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Liu H, Zhang Z, Li X, Zhou T, Wang Z, Li J, Li Y, Wang Q. Temperature-phased anaerobic sludge digestion effectively removes antibiotic resistance genes in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171555. [PMID: 38485028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Sludge is a major by-product and the final reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD), consisting of thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) (55 °C) and mesophilic AD processes (37 °C), has been implemented in WWTPs for sludge reduction while improving the biomethane production. However, the impact of TPAD on the ARGs' fate is still undiscovered in lab-scale experiments and full-scale WWTPs. This study, for the first time, investigated the fate of ARGs during the TPAD process across three seasons in a full-size WWTP. Ten typical ARGs and one integrase gene of class 1 integron (intI1) involving ARGs horizontal gene transfer were examined in sludge before and after each step of the TPAD process. TPAD reduced aac(6')-Ib-cr, blaTEM, drfA1, sul1, sul2, ermb, mefA, tetA, tetB and tetX by 87.3-100.0 %. TPAD reduced the overall average absolute abundance of targeted ARGs and intI1 by 92.39 % and 92.50 %, respectively. The abundance of targeted ARGs in sludge was higher in winter than in summer and autumn before and after TPAD. During the TPAD processes, thermophilic AD played a major role in the removal of ARGs, contributing to >60 % removal of ARGs, while the subsequent mesophilic AD contributed to a further 31 % removal of ARGs. The microbial community analysis revealed that thermophilic AD reduced the absolute abundance of ARGs hosts, antibiotic resistant bacteria. In addition, thermophilic AD reduced the abundance of the intI1, while the intI1 did not reproduce during the mesophilic AD, also contributing to a decline in the absolute abundance of ARGs in TPAD. This study demonstrates that TPAD can effectively reduce the abundance of ARGs in sludge, which will suppress the transmission of ARGs from sludge into the natural environment and deliver environmental and health benefits to our society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xuan Li
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ting Zhou
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zhenyao Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jibin Li
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yi Li
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Li L, Liao Q, Liu C, Zhang T, Liu C, Chen Z, Gao R, He Q. Enhanced biological wastewater treatment supplemented with anaerobic fermentation liquid of primary sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119086. [PMID: 37801945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater treatment performance in an inverted A2/O reactor supplemented with fermentation liquid of primary sludge was explored comparing to commercial carbon sources sodium acetate and glucose. Similar COD removal rate was observed with the effluent COD stably reaching the discharge standard for those 3 carbon sources. However, the fermentation liquid distributed more carbon source in the anaerobic zone. Fermentation liquid and sodium acetate tests achieved better nitrogen removal rate than glucose test. The fermentation liquid test showed the best biological phosphorus removal performance with the effluent phosphorus barely reaching the discharge standard. The microbial community characterization revealed that the fermentation liquid test was dominated by phylum Proteobacter in all the anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) (i.e., genera Dechloromonas and unclassified_f__Rhodocyclaceae) were selectively enriched with high abundances (over 20%), which resulted in improved phosphorus removal efficiency. Moreover, the predicted abundances of enzymes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal were also enhanced by the fermentation liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qiqi Liao
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Caihong Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Tanglong Zhang
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Rui Gao
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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Leite WRM, Scandolara Magnus B, Moraes BABD, Kato MT, Florencio L, Costa RHRD, Belli Filho P. Mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge in an intermittent mixing reactor: Effect of hydraulic retention time and organic loading rate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117839. [PMID: 37003223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic digester was operated at mesophilic temperature and with intermittent mixing conditions to treat waste activated sludge. The organic loading rate (OLR) was increased by decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT), and the effect on process performance, digestate characteristics and inactivation of pathogens was investigated. The removal efficiency of total volatile solids (TVS) was also measured by biogas formation. The HRT varied from 50 to 7 days, corresponding to OLR from 0.38 to 2.31 kgTVS.m-3.d-1. The acidity/alkalinity ratio remained within stable limits (lower than 0.6) at 50-, 25- and 17-day HRT; due to an imbalance between the production and consumption of volatile fatty acids, the ratio increased to 0.7 ± 0.2 at HRT of 9 days and 7 days. The highest TVS removal efficiencies were 16, 12 and 9%, which were obtained at 50-, 25- and 17 day-HRT, respectively. Intermittent mixing provided solids sedimentation greater than 30% for almost all HRT tested. The highest methane yields (0.10-0.05 m3.kgTVSfed-1.d-1) were obtained when the reactor was operated at a higher HRT (50-17 days). At lower HRT, methanogenic reactions were likely limited. Zinc and copper were the main heavy metals found in the digestate, while the most probable number (MPN) of coliform bacteria remained below 106 MPN.g TVS-1. Neither Salmonella nor viable Ascaris eggs were found in the digestate. In general, increasing the OLR by decreasing the HRT to 17 days under intermittent mixing conditions provided an attractive alternative to treat sewage sludge despite some limitations due to biogas and methane yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanderli Rogério Moreira Leite
