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Amarasingha S, Anupama NMT, Rajakaruna RS, Rajapakse RPVJ, Perera PK. Effect of Soil Temperature on Canine Soil-Transmitted Nematodes in Kandy District with the First Record of Hookworm, Ancylostoma tubaeforme from Sri Lanka. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:1097-1106. [PMID: 38514604 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00829-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Soil-transmitted nematodes (STNs) are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly where the communities are socio-economically challenged. We investigated the effect of soil temperature on the prevalence and intensity of STN infection in free-roaming dogs. METHODS Fresh faecal samples collected from free-roaming dogs in Digana and Pussellawa town areas in the Kandy District, Sri Lanka, were microscopically analysed for canine STNs. Soil temperature was measured at each sampling site. Highly prevalent canine hookworm Ancylostoma, was further studied using PCR and sequencing, followed by phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS The soil temperature ranged between 28 and 31 °C (mean = 29.79 °C) and 18-21 °C (mean = 19.52 °C) in Digana and Pussellawa, respectively, showing a significant difference in the two sites (Students t-test t = 1.68, p < 0.0001). Of the total 44 dogs sampled, 41 (93.2%) were positive for STNs. During microscopic analysis, five nematodes: Ancylostoma spp., Capillaria sp., Strongyloides sp., Toxocara canis, and Trichuris sp., were identified. Ancylostoma species (93.2%) were the most prevalent, followed by Strongyloides sp. (22.7%) and Toxocara canis (15.9%). Infection prevalence of Strongyloides sp. was higher in Digana (40.9%) compared to that in Pussellawa (4.5%; Chi-square test, χ2 = 8.28, p = 0.004) and also the infection intensity from Digana (EPG = 8.02 ± 20.2) compared to that from Pussellawa (0.45 ± 2.1; Mann Whitney U test, p = 0.006). Amplicons (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the expected size for A. caninum, and A. tubaeforme were produced. An A. caninum sequence reported here (OQ101719) illustrated the highest similarity of 99.2% to one of the local sequences (MZ707153) upon pairwise comparison. CONCLUSION Digana, with a higher soil temperature than Pussellawa, had a significantly higher prevalence and infection intensity, particularly Strongyloides sp. This study also signifies the first molecular identification of hookworm species A. tubaeforme in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakunika Amarasingha
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - N M T Anupama
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rupika S Rajakaruna
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - R P V J Rajapakse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Piyumali K Perera
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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Jitsamai W, Kamkong P, Traub RJ, Taweethavonsawat P. New insight into genetic diversity of zoonotic-potential Ancylostoma ceylanicum in stray cats living in Bangkok, Thailand, based on deep amplicon sequencing. Zoonoses Public Health 2024; 71:236-247. [PMID: 38053474 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to characterize feline hookworms from stray cats living in Bangkok. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 56 hookworm-positive faecal samples were identified for hookworm species by using PCR targeting the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 fragment and qPCR targeting ITS2. Of 56 samples, 96.4% (54/56) were identified as Ancylostoma ceylanicum and 1.8% (1/56) as Ancylostoma caninum. With qPCR, 89.3% (50/56) were identified as single A. ceylanicum infection and 5.4% (3/56) as coinfection of A. ceylanicum and A. caninum. For genetic characterization of A. ceylanicum, 10 samples were pooled, and the partial COI gene was amplified, followed by deep amplicon sequencing. Five pooled samples were analysed, and 99.73% were identified with A. ceylanicum sequences, which were allocated into 19 haplotypes (AC01-AC19). Genetic diversity findings for A. ceylanicum in Asia revealed that three of eight haplotypes considered of zoonotic significance occurred in humans, dogs, and cats, including haplotypes H01, H20, and H21. The predominant haplotype in this study, AC01, was clustered with H01-a zoonotic haplotype. CONCLUSIONS The diversity obtained by deep amplicon sequencing supported that the A. ceylanicum community had high genetic variation. Deep amplicon sequencing was a useful method to determine source, zoonotic potential, and host-parasite relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanarit Jitsamai
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patchana Kamkong
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rebecca J Traub
