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Drapanauskaitė D, Barčauskaitė K, Bunevičienė K, Urbonavičius M, Varnagiris Š, Baltrusaitis J. Recovery of nutrients from biofuel ash via organic acid-facilitated solid-liquid extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142945. [PMID: 39059641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Solid-liquid extraction was investigated to obtain selected major plant nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg) from biofuel ash using weak organic acids like salicylic acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid as sacrificial leaching agents. In this study, three organic acids were compared to determine the most effective leaching agent for maximizing the P, K, Ca, and Mg extraction from biofuel ash. The findings indicated that 0.1 M citric acid was the most efficient for plant nutrient recovery, with 81.9% of P recovered after 30 min, 82.4% of Ca, 76.8% of Mg, and 47.3% of K. after 120 min. The highest amount of K, with 59.3% was recovered after 180 min of extraction with 0.1 M oxalic acid. However, recovery of P-80.7% was lower, and much lower recovery of Ca-2.3%, and Mg-68.6% after 180 min of extraction with 0.1 M oxalic acid. The leachates were not contaminated with heavy metals, just 0.47 mg/L of Zn, 7.67 mg/L of Al, and 1.99 mg/L of Fe were detected after 180 min of extraction with 0.1 M oxalic acid. The formation of calcium oxalates after extraction with 0.1 M oxalic acid was seen by SEM-EDS. The findings indicated that to achieve the highest recovery of all beneficial nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg) different extraction times and different extraction agents are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Drapanauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344, Akademija, Kedainiai District, Lithuania.
| | - Karolina Barčauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344, Akademija, Kedainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Bunevičienė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344, Akademija, Kedainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Marius Urbonavičius
- Center for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Lithuanian Energy Institute, 3 Breslaujos, 44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Šarūnas Varnagiris
- Center for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Lithuanian Energy Institute, 3 Breslaujos, 44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
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Arcas-Pilz V, Gabarrell X, Orsini F, Villalba G. Literature review on the potential of urban waste for the fertilization of urban agriculture: A closer look at the metropolitan area of Barcelona. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167193. [PMID: 37741375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Urban agriculture (UA) activities are increasing in popularity and importance due to greater food demands and reductions in agricultural land, also advocating for greater local food supply and security as well as the social and community cohesion perspective. This activity also has the potential to enhance the circularity of urban flows, repurposing nutrients from waste sources, increasing their self-sufficiency, reducing nutrient loss into the environment, and avoiding environmental cost of nutrient extraction and synthetization. The present work is aimed at defining recovery technologies outlined in the literature to obtain relevant nutrients such as N and P from waste sources in urban areas. Through literature research tools, the waste sources were defined, differentiating two main groups: (1) food, organic, biowaste and (2) wastewater. Up to 7 recovery strategies were identified for food, organic, and biowaste sources, while 11 strategies were defined for wastewater, mainly focusing on the recovery of N and P, which are applicable in UA in different forms. The potential of the recovered nutrients to cover existing and prospective UA sites was further assessed for the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Nutrient recovery from current composting and anaerobic digestion of urban sourced organic matter obtained each year in the area as well as the composting of wastewater sludge, struvite precipitation and ion exchange in wastewater effluent generated yearly in existing WWTPs were assessed. The results show that the requirements for the current and prospective UA in the area can be met 2.7 to 380.2 times for P and 1.7 to 117.5 times for N depending on the recovery strategy. While the present results are promising, current perceptions, legislation and the implementation and production costs compared to existing markets do not facilitate the application of nutrient recovery strategies, although a change is expected in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Arcas-Pilz
- Sostenipra Research Group (2021 SGR 00734), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB (CEX2019-0940-M), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gabarrell
