cycle regulation through interaction with CDK4/CyclinD and E2F-1/DP-1 complexes. Here we report that the SEI family proteins regulate transcriptional activity of p53 tumor suppressor protein. Expression of SEI-1, SEI-2 or SEI-3 strongly stimulates p53-dependent gene activation in HeLa and U2OS cells but not in p53-deficient Saos2 or p53-knockdown HeLa cells. SEI proteins possess an intrinsic transactivation activity, interact with the coactivator CREB-binding protein, and cooperate synergistically with the ING family of chromatin-associated proteins to stimulate the transactivation function of p53. Doxycycline-induced expression of SEI proteins results in activation of the p21 gene and inhibition of cell growth, but the growth arrest was not suppressed by the siRNA-mediated knockdown of the endogenous p53 protein. These results indicate that the SEI family of nuclear proteins regulates p53 transcriptional activity and a p53-independent signaling pathway leading to growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Watanabe-Fukunaga
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Filippova M, Brown-Bryan TA, Casiano CA, Duerksen-Hughes PJ. The human papillomavirus 16 E6 protein can either protect or further sensitize cells to TNF: effect of dose. Cell Death Differ 2005; 12:1622-35. [PMID: 15933739 PMCID: PMC1615884 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk strains of human papillomavirus, including HPV 16, cause human cervical carcinomas, due in part to the activity of their E6 oncogene. E6 interacts with a number of cellular proteins involved in host-initiated apoptotic responses. Paradoxically, literature reports show that E6 can both protect cells from and sensitize cells to tumor necrosis factor (TNF). To examine this apparent contradiction, E6 was transfected into U2OS cells and stable clones were treated with TNF. Intriguingly, clones with a high level of E6 expression displayed an increased sensitivity to TNF by undergoing apoptosis, while those with low expression were resistant. Furthermore, TNF treatment of cells in which the expression of E6 was regulated by the addition of doxycycline demonstrated clearly that while low levels of E6 protect cells from TNF, high levels sensitize cells. Together, these results demonstrate that virus-host interactions can be complex and that both quantitative and qualitative aspects are important in determining outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Penelope J. Duerksen-Hughes
- Corresponding author: Dr. Penelope J. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Center for Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, 11085 Campus Street, 121 Mortensen Hall, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, Phone: 909/558-4300 ext 81361, Fax: 909/558-0177, e-mail:
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Pinto-de-Oliveira A, McCance D, de Magalhães-Sant'Ana AC, Marques JM, Gonçalves T. Expression of HPV16 E6 oncoprotein increases resistance to several stress conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2005; 5:777-87. [PMID: 15851106 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsyr.2005.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2004] [Revised: 11/26/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 is essential for the oncogenic transformation process induced by these viruses. Here we expressed the E6 protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (which lacks p53) in order to determine if E6 interacts with normal cell functioning, independently of the p53 tumour suppressor factor. We observed a higher resistance to caffeine, hydrogen peroxide and to pheromone, but not to high temperature, starvation and osmostress. Measurement of the relative expression levels of target genes of the signalling pathways, involved in the latter stressful stimuli, led us to conclude that such pathways are differently regulated in the presence of E6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pinto-de-Oliveira
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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