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Pérez HJV, de Souza CL, Passos F, Roman MB, Mora EJC. Co-digestion and co-treatment of sewage and organic waste in mainstream anaerobic reactors: operational insights and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34918-y. [PMID: 39316211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The global shift towards sustainable waste management has led to an intensified exploration of co-digestion and co-treatment of sewage and organic waste using anaerobic reactors. This review advocates for an integrated approach where organic waste is treated along with the sewage stream, as a promising solution to collect, treat, and dispose of organic waste, thereby reducing the environmental and economic burden on municipalities. Various efforts, ranging from laboratory to full-scale studies, have been undertaken to assess the feasibility and impacts of co-digestion or co-management of sewage and organic waste, using technologies such as up-flow anaerobic sludge blankets or anaerobic membrane bioreactors. However, there has been no consensus on a standardized definition of co-digestion, nor a comprehensive understanding of its impacts. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in liquid anaerobic co-digestion systems, which typically operate at 1.1% total solids. The research aims to investigate how the integration of organic waste into mainstream anaerobic-based sewage treatment plants has the potential to enhance the sustainability of both sewage and organic waste management. In addition, utilizing the surplus capacity of existing anaerobic reactors leads to significant increases in methane production ranging from 190 to 388% (v/v). However, it should be noted that certain challenges may arise, such as the necessity for the development of tailored strategies and regulatory frameworks to enhance co-digestion practices and address the inherent challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Javier Vílchez Pérez
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Research City, San Pedro, Montes de Oca, 11501, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Cláudio Leite de Souza
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Passos
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, C/Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mauricio Bustamante Roman
- School of Biosystems Engineering, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Research City, San Pedro, Montes de Oca, 11501, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Erick Javier Centeno Mora
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Costa Rica (UCR), Research City, San Pedro, Montes de Oca, 11501, San José, Costa Rica
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Namli A, Akca MO, Perendeci NA, Yilmaz V, Ertit Tastan B. Effect of pretreated and anaerobically digested microalgae on the chemical and biochemical properties of soil and wheat grown on fluvisol. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:2833-2846. [PMID: 36919910 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2192364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of the potential application of digestate as an agricultural fertiliser obtained from anaerobically digested microalgae treated by three pretreatment methods, namely alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP), high temperature and pressure (HTP), and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) on some properties of soil, and wheat growth and yield were investigated. For this purpose, pretreated and anaerobically digested microalgae digestates alone or together with diammonium phosphate (DAP) as a chemical fertiliser were applied to soil for wheat growth. The highest dosage of AHP pretreated digestate combined with a half dose of DAP applied to soil was rich in nutrients as 0.25%N and 7.19 mg kg-1 compared to all groups. The properties of the soils were enhanced by applying the highest dosage (0.06 g kg-1) of microalgae digestate combined with a half dose of DAP. 0.02 g kg-1 dosage of HC pretreated digestate combined with a half dose of DAP also greatly improved nitrogen use efficiency indices by up to 104%. The soils' enzyme activities increased in wheat growth experiments by applying either raw or pretreated microalgae digestates. The soils' β-glycosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease enzyme activities increased to 1.38 mg pNP g-1 soil, 4.91 mg pNP g-1 soil, and 2.27 mg NH4-N 100 g-1 soil respectively by the application of highest dosage of HC pretreated digestate. The digestates did not have a toxic effect on wheat growth, it was determined that applied pretreatment processes did not cause significant changes in wheat plant height or wet and dry weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayten Namli
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Onur Akca
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Altinay Perendeci
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Vedat Yilmaz
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Burcu Ertit Tastan
- Health Services Vocational School, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- Life Sciences Application and Research Center, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Chojnacka K, Skrzypczak D, Szopa D, Izydorczyk G, Moustakas K, Witek-Krowiak A. Management of biological sewage sludge: Fertilizer nitrogen recovery as the solution to fertilizer crisis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116602. [PMID: 36375429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the current situation of a serious raw material crisis related to the disruption of supply chains, the bioeconomy is of particular significance. Rising prices and the problem with the availability of natural gas have made N fertilizers production very expensive. It is expected that due to natural gas shortages, conventional production of nitrogen fertilizers by chemical synthesis will be hindered in the coming season. An important alternative and an opportunity to solve the problems of fertilizer nitrogen availability are biological wastewater treatment plants, which can be treated as a renewable biological nitrogen mines. Sewage sludge (including activated sludge) contains up to 6-8% DM. N. Considering the quantity of sewage sludge generated in wastewater treatment plants, it can become an important raw material for the sustainable production of organic-mineral fertilizers from renewable resources available locally, with a low carbon footprint. Furthermore, the sewage sludge management method should take nitrogen retention into account and should not allow the emission of greenhouse gases containing nitrogen. This article analyzes the technological solutions of nitrogen recovery for fertilization purposes from biological wastewater treatment plants in the context of a new and difficult resource situation. Conventional and new nitrogen recovery methods were analyzed from the perspective of the current legal situation. An attempt was made to evaluate the possibility of implementing the assumptions of the circular economy through the recovery of renewable nitrogen resources from municipal wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Poland.
