1
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Zhao M, Yang L, Chen F, Zhuang J. Bacterial transport mediated by micro-nanobubbles in porous media. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121771. [PMID: 38768521 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Determining the role of micro-nanobubbles (MNBs) in controlling the risk posed by pathogens to soil and groundwater during reclaimed water irrigation requires clarification of the mechanism of how MNBs block pathogenic bacteria. In this study, real-time bioluminescence imaging was used to investigate the effects of MNBs on the transport and spatiotemporal distribution of bioluminescent Escherichia coli 652T7 strain in porous media. The presence of MNBs significantly increased the retention of bacteria in the porous media, decreasing the maximum relative effluent concentration (C/C0) by 78 % from 0.97 (without MNBs) to 0.21 (with MNBs). The results suggested that MNBs provided additional sites at the air-water interface (AWI) for bacterial attachment and acted as physical obstacles to reduce bacterial passage. These effects varied with environmental conditions such as solution ionic strength and pore water velocity. The results indicated that MNBs enhanced electrostatic attachment of bacteria at the AWI and their mechanical straining in pores. This study suggests that adding MNBs in pathogen-containing water is an effective measure for increasing filtration efficiency and reducing the risk of pathogenic contamination during agricultural irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Fengxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
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2
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Wu T, Yang Z, Hu R, Chen YF. Three-Dimensional Visualization Reveals Pore-Scale Mechanisms of Colloid Transport and Retention in Two-Phase Flow. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1997-2005. [PMID: 36602921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Colloids are ubiquitous in the natural environment, playing an important role in facilitating the transport of absorbed contaminants. However, due to the complexities arising from two-phase flow and difficulties in three-dimensional observations, the detailed mechanisms of colloid transport and retention under two-phase flow are still not well understood. In this work, we visualize the colloid transport and retention during immiscible two-phase flow based on confocal microscopy. We find that the colloid transport and retention behaviors depend strongly on the flow rate and pore/grain size. At low levels of saturation (high flow rate) with the wetting liquid mainly present as pendular rings, the colloids can aggregate at the liquid filaments in small-grain packings and are uniformly distributed in large-grain packings. Through theoretical analysis of the pendular ring geometry, we elucidate the mechanism responsible for the strong dependence of colloid clogging behavior on solid grain size. Our results further demonstrate that even at dilute concentrations, colloids can alter the flow paths and the wetting fluid topology, suggesting a strong two-way coupling dynamics between immiscible two-phase flow and colloid transport and calling for improved predictive models to incorporate the overlooked clogging behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing210029, China
| | - Zhibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Ran Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Yi-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
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3
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Wang Y, Xie Y, Fan W, Yang Z, Tan W, Huo M, Huo Y. Mechanism comparisons of transport-deposition-reentrainment between microplastics and natural mineral particles in porous media: A theoretical and experimental study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157998. [PMID: 35964749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The migration and distribution of microplastic particles (MPs) in the natural environment has attracted global attention in recent years. However, little is known about the transport-deposition-reentrainment differences between MPs and natural mineral particles in porous media. In this study, polystyrene (PS) and silica (SiO2) particles, representing model MPs and natural mineral particles, respectively, were selected to study the responses of different particle types to changes in specific particle size and flow velocity. Three typical particle sizes and various flow velocities were chosen to compare and delineate the transport-deposition-reentrainment characteristics of PS and SiO2 in a packed-bed laboratory column. Collector efficiency was calculated using Tufenkji and Elimelech (TE) equation. The particle fractions released from the collector surfaces were predicted using DLVO theory and force analysis. Two types of particles were attached in the secondary minimum, which were either retained on the collector surface or reentrained to the fluid. The staged elution experiment wherein the flow velocity was increased experienced a period of flow shock, thus breaking the force balance of the particle. An increase in the flow velocity resulted in various degrees of particle elution. The breakthrough experiment at a specific flow velocity showed that the corresponding velocity alteration in staged elution experiment contributed to reentrainment to varying extents. When the effect of gravity on particle deposition was negligible, the particle size was larger, and the lower the velocity for releasing the particles. However, the opposite tendency was observed when considering the effect of gravity on particle deposition. Moreover, the deposition, mainly due to gravity, easily causes particle reentrainment as the flow velocity increases. This study further predicts and reveals the nature of transport and deposition differences between MPs and natural mineral particles, which helps to further assess the risk and potential of groundwater contamination with MPs of different sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin jianzhu University, No. 5088, Xincheng Street, Nanguan District, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuxuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin jianzhu University, No. 5088, Xincheng Street, Nanguan District, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Fan
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, No. 2555, Jingyue Street, Nanguan District, 130117 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zihao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin jianzhu University, No. 5088, Xincheng Street, Nanguan District, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenda Tan
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin jianzhu University, No. 5088, Xincheng Street, Nanguan District, 130118 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingxin Huo
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, No. 2555, Jingyue Street, Nanguan District, 130117 Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Huo
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, No. 5268, Renmin Street, Nanguan District, 130024 Changchun, Jilin, China.
