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Ricardo TGO, Eduardo FSM, Rafael TMA, Moisés SHI, Verónica CH, Cesar SF, Sofía GGA, Eduardo PC. The leachate from the Urban Solid Waste Transfer Station produces neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:318-324. [PMID: 38510067 PMCID: PMC10950561 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Leachate from municipal solid waste is a mixture of xenobiotics capable of contaminating bodies of water and causing damage to the health of living beings that inhabit or consume contaminated water. A previous study revealed the presence of heavy metals in Urban Solid Waste Transfer Station (USWTS) leachate above the permissible national and international limits. In the present study, we demonstrate that subchronic oral administration (5 and 25 % v/v) of leachate to male Wistar rats caused changes in the immunoreactivity of the glial markers: GFAP and Iba-1, accompanied by an increase in the expression of caspase-3, and a decrease in the expression of the NeuN protein. Results indicate that the heavy metals present in the leachate induced neuronal loss in the prefrontal cortex, suggesting that these contaminants can cause neurological problems in mammals that consume surface water with xenobiotics, since the leachate could contaminate water bodies and underground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torres-González Omar Ricardo
- Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Mexico
| | | | | | - Sánchez-Hernández Iván Moisés
- Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Mexico
| | | | - Soria-Fregozo Cesar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - González-Garibay Angélica Sofía
- Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Mexico
| | - Padilla-Camberos Eduardo
- Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Mexico
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Wu H, Yong Q, Wang J, Lu W, Qiu Z, Chen R, Yu B. Developing a regional scale construction and demolition waste landfill landslide risk rapid assessment approach. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 184:109-119. [PMID: 38810396 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, construction and demolition waste (CDW) landfills landslide accidents have occurred globally, with consequences varying due to surrounding environmental factors. Risk monitoring is crucial to mitigate these risks effectively. Existing studies mainly focus on improving risk assessment accuracy for individual landfills, lacking the ability to rapidly assess multiple landfills at a regional scale. This study proposes an innovative approach utilizing deep learning models to quickly locate suspected landfills and develop risk assessment models based on surrounding environmental factors. Shenzhen, China, with significant CDW disposal pressure, is chosen as the empirical research area. Empirical findings from this study include: (1) the identification of 52 suspected CDW landfills predominantly located at the administrative boundaries within Shenzhen, specifically in the Longgang, Guangming, and Bao'an districts; (2) landfills at the lower risk of landslides are typically found near the northern borders adjacent to cities like Huizhou and Dongguan; (3) landfills situated at the internal administrative junctions generally exhibit higher landslide risks; (4) about 70 % of these landfills are high-risk, mostly located in densely populated areas with substantial rainfall and complex topographies. This study advances landfill landslide risk assessments by integrating computer vision and environmental analysis, providing a robust method for governments to rapidly evaluate risks at CDW landfills regionally. The adaptable models can be customized for various urban and broadened to general landfills by adjusting specific indicators, enhancing environmental safety protocols and risk management strategies effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Wu
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Sino-Australia Joint Research Centre in BIM and Smart Construction, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Yong
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Sino-Australia Joint Research Centre in BIM and Smart Construction, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weisheng Lu
- Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaoyang Qiu
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Sino-Australia Joint Research Centre in BIM and Smart Construction, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Run Chen
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Sino-Australia Joint Research Centre in BIM and Smart Construction, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bo Yu
- School of Architecture Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Hasan MM, Ng KTW, Ray S, Assuah A, Mahmud TS. Prophet time series modeling of waste disposal rates in four North American cities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33335-5. [PMID: 38632194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three different univariate municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal rate forecast models (SARIMA, Holt-Winters, Prophet) were examined using different testing periods in four North American cities with different socioeconomic conditions. A review of the literature suggests that the selected models are able to handle seasonality in a time series; however, their ability to handle outliers is not well understood. The Prophet model generally outperformed the Holt-Winters model and the SARIMA model. The MAPE and R2 of the Prophet model during pre-COVID-19 were 4.3-22.2% and 0.71-0.93, respectively. All three models showed satisfactory predictive results, especially during the pre-COVID-19 testing period. COVID-19 lockdowns and the associated regulatory measures appear to have affected MSW disposal behaviors, and all the univariate models failed to fully capture the abrupt changes in waste disposal behaviors. Modeling errors were largely attributed to data noise in seasonality and the unprecedented event of COVID-19 lockdowns. Overall, the modeling errors of the Prophet model were evenly distributed, with minimum modeling biases. The Prophet model also appeared to be versatile and successfully captured MSW disposal rates from 3000 to 39,000 tons/month. The study highlights the potential benefits of the use of univariate models in waste forecast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Kelvin Tsun Wai Ng
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada.