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Biomarkers in Animal Parasitology Research Group, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ridwan Y, Sudarnika E, Dewi TIT, Budiono NG. Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of pets: Retrospective study at the veterinary teaching hospital, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. Vet World 2023; 16:1043-1051. [PMID: 37576768 PMCID: PMC10420713 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1043-1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Dogs and cats are popular pets that play integral roles in human societies worldwide. Unfortunately, they can carry potential zoonotic helminths that can be transmitted to humans. However, data on the gastrointestinal helminths affecting dogs and cats in Bogor, Indonesia, are currently lacking. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in pets from this area using a retrospective analysis. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of IPB University, Bogor. Cat and dog patients from January 2014 to April 2019 were tested for helminth infections and the results as well as their age, sex, and breed data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results Among the dogs and cats examined for internal parasites, 61.11% (33/51) of the dogs and 53.80% (92/171) of the cats were infected by helminths. Among the dogs, hookworm (37.04%) and Toxocara spp. (24.07%) were detected, while in the cats, hookworm (11.11%), Toxocara spp. (38.01%), and Dipylidium caninum (4.68%) were detected. The prevalence of hookworm and D. caninum was higher in older pets, while Toxocara spp. infected younger cats and dogs (<1 year) more frequently. The prevalence of Toxocara spp. in the Indonesian local dog breed was higher when than other breeds. Sex did not significantly affect the prevalence of parasites in dogs or cats. Conclusion The discovery of zoonotic helminth parasites in the cat and dog pets from Bogor raises concerns for the inhabitants. Initiatives will be required to inform pet owners about prevention strategies for these parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Ridwan
- Division of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Etih Sudarnika
- Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tri Isyani Tungga Dewi
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Novericko Ginger Budiono
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
- Division of Medical Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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Zhang X, Jian Y, Ma Y, Li Z, Fu Y, Cairang Z, Wang X, Duo H, Guo Z. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Dog Faecal Samples from Public Environments in Qinghai Province, China. Pathogens 2022; 11:1240. [PMID: 36364990 PMCID: PMC9696243 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Dogs are popular companions in our daily lives for company, hunting, protection or shepherding, but they also serve as reservoirs for zoonotic parasites. We analysed faecal samples from urban and rural environments in Qinghai Province on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites. A total of 682 faecal samples were collected from four urban and two rural environments from October 2019 to December 2020. The samples were analysed for common intestinal parasites using a species-specific PCR approach. The total number of samples with parasites was 40 (5.87%): 23 (3.37%) were positive for helminths, and 17 (2.49%) were positive for protozoa. The following parasites were identified, and their respective prevalence rates were calculated: Cryptosporidium canis (1.32%), Giardia duodenalis (1.17%, assemblages D (n = 6) and C (n = 2)), Taenia hydatigena (1.03%), Taenia multiceps (0.59%), Toxocara canis (0.59%), Echinococcus shiquicus (0.29%), Dipylidium caninum (0.29%), Taenia pisiformis (0.15%), Mesocestoides lineatus (0.15%), Trichuris vulpis (0.15%), and Ancylostoma spp. (0.15%). The overall prevalence was significantly higher in dog faecal samples from rural environments than in those from urban environments (16.19% vs. 3.99%). E. shiquicus, T. pisiformis, M. lineatus, T. vulpis, and Ancylostoma spp. were only found in dog faecal samples from rural environments. The results of the present study indicate that intestinal parasite-positive dogs are important sources of environmental contamination, suggesting a significant zoonotic infection risk in humans and other animals. This has implications for the ongoing control of intestinal parasite infections in dogs in Qinghai Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyong Zhang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Yingna Jian
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yijuan Ma
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhouzai Cairang
- Gangcha County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Haibei 812399, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Guinan County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Hainan 813100, China
| | - Hong Duo
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
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De Silva TK, Rajakaruna RS, Mohotti KM, Rajapakse RPVJ, Perera PK. First Molecular Identification of Ancylostoma Species in Dogs in a Rural Tea Estate Community in Sri Lanka and the Detection of Other Zoonotic Gastro-intestinal Parasites. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:1086-1096. [PMID: 35386069 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ancylostoma spp. causing canine hookworm infections are distributed worldwide with a high prevalence in the South Asian region. Here, we report the first molecular identification of the canine hookworm infecting the dogs in Sri Lanka. METHOD Fresh faecal samples were collected from free-roaming dogs in tea estate communities in Talawakelle, processed and microscopically analysed for gastro-intestinal parasites. The common dog hookworm Ancylostoma sp. was further investigated using molecular diagnostic tools including PCR, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. RESULTS Of the individual dogs sampled, 97.0% (97/100) were positive for GI parasites, identifying 14 species, all of which were zoonotic. Entamoeba sp. (58.0% (58/100)) was the most prevalent infection and Ancylostoma sp. (45.0% (45/100)) was the most prevalent