1
|
Li K, Huang Z, Liu C, Xu Y, Chen W, Shi L, Li C, Zhou F, Zhou F. Transcriptomic analysis of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells treated with LPS. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110870. [PMID: 37633475 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a rapid onset and progression, which lead to the severity and complexity of the primary disease and significantly increase the fatality rate of patients. Transcriptomics provides some ideas for clarifying the mechanism of ARDS, exploring prevention and treatment targets, and searching for related specific markers. In this study, RNA-Seq technology was used to observe the gene expression of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) induced by LPS, and to excavate the key genes and signaling pathways in ARDS process. A total of 2300 up-regulated genes were detected, and a corresponding 1696 down-regulated genes were screened. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were also used for functional annotation of key genes. TFDP1 was identified as a cell cycle-dependent differentially expressed gene, and its reduced expression was verified in LPS-treated PMVECs and lung tissues of CLP-induced mice. In addition, the inhibition of TFDP1 on inflammation and apoptosis, and the promotion of proliferation were confirmed. The decreased expression of E2F1, Rb, CDK1 and the activation of MAPK signaling pathway were substantiated in the in vivo and in vitro models of ARDS. Moreover, SREBF1 has been demonstrated to be involved in cell cycle arrest in PMVECs by inhibiting CDK1. Our study shows that transcriptomics combined with basic research can broaden the investigation of ARDS mechanisms and may provide a basis for future mechanistic innovations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
| | - Zuotian Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing Municipality, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Can Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Fawei Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Fachun Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Benítez-Angeles M, Juárez-González E, Vergara-Jaque A, Llorente I, Rangel-Yescas G, Thébault SC, Hiriart M, Islas LD, Rosenbaum T. Unconventional interactions of the TRPV4 ion channel with beta-adrenergic receptor ligands. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/3/e202201704. [PMID: 36549871 PMCID: PMC9780703 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel is present in different tissues including those of the airways. This channel is activated in response to stimuli such as changes in temperature, hypoosmotic conditions, mechanical stress, and chemicals from plants, lipids, and others. TRPV4's overactivity and/or dysfunction has been associated with several diseases, such as skeletal dysplasias, neuromuscular disorders, and lung pathologies such as asthma and cardiogenic lung edema and COVID-19-related respiratory malfunction. TRPV4 antagonists and blockers have been described; nonetheless, the mechanisms involved in achieving inhibition of the channel remain scarce, and the search for safe use of these molecules in humans continues. Here, we show that the widely used bronchodilator salbutamol and other ligands of β-adrenergic receptors inhibit TRPV4's activation. We also demonstrate that inhibition of TRPV4 by salbutamol is achieved through interaction with two residues located in the outer region of the pore and that salbutamol leads to channel closing, consistent with an allosteric mechanism. Our study provides molecular insights into the mechanisms that regulate the activity of this physiopathologically important ion channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Benítez-Angeles
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, México
| | - Emmanuel Juárez-González
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, México
| | - Ariela Vergara-Jaque
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile
| | - Itzel Llorente
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, México
| | | | | | - Marcia Hiriart
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, México
| | - León D Islas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México, México
| | - Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, México
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Significance of Pulmonary Endothelial Injury and the Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Prostanoid Signaling. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010117. [PMID: 36671689 PMCID: PMC9855370 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium plays a key role in the dynamic balance of hemodynamic, humoral and inflammatory processes in the human body. Its central importance and the resulting therapeutic concepts are the subject of ongoing research efforts and form the basis for the treatment of numerous diseases. The pulmonary endothelium is an essential component for the gas exchange in humans. Pulmonary endothelial dysfunction has serious consequences for the oxygenation and the gas exchange in humans with the potential of consecutive multiple organ failure. Therefore, in this review, the dysfunction of the pulmonary endothel due to viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, ventilator-related injury, and aspiration is presented in a medical context. Selected aspects of the interaction of endothelial cells with primarily alveolar macrophages are reviewed in more detail. Elucidation of underlying causes and mechanisms of damage and repair may lead to new therapeutic approaches. Specific emphasis is placed on the processes leading to the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and downstream prostanoid-based signaling pathways associated with this enzyme.
Collapse
|
4
|
Min S, Tao W, Ding D, Zhang X, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Gao K, Liu S, Li L, Hou M, Li Y. Tetramethylpyrazine ameliorates acute lung injury by regulating the Rac1/LIMK1 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1005014. [PMID: 36686718 PMCID: PMC9859661 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1005014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a respiratory disorder characterized by severe inflammation of the alveoli and lung parenchyma. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), the main active compound in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort (LC), can protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Our study aimed to investigate how TMP protects the endothelial cell barrier in pulmonary capillaries. We administered TMP intraperitoneally at different doses and found that acute lung injury in mice was improved, but not in a dose-dependent manner. TMP toxicity was tested in vitro. We observed that LPS-induced cytoskeletal remodeling was inhibited by TMP. Murine ALI was induced as follows: For the 1st hit, LPS (2 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally; after 16 h, for the 2nd hit, LPS (4 mg/kg) was instilled intratracheally. The mice in treatment groups had TMP or dexamethasone administered intraperitoneally 30 min prior to the 1st hit and 30 min past the 2nd hit. Mice were euthanized 24 h after the last injecting. We measured protein and mRNA levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. The ultrastructural analysis was performed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the cytoskeleton was observed by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect protein expression in the Rac1/LIMK1/ZO-1/occludin signal pathway. The results showed that TMP treatment decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and alleviated LPS-induced damage in lung tissue. Also, TMP significantly inhibited the Rac1/LIMK1/ZO-1/occludin signaling pathway. Our findings show that using TMP during sepsis can protect the pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell barrier and suppress inflammation. Therefore, TMP may have a promising therapeutic role in preventing acute lung injury from sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Min
- School of medicine and health engineering, Changzhou university, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Weiting Tao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Dushan Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shidi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Kefei Gao
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Saisai Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of medicine and health engineering, Changzhou university, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China,Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Yan Li,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garcia-Flores AE, Gross CM, Zemskov EA, Lu Q, Tieu K, Wang T, Black SM. Loss of SOX18/CLAUDIN5 disrupts the pulmonary endothelial barrier in ventilator-induced lung injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1066515. [PMID: 36620216 PMCID: PMC9813411 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1066515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical strain contributes to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) through multi-factorial and complex mechanisms that remain unresolved. Prevailing evidence suggests that the loss of pulmonary endothelial tight junctions (TJs) plays a critical role. TJs are dynamically regulated by physiologic and hemodynamic forces to stabilize the endothelial barrier. The transcription factor sex-determining region Y-box (SOX)-18 is important in regulating blood vessel development and vascular permeability through its ability to regulate the transcription of Claudin-5, an endothelial TJ protein. Previously, we demonstrated that SOX18 expression is increased by shear stress in the pulmonary endothelium. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how mechanical strain mediated through cyclic stretch affects the SOX18/Claudin-5 regulatory axis. Our data demonstrate that SOX18 and Claudin-5 are downregulated in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) exposed to cyclic stretch and the mouse lung exposed to high tidal mechanical ventilation. Overexpression of SOX18 reduced the loss of Claudin-5 expression in HLMVEC with cyclic stretch and preserved endothelial barrier function. Additionally, overexpression of Claudin-5 in HLMVEC ameliorated barrier dysfunction in HLMVEC exposed to cyclic stretch, although SOX18 expression was not enhanced. Finally, we found that the targeted overexpression of SOX18 in the pulmonary vasculature preserved Claudin-5 expression in the lungs of mice exposed to HTV. This, in turn reduced lung vascular leak, attenuated inflammatory lung injury, and preserved lung function. Together, these data suggest that enhancing SOX18 expression may prove a useful therapy to treat patients with ventilator-induced lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine M. Gross