| | - Daniel Szopa
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Poland
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Chozhavendhan S, Karthigadevi G, Bharathiraja B, Praveen Kumar R, Abo LD, Venkatesa Prabhu S, Balachandar R, Jayakumar M. Current and prognostic overview on the strategic exploitation of anaerobic digestion and digestate: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114526. [PMID: 36252837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The depletion of fossil fuels and increasing demand for energy are encountered by generating renewable biogas. Anaerobic digestion (AD) produces not only biogas, also other value-added products from the digestate using various organic, municipal and industrial wastes which have several benefits like remediating waste, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy generation and securing socio-economic status of bio-based industries. This review work critically analyzes the biorefinery approaches on AD process for the production of biogas and digestate, and their direct and indirect utilization. The left-out residue obtained from AD is called 'digestate' which enriched with organic matter, nitrogen, heavy metals and other valuable micronutrients. However, the direct disposal of digestate to the land as fertilizer/landfills creates various environmental issues. Keeping this view, the digestate should be upgraded or transformed into high valued products such as biofertilizer, pyrochar, biodiesel, syngas and soil conditioner that can aid to enrich the soil nutrients and ensures the safe environment as well. In this context, the present review focused to illustrate the current techniques and different strategic exploitations on AD proper management of digestate products for storage and further applications. Such a technology transfer provides a proven strategic mechanism towards the enhancement of the sustainability of bio-based industries, attaining the energy demand, safest waste management, protection of environment and reduces the socio-economic issues of the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chozhavendhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Karthigadevi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, India
| | - B Bharathiraja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Lata Deso Abo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - S Venkatesa Prabhu
- Center of Excellence for Bioprocess and Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
| | - Ramalingam Balachandar
- Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Tiruvallur, 602 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Jayakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
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Karki R, Chuenchart W, Surendra KC, Shrestha S, Raskin L, Sung S, Hashimoto A, Kumar Khanal S. Anaerobic co-digestion: Current status and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:125001. [PMID: 33773269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a long-established technology for the valorization of diverse organic wastes with concomitant generation of valuable resources. However, mono-digestion (i.e., anaerobic digestion using one feedstock) suffers from challenges associated with feedstock characteristics. Co-digestion using multiple feedstocks provides the potential to overcome these limitations. Significant research and development efforts have highlighted several inherent merits of co-digestion, including enhanced digestibility due to synergistic effects of co-substrates, better process stability, and higher nutrient value of the produced co-digestate. However, studies focused on the underlying effects of diverse co-feedstocks on digester performance and stability have not been synthesized so far. This review fills this gap by highlighting the limitations of mono-digestion and critically examining the benefits of co-digestion. Furthermore, this review discusses synergistic effect of co-substrates, characterization of microbial communities, the prediction of biogas production via different kinetic models, and highlights future research directions for the development of a sustainable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renisha Karki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Wachiranon Chuenchart
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shilva Shrestha
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, 107 EWRE Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, 107 EWRE Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Shihwu Sung
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management (CAFNRM), University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Andrew Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Qu J, Sun Y, Awasthi MK, Liu Y, Xu X, Meng X, Zhang H. Effect of different aerobic hydrolysis time on the anaerobic digestion characteristics and energy consumption analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124332. [PMID: 33157447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic hydrolysis of stover before anaerobic digestion is beneficial to improve the biodegradability of corn stover. Aerobic hydrolysis of corn stover at 43 °C was conducted to investigate the effects of hydrolysis time (0 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h) on the degradation of lignocellulose from corn stover and material conversion. Further anaerobic digestion and energy consumption analysis with the digestion temperature of 36 °C were carried out. The accumulation rate of volatile fatty acids began to slow down after 16 h of hydrolysis, and the concentration of acetic acid reached 221.85 mmol/L at 24 h of hydrolysis. The degradation rate of lignocellulose was obviously increased after hydrolysis. When the hydrolysis time was 16 h, it reached the maximum cumulative methane production with 268.75 ml/g VS. In terms of biogas production and energy conversion efficiency, it is more appropriate to choose 16 h as hydrolysis time in biogas engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Qu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yuyingnan Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xinrui Xu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xianghui Meng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongqiong Zhang
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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Elalami D, Monlau F, Carrere H, Abdelouahdi K, Oukarroum A, Zeroual Y, Barakat A. Effect of coupling alkaline pretreatment and sewage sludge co-digestion on methane production and fertilizer potential of digestate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140670. [PMID: 32758825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating how organic waste co-digestion coupled with alkaline pretreatment can impact the methane production and agronomic value of produced digestates. For this purpose, sludge alone and mixed with olive pomace or macroalgal residues were subjected to anaerobic digestion with and without alkaline pretreatment. In addition, co-digestion of pretreated sludge with raw substrates was also carried out and compared to the whole mixture pretreatment. KOH pretreatment enhanced methane production by 39%, 15% and 49% from sludge, sludge mixed with olive pomace and sludge mixed with macroalgal residues, respectively. The digestates were characterised according to their physico-chemical and agronomic properties. They were then applied as biofertilizers for tomato growth during the first vegetative stage (28 days of culture). Concentrations in chlorophyll a and carotenoids in tomato plants, following sludge digestate addition, rose by 46% and 41% respectively. Sludge digestate enhanced tomato plant dry weight by 87%, while its nitrogen content increased by 90%. The impact of nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the digestate was strongest on tomato plant dry weight, thus explaining the efficiency of sludge digestate relative to other types of digestate. However, when methane production is considered, the combination of pre-treatment with co-digestion of macroalgal residues and sludge appears most beneficial for maximizing energy recovery and for biofertilizer generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Elalami
- INRAE, Montpellier University, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 111000 Narbonne, France; Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, 43150 Benguerir, Morocco; IMED-Lab, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Florian Monlau
- APESA, Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, 64230 Lescar, France
| | - Helene Carrere
- INRAE, Montpellier University, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 111000 Narbonne, France.
| | | | | | - Youssef Zeroual
- OCP Group, Complexe industriel Jorf Lasfar, BP 118 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Barakat
- IATE, Montpellier University, INRAE, Agro Institut, 34060 Montpellier, France
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