helminth infection. Overall, helminth prevalence was higher in female dogs (92.5% (37/40)) than male dogs (73.3% (44/60)), potentially due to immune suppression during pregnancy and lactation. The prevalence and burden of Toxocara canis was higher in puppies (≤ 1 year) (68.8%(11/16); Chi-square test; χ2 = 20.912, p < 0.001 and FEC = 5.91; Mann-Whitney U test; p < 0.001), possibly due to vertical trans-mammary or trans-placental transmission of infective larvae. This study also presents the first record of Hymenolepis sp. from dogs in Sri Lanka. Ancylostoma sp. was molecularly confirmed as A. caninum. CONCLUSION The local variant of A. caninum was phylogenetically unique and showed 99.2% similarity to that from India. The high prevalence of zoonotic GI parasites with public health significance highlights the importance of improving community well-being, veterinary care for dogs, and public awareness on zoonoses.
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Morelli S, Diakou A, Di Cesare A, Colombo M, Traversa D. Canine and Feline Parasitology: Analogies, Differences, and Relevance for Human Health. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0026620. [PMID: 34378954 PMCID: PMC8404700 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00266-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cats and dogs are treated as family members by most pet owners. Therefore, a high quality of veterinary care and preventive medicine is imperative for animal health and welfare and for the protection of humans from zoonotic pathogens. There is a general perception of cats being treated as "small dogs," especially in the field of clinical parasitology. As a result, several important differences between the two animal species are not taken into proper consideration and are often overlooked. Dogs and cats are profoundly different under evolutionary, biological, ethological, behavioral, and immunological standpoints. These differences impact clinical features, diagnosis, and control of canine and feline parasites and transmission risk for humans. This review outlines the most common parasitoses and vector-borne diseases of dogs and cats, with a focus on major convergences and divergences, and discusses parasites that have (i) evolved based on different preys for dogs and cats, (ii) adapted due to different immunological or behavioral animal profiles, and (iii) developed more similarities than differences in canine and feline infections and associated diseases. Differences, similarities, and peculiarities of canine and feline parasitology are herein reviewed in three macrosections: (i) carnivorism, vegetarianism, anatomy, genetics, and parasites, (ii) evolutionary adaptation of nematodes, including veterinary reconsideration and zoonotic importance, and (iii) behavior and immune system driving ectoparasites and transmitted diseases. Emphasis is given to provide further steps toward a more accurate evaluation of canine and feline parasitology in a changing world in terms of public health relevance and One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Morelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Anastasia Diakou
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angela Di Cesare
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Donato Traversa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Shalini Devi KS, Anantharamakrishnan A, Maheswari Krishnan U. Expanding Horizons of Metal Oxide‐based Chemical and Electrochemical Sensors. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Shalini Devi
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
| | - Aadhav Anantharamakrishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
- School of Arts Science and Humanities SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur India – 613401
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Agustina KK, Anthara MS, Sibang NAAN, Wiguna WAR, Apramada JK, Gunawan WNF, Oka IBM, Subrata M, Besung NK. Prevalence and distribution of soil-transmitted helminth infection in free-roaming dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia. Vet World 2021; 14:446-451. [PMID: 33776310 PMCID: PMC7994117 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.446-451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Several free-roaming dogs can be easily found in the public areas of Bali. They go out in search of foods and friends and defecate everywhere. In general, these groups of dogs do not receive good healthcare from their owners and are generally threatened by some disease-causing organisms, especially helminths. This study was conducted to identify and measure the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) that cause infection in free-roaming dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1611 fresh dog fecal samples were collected from all areas of Bali Province and subjected to qualitative fecal examination using flotation techniques to obtain STH eggs. RESULTS The incidence of STHs in free-roaming dogs was 38.36%. However, three types of STHs were identified, including Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris spp., and Trichuris spp. Ancylostoma spp. had the highest prevalence of 37.8%, followed by Ascaris spp. and Trichuris spp. at 6.02% and 0.87%, respectively. Multiple infections of these worms were also recorded. The polyparasitism prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. and Ascaris spp. was 3.85%, followed by that of Ancylostoma spp. and Trichuris spp. at 0.5% and that of Ascaris spp. and Trichuris spp. at 0.06%. There were no altitude-wise differences in the prevalence of STH infection. CONCLUSION The prevalence of STHs was high in free-roaming dogs. This finding necessitates more serious attention as it affects both animal and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadek Karang Agustina