| | - Sagar Ray
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Anderson Assuah
- University College of the North, Box 3000, 436 - 7th Street East, The Pas, Manitoba, R9A 1M7, Canada
| | - Tanvir Shahrier Mahmud
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
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4
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Zong H, Brimblecombe P, Gali NK, Ning Z. Assessing the spatial distribution of odor at an urban waterfront using AERMOD coupled with sensor measurements. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2024; 74:181-191. [PMID: 38038396 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2023.2290710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Impressions of a place are partly formed by smell. The urban waterfronts often leave a rather poor impression due to odor pollution, resulting in recurring complaints. The nature of such complaints can be subjective and vague, so there is a growing interest in quantitative measurements of emissions to explore the causes of malodorous influence. In the present work, an air quality monitor with an H2S sensor was employed to continuously measure emissions of malodors at 1-min resolution. H2S is often considered to be the predominant odorous substance from sludge and water bodies as it is readily perceptible. The integrated means of concentration from in situ measurements were combined with the AERMOD dispersion model to reveal the spatial distribution of odor concentrations and estimate the extent of odor-prone areas at a daily time step. Year-long observations showed that the diurnal profile exhibits a positively skewed distribution. Meteorology plays a vital role in odor dispersion; the degree of dispersion was explored on a case-by-case basis. There is a greater likelihood of capturing the concentration peaks at night (21:00 to 6:00) as the air is more stable then with less tendency for vertical mixing but favors a horizontal spread. This study indicates that malodors are changeable in time and space and establishes a new approach to using H2S sensor data and resolves a long-standing question about odor in Hong Kong.Implications: this study establishes a new approach combining dispersion model with novel H2S sensor data to understand the characteristics and pattern of odor emanated from the urban waterfront in Hong Kong. The sensor has dynamic concentration range to detect the episodic level of H2S and low level at background conditions. It provides more complete information in relation to odor annoyance, as well as quantitative information useful for odor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Zong
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Brimblecombe
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nirmal Kumar Gali
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi Ning
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Wang H, Liu Z, Wang X, Zhang L, Wu X, Li S, Cao Y, Ma L. Precision co-composting of multi-source organic solid wastes provide a sustainable waste management strategy with high eco-efficiency: a life cycle assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-32320-2. [PMID: 38329671 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
With the increase of organic solid wastes (OSWs), current waste management practices, such as landfill, incineration, and windrow composting, have shown weaknesses in both resource recycling and environmental protection. Co-composting has been used to achieve nutrient and carbon recycling but is accused of high ammonia emission and low degradation efficiency. Therefore, this study developed a precision co-composting strategy (S3, which adds functional bacteria generated from food processing waste to a co-composting system) and compared it with the current OSW treatment strategy (S1) and traditional co-composting strategy (S2) from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective. The results showed that compared with S1, the eco-efficiency increased by 31.3% due to the higher economic profit of S2 but did not directly reduce the environmental cost. The addition of bacterial agents reduced ammonia emissions and shortened composting time, so compared with S1 and S2, the environmental cost of S3 was reduced by 37.9 and 43.6%, while the economic profit increased by 79.8 and 24.4%, respectively. The changes in environmental costs and economic benefits resulted in a huge improvement of S3's eco-efficiency, which was 189.6 and 121.7% higher than S1 and S2. Meanwhile, the adoption of S3 at a national scale in China could reduce the emission of 1,4-dichlorobenzene by 99.9% compared with S1 and increase profits by 6.58 billion USD per year. This study proposes a novel approach that exhibits high eco-efficiency in the treatment of OSWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Zhuo Y, He J, Li W, Deng J, Lin Q. A review on takeaway packaging waste: Types, ecological impact, and disposal route. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122518. [PMID: 37678737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Rapid economic growth and urbanization have led to significant changes in the world's consumption patterns. Accelerated urbanization, the spread of the mobile Internet, and the increasing pace of work globally have all contributed to the demand for the food takeaway industry. The rapid development of the takeaway industry inevitably brings convenience to life, and with it comes great environmental pressure from waste packaging materials. While maintaining the convenience of people's lives, further reducing the environmental pollution caused by takeaway packaging materials and promoting the recycling and reuse of takeaway packaging waste need to attract the attention and concern of the whole society. This review systematically and comprehensively introduces common takeaway food types and commonly used packaging materials, analyzes the impacts of discarded takeaway packaging materials on human health and the ecological environment, summarizes the formulation and implementation of relevant policies and regulations, proposes treatment methods and resourceful reuse pathways for discarded takeaway packaging, and also provides an outlook on the development of green takeaway packaging. Currently, only 20% of waste packaging materials are recycled worldwide, and there is still a need to develop more green takeaway packaging materials and continuously improve relevant policies and regulations to promote the sustainable development of the takeaway industry. The review is conducive to further optimizing the takeaway packaging management system, alleviating the environmental pollution problem, and providing feasible solutions and technical guidance for further optimizing takeaway food packaging materials and comprehensive utilization of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhuo
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - JinTao He
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - QinLu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seasonings Green Manufacturing, Changsha, 410004, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Traven L, Baldigara A, Crvelin G, Budimir D, Linšak DT, Linšak Ž. Exploring the link between sulphur-containing compounds and noxious odours at waste management facilities: implications for odour monitoring and mitigation strategies. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:179-186. [PMID: 37791677 PMCID: PMC10549876 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With this study we challenge the widely held assumption that sulphur-containing compounds in ambient air are good indicators of the presence noxious odours near waste management facilities. We analysed an extensive set of olfactometric data and data on the concentrations of hydrogen sulphide and trace sulphur compounds (TSCs) near a waste management facility in Croatia in 2021. The results show that the presence of noxious odours significantly correlates only with the concentrations of hydrogen sulphide and methyl mercaptan in ambient air but not with other measured TSCs. Thus, in addition to the measurement of pollutants in ambient air, Integrated Pollution and Prevention Control (IPPC) permits should mandate olfactometric measurements to detect and mitigate noxious odours near waste management facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Traven
- University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Goran Crvelin
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Darko Budimir
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dijana Tomić Linšak
- University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Željko Linšak
- University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
- Teaching Institute of Public Health, Rijeka, Croatia
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Wang H, Yan Z, Zhang Z, Jiang K, Yu J, Yang Y, Yang B, Shu J, Yu Z, Wei Z. Real-time emission characteristics, health risks, and olfactory effects of VOCs released from soil disturbance during the remediation of an abandoned chemical pesticide industrial site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93617-93628. [PMID: 37516703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released along with soil disturbance during the remediation of abandoned industrial sites have attracted great attention due to their possible toxicity and odour. However, the real-time emission characteristics of these VOCs and their subsequent effects on health and olfaction are less understood. In this study, the gaseous VOCs released from soil disturbance by excavators and drilling rigs at an abandoned chemical pesticide plant were monitored online with a laboratory-built single photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (SPI-TOFMS). Twelve main VOCs with total mean concentrations ranging from 2350 to 3410 μg m-3 were observed, with dichloromethane (DCM) having a significant contribution. The total concentrations of the remaining 11 VOCs increased substantially during soil disturbance, with the total mean concentrations increasing from 18.65-39.05 to 37.95-297.94 μg m-3 and those of peak concentrations increasing from 28.46-58.97 to 88.38-839.13 μg m-3. This increase in VOC concentrations during soil disturbance leads to an enhanced heath risk for on-site workers. The distinctive difference between the mean and peak concentrations of VOCs indicates the importance of using mean and peak concentrations, respectively, for risk and olfactory evaluation due to the rapid response of the human nose to odours. As a result, the cumulative noncarcinogenic risk at the relatively high pollutant plot was higher than the occupational safety limit, while the total carcinogenic risks at all monitored scenarios exceeded the acceptable limit. Among the VOCs investigated, DCM and trichloroethylene (TCE) were determined to be crucial pollutants for both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of VOCs. With regard to olfactory effects, organic sulphides, including dimethyl disulphide (DMDS), dimethyl sulphide (DMS), and dimethyl trisulphide (DMTS) were identified as dominant odour contributors (78.28-92.11%) during soil disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuojian Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yu
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- China State Science Dingshi Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinian Shu
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangqi Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyang Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
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9