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States,Department of Medicine at Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Evgeny A. Zemskov
- Florida International University, Center for Translational Science, Miami, FL, United States,Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Qing Lu
- Florida International University, Center for Translational Science, Miami, FL, United States,Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kim Tieu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ting Wang
- Florida International University, Center for Translational Science, Miami, FL, United States,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Florida International University, Center for Translational Science, Miami, FL, United States,Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Stephen M. Black,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Colunga Biancatelli RML, Solopov PA, Gregory B, Khodour Y, Catravas JD. HSP90 Inhibitors Modulate SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Subunit 1-Induced Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Activation and Barrier Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:812199. [PMID: 35388292 PMCID: PMC8979060 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.812199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused more than 5 million deaths worldwide. Multiple reports indicate that the endothelium is involved during SARS-Cov-2-related disease (COVID-19). Indeed, COVID-19 patients display increased thrombophilia with arterial and venous embolism and lung microcapillary thrombotic disease as major determinants of deaths. The pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 is not completely understood. We have investigated the role of subunit 1 of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1SP) in eliciting endothelial barrier dysfunction, characterized dose and time relationships, and tested the hypothesis that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors would prevent and repair such injury. S1SP activated (phosphorylated) IKBα, STAT3, and AKT and reduced the expression of intercellular junctional proteins, occludin, and VE-cadherin. HSP90 inhibitors (AT13387 and AUY-922) prevented endothelial barrier dysfunction and hyperpermeability and reduced IKBα and AKT activation. These two inhibitors also blocked S1SP-mediated barrier dysfunction and loss of VE-cadherin. These data suggest that spike protein subunit 1 can elicit, by itself, direct injury to the endothelium and suggest a role of HSP90 inhibitors in preserving endothelial functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel A. Solopov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Betsy Gregory
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Yara Khodour
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - John D. Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
- School of Medical Diagnostic & Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor, AT13387, Protects the Alveolo-Capillary Barrier and Prevents HCl-Induced Chronic Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061046. [PMID: 35326496 PMCID: PMC8946990 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) exposure causes asthma-like conditions, reactive airways dysfunction syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis. Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that regulates multiple cellular processes. HSP90 inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for cancer and are also being studied in various pre-clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. Here we investigated the ability of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor AT13387 to prevent chronic lung injury induced by exposure to HCl in vivo and its protective role in the endothelial barrier in vitro. We instilled C57Bl/6J mice with 0.1N HCl (2 µL/g body weight, intratracheally) and after 24 h began treatment with vehicle or AT13387 (10 or 15 mg/kg, SC), administered 3×/week; we analyzed histological, functional, and molecular markers 30 days after HCl. In addition, we monitored transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) and protein expression in a monolayer of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) exposed to HCl (0.02 N) and treated with vehicle or AT13387 (2 µM). HCl provoked persistent alveolar inflammation; activation of profibrotic pathways (MAPK/ERK, HSP90); increased deposition of collagen, fibronectin and elastin; histological evidence of fibrosis; and a decline in lung function reflected in a downward shift in pressure–volume curves, increased respiratory system resistance (Rrs), elastance (Ers), tissue damping (G), and hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Treatment with 15 mg/kg AT13387reduced alveolar inflammation, fibrosis, and NLRP3 staining; blocked activation of ERK and HSP90; and attenuated the deposition of collagen and the development of chronic lung injury and airway hyperreactivity. In vitro, AT13387 prevented HCl-induced loss of barrier function and AKT, ERK, and ROCK1 activation, and restored HSP70 and cofilin expression. The HSP90 inhibitor, AT13387, represents a promising drug candidate for chronic lung injury that can be administered subcutaneously in the field, and at low, non-toxic doses.
Collapse
|
8
|
Causer AJ, Khalaf M, Klein Rot E, Brand K, Smith J, Bailey SJ, Cummings MH, Shepherd AI, Saynor ZL, Shute JK. CFTR limits F-actin formation and promotes morphological alignment with flow in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15128. [PMID: 34851051 PMCID: PMC8634629 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro- and macrovascular endothelial dysfunction in response to shear stress has been observed in cystic fibrosis (CF), and has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) regulates endothelial actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cellular alignment in response to flow. Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) were cultured with either the CFTR inhibitor GlyH-101 (20 µM) or CFTRinh-172 (20 µM), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (10 ng/ml) or a vehicle control (0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide) during 24 and 48 h of exposure to shear stress (11.1 dynes/cm2 ) or under static control conditions. Cellular morphology and filamentous actin (F-actin) were assessed using immunocytochemistry. [Nitrite] and endothelin-1 ([ET-1]) were determined in cell culture supernatant by ozone-based chemiluminescence and ELISA, respectively. Treatment of HLMVECs with both CFTR inhibitors prevented alignment of HLMVEC in the direction of flow after 24 and 48 h of shear stress, compared to vehicle control (both p < 0.05). Treatment with TNF-α significantly increased total F-actin after 24 h versus control (p < 0.05), an effect that was independent of shear stress. GlyH-101 significantly increased F-actin after 24 h of shear stress versus control (p < 0.05), with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in cortical F-actin under both static and flow conditions. Shear stress decreased [ET-1] after 24 h (p < 0.05) and increased [nitrite] after 48 h (p < 0.05), but neither [nitrite] nor [ET-1] was affected by GlyH-101 (p > 0.05). CFTR appears to limit cytosolic actin polymerization, while maintaining a cortical rim actin distribution that is important for maintaining barrier integrity and promoting alignment with flow, without effects on endothelial nitrite or ET-1 production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Causer
- Department for HealthUniversity of BathBathUK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Maha Khalaf
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Emily Klein Rot
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Life Science, Engineering & DesignSaxion UniversityEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Brand
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- School of Life Science, Engineering & DesignSaxion UniversityEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - James Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Stephen J. Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
| | - Michael H. Cummings
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyQueen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouthUK
| | - Anthony I. Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Zoe L. Saynor
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | - Janis K. Shute
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ji J, Ye W, Sun G. LncRNA OIP5-AS1 knockdown or miR-223 overexpression can alleviate LPS-induced ALI/ARDS by interfering with miR-223/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. J Gene Med 2021; 24:e3385. [PMID: 34346534 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening diseases and endothelial barrier injury is an important contributor to the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. LncRNA has been proved to participate in the progression of ALI/ARDS. Our study aimed to investigate the function of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in LPS-induced ALI/ARDS. METHODS OIP5-AS1 and miR-223 levels were detected by PCR in the serum of ALI/ARDS patients or healthy donors. MTT assay were performed to detect the proliferation of HPMECs. Flow cytometry were performed to detect the apoptosis of HPMECs. The protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, GSDMD-N, caspase-1 were measured by western blot to detect the pyroptosis of HPMECs. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-10 was detected by ELISA to measure the inflammatory response of HPMECs. And production of ROS, SOD and MDA was measured to determine the oxidative stress of HPMECs. Targets of OIP5-AS1 and miR-223 were predicted by StarBase and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS We found that OIP5-AS1 was upregulated, while miR-223 was downregulated in the serum of ALI/ARDS patients and LPS-treated HPMECs. Functionally, knockdown of OIP5-AS1 induced proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, pyroptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress of LPS-treated HPMECs. Interestingly, miR-223 was a target of OIP5-AS1 and miR-223 inhibition abolished the effects of si-OIP5-AS1 on LPS-induced HPMECs. More importantly, miR-223 directly targeted NLRP3, miR-223 overexpression also promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, pyroptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress of LPS-treated HPMECs and which was abolished by NLRP3 overexpression. Finally, we found that OIP5-AS1 knockdown and miR-223 overexpression could both alleviate LPS-induced ALI/ARDS in vivo. CONCLUSION Together, we find that LncRNA OIP5-AS1 aggravates LPS-induced ALI/ARDS via miR-223/NLRP3 axis and provides new targets for ALI/ARDS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Colunga Biancatelli RML, Solopov PA, Sharlow ER, Lazo JS, Marik PE, Catravas JD. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit S1 induces COVID-19-like acute lung injury in Κ18-hACE2 transgenic mice and barrier dysfunction in human endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L477-L484. [PMID: 34156871 PMCID: PMC8384477 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00223.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome is the major cause of COVID-19 lethality. Cell entry of SARS-CoV-2 occurs via the interaction between its surface spike protein (SP) and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). It is unknown if the viral spike protein alone is capable of altering lung vascular permeability in the lungs or producing lung injury in vivo. To that end, we intratracheally instilled the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1SP) in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice that overexpress human ACE2 and examined signs of COVID-19-associated lung injury 72 h later. Controls included K18-hACE2 mice that received saline or the intact SP and wild-type (WT) mice that received S1SP. K18-hACE2 mice instilled with S1SP exhibited a decline in body weight, dramatically increased white blood cells and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), upregulation of multiple inflammatory cytokines in BALF and serum, histological evidence of lung injury, and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways in the lung. K18-hACE2 mice that received either saline or SP exhibited little or no evidence of lung injury. WT mice that received S1SP exhibited a milder form of COVID-19 symptoms, compared with the K18-hACE2 mice. Furthermore, S1SP, but not SP, decreased cultured human pulmonary microvascular transendothelial resistance (TER) and barrier function. This is the first demonstration of a COVID-19-like response by an essential virus-encoded protein by SARS-CoV-2 in vivo. This model of COVID-19-induced ALI may assist in the investigation of new therapeutic approaches for the management of COVID-19 and other coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel A Solopov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Paul E Marik
- Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia.,School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Colunga Biancatelli RML, Solopov P, Gregory B, Catravas JD. The HSP90 Inhibitor, AUY-922, Protects and Repairs Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061489. [PMID: 34199261 PMCID: PMC8232030 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hydrochloric acid (HCl) leads acutely to asthma-like symptoms, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including compromised alveolo-capillary barrier, and respiratory failure. To better understand the direct effects of HCl on pulmonary endothelial function, we studied the characteristics of HCl-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction in primary cultures of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC), defined the involved molecular pathways, and tested the potentially beneficial effects of Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors. HCl impaired barrier function in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and was associated with activation of Protein Kinase B (AKT), Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) and myosin light chain 2 (MLC2), as well as loss of plasmalemmal VE-cadherin, rearrangement of cortical actin, and appearance of inter-endothelial gaps. Pre-treatment or post-treatment of HLMVEC with AUY-922, a third-generation HSP90 inhibitor, prevented and restored HCl-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction. AUY-922 increased the expression of HSP70 and inhibited the activation (phosphorylation) of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) and AKT. AUY-922 also prevented the HCl-induced activation of RhoA and MLC2 and the internalization of plasmalemmal VE-cadherin. We conclude that, by increasing the expression of cytoprotective proteins, interfering with actomyosin contractility, and enhancing the expression of junction proteins, inhibition of HSP90 may represent a useful approach for the management of HCl-induced endothelial dysfunction and acute lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben M. L. Colunga Biancatelli
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (P.S.); (B.G.); (J.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pavel Solopov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (P.S.); (B.G.); (J.D.C.)
| | - Betsy Gregory
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (P.S.); (B.G.); (J.D.C.)
| | - John D. Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; (P.S.); (B.G.); (J.D.C.)
- School of Medical Diagnostic & Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kovacs-Kasa A, Kovacs L, Cherian-Shaw M, Patel V, Meadows ML, Fulton DJ, Su Y, Verin AD. Inhibition of Class IIa HDACs improves endothelial barrier function in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:2893-2905. [PMID: 32959895 PMCID: PMC9946131 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory process arises from a wide range of lung insults. A major cause of ALI is dysfunction of the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier but the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. The therapeutic potential of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors for the treatment of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases is increasingly apparent, but the mechanisms by which HDACs regulate pulmonary vascular barrier function remain to be resolved. We found that specific Class IIa HDACs inhibitor, TMP269, significantly attenuated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) barrier compromise in vitro and improved vascular barrier integrity and lung function in murine model of ALI in vivo. TMP269 decreased LPS-induced myosin light chain phosphorylation suggesting the role for Class IIa HDACs in LPS-induced cytoskeleton reorganization. TMP269 did not affect microtubule structure and tubulin acetylation in contrast to the HDAC6-specific inhibitor, Tubastatin A suggesting that Class IIa HDACs and HDAC6 (Class IIb) regulate endothelial cytoskeleton and permeability via different mechanisms. Furthermore, LPS increased the expression of ArgBP2 which has recently been attributed to HDAC-mediated activation of Rho. Depletion of ArgBP2 abolished the ability of LPS to disrupt barrier function in HLMVEC and both TMP269 and Tubastatin A decreased the level of ArgBP2 expression after LPS stimulation suggesting that both Class IIa and IIb HDACs regulate endothelial permeability via ArgBP2-dependent mechanism. Collectively, our data strongly suggest that Class IIa HDACs are involved in LPS-induced ALI in vitro and in vivo via specific mechanism which involved contractile responses, but not microtubule reorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kovacs-Kasa
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Laszlo Kovacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vijay Patel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mary L. Meadows
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - David J. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yunchao Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexander D. Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
RAC1 nitration at Y 32 IS involved in the endothelial barrier disruption associated with lipopolysaccharide-mediated acute lung injury. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101794. [PMID: 33248422 PMCID: PMC7664366 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), a devastating illness induced by systemic inflammation e.g., sepsis or local lung inflammation e.g., COVID-19 mediated severe pneumonia, has an unacceptably high mortality and has no effective therapy. ALI is associated with increased pulmonary microvascular hyperpermeability and alveolar flooding. The small Rho GTPases, RhoA and Rac1 are central regulators of vascular permeability through cytoskeleton rearrangements. RhoA and Rac1 have opposing functional outcome: RhoA induces an endothelial contractile phenotype and barrier disruption, while Rac1 stabilizes endothelial junctions and increases barrier integrity. In ALI, RhoA activity is increased while Rac1 activity is reduced. We have shown that the activation of RhoA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated ALI, is dependent, at least in part, on a single nitration event at tyrosine (Y)34. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if the inhibition of Rac1 is also dependent on its nitration. Our data show that Rac1 inhibition by LPS is associated with its nitration that mass spectrometry identified as Y32, within the switch I region adjacent to the nucleotide-binding site. Using a molecular modeling approach, we designed a nitration shielding peptide for Rac1, designated NipR2 (nitration inhibitor peptide for the Rho GTPases 2), which attenuated the LPS-induced nitration of Rac1 at Y32, preserves Rac1 activity and attenuates the LPS-mediated disruption of the endothelial barrier in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC). Using a murine model of ALI induced by intratracheal installation of LPS we found that NipR2 successfully prevented Rac1 nitration and Rac1 inhibition, and more importantly attenuated pulmonary inflammation, reduced lung injury and prevented the loss of lung function. Together, our data identify a new post-translational mechanism of Rac1 inhibition through its nitration at Y32. As NipR2 also reduces sepsis induced ALI in the mouse lung, we conclude that Rac1 nitration is a therapeutic target in ALI. Endotoxin exposure induces site specific nitration of Rac1 at Y32 via peroxynitrite stress. Rac1 nitration at Y32 leads to persistent Rac GTPase inhibition and endothelial barrier disruption. Novel Rac1 nitration shielding peptide, NipR2 blocks Rac1 nitration and rescues endotoxin induced lung inflammation. NipR2 is potentially an effective therapy for sepsis induced lung injury by targeting Rac1 Y32 nitration.