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Made Suma Anthara
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Nengah Anom Adi Nugraha Sibang
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Wayan Adi Rinta Wiguna
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Jendra Krisna Apramada
- Department of Public Health, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Ida Bagus Made Oka
- Department of Parasitology, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Made Subrata
- Department of Epidemiology, The Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
| | - Nengah Kerta Besung
- Department of Microbiology, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali 80225, Indonesia
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Wongwigkan J, Inpankaew T. Semi-domesticated dogs as a potential reservoir for zoonotic hookworms in Bangkok, Thailand. Vet World 2020; 13:909-915. [PMID: 32636587 PMCID: PMC7311867 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.909-915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hookworms are parasitic nematodes that live in the small intestine of their mammalian hosts including humans, dogs, and cats. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and perform genetic characterization of hookworms using molecular techniques and to elucidate the risk factors associated with hookworm infections among semi-domesticated dogs residing in temples in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 fecal samples were collected from semi-domesticated dogs from 91 temples in 48 districts of Bangkok. DNA was extracted and screened using internal transcribed spacer polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. In addition, samples positive for Ancylostoma ceylanicum were further characterized at the haplotype level based on the analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-1 gene (cox1). Results: The prevalence of hookworm infections in semi-domesticated dogs was 6.2% (31/500). Hookworm infections were detected in temple-community dogs in 12 of 48 districts (25.0%), with Bang Khen and Lak Si districts having the highest proportion of infected dogs (22.6%). Regarding molecular characterization of hookworm species, 21 positive samples (67.74%) were infected with A. ceylanicum and 10 (32.26%) with Ancylostoma caninum. Characterization of cox1 in A. ceylanicum isolates revealed the presence of a mixture of human and dog isolates. Conclusion: Semi-domesticated dogs act as a potential source of hookworm infections for human and animal populations in Bangkok, Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutamas Wongwigkan
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawin Inpankaew
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jung WK, Shin S, Park YK, Lim SK, Moon DC, Park KT, Park YH. Distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial species in stray cats, hospital-admitted cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:109. [PMID: 32272916 PMCID: PMC7147017 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02326-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is becoming increasingly important in both human and veterinary medicine. According to the One Health concept, an important step is to monitor the resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and trends of bacteria isolated from stray cats, hospital-admitted cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea between 2017 and 2018 were investigated. RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antibiotics for Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, and Enterococcus spp. were determined to establish representatives of different antibiotic classes relevant for treatment or surveillance. For Coagulase-positive and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, resistance to fluoroquinolones was below 13%, but resistance to ampicillin and penicillin was high (20-88%). A total of 9.5, 12.1, and 40.3% of staphylococcal isolates from stray cats, hospital-admitted cats, and veterinary staff, respectively, were confirmed to be mecA positive. For Enterobacteriaceae, resistance to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and 3rd generation cephalosporins was low (0-11.1%). The Enterococcus spp. isolates showed no resistance to vancomycin. The antimicrobial resistance rates of the Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae isolates from stray cats were usually lower than those of isolates from hospital-admitted cats and veterinary staff, but the Enterococcus spp. isolates revealed the opposite. Thus, the antimicrobial resistance varied across bacterial species according to the source from which they were isolated. CONCLUSIONS Resistance to critically important compounds were low. However, the presence of antimicrobial resistance in cat isolates is of both public health and animal health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Kyung Jung
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sook Shin
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Park
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, South Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, South Korea
| | - Kun Taek Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50834, South Korea
| | - Yong Ho Park
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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