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Wang Y, Shao L, Kang X, Zhang H, Lü F, He P. A critical review on odor measurement and prediction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117651. [PMID: 36878058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Odor pollution has become a global environmental issue of increasing concern in recent years. Odor measurements are the basis of assessing and solving odor problems. Olfactory and chemical analysis can be used for odor and odorant measurements. Olfactory analysis reflects the subjective perception of human, and chemical analysis reveals the chemical composition of odors. As an alternative to olfactory analysis, odor prediction methods have been developed based on chemical and olfactory analysis results. The combination of olfactory and chemical analysis is the best way to control odor pollution, evaluate the performances of the technologies, and predict odor. However, there are still some limitations and obstacles for each method, their combination, and the prediction. Here, we present an overview of odor measurement and prediction. Different olfactory analysis methods (namely, the dynamic olfactometry method and the triangle odor bag method) are compared in detail, the latest revisions of the standard olfactometry methods are summarized, and the uncertainties of olfactory measurement results (i.e., the odor thresholds) are analyzed. The researches, applications, and limitations of chemical analysis and odor prediction are introduced and discussed. Finally, the development and application of odor databases and algorithms for optimizing odor measurement and prediction methods are prospected, and a preliminary framework for an odor database is proposed. This review is expected to provide insights into odor measurement and prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyue Kang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment & Reclamation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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10
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Peprah P, Kwarteng MA, Asiedu K, Agyemang-Duah W, Morgan AK, Adjei Gyimah A. Self-reported symptoms of ocular allergy and its comorbid factors among residents living near a landfill site in Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:386-397. [PMID: 35114879 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2031912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Residents close to landfill sites may be exposed to long-term emitted toxic compounds that may have effects on their eyes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptomatic ocular allergy and its comorbid factors among residents living near a landfill site in Ghana. An exploratory cross-sectional design involving 400 inhabitants living around a landfill site was employed. The prevalence of symptomatic ocular allergy was 59.3%. In a bivariate analysis, comorbid conditions including respiratory disease, coughing, flu, cholera, skin disease, diarrhoea, and hypertension predicted symptomatic ocular allergy. However, only cholera remained a significant predictor of symptomatic ocular allergy in the multivariate analysis. Symptomatic ocular allergy was high among inhabitants around the landfill site in Ghana. While proper design and management of landfills in Ghana is crucial, further longitudinal and clinical studies are required to clinically establish the link between landfill and ocular allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Peprah
- Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Kofi Asiedu
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anthony Kwame Morgan
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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11
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Ma W, Huang Z, Cui J, Boré A, Chen G, Qiao Z, Fellner J. Inhalation health risk assessment of incineration and landfill in the Bohai Rim, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137588. [PMID: 36584833 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An inhalation health risks assessment of 96 waste to energy (WtE) plants and 178 landfills in the Bohai Rim, located in northeast China, has been conducted. Based on the latest emission inventories in 2020, WRF/CALPUFF was used to simulate the diffusion of pollutants. Population-weighted hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of incineration and landfill for each pollutant and each target organ impacted were calculated. The health risks of incineration and landfill were correlated with per capita municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal quantity, emission factors, pollutant toxic effects and local migration and diffusion conditions. The HI of incineration and landfill in the Bohai Rim were 4.07 × 10-3 and 4.79 × 10-3, respectively, which was lower than the acceptable level (HI < 1), while the CR of incineration and landfill were 4.72 × 10-7 and 2.58 × 10-7, respectively, which was also lower than the acceptable level (CR < 1 × 10-6). The non-carcinogenic risks of incineration mainly targeted respiratory system and development system, while the non-carcinogenic risks of landfill mainly targeted nervous system and respiratory system. The carcinogenic risks of incineration mainly targeted respiratory system and digestive system, while the carcinogenic risks of landfill mainly targeted hepatic system and respiratory system. With the trend that incineration phase in, while landfill phase out, the number of patients for 15 target organ diseases caused by the disposal of unit mass MSW would decrease in the Bohai Rim, ranging from 1.8 × 10-8 - 1.8 × 10-2 (pop/t),especially in developed provinces, such as Beijing and Tianjin. However, the number of patients for 4 target organ diseases caused by the disposal of unit mass MSW would increase, ranging from 1.18 × 10-6 - 5.28 × 10-3 (pop/t). Based on pollutants' pathogenic mechanisms, this study innovatively accessed and compared incineration and landfill's health risks of target organs, and provide technical and policy suggestions based on the changing trend of MSW disposal methods in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhuoshi Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jicui Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Abdoulaye Boré
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Zhi Qiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Johann Fellner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Anthropogenic Resource, Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Austria; Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Austria
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12