Collapse
|
14
|
Barabutis N, Marinova M, Solopov P, Uddin MA, Croston GE, Reinheimer TM, Catravas JD. Protective Mechanism of the Selective Vasopressin V 1A Receptor Agonist Selepressin against Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 375:286-295. [PMID: 32943478 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are among the most common causes of death in the intensive care unit; advanced therapeutic approaches are thus urgently needed. Vascular hyperpermeability represents a major manifestation of severe sepsis and is responsible for the ensuing organ dysfunction and failure. Vasopressin V1A receptor (V1AR) agonists have shown promise in the treatment of sepsis, increasing blood pressure, and reducing vascular hyperpermeability. The effects of the selective V1AR-selective agonist selepressin have been investigated in an in vitro model of thrombin-, vascular endothelial growth factor-, angiopoietin 2-, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary microvascular endothelial hyperpermeability. Results suggest that selepressin counteracts the effects of all four endothelial barrier disruptors in a concentration-dependent manner, as reflected in real-time measurements of vascular permeability by means of transendothelial electrical resistance. Further, selepressin protected the barrier integrity against the LPS-mediated corruption of the endothelial monolayer integrity, as captured by VE-cadherin and actin staining. The protective effects of selepressin were abolished by silencing of the vasopressin V1AR, as well as by atosiban, an antagonist of the human V1AR. p53 appears to be involved in mediating these palliative effects, since selepressin strongly induced its expression levels, suppressed the inflammatory RhoA/myosin light chain2 pathway, and triggered the barrier-protective effects of the GTPase Rac1. We conclude that V1AR-selective agonists, such as selepressin, may prove useful in the improvement of endothelial barrier function in the management of severe sepsis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A cardinal sign of sepsis, a serious disease with significant mortality and no specific treatment, is pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction that leads to pulmonary edema. Here, we present evidence that in cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells, the synthetic, selective vasopressin V1A receptor agonist selepressin protects against endothelial barrier dysfunction caused by four different edemogenic agents, suggesting a potential role of selepressin in the clinical management of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - Margarita Marinova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - Pavel Solopov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - Mohammad A Uddin
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - Glenn E Croston
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - Torsten M Reinheimer
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics (N.B., M.M., P.S., J.D.C.) and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences (J.D.C.), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (N.B., M.A.U.); Croston Consulting, San Diego, California (G.E.C.); and Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (T.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rosenbaum T, Benítez-Angeles M, Sánchez-Hernández R, Morales-Lázaro SL, Hiriart M, Morales-Buenrostro LE, Torres-Quiroz F. TRPV4: A Physio and Pathophysiologically Significant Ion Channel. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113837. [PMID: 32481620 PMCID: PMC7312103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are a family of ion channels whose members are distributed among all kinds of animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. The importance of these molecules is exemplified by the variety of physiological roles they play. Perhaps, the most extensively studied member of this family is the TRPV1 ion channel; nonetheless, the activity of TRPV4 has been associated to several physio and pathophysiological processes, and its dysfunction can lead to severe consequences. Several lines of evidence derived from animal models and even clinical trials in humans highlight TRPV4 as a therapeutic target and as a protein that will receive even more attention in the near future, as will be reviewed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rosenbaum
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-555-622-56-24; Fax: +52-555-622-56-07
| | - Miguel Benítez-Angeles
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Hernández
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Sara Luz Morales-Lázaro
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Departamento de Neurociencia Cognitiva, División Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.B.-A.); (R.S.-H.); (S.L.M.-L.); (M.H.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Morales-Buenrostro
- Departamento de Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Torres-Quiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, División Investigación Básica, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gross CM, Kellner M, Wang T, Lu Q, Sun X, Zemskov EA, Noonepalle S, Kangath A, Kumar S, Gonzalez-Garay M, Desai AA, Aggarwal S, Gorshkov B, Klinger C, Verin AD, Catravas JD, Jacobson JR, Yuan JXJ, Rafikov R, Garcia JGN, Black SM. LPS-induced Acute Lung Injury Involves NF-κB-mediated Downregulation of SOX18. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 58:614-624. [PMID: 29115856 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0390oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the early events in the progression of LPS-mediated acute lung injury in mice is the disruption of the pulmonary endothelial barrier resulting in lung edema. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the endothelial barrier becomes compromised remain unresolved. The SRY (sex-determining region on the Y chromosome)-related high-mobility group box (Sox) group F family member, SOX18, is a barrier-protective protein through its ability to increase the expression of the tight junction protein CLDN5. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine if downregulation of the SOX18-CLDN5 axis plays a role in the pulmonary endothelial barrier disruption associated with LPS exposure. Our data indicate that both SOX18 and CLDN5 expression is decreased in two models of in vivo LPS exposure (intraperitoneal, intratracheal). A similar downregulation was observed in cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) exposed to LPS. SOX18 overexpression in HLMVECs or in the mouse lung attenuated the LPS-mediated vascular barrier disruption. Conversely, reduced CLDN5 expression (siRNA) reduced the HLMVEC barrier-protective effects of SOX18 overexpression. The mechanism by which LPS decreases SOX18 expression was identified as transcriptional repression through binding of NF-κB (p65) to a SOX18 promoter sequence located between -1,082 and -1,073 bp with peroxynitrite contributing to LPS-mediated NF-κB activation. We conclude that NF-κB-dependent decreases in the SOX18-CLDN5 axis are essentially involved in the disruption of human endothelial cell barrier integrity associated with LPS-mediated acute lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Kellner
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ting Wang
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qing Lu
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xutong Sun
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Evgeny A Zemskov
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Satish Noonepalle
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Archana Kangath
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- 1 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Manuel Gonzalez-Garay
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Boris Gorshkov
- 1 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Christina Klinger
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - John D Catravas
- 4 Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- 5 Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- 2 Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
McQueeney KE, Salamoun JM, Burnett JC, Barabutis N, Pekic P, Lewandowski SL, Llaneza DC, Cornelison R, Bai Y, Zhang ZY, Catravas JD, Landen CN, Wipf P, Lazo JS, Sharlow ER. Targeting ovarian cancer and endothelium with an allosteric PTP4A3 phosphatase inhibitor. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8223-8240. [PMID: 29492190 PMCID: PMC5823565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP4A oncoproteins is common in many human cancers and is associated with poor patient prognosis and survival. We observed elevated levels of PTP4A3 phosphatase in 79% of human ovarian tumor samples, with significant overexpression in tumor endothelium and pericytes. Furthermore, PTP4A phosphatases appear to regulate several key malignant processes, such as invasion, migration, and angiogenesis, suggesting a pivotal regulatory role in cancer and endothelial signaling pathways. While phosphatases are attractive therapeutic targets, they have been poorly investigated because of a lack of potent and selective chemical probes. In this study, we disclose that a potent, selective, reversible, and noncompetitive PTP4A inhibitor, JMS-053, markedly enhanced microvascular barrier function after exposure of endothelial cells to vascular endothelial growth factor or lipopolysaccharide. JMS-053 also blocked the concomitant increase in RhoA activation and loss of Rac1. In human ovarian cancer cells, JMS-053 impeded migration, disrupted spheroid growth, and decreased RhoA activity. Importantly, JMS-053 displayed anticancer activity in a murine xenograft model of drug resistant human ovarian cancer. These data demonstrate that PTP4A phosphatases can be targeted in both endothelial and ovarian cancer cells, and confirm that RhoA signaling cascades are regulated by the PTP4A family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelley E. McQueeney