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4
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Chen X, Yang L, Guo J, Xu S, Di J, Zhuang J. Interactive removal of bacterial and viral particles during transport through low-cost filtering materials. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970338. [PMID: 35992651 PMCID: PMC9386502 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen filtration is critically important for water sanitation. However, it is a big challenge to balance removal efficiency and filtering material cost. In this study, we quantified the removal processes of a bacterial strain Escherichia coli 652T7 and a model bacteriophage MS2 (ATCC 15597-B1) during their transport through columns containing iron filings (IF), calcined magnesite (CM), natural ore limestone (OL) or corn stalk biochar (BC) under saturated flow conditions. Experimental results showed that 99.98, 79.55, 63.79, and 62.59% of injected E. coli 652T7 and 98.78, 92.26, 68.79, and 69.82% of injected MS2 were removed by IF, CM, OL, and BC, respectively. The differences in removal percentage were attributed to the disparities of the microorganisms and filtering materials in surface function groups, surface charges, and surface morphology. Transport modeling with advection-dispersion equation (ADE) and interaction energy calculation with extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (XDLVO) model indicated that E. coli 652T7 and MS2 were mostly removed via irreversible attachment. In IF columns, E. coli 652T7 promoted the transport of MS2 but not vice versa. In CM columns, MS2 facilitated the transport of E. coli 652T7 and vice versa at a less extent. Such changes were a combined result of attachment site competition, steric effect, and mechanical straining. We found that the sum of the removal percentages of the two microorganisms in their respective transport experiments were similar to those calculated from their co-transport experiments. This result suggests that the removals were mainly limited by the attachment sites in the filtering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junzhen Di
- School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhen Di,
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Jie Zhuang,
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5
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Chen J, Yang L, Chen X, Ripp S, Zhuang J. Coupled Effects of Pore Water Velocity and Soil Heterogeneity on Bacterial Transport: Intact vs. Repacked Soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:730075. [PMID: 35265053 PMCID: PMC8899592 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.730075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of pathogenic bacteria from land surface to groundwater is largely influenced by rainfall intensity and geochemical and structural heterogeneities of subsurface sediments at different depths. It has been assumed that the change in rainfall intensity has different effects on bacterial transport as a function of soil depth. In this study, repacked and intact column systems were used to investigate the influences of pore water velocity on the transport of Escherichia coli 652T7 through a loamy soil collected from varying soil depths. The soils differed in geochemical properties and soil structures. The concentrations of bacteria in soil and liquid samples were measured using plate counting method. The breakthrough percentages of E. coli 652T7 increased with pore water velocity at each depth in both intact and disturbed soils. Among the different soil depths, the largest velocity effect was observed for the transport through the top soil (0-5 cm) of both disturbed and intact soil profiles. This depth-dependent effect of pore water velocity was attributed to down gradients of soil organic matter (SOM) and iron oxide contents with depth because SOM and iron oxides were favorable for bacterial attachment on soil surfaces. In addition, less bacteria broke through the disturbed soil than through the intact soil at the same depth, and the pore water velocity effect was stronger with the disturbed than intact soils. Specifically, the maximum C/C0 (i.e., ratio of effluent to influent concentration) doubled (i.e., from 0.36 to 0.76) in the 0-5 cm intact soil columns and tripled (i.e., from 0.16 to 0.43) in the 0-5 cm repacked soil columns. This structure-dependent effect of pore water velocity was attributed to larger pore tortuosity and a narrower range of pore sizes in the disturbed soil than in the intact soil. These findings suggest that change in pore water velocity could trigger bacterial remobilization especially in surface soils, where more bacteria are retained relative to deep soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Steven Ripp
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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6