- Sostenipra Research Group (2021 SGR 00734), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB (CEX2019-0940-M), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesco Orsini
- DISTAL-Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gara Villalba
- Sostenipra Research Group (2021 SGR 00734), Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB (CEX2019-0940-M), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Sun Y, Wang Z, Chen J, Fang Y, Wang L, Pan W, Zou B, Qian G, Xu Y. Phosphorus recovery from incinerated sewage sludge ash using electrodialysis coupled with plant extractant enhancement technology. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 164:57-65. [PMID: 37031513 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an integral mineral nutrient for the growth of plants and animals. As the increasing population worldwide, the demand for P resources keeps increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to recover P from secondary resources. Unlike conventional P recovery processes, this work focused on the recovery of P from incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) using electrodialysis as the main technology coupled with plant extractants. In this study, Amaranthus and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) were used as P extractants, investigating the effects of HPMA concentration and pH of the compound agent on the migration of P and heavy metals from ISSA. The results showed that the concentration of HPMA and pH of the compound agent had a significant influence on the mobility of P and heavy metals. Meanwhile, the impacts of eggshell additions and voltage on the recovery efficiency of P was also studied by using waste eggshells as calcium sources. We found that when eggshells were added at 10 g/L and the voltage was 10 V, the recovery efficiency of P reached 96.05%. Moreover, XRD patterns revealed that the mineral phase of recovered P-containing products was predominantly hydroxyapatite, which had good environmental benefits. Generally, the favorable results have been achieved in the recovery efficiency of P and has practical implications for P recovery from ISSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zexu Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jingyan Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yangfan Fang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Boyuan Zou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Ghalkhani M, Teymourinia H, Ebrahimi F, Irannejad N, Karimi-Maleh H, Karaman C, Karimi F, Dragoi EN, Lichtfouse E, Singh J. Engineering and application of polysaccharides and proteins-based nanobiocatalysts in the recovery of toxic metals, phosphorous, and ammonia from wastewater: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124585. [PMID: 37105252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Global waste production is anticipated reach to 2.59 billion tons in 2030, thus accentuating issues of environmental pollution and health security. 37 % of waste is landfilled, 33 % is discharged or burned in open areas, and only 13.5 % is recycled, which makes waste management poorly efficient in the context of the circular economy. There is therefore a need for methods to recycle waste into valuable materials through resource recovery process. Progress in the field of recycling is strongly dependent on the development of efficient, stable, and reusable, yet inexpensive catalysts. In this case, a growing attention has been paid to development and application of nanobiocatalysts with promising features. The main purpose of this review paper is to: (i) introduce nanobiomaterials and describe their effective role in the preparation of functional nanobiocatalysts for the recourse recovery aims; (ii) provide production methods and the efficiency improvement of nanobaiocatalysts; (iii) give comprehensive description of valued resource recovery for reducing toxic chemicals from the contaminated environment; (iv) describe various technologies for the valued resource recovery; (v) state the limitation of the valued resource recovery; (vi) and finally economic importance and current scenario of nanobiocatalysts strategies applicable for the resource recovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Ghalkhani
- Electrochemical Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Thin Layer and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Irannejad
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan 9477177870, Iran; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India.
| | - Ceren Karaman
- Department of Electricity and Energy, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan 9477177870, Iran
| | - Elena Niculina Dragoi
- "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Bld. D. Mangeron no 73, 700050, Iasi, Romania
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Tate Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China.