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - James C. Burnett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Paula Pekic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Danielle C. Llaneza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert Cornelison
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - John D. Catravas
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Charles N. Landen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John S. Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Barabutis N, Dimitropoulou C, Gregory B, Catravas JD. Wild-type p53 enhances endothelial barrier function by mediating RAC1 signalling and RhoA inhibition. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1792-1804. [PMID: 29363851 PMCID: PMC5824363 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the major cause of endothelial barrier hyper‐permeability, associated with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This study reports that p53 “orchestrates” the defence of vascular endothelium against LPS, by mediating the opposing actions of Rac1 and RhoA in pulmonary tissues. Human lung microvascular endothelial cells treated with HSP90 inhibitors activated both Rac1‐ and P21‐activated kinase, which is an essential element of vascular barrier function. 17AAG increased the phosphorylation of both LIMK and cofilin, in contrast to LPS which counteracted those effects. Mouse lung microvascular endothelial cells exposed to LPS exhibited decreased expression of phospho‐cofilin. 17AAG treatment resulted in reduced levels of active cofilin. Silencing of cofilin pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase (PDXP) blocked the LPS‐induced hyper‐permeability, and P53 inhibition reversed the 17AAG‐induced PDXP down‐regulation. P190RHOGAP suppression enhanced the LPS‐triggered barrier dysfunction in endothelial monolayers. 17AAG treatment resulted in P190RHOGAP induction and blocked the LPS‐induced pMLC2 up‐regulation in wild‐type mice. Pulmonary endothelial cells from “super p53” mice, which carry additional p53‐tg alleles, exhibited a lower response to LPS than the controls. Collectively, our findings help elucidate the mechanisms by which p53 operates to enhance barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | | | - Betsy Gregory
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.,School of Medical Diagnostic & Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gray SM, Aylor KW, Barrett EJ. Unravelling the regulation of insulin transport across the brain endothelial cell. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1512-1521. [PMID: 28601906 PMCID: PMC5534844 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS For circulating insulin to act on the brain it must cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Remarkably little is known about how circulating insulin crosses the BBB's highly restrictive brain endothelial cells (BECs). Therefore, we examined potential mechanisms regulating BEC insulin uptake, signalling and degradation during BEC transcytosis, and how transport is affected by a high-fat diet (HFD) and by astrocyte activity. METHODS 125I-TyrA14-insulin uptake and transcytosis, and the effects of insulin receptor (IR) blockade, inhibition of insulin signalling, astrocyte stimulation and an HFD were tested using purified isolated BECs (iBECs) in monoculture and co-cultured with astrocytes. RESULTS At physiological insulin concentrations, the IR, not the IGF-1 receptor, facilitated BEC insulin uptake, which required lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, but did not require insulin action on phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK). Feeding rats an HFD for 4 weeks decreased iBEC insulin uptake and increased NF-κB binding activity without affecting insulin PI3K signalling, IR expression or content, or insulin degrading enzyme expression. Using an in vitro BBB (co-culture of iBECs and astrocytes), we found insulin was not degraded during transcytosis, and that stimulating astrocytes with L-glutamate increased transcytosis, while inhibiting nitric oxide synthase decreased insulin transcytosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Insulin crosses the BBB intact via an IR-specific, vesicle-mediated transport process in the BECs. HFD feeding, nitric oxide inhibition and astrocyte stimulation can regulate BEC insulin uptake and transcytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kevin W Aylor
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, 450 Ray C. Hunt Drive, P.O. Box 801410, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Eugene J Barrett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, 450 Ray C. Hunt Drive, P.O. Box 801410, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Barabutis N, Khangoora V, Marik PE, Catravas JD. Hydrocortisone and Ascorbic Acid Synergistically Prevent and Repair Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pulmonary Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction. Chest 2017; 152:954-962. [PMID: 28739448 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis refers to the dysregulated host immune response elicited by microbial infections resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction. Sepsis represents a medical challenge, since it is associated with a rate of death as high as 60%. Septic shock is strongly associated with vascular dysfunction and elevated pulmonary capillary permeability. We recently reported that the combination of hydrocortisone (HC), ascorbic acid (vitC), and thiamine dramatically improves outcomes and reduces mortality in patients with sepsis. In the present study, we provide experimental evidence in support of the hypothesis that the combination of HC and vitC enhances endothelial barrier function. METHODS Human lung microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the absence or presence of HC and vitC. RESULTS LPS alone induced profound hyperpermeability, as reflected in decreased values of transendothelial electrical resistance. vitC alone did not exhibit barrier enhancement properties nor did it affect the LPS-induced hyperpermeability. Similarly, HC alone exhibited only a minor barrier-enhancing and protective effect. Conversely, the combination of HC and vitC, either as before or after treatment, dramatically reversed the LPS-induced barrier dysfunction. The barrier-protective effects of HC and vitC were associated with reversal of LPS-induced p53 and phosphorylated cofilin downregulation and LPS-induced RhoA activation and myosin light chain phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a novel mechanism of endothelial barrier protection and suggest one possible pathway that may contribute to the therapeutic effects of HC and vitC in patients with sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
| | - Vikramjit Khangoora
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA
| | - Paul E Marik
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA
| | - John D Catravas
- School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA; Departments of Medicine and Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nicolson GP, McGrath ALH, Webster RA, Li J, Kaye S, Malik R, Beijerink NJ. NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin I concentrations in dogs with tick paralysis caused byIxodes holocyclus. Aust Vet J 2016; 94:274-9. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GP Nicolson
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Sydney; Evelyn Williams Building B10, The University of Sydney; New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - ALH McGrath
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Sydney; Evelyn Williams Building B10, The University of Sydney; New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - RA Webster
- Animal Emergency Service; Carrara QLD Australia
| | - J Li
- Northside Emergency Veterinary Service; NSW; Australia
| | - S Kaye
- Northside Emergency Veterinary Service; NSW; Australia
| | - R Malik
- Centre of Veterinary Education B22; University of Sydney; NSW Australia
| | - NJ Beijerink
- University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Sydney; Evelyn Williams Building B10, The University of Sydney; New South Wales 2006 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Thangjam GS, Birmpas C, Barabutis N, Gregory BW, Clemens MA, Newton JR, Fulton D, Catravas JD. Hsp90 inhibition suppresses NF-κB transcriptional activation via Sirt-2 in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L964-74. [PMID: 27036868 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00054.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of anti-heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) drugs to attenuate NF-κB-mediated transcription is the major basis for their anti-inflammatory properties. While the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not clear, they appear to be distinct in human endothelial cells. We now show for the first time that type 2 sirtuin (Sirt-2) histone deacetylase binds human NF-κB target gene promoter and prevents the recruitment of NF-κB proteins and subsequent assembly of RNA polymerase II complex in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Hsp90 inhibitors stabilize the Sirt-2/promoter interaction and impose a "transcriptional block," which is reversed by either inhibition or downregulation of Sirt-2 protein expression. Furthermore, this process is independent of NF-κB (p65) Lysine 310 deacetylation, suggesting that it is distinct from known Sirt-2-dependent mechanisms. We demonstrate that Sirt-2 is recruited to NF-κB target gene promoter via interaction with core histones. Upon inflammatory challenge, chromatin remodeling and core histone H3 displacement from the promoter region removes Sirt-2 and allows NF-κB/coactivator recruitment essential for RNA Pol II-dependent mRNA induction. This novel mechanism may have important implications in pulmonary inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gagan S Thangjam