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Scandolara Magnus
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Mario Takayuki Kato
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Lourdinha Florencio
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Campus Universitário Trindade, CEP 88.010-970, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Belli Filho
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Campus Universitário Trindade, CEP 88.010-970, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Li W, Zhu L, Wu B, Liu Y, Li J, Xu L, Huangfu X, Shi D, Gu L, Chen C. Improving mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste by side-stream thermophilic reactor: Activation of methanogenic, key enzymes and metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120167. [PMID: 37290195 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a favorable way to convert organic pollutants, such as food waste (FW), into clean energy through microbial action. This work adopted a side-stream thermophilic anaerobic digestion (STA) strategy to improve a digestive system's efficiency and stability. Results showed that the STA strategy brought higher methane production as well as higher system stability. It quickly adapted to thermal stimulation and increased the specific methane production from 359 mL CH4/g·VS to 439 mL CH4/g·VS, which was also higher than 317 mL CH4/g·VS from single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Further exploration of the mechanism of STA using metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis revealed enhanced activity of key enzymes. The main metabolic pathway was up-regulated, while the dominant bacteria were concentrated, and the multifunctional Methanosarcina was enriched. These results indicate that STA optimized organic metabolism patterns, comprehensively promoted methane production pathways, and formed various energy conservation mechanisms. Further, the system's limited heating avoided adverse effects from thermal stimulation, and activated enzyme activity and heat shock proteins through circulating slurries, which improved the metabolic process, showing great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Baocun Wu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jinze Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
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5
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Hwan Kang K, Yang M, Raza S, Son H, Park YK, Wang J, Kim YM. Mitigation of N 2O emissions via enhanced denitrification in a biological landfill leachate treatment using external carbon from fermented sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139114. [PMID: 37270035 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of an external carbon source (C-source) on the mitigation of N2O gas (N2O(g)) emissions from landfill leachate were investigated via enhanced denitrification using anaerobically fermented sewage sludge. Anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge was conducted under thermophilic conditions with progressively increasing organic loading rates (OLR). Optimal conditions for fermentation were determined based on the efficiency of hydrolysis and the concentrations of sCOD and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as follows: at an OLR of 40.48 ± 0.77 g COD/L·d with 1.5 days of solid retention time (SRT), 14.68 ± 0.59% of efficiency of hydrolysis, 14.42 ± 0.30 g sCOD/L and 7.85 ± 0.18 g COD/L of VFAs. Analysis of the microbial community in the anaerobic fermentation reactor revealed that degradation of sewage sludge might be potentially affected by proteolytic microorganisms producing VFAs from proteinaceous materials. Sludge-fermentate (SF) retrieved from the anaerobic fermentation reactor was used as the external C-source for denitrification testing. The specific nitrate removal rate (KNR) of the SF-added condition was 7.54 mg NO3-N/g VSS·hr, which was 5.42 and 2.43 times higher than that of raw landfill leachate (LL) and a methanol-added condition, respectively. In the N2O(g) emission test, the liquid phase N2O (N2O-N(l)) of 20.15 mg N/L was emitted as N2O(g) of 19.64 ppmv under only LL-added condition. On the other hand, SF led to the specific N2O(l) reduction rate (KN2O) of 6.70 mg N/g VSS hr, resulting in mitigation of 1.72 times the N2O(g) emission compared to under the only-LL-added condition. The present study revealed that N2O(g) emissions from biological landfill leachate treatment plants can be attenuated by simultaneous reduction of NO3-N and N2O(l) during enhanced denitrification via a stable supply of an external C-source retrieved from anaerobically fermented organic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Hwan Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahbaz Raza
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejong Son
- Busan Water Authority, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50804, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Yin Z, Wang J, Wang M, Liu J, Chen Z, Yang B, Zhu L, Yuan R, Zhou B, Chen H. Application and improvement methods of sludge alkaline fermentation liquid as a carbon source for biological nutrient removal: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162341. [PMID: 36828064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline fermentation can reduce the amount of waste activated sludge and prepare sludge alkaline fermentation liquid (SAFL) rich in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can be used as a high-quality carbon source for the biological nutrient removal (BNR) process. This review compiles the production method of SAFL and the progress of its application as a BNR carbon source. Compared with traditional carbon sources, SAFL has the advantages of higher efficiency and economy, and different operating conditions can influence the yield and structure of SCFAs in