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Wanner P. Plastic in agricultural soils - A global risk for groundwater systems and drinking water supplies? - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128453. [PMID: 33038754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The global plastic contamination is one of the major challenges facing mankind as plastic is ubiquitously present in all environmental compartments. In contrast to freshwater and marine environments, plastic contamination of agricultural soils was only recently subject to investigations although it represents a significant amount (14%) of the global plastic pollution. Of concern is the vertical migration of plastic particles in agricultural soils and plastic-induced enhancement of pesticide transport towards underlying groundwater systems. To assess the risk of the large plastic inventory in agricultural soils for groundwater systems and drinking water supplies, this review critically synthesizes the current knowledge of the plastic mobility and plastic-pesticide interactions in agricultural soils, identifies future research directions and evaluates associated analytical challenges. The reviewed studies provide consistent evidence for vertical migration of plastic in agricultural soils towards aquifer systems, especially for sub-micrometer sized plastic particles, analogously to the well-known migration of natural particles in the sub-micrometer range (colloids). The reviewed investigations also showed that plastic changes the sorption behavior of pesticides in agricultural soils and enhances their transport towards underlying groundwater systems. Hence, the deposited plastic in agricultural soils likely poses a major risk for underlying aquifers and drinking water supplies that rely on groundwater resources below farmlands to be contaminated by plastic and pesticides. This demonstrates that improved regulatory measures are necessary regarding the general usage of plastic in the farming process to protect aquifers and drinking water supplies from plastic and pesticide contamination and to avoid a potential human health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wanner
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 5A, 413 20, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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7
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Liang X, Radosevich M, Löffler F, Schaeffer SM, Zhuang J. Impact of microbial iron oxide reduction on the transport of diffusible tracers and non-diffusible nanoparticles in soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:391-402. [PMID: 30597359 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In subsurface bioremediation, electron donor addition promotes microbial Fe(III)-oxide mineral reduction that could change soil pore structure, release colloids, and alter soil surface properties. These processes in turn may impact bioremediation rates and the ultimate fate of contaminants. Columns packed with water-stable, Fe-oxide-rich soil aggregates were infused with acetate-containing artificial groundwater and operated for 20 d or 60 d inside an anoxic chamber. Soluble Fe(II) and soil colloids were detected in the effluent within one week after initiation of the acetate addition, demonstrating Fe(III)-bioreduction and colloid formation. Diffusible Br-, less diffusible 2,6-difluorobenzoate (DFBA), and non-diffusible silica-shelled silver nanoparticles (SSSNP) were used as tracers in transport experiments before and after the bioreduction. The transport of Br- was not influenced by the bioreduction. DFBA showed earlier breakthrough and less tailing after the bioreduction, suggesting alterations in flow paths and soil surface chemistry during the 20-d bioreduction treatment. Similarly, the bioreduction increased the transport of SSSNP very significantly, with mass recovery increasing from 1.7% to 25.1%. Unexpectedly, the SSSNP was completely retained in the columns when the acetate injection was extended from 20 to 60 d, while the mass recovery of DFBA decreased from 89.1% to 84.1% and Br- showed no change. The large change in the transport of SSSNP was attributed to soil aggregate breakdown and colloid release (causing mechanical straining of SSSNP) and the exposure of iron oxide surfaces previously unavailable within aggregate interiors (facilitating attachment of SSSNP). These results suggest a time-dependent fashion of microbial effect on the transport of diffusivity-varying tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Mark Radosevich
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Frank Löffler
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Department of Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Sean M Schaeffer
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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8
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Alimi OS, Farner Budarz J, Hernandez LM, Tufenkji N. Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Aggregation, Deposition, and Enhanced Contaminant Transport. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1704-1724. [PMID: 29265806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1188] [Impact Index Per Article: 198.