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Charalampos Birmpas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Betsy W Gregory
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Mary Ann Clemens
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Joseph R Newton
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - David Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Joshi AD, Barabutis N, Birmpas C, Dimitropoulou C, Thangjam G, Cherian-Shaw M, Dennison J, Catravas JD. Histone deacetylase inhibitors prevent pulmonary endothelial hyperpermeability and acute lung injury by regulating heat shock protein 90 function. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1410-9. [PMID: 26498249 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00180.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transendothelial hyperpermeability caused by numerous agonists is dependent on heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and leads to endothelial barrier dysfunction (EBD). Inhibition of Hsp90 protects and restores transendothelial permeability. Hyperacetylation of Hsp90, as by inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC), suppresses its chaperone function and mimics the effects of Hsp90 inhibitors. In this study we assessed the role of HDAC in mediating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced transendothelial hyperpermeability and acute lung injury (ALI). We demonstrate that HDAC inhibition protects against LPS-mediated EBD. Inhibition of multiple HDAC by the general inhibitors panobinostat or trichostatin provided protection against LPS-induced transendothelial hyperpermeability, acetylated and suppressed Hsp90 chaperone function, and attenuated RhoA activity and signaling crucial to endothelial barrier function. Treatment with the HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP-966 or the HDAC6-selective inhibitor tubastatin A provided partial protection against LPS-mediated transendothelial hyperpermeability. Similarly, knock down of HDAC3 and HDAC6 by specific small-interfering RNAs provided significant protection against LPS-induced EBD. Furthermore, combined pharmacological inhibition of both HDAC3 and -6 attenuated the inflammation, capillary permeability, and structural abnormalities associated with LPS-induced ALI in mice. Together these data indicate that HDAC mediate increased transendothelial hyperpermeability caused by LPS and that inhibition of HDAC protects against LPS-mediated EBD and ALI by suppressing Hsp90-dependent RhoA activity and signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul D Joshi
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - Charalampos Birmpas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | | | - Gagan Thangjam
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - John Dennison
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Isolation and Characterization of Human Lung Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:747864. [PMID: 26137493 PMCID: PMC4475539 DOI: 10.1155/2015/747864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of lymphatic endothelial cells from the respiratory system may be crucial to investigate the role of the lymphatic system in the normal and diseased lung. We describe a simple and inexpensive method to harvest, isolate, and expand lymphatic endothelial cells from the human lung (HL-LECs). Fifty-five samples of healthy lung selected from patients undergoing lobectomy were studied. A two-step purification tool, based on paramagnetic sorting with monoclonal antibodies to CD31 and Podoplanin, was employed to select a pure population of HL-LECs. The purity of HL-LECs was assessed by morphologic criteria, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and functional assays. Interestingly, these cells retain in vitro several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) implicated in cell survival and proliferation. HL-LECs represent a clinically relevant cellular substrate to study lymphatic biology, lymphoangiogenesis, interaction with microbial agents, wound healing, and anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Barabutis N, Dimitropoulou C, Birmpas C, Joshi A, Thangjam G, Catravas JD. p53 protects against LPS-induced lung endothelial barrier dysfunction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L776-87. [PMID: 25713322 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00334.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapies toward heart and blood vessel disorders may emerge from the development of Hsp90 inhibitors. Several independent studies suggest potent anti-inflammatory activities of those agents in human tissues. The molecular mechanisms responsible for their protective effects in the vasculature remain unclear. The present study demonstrates that the transcription factor p53, an Hsp90 client protein, is crucial for the maintenance of vascular integrity, protects again LPS-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction, and is involved in the mediation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Hsp90 inhibitors in lung tissues. p53 silencing by siRNA decreased transendothelial resistance (a measure of endothelial barrier function). A similar effect was induced by the p53 inhibitor pifithrin, which also potentiated the LPS-induced hyperpermeability in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC). On the other hand, p53 induction by nutlin suppressed the LPS-induced vascular barrier dysfunction. LPS decreased p53 expression in lung tissues and that effect was blocked by pretreatment with Hsp90 inhibitors both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-allyl-amino-demethoxy-geldanamycin suppressed the LPS-induced overexpression of the p53 negative regulator MDMX as well as p53 and MDM2 (another p53 negative regulator) phosphorylation in HLMVEC. Both negative p53 regulators were downregulated by LPS in vivo. Chemically induced p53 overexpression resulted in the suppression of LPS-induced RhoA activation and MLC2 phosphorylation, whereas p53 suppression caused the opposite effects. These observations reveal new mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory actions of Hsp90 inhibitors, i.e., the induction of the transcription factor p53, which in turn can orchestrate robust vascular anti-inflammatory responses both in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Atul Joshi
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - Gagan Thangjam
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Norfolk, Virginia; and
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Norfolk, Virginia; and School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gross CM, Aggarwal S, Kumar S, Tian J, Kasa A, Bogatcheva N, Datar SA, Verin AD, Fineman JR, Black SM. Sox18 preserves the pulmonary endothelial barrier under conditions of increased shear stress. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1802-16. [PMID: 24677020 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Shear stress secondary to increased pulmonary blood flow (PBF) is elevated in some children born with congenital cardiac abnormalities. However, the majority of these patients do not develop pulmonary edema, despite high levels of permeability inducing factors. Previous studies have suggested that laminar fluid shear stress can enhance pulmonary vascular barrier integrity. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which this occurs. Using microarray analysis, we have previously shown that Sox18, a transcription factor involved in blood vessel development and endothelial barrier integrity, is up-regulated in an ovine model of congenital heart disease with increased PBF (shunt). By subjecting ovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAEC) to laminar flow (20 dyn/cm(2) ), we identified an increase in trans-endothelial resistance (TER) across the PAEC monolayer that correlated with an increase in Sox18 expression. Further, the TER was also enhanced when Sox18 was over-expressed and attenuated when Sox18 expression was reduced, suggesting that Sox18 maintains the endothelial barrier integrity in response to shear stress. Further, we found that shear stress up-regulates the cellular tight junction protein, Claudin-5, in a Sox18 dependent manner, and Claudin-5 depletion abolished the Sox18 mediated increase in TER in response to shear stress. Finally, utilizing peripheral lung tissue of 4 week old shunt lambs with increased PBF, we found that both Sox18 and Claudin-5 mRNA and protein levels were elevated. In conclusion, these novel findings suggest that increased laminar flow protects endothelial barrier function via Sox18 dependent up-regulation of Claudin-5 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Gross