SAFL. SAFL can significantly improve the nutrient removal efficiency of the BNR process. Taking SAFL as the internal carbon source of BNR can simultaneously solve the problem of carbon source shortage and sludge treatment difficulties in wastewater treatment plants, and further reduce the operating cost. However, the alkaline fermentation process results in many refractory organics, ammonia and phosphate in SAFL, which reduces the availability of SAFL as a carbon source. Purifying SCFAs by removing nitrogen and phosphorus, directly extracting SCFAs, or increasing the amount of SCFAs in SAFL by co-fermentation or combining with other pretreatment methods, etc., are effective measures to improve the availability of SAFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Yin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingran Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiandong Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Boyu Yang
- Nanjing Academy of Resources and Ecology Sciences, No. 606, Ningliu Road, Jiangbei New District, 210044 Nanjing, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Industries Co., Ltd., No. 189, Geguan Road, Liuhe District, Jiangsu 210048, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongfang Yuan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Beihai Zhou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilun Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wu F, Xie J, Xin X, He J. Effect of activated carbon/graphite on enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999647. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The conductive media was capable to enhance anaerobic digestion and promote direct interspecific electron transfer (DIET). In this study, the effects of activated carbon- and graphite-conductive media on promoting anaerobic digestion efficiency of waste activated sludge were experimentally studied. The results show that the 100 mesh-activated carbon group reactor produced a largest biogas yield of 468.2 mL/g VSS, which was 13.8% higher than the blank test. The graphite group reactor with 400-grain size produced a largest biogas yield of 462.9 mL/g VSS, which was 12.5% higher than the blank test. Moreover, the optimal particle size of such two carbon- conductive mediators were optimized for enhancing degradation efficiency of VSS, TCOD, total protein and total polysaccharide of waste sludge. Activated carbon was capable to promote the hydrolytic acidification stage in anaerobic digestion of waste sludge. When the particle size reduced to the optimal particle size, the promoting effect could be strengthened for producing more hydrolytic acidification products for methanogenesis. However, in the graphite group, the methane production is increased by promoting the consumption of hydrolysis and acidification products and is enhanced with the particle size reduction, thus promoting the methanogenesis process, and improving the anaerobic digestion efficiency. Microbial community analysis showed that both activated carbon and graphite cultivated the genera of Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, Nitrososphaeraceae, which promoted the improvement of methane production through the acetate debris methanogenesis pathway.
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Gahlot P, Balasundaram G, Tyagi VK, Atabani AE, Suthar S, Kazmi AA, Štěpanec L, Juchelková D, Kumar A. Principles and potential of thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge to enhance anaerobic digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113856. [PMID: 35850293 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge is rich source of carbon, nutrients, and trace elements and can be subjected to proper treatment before disposal to fulfill government legislation and protect receiving environments. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a well-adopted technology for stabilizing sewage sludge and recovering energy-rich biogas and nutrient-rich digestate. However, a slow hydrolysis rate limits the biodegradability of sludge. In the present study we have attempted to explain the potential of thermal hydrolysis to enhance anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Thermal pretreatment improves biodegradability and recycling of the sludge as an excellent energy and nutrients recovery source at reasonable capital (CAPEX) and operational (OPEX) costs. Other pretreatments like conventional (below/above 100 °C), temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD), microwave and chemically mediated thermal pretreatment have also been accounted. This review provides a holistic overview of sludge's characterization and value-added properties, various techniques used for sludge pretreatment for resource recovery, emphasizing conventional and advanced thermal pretreatment, challenges in scale-up of these technologies, and successful commercialization of thermal pretreatment techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Gahlot
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Gowtham Balasundaram
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - A E Atabani
- Alternative Fuels Research Laboratory (AFRL), Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey; Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800, Ostrava-Poruba, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Surinder Suthar
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, 248 001, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Libor Štěpanec
- Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800, Ostrava-Poruba, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Juchelková
- Department of Electronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 70800, Ostrava-Poruba, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Arvind Kumar
- International Cooperation Division, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, 110 016, India