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litter is widely acknowledged as a global environmental threat, and poor management and disposal lead to increasing levels in the environment. Of recent concern is the degradation of plastics from macro- to micro- and even to nanosized particles smaller than 100 nm in size. At the nanoscale, plastics are difficult to detect and can be transported in air, soil, and water compartments. While the impact of plastic debris on marine and fresh waters and organisms has been studied, the loads, transformations, transport, and fate of plastics in terrestrial and subsurface environments are largely overlooked. In this Critical Review, we first present estimated loads of plastics in different environmental compartments. We also provide a critical review of the current knowledge vis-à-vis nanoplastic (NP) and microplastic (MP) aggregation, deposition, and contaminant cotransport in the environment. Important factors that affect aggregation and deposition in natural subsurface environments are identified and critically analyzed. Factors affecting contaminant sorption onto plastic debris are discussed, and we show how polyethylene generally exhibits a greater sorption capacity than other plastic types. Finally, we highlight key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to improve our ability to predict the risks associated with these ubiquitous contaminants in the environment by understanding their mobility, aggregation behavior and their potential to enhance the transport of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola S Alimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 0C5
| | - Jeffrey Farner Budarz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 0C5
| | - Laura M Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 0C5
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 0C5
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9
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Guan Z, Tang XY, Nishimura T, Katou H, Liu HY, Qing J. Surfactant-enhanced flushing enhances colloid transport and alters macroporosity in diesel-contaminated soil. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 64:197-206. [PMID: 29478640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination by diesel has been often reported as a result of accidental spillage, leakage and inappropriate use. Surfactant-enhanced soil flushing is a common remediation technique for soils contaminated by hydrophobic organic chemicals. In this study, soil flushing with linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS, an anionic surfactant) was conducted for intact columns (15cm in diameter and 12cm in length) of diesel-contaminated farmland purple soil aged for one year in the field. Dynamics of colloid concentration in column outflow during flushing, diesel removal rate and resulting soil macroporosity change by flushing were analyzed. Removal rate of n-alkanes (representing the diesel) varied with the depth of the topsoil in the range of 14%-96% while the n-alkanes present at low concentrations in the subsoil were completely removed by LAS-enhanced flushing. Much higher colloid concentrations and larger colloid sizes were observed during LAS flushing in column outflow compared to water flushing. The X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis of flushed and unflushed soil cores showed that the proportion of fine macropores (30-250μm in diameter) was reduced significantly by LAS flushing treatment. This phenomenon can be attributed to enhanced clogging of fine macropores by colloids which exhibited higher concentration due to better dispersion by LAS. It can be inferred from this study that the application of LAS-enhanced flushing technique in the purple soil region should be cautious regarding the possibility of rapid colloid-associated contaminant transport via preferential pathways in the subsurface and the clogging of water-conducting soil pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Guan
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Soil Physics and Soil Hydrology, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Xiang-Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Taku Nishimura
- Laboratory of Soil Physics and Soil Hydrology, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Katou
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8604, Japan
| | - Hui-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Qing
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
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10
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Qin Q, Chen X, Zhuang J. The surface-pore integrated effect of soil organic matter on retention and transport of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:42-49. [PMID: 28463700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examines a surface-pore integrated mechanism that allows soil organic matter (SOM) to influence the retention and transport of three representative pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)-ibuprofen, carbamazepine, and bisphenol A-in agricultural soil. A series of sorption-desorption batch tests and breakthrough column experiments were conducted using manured and non-manured soils. Results show that SOM could substantially influence the environmental behaviors of PPCPs via two mechanisms: surface-coating and pore-filling. Surface-coating with molecular SOM decreases the sorption of dissociated PPCPs (e.g., ibuprofen) but increases the sorption of non-dissociated PPCPs (e.g., carbamazepine and bisphenol A), while pore-filling with colloidal SOM enhances the retention of all the PPCPs by providing nano-/micro-pores that limit diffusion. The higher retention and lower mobility of PPCPs in soil microaggregates than in bulk soils suggest that SOM content and SOM-altered soil pore structure could exert a coupled effect on PPCP retention. Differences in the elution of PPCPs with low surface tension solution (i.e., 20% ethanol) in the presence and absence of SOM indicate that PPCPs prefer to remain in SOM-filled pores. Overall, ibuprofen has a high environmental risk, whereas carbamazepine and bisphenol A could be readily retarded in agricultural soils (with a loamy clay texture). This study implies that SOM accrual (particularly pore-filling SOM) has a high potential for reducing the off-site risks of PPCPs by increasing soil nano-/micro-porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qin
