1
|
Ipinmoroti AO, Pandit R, Crenshaw BJ, Sims B, Matthews QL. Human adenovirus type 3 restores pharmacologically inhibited exosomal cargo in lung carcinoma cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1339862. [PMID: 38449802 PMCID: PMC10915030 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1339862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Drug repurposing is fast growing and becoming an attractive approach for identifying novel targets, such as exosomes for cancer and antiviral therapy. Exosomes are a specialized class of extracellular vesicles that serve as functional mediators in intercellular communication and signaling that are important in normal physiological functions. A continuously growing body of evidence has established a correlation between the abnormal release of exosomes with various viral disease pathologies including cancer. Cells that are virus-infected release exosomes known to influence the process via the loading and transfer of viral components, such as miRNA, small (s) RNA, DNA, and proteins. Inhibition of exosome release may abate the spread and severity of viral infection, thus making exosomes an attractive target for antiviral therapies. We previously demonstrated the pharmacological inhibition of exosomes. Methods: Herein, we used a cell-based assay to determine the effect of Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV3) on the exosome inhibition process by azole and Heparin derivatives. HAdV3-infected cells were treated with two concentrations of each inhibitor at different time points. Results: HAdV3 activities led to increased total sRNA, DNA, and exosome particle concentrations via particle tracking in the presence of Climbazole and Heparin relative to uninfected exosomes. In addition, there was an increased expression of classical markers such as ALG-2 interacting protein X (ALIX), and tetraspanin (CD63), (p < 0.05) and upregulated transcription factor interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 8 in the presence of HAdV3 after 24 hours (h) of treatment. Whereas higher concentrations of Climbazole and Heparin sodium salt were found to inhibit total exosome protein (p < 0.001) and exo-RNA (p < 0.01) content even in the presence of HAdV3 relative to infected exosomes only. Activities of HAdV3 in the presence of selected inhibitors resulted in the positive regulation of exosome related DNA damage/repair signaling proteins. Blocking exosome secretion partially obstructed viral entry. Immunological studies revealed that HAdV3 fiber protein levels in A549 cells were reduced at all concentrations of Climbazole and Heparin and both multiplicities of infections (p < 0.001). Discussion: Our findings suggest that while HAdV may bolster inhibited exosome content and release when modulating certain activities of the endosomal pathway mediators, HAdV entry might be constrained by the activities of these pharmacological agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachana Pandit
- Microbiology Program, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | | | - Brian Sims
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Qiana L. Matthews
- Microbiology Program, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Fan Y, Liu T, Guo Y, Li X, Liu W, Zhou L, Yang Y, Mo C, Chen Y, Liao X, Zhou R, Ding Z, Tian X. Higher affinities of fibers with cell receptors increase the infection capacity and virulence of human adenovirus type 7 and type 55 compared to type 3. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0109023. [PMID: 38018973 PMCID: PMC10783091 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01090-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE HAdV-3, -7, and -55 are the predominant types causing acute respiratory disease outbreaks and can lead to severe and fatal pneumonia in children and adults. In recent years, emerging or re-emerging strains of HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 have caused multiple outbreaks globally in both civilian and military populations, drawing increased attention. Clinical studies have reported that HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 cause more severe pneumonia than HAdV-3. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms explaining the higher severity of HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 infection compared to HAdV-3 infection. Our findings provided evidence linking the receptor-binding protein fiber to stronger infectivity of the strains mentioned above by comparing several fiber-chimeric or fiber-replaced adenoviruses. Our study improves our understanding of adenovirus infection and highlights potential implications, including in novel vector and vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenkuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuncong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
African pygmy hedgehog adenovirus: Virus replication, virus-induced cytopathogenesis and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in infected MDCK cells. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:152-158. [PMID: 34332417 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined several aspects of African hedgehog adenovirus (AhAdv-1) that was isolated from an African pygmy hedgehog, including: replication kinetics of, virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE), activation status of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and possible roles of these signaling pathways in virus replication and virus-induced CPE in MDCK cells. AhAdv-1 efficiently replicated and induced CPE in infected cells and caused accumulation of cleaved caspase-3 at 24 h post-infection (p.i.), suggesting apoptosis induction. Analysis of several intracellular signal transduction pathways, which are involved in apoptosis, showed activation of p38 MAPK, Akt and ERK1/2 pathways at 3 h p.i., and upregulation of phosphorylated SAPK/JNK at 24 h p.i. Although p38 MAPK inhibitor and SAPK/JNK inhibitor suppressed activation of the respective pathways in infected cells, they did not inhibit virus-induced CPE. Treatment of infected cells with inhibitor of the Akt pathway, the p38 pathway, the SAPK/JNK pathway or the ERK pathway revealed that inhibitors of p38 pathway inhibited viral replication by real-time PCR and TCID50 assay in infected MDCK cells, suggesting that AhAdv-1 uses p38 pathway for multiplication in infected cells.
Collapse
|