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Wang M, Chen H, Chang S. Impact of combined biological hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion temperatures on the characteristics of bacterial community and digestate quality in the treatment of wastewater sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127796. [PMID: 35988857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the impact of temperature on the digestate water quality and bacterial community in the treatment of wastewater sludge using biological hydrolysis (BH)-anaerobic digestion (AD). The results showed that the BH 55 °C followed by AD 35 °C or 42 °C was the optimal temperature combination in terms of methane yield and digestate water quality. High-throughput sequencing revealed the key differences in bacterial communities for different BH-AD temperature combinations. Microbial source tracking showed only minor microbial migration from raw sludge and BH pre-treated sludge to the AD stage. Strong correlations between the residual sCOD, BH-AD temperature conditions, and dominant bacteria were identified. Clostridiales, Bacteroidales, Cloacimonadales, Thermotogales, and Anaerolineales were closely related to the digestate water quality and methane yield. Overall, the results showed that AD temperature exerted a dominant impact on methane yield, digestate water quality, and bacterial compositions in the BH-AD of wastewater sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Wang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Huibin Chen
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Sheng Chang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Sani K, Jariyaboon R, O-Thong S, Cheirsilp B, Kaparaju P, Raketh M, Kongjan P. Deploying two-stage anaerobic process to co-digest greasy sludge and waste activated sludge for effective waste treatment and biogas recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115307. [PMID: 35658258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-strength waste activated sludge (WAS) and greasy sludge (GS) were largely generated from canned tuna processing. This study reports the performance of the two-stage anaerobic process for co-digesting WAS and GS. Various WAS:GS mixing ratios of 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, and 100:00 (volatile solids (VS) basis) were investigated in batch acidogenic stage at ambient (30 °C ± 3 °C), 55 °C, and 60 °C temperatures. Subsequently, the effluents from the first stage were used to produce methane in the second methanogenic stage at an ambient temperature. The highest methane yield of 609 mL CH4/g-VSadded was achieved using acidogenic effluents generated from a WAS:GS mixing ratio of 40:60 at an ambient temperature. The first-order kinetic constants (k) for the first (k1) and second (k2) stages were subsequently estimated to be 0.457 d-1 and 0.139 d-1, respectively. The obtained k constants were further used to predict the hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the two continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) in series. Consequently, the calculated 4-day HRT and 20-day HRT for 50-L CSTR1 and 250-L CSTR2, respectively, were used to operate the continuous two-stage process at an ambient temperature by feeding with a 40:60-WAS:GS mixing ratio. A satisfactory methane yield of 470-mL CH4/g-VS along with 75% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was generated. Furthermore, the predicted methane yield of 450-mL CH4/g-VS obtained from the simple kinetic CSTR model resembled the experimental yield with 96% accuracy. The obtained experimental results demonstrate that WAS and GS co-digestion could be successfully accomplished using a practical two-stage anaerobic process operated at an ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliyah Sani
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Rattana Jariyaboon
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Sompong O-Thong
- International College, Thaksin University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Marisa Raketh
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Prawit Kongjan
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani, 94000, Thailand.
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11
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Romero-Güiza MS, Flotats X, Asiain-Mira R, Palatsi J. Enhancement of sewage sludge thickening and energy self-sufficiency with advanced process control tools in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118924. [PMID: 35933817 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
On their path to becoming sustainable facilities, it is required that wastewater treatment plants reduce their energy demand, sludge production, and chemical consumption, as well as increase on-site power generation. This study describes the results obtained from upgrading the sludge line of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant over 6 years (2015-2021) using three advanced process control strategies. The advanced process control tools were designed with the aim of (i) enhancing primary and secondary sludge thickening, (ii) improving anaerobic digestion performance, and (iii) reducing chemical consumption in the sludge line. The results obtained show that the use of advanced process control tools allows for optimising sludge thickening (increasing solids content by 9.5%) and anaerobic digestion (increasing both the removal of volatile solids and specific methane yield by 10%, respectively), while reducing iron chloride and antifoam consumption (by 75% and 53%, respectively). With the strategies implemented, the plant increased its potential energy self-sufficiency from 43% to 51% and reduced de-watered sludge production by 11%. Furthermore, the upgrade required a low investment, with a return of capital expense (CAPEX) in 1.98 years, which presents a promising and affordable alternative for upgrading existing wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Romero-Güiza
- Aqualia, Production Area, Cami Sot de Fontanet, 29, Lleida 25197, Spain
| | - X Flotats
- UPC BarcelonaTECH, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Asiain-Mira
- Aqualia, Innovation and Technology Department, Av. Camino de Santiago, 40, Madrid 28050, Spain
| | - J Palatsi
- Aqualia, Production Area, Cami Sot de Fontanet, 29, Lleida 25197, Spain.