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
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Wang W, Chang JS, Lee DJ. Anaerobic digestate valorization beyond agricultural application: Current status and prospects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 373:128742. [PMID: 36791977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The flourishment of anaerobic digestion emphasizes the importance of digestate valorization, which is essential in determining the benefits of the anaerobic digestion process. Recently the perception of digestate gradually shifted from waste to products to realize the concept of circular economy and maximize the benefits of digestate valorization. Land application of digestate should be the simplest way for digestate valorization, while legislation restriction and environmental issues emphasize the necessity of novel valorization methods. This review then outlined the current methods for solid/liquid digestate valorization, nutrient recovery, microalgae cultivation, and integration with biological and thermochemical processes. The novel valorization routes proposed were summarized, with their challenges and prospects being discussed. Integrating anaerobic digestion with thermochemical methods such as hydrothermal carbonization should be a promising strategy due to the potential market value of hydrochar/biochar-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
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Bhatia L, Jha H, Sarkar T, Sarangi PK. Food Waste Utilization for Reducing Carbon Footprints towards Sustainable and Cleaner Environment: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032318. [PMID: 36767685 PMCID: PMC9916134 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
There is world-wide generation of food waste daily in significant amounts, leading to depletion of natural resources and deteriorating air quality. One-third of global food produced is wasted laterally with the food value chain. Carbon footprint is an efficient way of communicating the issues related to climate change and the necessity of changing behavior. Valorization or utilization of food wastes helps in resolving issues related to environment pollution. Reduction in the carbon footprint throughout the chain of food supply makes the whole process eco-friendly. Prevailing food waste disposal systems focus on their economic and environmental viability and are putting efforts into using food waste as a resource input to agriculture. Effective and advanced waste management systems are adopted to deal with massive waste production so as to fill the gap between the production and management of waste disposal. Food waste biorefineries are a sustainable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach for the production of platform chemicals, biofuels, and other bio-based materials. These materials not only provide sustainable resources for producing various chemicals and materials but have the potential to reduce this huge environmental burden significantly. In this regard, technological advancement has occurred in past few years that has proven suitable for tackling this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latika Bhatia
- Department of Microbiology & Bioinformatics, Atal Bihari Vajpayee University, Bilaspur 495001, India
| | - Harit Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur 495009, India
| | - Tanushree Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur 495009, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Sarangi
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal 795004, India
- Correspondence:
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Sniatala B, Kurniawan TA, Sobotka D, Makinia J, Othman MHD. Macro-nutrients recovery from liquid waste as a sustainable resource for production of recovered mineral fertilizer: Uncovering alternative options to sustain global food security cost-effectively. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159283. [PMID: 36208738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global food security, which has emerged as one of the sustainability challenges, impacts every country. As food cannot be generated without involving nutrients, research has intensified recently to recover unused nutrients from waste streams. As a finite resource, phosphorus (P) is largely wasted. This work critically reviews the technical applicability of various water technologies to recover macro-nutrients such as P, N, and K from wastewater. Struvite precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, and membrane filtration are applied for nutrient recovery. Technological strengths and drawbacks in their applications are evaluated and compared. Their operational conditions such as pH, dose required, initial nutrient concentration, and treatment performance are presented. Cost-effectiveness of the technologies for P or N recovery is also elaborated. It is evident from a literature survey of 310 published studies (1985-2022) that no single technique can effectively and universally recover target macro-nutrients from liquid waste. Struvite precipitation is commonly used to recover over 95 % of P from sludge digestate with its concentration ranging from 200 to 4000 mg/L. The recovered precipitate can be reused as a fertilizer due to its high content of P and N. Phosphate removal of higher than 80 % can be achieved by struvite precipitation when the molar ratio of Mg2+/PO43- ranges between 1.1 and 1.3. The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) to collect data on critical parameters control optimization, improve treatment effectiveness, and facilitate water utilities to upscale water treatment plants. Such infrastructure in the plants could enable the recovered materials to be reused to sustain food security. As nutrient recovery is crucial in wastewater treatment, water treatment plant operators need to consider (1) the costs of nutrient recovery techniques; (2) their applicability; (3) their benefits and implications. It is essential to note that the treatment cost of P and/or N-laden wastewater depends on the process applied and local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogna Sniatala