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Eco-Environment Protection Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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11
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Zhang Q, Hassanizadeh SM. The role of interfacial tension in colloid retention and remobilization during two-phase flow in a polydimethylsiloxane micro-model. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Xu S, Qi J, Chen X, Lazouskaya V, Zhuang J, Jin Y. Coupled effect of extended DLVO and capillary interactions on the retention and transport of colloids through unsaturated porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 573:564-572. [PMID: 27580467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloids are potential vectors of contaminants in the subsurface environment. The knowledge of transport and retention behaviors of colloids is of primary importance for assessment and prediction of subsurface pollution risks. In this study, sand column experiments were conducted to investigate the coupled effects of various interfacial forces on the retention and transport of a hydrophilic silica colloid and a relatively hydrophobic latex colloid. Water column experiments were performed to observe the movement of colloids with air bubbles. Extended DLVO interaction energies and capillary potential energy were calculated to analyze colloid retention at air-water interface (AWI), solid-water interface (SWI), and air-water-solid interface (AWS). Results show that colloid retention decreases due to increase in electrostatic repulsion and Born repulsion as well as decrease in Lewis acid-base attraction and hydrophobic interactions. Water content effect and hydrophobic effect on colloid retention become more predominant in the solution of higher ionic strength. Colloid retention at AWI is minimal (i.e., due to nonexistence of primary and secondary minima) at the ionic strengths <75mM. Capillary potential energy (107-108 KBT) of colloids is 4-5 orders of magnitude greater than the extended DLVO interaction energy (~103 KBT), suggesting that capillary retention at AWS is the primary mechanism controlling colloid retention in unsaturated porous media. Results from this study show that immobile solid phase (e.g., soil) could be much more important than air phase in determining colloid retention in unsaturated porous media under unfavorable conditions, especially in the solutions of high ionic strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Volha Lazouskaya
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jie Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Lu C, Wu Y, Hu S, Raza MA, Fu Y. Mobilization and transport of metal-rich colloidal particles from mine tailings into soil under transient chemical and physical conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8021-8034. [PMID: 26780043 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposed mine tailing wastes with considerable heavy metals can release hazardous colloidal particles into soil under transient chemical and physical conditions. Two-layered packed columns with tailings above and soils below were established to investigate mobilization and transport of colloidal particles from metal-rich mine tailings into soil under transient infiltration ionic strength (IS: 100, 20, 2 mM) and flow rate (FR: 20.7, 41, and 62.3 mm h(-1)), with Cu and Pb as representatives of the heavy metals. Results show that the tailing particles within the colloidal size (below 2 μm) were released from the columns. A step-decrease in infiltration IS and FR enhanced, whereas a step-increase in the IS and FR restrained the release of tailing particles from the column. The effects of step-changing FR were unexpected due to the small size of the released tailing particles (220-342 nm, being not sensitive to hydrodynamic shear force), the diffusion-controlled particle release process and the relatively compact pore structure. The tailing particles present in the solution with tested IS were found negatively charged and more stable than soil particles, which provides favorable conditions for tailing particles to be transported over a long distance in the soil. The mobilization and transport of Cu and Pb from the tailings into soil were mediated by the tailing particles. Therefore, the inherent toxic tailing particles could be considerably introduced into soil under certain conditions (IS reduction or FR decrease), which may result in serious environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lu
- School of Natural and Applied Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yaoguo Wu
- School of Natural and Applied Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China.