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12
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Sani K, Jariyaboon R, O-Thong S, Cheirsilp B, Kaparaju P, Wang Y, Kongjan P. Performance of pilot scale two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and greasy sludge under uncontrolled mesophilic temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118736. [PMID: 35714466 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Waste-activated sludge (WAS) and greasy sludge (GS) discharged from the canned tuna industry are considerably characterized as harsh organic wastes to be individually treated by using traditional anaerobic digestion. This study was attempted to anaerobically co-digest WAS and GS in continuous pilot scale two-stage process, comprising the first 50 L continuous stir tank reactor (CSTR1) and the second 250 L continuous stir tank reactor (CSTR2). The two-stage co-digesting operation of dewatered WAS:GS ratio of 0.4:1 (g-VS) at ambient temperature with the organic loading rate (OLR) of 12.6 ± 0.75 g-VS/L·d and 2.26 ± 0.13 g-VS/L·d, corresponding to 3-day and 17-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the first and second stage, respectively generated highest methane production rate of 957 ± 86 mL-CH4/L·d, corresponding to methane yield of 423.4 ± 36 mL-CH4/g-VS. Organic removal efficiency obtained was around 67.5% on COD basis. The microbial diversity was depended on the process's activity. Bacteria were mostly detected in the CSTR1, dominating with the phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, whereas genus Methanosaeta archaea were found dominantly in the CSTR2. The economic analysis of process shows payback period (PBP), internal rate of return (IRR), and net present value (NPV) of 3 years, 30%, and 250,177 USD, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential approach to applying the two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process to stabilize both WAS and GS along with generating valuable bioenergy carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliyah Sani
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand
| | - Rattana Jariyaboon
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani 94000, Thailand
| | - Sompong O-Thong
- International College, Thaksin University, Songkhla 90000, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy, MOA of China, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Prawit Kongjan
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani 94000, Thailand.
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13
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Balasundaram G, Vidyarthi PK, Gahlot P, Arora P, Kumar V, Kumar M, Kazmi AA, Tyagi VK. Energy feasibility and life cycle assessment of sludge pretreatment methods for advanced anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127345. [PMID: 35609752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Energy sustainability is one of the critical parameters to be studied for the successful application of pretreatment processes. This study critically analyzes the energy efficiency of different energy-demanding sludge pretreatment techniques. Conventional thermal pretreatment of sludge (∼5% total solids, TS) produced 244 mL CH4/gTS, which could result in a positive energy balance of 2.6 kJ/kg TS. However, microwave pretreatment could generate only 178 mL CH4/gTS with a negative energy balance of -15.62 kJ/kg TS. In CAMBI process, the heat requirements can be compensated using exhaust gases and hot water from combined heat and power, and electricity requirements are managed by the use of cogeneration. The study concluded that <100 ℃ pretreatment effectively enhances the efficiency of anaerobic digestion and shows positive energy balance over microwave and ultrasonication. Moreover, microwave pretreatment has the highest global warming potential than thermal and ultrasonic pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Balasundaram
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Vidyarthi
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Pallavi Gahlot
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Pratham Arora
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - A A Kazmi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee 247667, India.