- Pulmonary Disease Program Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Thangjam GS, Dimitropoulou C, Joshi AD, Barabutis N, Shaw MC, Kovalenkov Y, Wallace CM, Fulton DJ, Patel V, Catravas JD. Novel mechanism of attenuation of LPS-induced NF-κB activation by the heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, in human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:942-52. [PMID: 24303801 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0214oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (hsp) 90 inhibition attenuates NF-κB activation and blocks inflammation. However, the precise mechanism of NF-κB regulation by hsp90 in the endothelium is not clear. We investigated the mechanisms of hsp90 inhibition by 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) on NF-κB activation by LPS in primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Transcriptional activation of NF-κB was measured by luciferase reporter assay, gene expression by real-time RT-PCR, DNA binding of transcription factors by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, protein-protein interaction by coimmunoprecipitation/immunoblotting, histone deacetylase (HDAC)/histone acetyltransferase enzyme activity by fluorometry, and nucleosome eviction by partial microccocal DNase digestion. In human lung microvascular endothelial cells, 17-AAG-induced degradation of IKBα was accomplished regardless of the phosphorylation/ubiquitination state of the protein. Hence, 17-AAG did not block LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity. Instead, 17-AAG blocked the recruitment of the coactivator, cAMP response element binding protein binding protein, and prevented the assembly of a transcriptionally competent RNA polymerase II complex at the κB elements of the IKBα (an NF-κB-responsive gene) promoter. The effect of LPS on IKBα mRNA expression was associated with rapid deacetylation of histone-H3(Lys9) and a dramatic down-regulation of core histone H3 binding. Even though treatment with an HDAC inhibitor produced the same effect as hsp90 inhibition, the effect of 17-AAG was independent of HDAC. We conclude that hsp90 inhibition attenuates NF-κB transcriptional activation by preventing coactivator recruitment and nucleosome eviction from the target promoter in human lung endothelial cells.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen F, Kumar S, Yu Y, Aggarwal S, Gross C, Wang Y, Chakraborty T, Verin AD, Catravas JD, Lucas R, Black SM, Fulton DJR. PKC-dependent phosphorylation of eNOS at T495 regulates eNOS coupling and endothelial barrier function in response to G+ -toxins. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99823. [PMID: 25020117 PMCID: PMC4096401 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram positive (G+) infections make up ∼50% of all acute lung injury cases which are characterized by extensive permeability edema secondary to disruption of endothelial cell (EC) barrier integrity. A primary cause of increased permeability are cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) of G+-bacteria, such as pneumolysin (PLY) and listeriolysin-O (LLO) which create plasma membrane pores, promoting Ca2+-influx and activation of PKCα. In human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC), pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, ETU reduced the ability of LLO to increase microvascular cell permeability suggesting an endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent mechanism. LLO stimulated superoxide production from HLMVEC and this was prevented by silencing PKCα or NOS inhibition suggesting a link between these pathways. Both LLO and PLY stimulated eNOS T495 phosphorylation in a PKC-dependent manner. Expression of a phosphomimetic T495D eNOS (human isoform) resulted in increased superoxide and diminished nitric oxide (NO) production. Transduction of HLMVEC with an active form of PKCα resulted in the robust phosphorylation of T495 and increased peroxynitrite production, indicative of eNOS uncoupling. To determine the mechanisms underlying eNOS uncoupling, HLMVEC were stimulated with LLO and the amount of hsp90 and caveolin-1 bound to eNOS determined. LLO stimulated the dissociation of hsp90, and in particular, caveolin-1 from eNOS. Both hsp90 and caveolin-1 have been shown to influence eNOS uncoupling and a peptide mimicking the scaffolding domain of caveolin-1 blocked the ability of PKCα to stimulate eNOS-derived superoxide. Collectively, these results suggest that the G+ pore-forming toxins promote increased EC permeability via activation of PKCα, phosphorylation of eNOS-T495, loss of hsp90 and caveolin-1 binding which collectively promote eNOS uncoupling and the production of barrier disruptive superoxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yanfang Yu
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Christine Gross
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yusi Wang
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander D. Verin
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John D. Catravas
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David J. R. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Balakrishna S, Song W, Achanta S, Doran SF, Liu B, Kaelberer MM, Yu Z, Sui A, Cheung M, Leishman E, Eidam HS, Ye G, Willette RN, Thorneloe KS, Bradshaw HB, Matalon S, Jordt SE. TRPV4 inhibition counteracts edema and inflammation and improves pulmonary function and oxygen saturation in chemically induced acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L158-72. [PMID: 24838754 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00065.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of acute lung injury caused by exposure to reactive chemicals remains challenging because of the lack of mechanism-based therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have shown that transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), an ion channel expressed in pulmonary tissues, is a crucial mediator of pressure-induced damage associated with ventilator-induced lung injury, heart failure, and infarction. Here, we examined the effects of two novel TRPV4 inhibitors in mice exposed to hydrochloric acid, mimicking acid exposure and acid aspiration injury, and to chlorine gas, a severe chemical threat with frequent exposures in domestic and occupational environments and in transportation accidents. Postexposure treatment with a TRPV4 inhibitor suppressed acid-induced pulmonary inflammation by diminishing neutrophils, macrophages, and associated chemokines and cytokines, while improving tissue pathology. These effects were recapitulated in TRPV4-deficient mice. TRPV4 inhibitors had similar anti-inflammatory effects in chlorine-exposed mice and inhibited vascular leakage, airway hyperreactivity, and increase in elastance, while improving blood oxygen saturation. In both models of lung injury we detected increased concentrations of N-acylamides, a class of endogenous TRP channel agonists. Taken together, we demonstrate that TRPV4 inhibitors are potent and efficacious countermeasures against severe chemical exposures, acting against exaggerated inflammatory responses, and protecting tissue barriers and cardiovascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shrilatha Balakrishna
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Weifeng Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Satyanarayana Achanta
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Stephen F Doran
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Boyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Melanie M Kaelberer
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zhihong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Aiwei Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mui Cheung
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit-Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emma Leishman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; and
| | - Hilary S Eidam
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit-Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Guosen Ye
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit-Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert N Willette
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit-Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin S Thorneloe
- Heart Failure Discovery Performance Unit-Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Therapy Unit, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
| | - Heather B Bradshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; and
| | - Sadis Matalon
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sven-Eric Jordt
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Joshi AD, Dimitropoulou C, Thangjam G, Snead C, Feldman S, Barabutis N, Fulton D, Hou Y, Kumar S, Patel V, Gorshkov B, Verin AD, Black SM, Catravas JD. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors prevent LPS-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction by disrupting RhoA signaling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:170-9. [PMID: 23972231 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0496oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Permeability of the endothelial monolayer is increased when exposed to the bacterial endotoxin LPS. Our previous studies have shown that heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 inhibitors protect and restore LPS-mediated hyperpermeability in bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. In this study, we assessed the effect of Hsp90 inhibition against LPS-mediated hyperpermeability in cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) and delineated the underlying molecular mechanisms. We demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition is critical in the early phase, to prevent LPS-mediated hyperpermeability, and also in the later phase, to restore LPS-mediated hyperpermeability in HLMVECs. Because RhoA is a well known mediator of endothelial hyperpermeability, we investigated the effect of Hsp90 inhibition on LPS-mediated RhoA signaling. RhoA nitration and activity were increased by LPS in HLMVECs and suppressed when pretreated with the Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-allylamino-17 demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG). In addition, inhibition of Rho kinase, a downstream effector of RhoA, protected HLMVECs from LPS-mediated hyperpermeability and abolished LPS-induced myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, a target of Rho kinase. In agreement with these findings, 17-AAG or dominant-negative RhoA attenuated LPS-induced MLC phosphorylation. MLC phosphorylation induced by constitutively active RhoA was also suppressed by 17-AAG, suggesting a role for Hsp90 downstream of RhoA. Inhibition of Src family kinases also suppressed RhoA activity and MLC phosphorylation. Together, these data indicate that Hsp90 inhibition prevents and repairs LPS-induced lung endothelial barrier dysfunction by suppressing Src-mediated RhoA activity and signaling.