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Du W, Lü F, Zhang H, Shao L, He P. Odor emission rate of a municipal solid waste sanitary landfill during different operation stages before final closure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159111. [PMID: 36183762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the odor emission rate from different areas of a municipal solid waste landfill. The surface odor emission rate (SOER) of eight odorous compound groups were determined by flux chamber method. The SOER of working face, seams of daily cover, membrane surface of daily cover, seams of temporary cover, membrane surface of temporary cover, seams of intermediate cover, membrane surface of intermediate cover were 138.34, 49.83, 13.56, 90.35, 14.48, 4.05, and 8.14 μg/(m2·s), respectively. Therefore, odor emission hotspots were at seams of daily and temporary cover areas. Converting the odor emissions at emission hotspots to the entire membrane cover surface, the average SOER of working face, daily cover area, temporary cover area and intermediate cover area were 138.34, 17.95, 22.43, and 6.24 μg/(m2·s), respectively. Combined with the size of each landfill area, the total odor emissions of the four above areas of a landfill zone were 830, 108, 1346, and 5175 mg/s, respectively, suggesting the necessity to control the odor emission of membrane cover stages especially for large-scale landfills. In terms of odor components, alcohols (38.7 %), sulfur compounds (22.9 %) and aldehydes (15.7 %) were major odorous groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Sun C, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wang M, Jing X, Li G, Yan J, Zhao L, Nie L, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Liu Y. Characteristics, secondary transformation and odor activity evaluation of VOCs emitted from municipal solid waste incineration power plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116703. [PMID: 36399882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from municipal solid waste incineration power plant (MSWIPP) plays a significant role in the formation of O3 and PM2.5 and odor pollution. Field test was performed on four MSWIPPs in an area of the North China Plain. Nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and 102 VOCs were identified and quantified. Ozone formation potential (OFP), secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP), and odor activity of the detected VOCs were evaluated. Results showed that the average concentration of NMHCs and VOCs were 1648.6 ± 1290.4 μg/m3 and 635.3 ± 588.8 μg/m3, respectively. Aromatics (62.1%), O-VOCs (16.0%), and halo hydrocarbons (10.0%) were the main VOCs groups in the MSWIPP exhaust gas. VOCs emission factor of MSWIPP was 2.43 × 103 ± 2.27 × 103 ng/g-waste. The OFP and SOAFP of MSWIPP were 960.18 ± 2158.17 μg/m3 and 1.57 ± 3.38 μg/m3, respectively. Acrolein as the dominant VOC species was the major odor contributor with a percentage of odor contribution of 65.9%. Benzene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene as the dominant VOC species were the main contributors of O3 formation potentials, in which 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was also the main contributors of SOA formation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China.
| | - Yong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Minyan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Xianglong Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Guoao Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jing Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Lei Nie
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Yiqi Wang
- Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan
| | - Yuxi Zhong
- School of Materials Science&Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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14
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Li R, Yuan J, Li X, Zhao S, Lu W, Wang H, Zhao Y. Health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from landfill working surface via dispersion simulation enhanced by probability analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120535. [PMID: 36341827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the health risks of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from landfills via dispersion model is crucial but also challenging because of remarkable variations in their emissions and meteorological conditions. This study used a probabilistic approach for the assessment of the health risks of typical VOCs by combining artificial neural network models for emission rates and a numerical dispersion model enhanced by probability analysis. A total of 8753 rounds of simulation were performed with distributions of waste compositions and the valid hourly meteorological conditions for 1 year. The concentration distributions and ranges of the typical health-risky VOCs after dispersion were analyzed with 95% probability. The individual and cumulative non-carcinogenic risks of the typical VOCs were acceptable with all values less than 1 in the whole study domain. For individual carcinogenic risks, only ethylbenzene, benzene, chloroform, and 1, 2-dichloroethane at extreme concentrations showed minor or moderate risks with a probability of 0.1%-1% and an impact distance of 650-3000 m at specific directions. The cumulative carcinogenic risks were also acceptable at 95% probability in the whole study domain, but exceeded 1 × 10-6 or even 1 × 10-4 at some extreme conditions, especially within the landfill area. The vertical patterns of the health risks with height initially increased, and then decreased rapidly, and the peak values were observed around the height of the emission source. The dispersion simulation and health risk assessment of the typical health-risky VOCs enhanced by Monte Carlo can accurately reflect their probabilistic dispersion patterns and health risks to surrounding residents from both spatial and temporal dimensions. With this approach, this study can provide important scientific basis and technical support for the health risk assessment and management of landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Jiayi Yuan
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Silan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, PR China.