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14
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Wei W, Shi X, Wu L, Liu X, Ni BJ. Calcium peroxide pre-treatment improved the anaerobic digestion of primary sludge and its co-digestion with waste activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154404. [PMID: 35271918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Primary sludge (PS) and Waste activated sludge (WAS) as two main sludge streams in wastewater treatment plants are commonly anaerobically co-digested, which though may be differently affected by pretreatment. Previous work has found that calcium peroxide (CaO2) pretreatment effectively enhanced anaerobic digestion of WAS. However, the feasibilities of this strategy on PS anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of WAS and PS are still unclear. Herein, this work provided new insights into these systems. Biomethane potential test demonstrated that CaO2 pretreatment at 0.02-0.26 g/g-volatile suspended solids (VSS) promoted anaerobic digestion of PS. Then the feasibility of CaO2 pretreatment for improving anaerobic co-digestion of PS and WAS mixture was confirmed, with the highest improvement in methane production, VSS destruction and sludge reduction being approximately 37.4%, 38.9% and 19.9%, achieved at 0.14 g/g-VSS of CaO2. Process modelling analysis revealed that CaO2 pretreatment increased both degradable faction and actually degraded fraction in sludge mixture. The changes of sludge characteristics via pretreatment and key enzyme activity in sludge anaerobic co-digestion system demonstrated that increased CaO2 concentration resulted in increased soluble organics release from sludge mixture in the pretreatment stage and inhibited activity of coenzyme F420 responsible for methanogenesis. Further mechanism investigation disclosed that OH-, O2- and OH were main contribution factors, and the order of their contributions were OH- >O2- >OH. This work laid the theoretical foundation and provided guidance for the practical application of CaO2 pre-treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xingdong Shi
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Lan Wu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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15
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Donkor KO, Gottumukkala LD, Lin R, Murphy JD. A perspective on the combination of alkali pre-treatment with bioaugmentation to improve biogas production from lignocellulose biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:126950. [PMID: 35257881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a bioprocess technology that integrates into circular economy systems, which produce renewable energy and biofertilizer whilst reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, improvements in biogas production efficiency are needed in dealing with lignocellulosic biomass. The state-of-the-art of AD technology is discussed, with emphasis on feedstock digestibility and operational difficulty. Solutions to these challenges including for pre-treatment and bioaugmentation are reviewed. This article proposes an innovative integrated system combining alkali pre-treatment, temperature-phased AD and bioaugmentation techniques. The integrated system as modelled has a targeted potential to achieve a biodegradability index of 90% while increasing methane production by 47% compared to conventional AD. The methane productivity may also be improved by a target reduction in retention time from 30 to 20 days. This, if realized has the potential to lower energy production cost and the levelized cost of abatement to facilitate an increased resource of sustainable commercially viable biomethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwame O Donkor
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Celignis Limited, Mill Court, Upper William Street, Limerick V94 N6D2, Ireland
| | | | - Richen Lin
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China.
| | - Jerry D Murphy
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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16
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Liew CS, Raksasat R, Rawindran H, Kiatkittipong W, Lim JW, Leong WH, Lam MK, Mohamad M, Cheng YW, Chong CC. Hydrolysis kinetics for solubilizing waste activated sludge at low temperature thermal treatment derived from multivariate non-linear model. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133478. [PMID: 34979202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature thermal pre-treatment is a low-cost method to break down the structure of extracellular polymeric substances in waste activated sludge (WAS) while improving the sludge biodegradability. However, previous models on low temperature thermal pre-treatment did not adequately elucidate the behaviour of sludge hydrolysis process for the duration ranging from 5 to 9 h. Therefore, this work had developed an inclusive functional model to describe the kinetics of sludge hydrolysis for a wide range of treatment conditions (30 °C-90 °C within 0 and 16 h). As compared with treatment duration, the treatment temperature played a greater impact in solubilizing WAS. Accordingly, the 90 °C treatment had consistently produced WAS with the highest degree of solubility. Nonetheless, the mediocre discrepancies between 90 °C and 75 °C may challenge the practicality of increasing the treatment temperatures beyond 75 °C. The effects of treatment duration on soluble chemical oxygen demand, soluble carbohydrate and soluble protein were only significant during the first 4 h, except for humic substances release that continued to increase with treatment duration. Finally, a good fit with R2 > 0.95 was achieved using an inclusive multivariate non-linear model, substantiating the functionality to predict the kinetics of sludge hydrolysis at arbitrary treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Seng Liew
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Ratchaprapa Raksasat
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Hemamalini Rawindran
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Worapon Kiatkittipong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Wai Hong Leong
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Mardawani Mohamad
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Wang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing, Manipal International University, 71800, Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Chi Cheng Chong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing, Manipal International University, 71800, Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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17