Collapse
|
31
|
Aggarwal S, Gross CM, Kumar S, Dimitropoulou C, Sharma S, Gorshkov BA, Sridhar S, Lu Q, Bogatcheva NV, Jezierska-Drutel AJ, Lucas R, Verin AD, Catravas JD, Black SM. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase II overexpression attenuates LPS-mediated lung leak in acute lung injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:614-25. [PMID: 24134589 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0193oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency associated with lung leak, diffuse alveolar damage, inflammation, and loss of lung function. Decreased dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity and increases in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), together with exaggerated oxidative/nitrative stress, contributes to the development of ALI in mice exposed to LPS. Whether restoring DDAH function and suppressing ADMA levels can effectively ameliorate vascular hyperpermeability and lung injury in ALI is unknown, and was the focus of this study. In human lung microvascular endothelial cells, DDAH II overexpression prevented the LPS-dependent increase in ADMA, superoxide, peroxynitrite, and protein nitration. DDAH II also attenuated the endothelial barrier disruption associated with LPS exposure. Similarly, in vivo, we demonstrated that the targeted overexpression of DDAH II in the pulmonary vasculature significantly inhibited the accumulation of ADMA and the subsequent increase in oxidative/nitrative stress in the lungs of mice exposed to LPS. In addition, augmenting pulmonary DDAH II activity before LPS exposure reduced lung vascular leak and lung injury and restored lung function when DDAH activity was increased after injury. Together, these data suggest that enhancing DDAH II activity may prove a useful adjuvant therapy to treat patients with ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Aggarwal
- Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rafikov R, Dimitropoulou C, Aggarwal S, Kangath A, Gross C, Pardo D, Sharma S, Jezierska-Drutel A, Patel V, Snead C, Lucas R, Verin A, Fulton D, Catravas JD, Black SM. Lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury involves the nitration-mediated activation of RhoA. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:4710-22. [PMID: 24398689 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.547596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by increased endothelial hyperpermeability. Protein nitration is involved in the endothelial barrier dysfunction in LPS-exposed mice. However, the nitrated proteins involved in this process have not been identified. The activation of the small GTPase RhoA is a critical event in the barrier disruption associated with LPS. Thus, in this study we evaluated the possible role of RhoA nitration in this process. Mass spectroscopy identified a single nitration site, located at Tyr(34) in RhoA. Tyr(34) is located within the switch I region adjacent to the nucleotide-binding site. Utilizing this structure, we developed a peptide designated NipR1 (nitration inhibitory peptide for RhoA 1) to shield Tyr(34) against nitration. TAT-fused NipR1 attenuated RhoA nitration and barrier disruption in LPS-challenged human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Further, treatment of mice with NipR1 attenuated vessel leakage and inflammatory cell infiltration and preserved lung function in a mouse model of ALI. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the mechanism by which Tyr(34) nitration stimulates RhoA activity was through a decrease in GDP binding to the protein caused by a conformational change within a region of Switch I, mimicking the conformational shift observed when RhoA is bound to a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Stopped flow kinetic analysis was used to confirm this prediction. Thus, we have identified a new mechanism of nitration-mediated RhoA activation involved in LPS-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction and show the potential utility of "shielding" peptides to prevent RhoA nitration in the management of ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rafikov
- From the Program in Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Vascular Biology Center and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Barabutis N, Handa V, Dimitropoulou C, Rafikov R, Snead C, Kumar S, Joshi A, Thangjam G, Fulton D, Black SM, Patel V, Catravas JD. LPS induces pp60c-src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of Hsp90 in lung vascular endothelial cells and mouse lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 304:L883-93. [PMID: 23585225 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00419.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors were initially developed as anticancer agents; however, it is becoming increasing clear that they also possess potent anti-inflammatory properties. Posttranslational modifications of Hsp90 have been reported in tumors and have been hypothesized to affect client protein- and inhibitor-binding activities. In the present study we investigated the posttranslational modification of Hsp90 in inflammation. LPS, a prototypical inflammatory agent, induced concentration- and time-dependent tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation of Hsp90α and Hsp90β in bovine pulmonary arterial and human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC). Mass spectrometry identified Y309 as a major site of Y phosphorylation on Hsp90α (Y300 of Hsp90β). LPS-induced Hsp90 phosphorylation was prevented by the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-allyl-amino-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG) in vitro as well as in lungs from LPS-treated mice, in vivo. Furthermore, 17-AAG prevented LPS-induced pp60src activation. LPS-induced Hsp90 phosphorylation was also prevented by the pp60src inhibitor PP2. Additionally, Hsp90 phosphorylation was induced by infecting cells with a constitutively active pp60src adenovirus, whereas either a dominant-negative pp60src adenovirus or reduced expression of pp60src by a specific siRNA prevented the LPS-induced Y phosphorylation of Hsp90. Transfection of HLMVEC with the nonphosphorylatable Hsp90β Y300F mutant prevented LPS-induced Hsp90β tyrosine phosphorylation but not pp60src activation. Furthermore, the Hsp90β Y300F mutant showed a reduced ability to bind the Hsp90 client proteins eNOS and pp60src and HLMVEC transfected with the mutant exhibited reduced LPS-induced barrier dysfunction. We conclude that inflammatory stimuli cause posttranslational modifications of Hsp90 that are Hsp90-inhibitor sensitive and may be important to the proinflammatory actions of Hsp90.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lucas R, Yang G, Gorshkov BA, Zemskov EA, Sridhar S, Umapathy NS, Jezierska-Drutel A, Alieva IB, Leustik M, Hossain H, Fischer B, Catravas JD, Verin AD, Pittet JF, Caldwell RB, Mitchell TJ, Cederbaum SD, Fulton DJ, Matthay MA, Caldwell RW, Romero MJ, Chakraborty T. Protein kinase C-α and arginase I mediate pneumolysin-induced pulmonary endothelial hyperpermeability. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:445-53. [PMID: 22582175 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0332oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics-induced release of the pore-forming virulence factor pneumolysin (PLY) in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia results in its presence days after lungs are sterile and is a major factor responsible for the induction of permeability edema. Here we sought to identify major mechanisms mediating PLY-induced endothelial dysfunction. We evaluated PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HL-MVECs) and human lung pulmonary artery endothelial cells in vitro and in mice instilled intratracheally with PLY. PLY increases permeability in endothelial monolayers by reducing stable and dynamic microtubule content and modulating VE-cadherin expression. These events, dependent upon an increased calcium influx, are preceded by protein kinase C (PKC)-α activation, perturbation of the RhoA/Rac1 balance, and an increase in myosin light chain phosphorylation. At later time points, PLY treatment increases the expression and activity of arginase in HL-MVECs. Arginase inhibition abrogates and suppresses PLY-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction by restoring NO generation. Consequently, a specific PKC-α inhibitor and the TNF-derived tonoplast intrinsic protein peptide, which blunts PLY-induced PKC-α activation, are able to prevent activation of arginase in HL-MVECs and to reduce PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability in mice. Arginase I (AI)(+/-)/arginase II (AII)(-/-) C57BL/6 mice, displaying a significantly reduced arginase I expression in the lungs, are significantly less sensitive to PLY-induced capillary leak than their wild-type or AI(+/+)/AII(-/-) counterparts, indicating an important role for arginase I in PLY-induced endothelial hyperpermeability. These results identify PKC-α and arginase I as potential upstream and downstream therapeutic targets in PLY-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center and Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georgia Health Sciences University, 1459 Laney-Walker Blvd., Augusta, GA 30912-2500, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang F, Snead CM, Catravas JD. Hsp90 regulates O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase: a novel mechanism of modulation of protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification in endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012; 302:C1786-96. [PMID: 22496241 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00004.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins is involved in many important cellular processes. Increased O-GlcNAc has been implicated in major diseases, such as diabetes and its complications and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, we reported that O-GlcNAc modification occurs in the proteasome and serves to inhibit proteasome function by blocking the ATPase activity in the 19S regulatory cap, explaining, at least in part, the adverse effects of O-GlcNAc modification and suggesting that downregulating O-GlcNAc might be important in the treatment of human diseases. In this study, we report on a novel mechanism to modulate cellular O-GlcNAc modification, namely through heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibition. We observed that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) interacts with the tetratricopeptide repeat binding site of Hsp90. Inhibition of Hsp90 by its specific inhibitors, radicicol or 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, destabilized OGT in primary endothelial cell cultures and enhanced its degradation by the proteasome. Furthermore, Hsp90 inhibition downregulated O-GlcNAc protein modifications and attenuated the high glucose-induced increase in O-GlcNAc protein modification, including high glucose-induced increase in endothelial or type 3 isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) O-GlcNAcylation. These results suggest that Hsp90 is involved in the regulation of OGT and O-GlcNAc modification and that Hsp90 inhibitors might be used to modulate O-GlcNAc modification and reverse its adverse effects in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengxue Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, 30912-2500, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Comhair SAA, Xu W, Mavrakis L, Aldred MA, Asosingh K, Erzurum SC. Human primary lung endothelial cells in culture. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 46:723-30. [PMID: 22427538 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0416te] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary endothelial functions are critical to maintain the low pressure of the pulmonary circulation and effective diffusion capacity of the lung. To investigate pulmonary endothelial cell biology in healthy or diseased lungs, we developed methods to harvest and culture pure populations of primary pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and microvascular endothelial cells from human lung explanted at time of transplantation or from donor lungs not used in transplantation. The purity and characteristics of cultured endothelial cells is ascertained by morphologic criteria using phase contrast and electron microscopy; phenotypic expression profile for endothelial specific proteins such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule, and von Willbrand factor; and endothelial function assays such as Dil-acetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake and tube formation. This detailed method provides researchers with the ability to establish cells for molecular, genetic, and biochemical investigation of human pulmonary vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/NC22, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|