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15
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Roy S, Basak D, Bose A, Chowdhury IR. Citizens' perception towards landfill exposure and its associated health effects: a PLS-SEM based modeling approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:134. [PMID: 36411390 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Around 90% of municipal solid waste in India is treated improperly at open dumps and landfills, posing a severe threat to public health. Landfills are an annoyance whose presence causes uncertainty, stress, and dissatisfaction in neighboring residential areas. This research investigates the perceived impact of exposure to landfills on health in terms of environmental quality, general living status, and defensiveness. To meet the current study's objective, "Case of exposed population" to landfill, i.e., 384 participants dwelling near 1 km of the dump site in Siliguri municipality, West Bengal, India, were considered using a purposive sample approach. The present study adopted Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach to prove the hypothesis related to the residential perception of landfills and their impact on health. The findings reveal that all three constructs, namely environmental quality (β = .997, t = 19.607, and ρ < 0.001), general life status (β = .116, t = 2.475 and ρ < 0.05), and people's defensive attitude (β = .150, t = 2.526 and ρ < 0.001), significantly affect the health condition of those exposed to a landfill site. The results suggest that by understanding the impact of landfills on resident health, policymakers and bureaucrats can promote reliable and effective measures linked to sustainable solid waste disposal facilities. The administration must create a policy to protect citizens who live near landfills by improving the ambient environment, establishing health management facilities, and raising awareness through public participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Roy
- Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debanjan Basak
- Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghadeep Bose
- Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Indrajit Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
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16
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Polvara E, Gallego E, Invernizzi M, Perales JF, Sironi S. Chemical characterization of odorous emissions: A comparative performance study of different sampling methods. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Wei X, Tao Z, Xinrui J, Huan X. Degradation of mixed typical odour gases via non-thermal plasma catalysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129751. [PMID: 36007372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous treatment of H2S and NH3 typical odours by plasma was investigated and the co-treatment of both was found to have a facilitating effect the conversion. The degradation efficiency and by-product emissions of single plasma technology and plasma co-catalytic two-stage technology were compared and the degradation mechanism was further analyzed. The results show that in the single plasma technology conversion experiment, the conversion rate of the treated odours mixture is higher than that of the treated single odours, and the by-product emissions of SO2 and NOx are also reduced due to the reaction of intermediate products and by-products during the reaction process. The absolute removal of the odours mixture is optimal when treating at a gas flow rate of 6 L/min, a voltage of 16 kV and a frequency of 200 Hz. The M(Ce,Cu)-Mn/13X loaded catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method. Under the conditions of gas flow rate of 3-7 L/min, the efficiency of H2S and NH3 removal and the reduction of by-product emission were ranked as: uncatalyzed > Cu-Mn/13X > Ce-Mn/13X, which proved that Ce-Mn/13X showed better catalytic activity and application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Wei
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhu Tao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Jin Xinrui
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Huan
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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Dobrzyniewski D, Szulczyński B, Gębicki J. Determination of Odor Air Quality Index (OAQII) Using Gas Sensor Matrix. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134180. [PMID: 35807428 PMCID: PMC9268730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a new way to determine odor nuisance based on the proposed odor air quality index (OAQII), using an instrumental method. This indicator relates the most important odor features, such as intensity, hedonic tone and odor concentration. The research was conducted at the compost screening yard of the municipal treatment plant in Central Poland, on which a self-constructed gas sensor array was placed. It consisted of five commercially available gas sensors: three metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) chemical sensors and two electrochemical ones. To calibrate and validate the matrix, odor concentrations were determined within the composting yard using the field olfactometry technique. Five mathematical models (e.g., multiple linear regression and principal component regression) were used as calibration methods. Two methods were used to extract signals from the matrix: maximum signal values from individual sensors and the logarithm of the ratio of the maximum signal to the sensor baseline. The developed models were used to determine the predicted odor concentrations. The selection of the optimal model was based on the compatibility with olfactometric measurements, taking the mean square error as a criterion and their accordance with the proposed OAQII. For the first method of extracting signals from the matrix, the best model was characterized by RMSE equal to 8.092 and consistency in indices at the level of 0.85. In the case of the logarithmic approach, these values were 4.220 and 0.98, respectively. The obtained results allow to conclude that gas sensor arrays can be successfully used for air quality monitoring; however, the key issues are data processing and the selection of an appropriate mathematical model.