| | - Sihai Hu
- School of Natural and Applied Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Raza
- School of Natural and Applied Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yilin Fu
- School of Natural and Applied Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
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14
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Sang W, Stoof CR, Zhang W, Morales V, Gao B, Kay RW, Liu L, Zhang Y, Steenhuis TS. Effect of hydrofracking fluid on colloid transport in the unsaturated zone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:8266-74. [PMID: 24905470 PMCID: PMC4102097 DOI: 10.1021/es501441e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is expanding rapidly in the US to meet increasing energy demand and requires high volumes of hydrofracking fluid to displace natural gas from shale. Accidental spills and deliberate land application of hydrofracking fluids, which return to the surface during hydrofracking, are common causes of environmental contamination. Since the chemistry of hydrofracking fluids favors transport of colloids and mineral particles through rock cracks, it may also facilitate transport of in situ colloids and associated pollutants in unsaturated soils. We investigated this by subsequently injecting deionized water and flowback fluid at increasing flow rates into unsaturated sand columns containing colloids. Colloid retention and mobilization was measured in the column effluent and visualized in situ with bright field microscopy. While <5% of initial colloids were released by flushing with deionized water, 32-36% were released by flushing with flowback fluid in two distinct breakthrough peaks. These peaks resulted from 1) surface tension reduction and steric repulsion and 2) slow kinetic disaggregation of colloid flocs. Increasing the flow rate of the flowback fluid mobilized an additional 36% of colloids, due to the expansion of water filled pore space. This study suggests that hydrofracking fluid may also indirectly contaminate groundwater by remobilizing existing colloidal pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Sang
- National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Institute
of New Rural Development and State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and
Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering and Department of
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Cathelijne R. Stoof
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering and Department of
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department
of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Environmental Science and Policy
Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Verónica
L. Morales
- SIMBIOS
Centre, University of Abertay Dundee, Bell Street, Dundee, DD1
1HG, Scotland
| | - Bin Gao
- Department
of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Robert W. Kay
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering and Department of
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
| | - Lin Liu
- Department
of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yalei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Institute
of New Rural Development and State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and
Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tammo S. Steenhuis
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering and Department of
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
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15
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Water repellency enhances the deposition of negatively charged hydrophilic colloids in a water-saturated sand matrix. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Wang Q, Lee JH, Jeong SW, Jang A, Lee S, Choi H. Mobilization and deposition of iron nano and sub-micrometer particles in porous media: a glass micromodel study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 192:1466-75. [PMID: 21802846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization and deposition of iron nano and sub-micrometer particles (INSMP) in a porous medium were investigated using a water-saturated glass micromodel. The deposition and detachment of INSMP in the micromodel were visualized by taking serial images and experimentally verified by analysis of breakthrough curves. This first visualization study of INSMP fate showed that there were dense aggregations at the pores as the concentration of INSMP increased. The presence of dissolved humic substances (>1 ppm) significantly reduced deposition of suspended particles and enhanced detachment of the deposited particles. The mobility of INSMP in the presence of Pahokee peat fulvic acid standard II (PPFA) was higher than for Pahokee peat humic acid standard I (PPHA) due to the presence of more aromatic groups and the molecular weight in PPFA. Interfacial energy estimation based on the DLVO theory revealed that the adsorption of humic substances onto the INSMP increased the energy barrier and reduced the depth of secondary minimum between particles. The "affinity transition" in the initial deposition of INSMP within the micromodel was observed in the presence of Pahokee peat humic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, 500-712 Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Uyusur B, Darnault CJG, Snee PT, Kokën E, Jacobson AR, Wells RR. Coupled effects of solution chemistry and hydrodynamics on the mobility and transport of quantum dot nanomaterials in the vadose zone. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2010; 118:184-198. [PMID: 21056511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the coupled effects of solution chemistry and hydrodynamics on the mobility of quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles in the vadose zone, laboratory scale transport experiments involving single and/or sequential infiltrations of QDs in unsaturated and saturated porous media, and computations of total interaction and capillary potential energies were performed. As ionic strength increased, QD retention in the unsaturated porous media increased; however, this retention was significantly suppressed in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant in the infiltration suspensions as indicated by surfactant enhanced transport of QDs. In the vadose zone, the non-ionic surfactant limited the formation of QD aggregates, enhanced QD mobility and transport, and lowered the solution surface tension, which resulted in a decrease in capillary forces that not only led to a reduction in the removal of QDs, but also impacted the vadose zone flow processes. When chemical transport conditions were favorable (ionic strength of 5 × 10(-4)M and 5 × 10(-3)M, or ionic strengths of 5 × 10(-2)M and 0.5M with surfactant), the dominating phenomena controlling the mobility and transport of QDs in the vadose zone were meso-scale processes, where infiltration by preferential flow results in the rapid transport of QDs. When chemical transport conditions were unfavorable (ionic strength of 5 × 10(-2)M and 0.5M) the dominating phenomena controlling the mobility and transport of QDs in the vadose zone were pore-scale processes governed by gas-water interfaces (GWI) that impact the mobility of QDs. The addition of surfactant enhanced the transport of QDs both in favorable and unfavorable chemical transport conditions. The mobility and retention of QDs was controlled by interaction and capillary forces, with the latter being the most influential. GWI were found to be the dominant mechanism and site for QD removal compared with solid-water interfaces (SWI) and pore straining. Additionally, ripening phenomena were demonstrated to enhance QDs removal or retention in porous media and to be attenuated by the presence of surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Uyusur
- Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, Hydromechanics and Water Resources Engineering Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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