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Rybalkina OA, Solonchenko KV, Butylskii DY, Nikonenko VV, Pismenskaya ND. Effect of the Parameters of Pulsed Electric Fields on the Average Current Density in the Electrodialysis Desalination of a Phosphate-Containing Solution. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751622060075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Rizzioli F, Bertasini D, Bolzonella D, Frison N, Battista F. A critical review on the techno-economic feasibility of nutrients recovery from anaerobic digestate in the agricultural sector. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Persson T, Rueda-Ayala V. Phosphorus retention and agronomic efficiency of refined manure-based digestate—A review. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.993043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestate, a by-product from anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as animal manure, is considered a suitable plant fertilizer. However, due to its bulkiness and low economic value, it is costly to transport over long distances and store for long periods. Refinement processes to valorize digestate and facilitate its handling as a fertilizer include precipitation of phosphorus-rich mineral compounds, such as struvite and calcium phosphates, membrane filtration methods that concentrate plant nutrients in organic products, and carbonization processes. However, phosphorus retention efficiency in output products from these processes can vary considerably depending on technological settings and characteristics of the digestate feedstock. The effects of phosphorus in plant fertilizers (including those analogous or comparable to refined digestate products) on agronomic productivity have been evaluated in multiple experiments. In this review, we synthesized knowledge about different refinement methods for manure-based digestate as a means to produce phosphorus fertilizers, thereby providing the potential to increase phosphorus retention in the food production chain, by combining information about phosphorus flows in digestate refinement studies and agronomic fertilizer studies. It was also sought to identify the range, uncertainty, and potential retention efficiency by agricultural crops of the original phosphorus amount in manure-based digestate. Refinement chains with solid/wet phase separation followed by struvite or calcium phosphate precipitation or membrane filtration of the wet phase and carbonization treatments of the solid phase were included. Several methods with high potential to extract phosphorus from manure-based wet phase digestate in such a way that it could be used as an efficient plant fertilizer were identified, with struvite precipitation being the most promising method. Synthesis of results from digestate refinement studies and agronomic fertilizer experiments did not support the hypothesis that solid/wet separation followed by struvite precipitation, or any other refinement combination, results in higher phosphorus retention than found for unrefined digestate. Further studies are needed on the use of the phosphorus in the solid phase digestate, primarily on phosphorus-rich soils representative of animal-dense regions, to increase understanding of the role of digestate refinement (particularly struvite precipitation) in phosphorus recycling in agricultural systems.
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Recovery of Nutrients from Residual Streams Using Ion-Exchange Membranes: Current State, Bottlenecks, Fundamentals and Innovations. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050497. [PMID: 35629823 PMCID: PMC9145069 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review describes the place of membrane methods in solving the problem of the recovery and re-use of biogenic elements (nutrients), primarily trivalent nitrogen NIII and pentavalent phosphorus PV, to provide the sustainable development of mankind. Methods for the recovery of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphates from natural sources and waste products of humans and animals, as well as industrial streams, are classified. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using membrane processes for the transition to a circular economy in the field of nutrients. The possibilities of different methods, already developed or under development, are evaluated, primarily those that use ion-exchange membranes. Electromembrane methods take a special place including capacitive deionization and electrodialysis applied for recovery, separation, concentration, and reagent-free pH shift of solutions. This review is distinguished by the fact that it summarizes not only the successes, but also the “bottlenecks” of ion-exchange membrane-based processes. Modern views on the mechanisms of NH4+ − NH3 and phosphate transport in ion-exchange membranes in the presence and in the absence of an electric field are discussed. The innovations to enhance the performance of electromembrane separation processes for phosphate and ammonium recovery are considered.
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12
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Graphite particles as third electrodes to enhance metal removal and energy saving in a stationary electrodialytic soil system. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Food Waste Biorefinery: Pathway towards Circular Bioeconomy. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061174. [PMID: 34073698 PMCID: PMC8225055 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food waste biorefineries for the production of biofuels, platform chemicals and other bio-based materials can significantly reduce a huge environmental burden and provide sustainable resources for the production of chemicals and materials. This will significantly contribute to the transition of the linear based economy to a more circular economy. A variety of chemicals, biofuels and materials can be produced from food waste by the integrated biorefinery approach. This enhances the bioeconomy and helps toward the design of more green, ecofriendly, and sustainable methods of material productions that contribute to sustainable development goals. The waste biorefinery is a tool to achieve a value-added product that can provide a better utilization of materials and resources while minimizing and/or eliminating environmental impacts. Recently, food waste biorefineries have gained momentum for the production of biofuels, chemicals, and bio-based materials due to the shifting of regulations and policies towards sustainable development. This review attempts to explore the state of the art of food waste biorefinery and the products associated with it.
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