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Preparation of a Novel Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for Headspace GC-MS Analysis of Hazardous Odorants in Landfill Leachate. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The practice of odorant analysis can often be very challenging because odorants are usually composed of a host of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at low concentrations. Preconcentration with solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a conventional technique for the enrichment of these volatile compounds before analysis by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). However, commercially available SPME products usually bear the defects of weak mechanical strength and high cost. In this work, novel SPME fibers were prepared by a one-pot synthesis procedure from divinylbenzene (DVB), porous carbon powder (Carbon) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Factors that influence the extraction efficiency, such as extraction temperature, extraction time, salting effects, pH, stirring rate, desorption temperature and time, were optimized. VOCs in landfills pose a great threat to human health and the environment. The new SPME fibers were successfully applied in the analysis of VOCs from the leachate of a cyanobacteria landfill. Quantification methods of major odor contributors were established, and a good linearity (r > 0.998) was obtained, with detection limits in the range of 0.30–0.50 ng/L. Compared to commercial SPME fibers, the new material has higher extraction efficacy and higher precision. Hence, it is suitable for the determination of hazardous odorants of various sources.
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20
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Utilization of Different Grain Size of Municipal Solid Waste Bottom Ash in High-Performance Mortars. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14074263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Globalization is bringing increased industrialization and municipal solid waste (MSW). This is a major concern in heavily populated areas. In order to reduce MSW generation, incineration is commonly used, resulting in two types of ashes: bottom and fly ash. Bottom ash is gathered at the incineration bed and is larger in mass than fly ash. To test the qualities of high-performance mortar, MSW-BA in three sizes (fine, medium, and coarse) was replaced with sand at three replacement levels of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The high-performance mortar integrating MSW-BA was tested for hardened density, mechanical properties such as compressive and flexural strength, resistance to NaOH solution, and heavy metal leaching. The substitution level of MSW-BA increased the hardened density of the mortar mixes. The volume change and residual strength of the mortar mixes were measured following exposure to the NaOH solution. Fine-particle mortar mixes shrank whereas medium- and coarse-particle mortar mixes expanded. The largest loss in flexural and compressive strength was recorded when 20% of sand was replaced with a fine fraction of MSW-BA. Heavy metals including cadmium and copper were not leached from MSW-BA combinations of any size. The minuscule amounts of lead and zinc discovered were well below acceptable limits. The present study illustrates the MSW-BA can be utilized as a substitute for sand in the development of high-performance mortar.
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21
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Environmental Odour Nuisance Assessment in Urbanized Area: Analysis and Comparison of Different and Integrated Approaches. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to odour emissions causes annoyance which leads to nuisance and consequently to complaints. Different methodologies exist in the literature to evaluate odour impacts, but not all are suitable to assess environmental odour nuisance. Information about their applicability criteria and comparison, is scarce and referred to short time analysis. The research presents and discusses the application of different methods to characterize and assess odour nuisance around an industrial plant localized in a sensitive area. Experimental activities are carried out through a long-time analysis programme. Field inspections and predictive methods are investigated and compared. A modification of the traditional dispersion modelling approach is proposed in order to adapt its application for the prediction of the odour nuisance. The offensiveness and location factors are identified as key parameters in the quantification of the perceived nuisance. The integrated dispersion modelling multi-level approach is highlighted as the most suitable for defining the plant strategies. The paper provides useful information to characterize environmental odour problems and identify appropriate solutions for an effective management of odorous sources, with the aim of reducing complaints, restoring the proper relationship between odorous plants and the surrounding communities and increasing the overall quality of the environment.
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