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Wang Y, Wei W, Dai X, Ni BJ. Corncob ash boosts fermentative hydrogen production from waste activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151064. [PMID: 34673056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for sustainable development, the recycling and utilization of wastes has received widespread attention. This study proposed a green method of using one waste, corncob ash, to boost microbial the production of hydrogen from another waste, waste activated sludge, during anaerobic fermentation. The corncob ash dosage and the fermentative hydrogen production was positively correlated, and the maximum production of hydrogen reached up to 46.8 ± 1.0 mL/g VS, which was about 3.5 times that of the control group without corncob ash dosage (17.0 ± 0.9 mL/g VS). Mechanistic studies found that corncob ash was beneficial to the solubilization, hydrolysis and acetogenesis processes involved in fermentative hydrogen production process. The microbial community analysis indicated that corncob ash enriched more hydrolytic microorganisms (e.g., Bacteroides sp. and Leptolinea sp.), and has less impact on acidifying microorganisms, compared to the control group. The strategy of using corncob ash to boost the production of hydrogen during anaerobic waste activated sludge fermentation proposed in this study might provide a new waste-control-waste paradigm, making sludge disposal and wastewater treatment more sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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18
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Hu ZY, Wang S, Geng ZQ, Dai K, Ji WX, Tian YC, Li WT, Zeng RJ, Zhang F. Controlling volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge by an alginate-degrading consortium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150730. [PMID: 34606857 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is desirable to control volatile fatty acids (VFAs) recovery from waste activated sludge (WAS) while avoiding the release of N and P. Structural extracellular polymeric substances (St-EPS), with typical components of alginate and polygalacturonic acid, resist the biodegradation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in WAS. Previously, we purposely enriched an alginate-degrading consortium (ADC), but, both controlling VFAs production and cell integrity after dosing with ADC were not investigated. In this work, ADC with a high percentage of the genus Bacteroides (~67%) was further enriched with alginate utilization above 95%. The St-EPS content in WAS was 109.7 ± 3.3 mg/g-VSS, accounting for 31% of EPS. After dosing ADC in the WAS, the main metabolites were acetate (1.6 g/L) and propionate (0.7 g/L), the hydrolysis efficiency was increased to 38%, and the acidification efficiency was increased to 72%. Cell integrity was maintained during WAS fermentation by dosing with ADC according to no P release and unchanged lactate dehydrogenase activity. VFA production was mainly from the EPS, and protein degradation in EPS resulted in low N release (e.g., 212 mg/L from casein and no P release). Consequently, ADC doing offers the advantages of controlling VFAs production from EPS while maintaining cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Hu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zi-Qian Geng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Wen-Xiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ye-Chao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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19
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Enhancing temperature-phased biological hydrolysis for methane generation by the optimization of biological hydrolysis time, inoculum, and sludge bypass. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Wang Z, Liu T, Duan H, Song Y, Lu X, Hu S, Yuan Z, Batstone D, Zheng M. Post-treatment options for anaerobically digested sludge: Current status and future prospect. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 205:117665. [PMID: 34547700 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is the most commonly used sludge treatment technology in large-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), generating two main products, i.e., biogas and anaerobically digested (AD) sludge. Biogas can be used as a source of renewable energy, and AD sludge is often transported for agricultural land application. Land application of AD sludge is confronted with ever-increasing economic and regulatory pressures due to its high water content, high organic content and related odour and pathogen content (if poorly stabilized), as well as potential toxic metal and organic contaminants. To address these challenges, a number of technologies have been developed for the further treatment of AD sludge before final disposal. This review aims to critically evaluate these state-of-the-art technologies. These technologies were categorized based on their primary aims: 1) dewaterability enhancement; 2) solids reduction and stabilization; 3) toxic metals removal. At present, the goal of post-treatment mainly focuses on dewaterability enhancement, to reduce transport costs. In future, we propose that the post-treatment of AD sludge should orient towards multiple aims, i.e., an integrated approach enabling sludge volume reduction, stabilization (including pathogen removal), and metal solubilization simultaneously. Two promising technical routes are suggested as examples, i.e. physio-chemical iron-based advanced oxidation and biological acidic aerobic digestion, while more approaches need to be developed in future studies. We concluded that post-treatment of AD sludge will promote the AD sludge management towards a more economically favourable, socially acceptable, and environmentally sustainable way; however, further development and rigorous evaluation are required for a wider adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yarong Song
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xi Lu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Damien Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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21
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Guo H, Oosterkamp MJ, Tonin F, Hendriks A, Nair R, van Lier JB, de Kreuk M. Reconsidering hydrolysis kinetics for anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge applying cascade reactors with ultra-short residence times. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117398. [PMID: 34252865 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis is considered to be the rate-limiting step in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). In this study, an innovative 4 stages cascade anaerobic digestion system was researched to (1) comprehensively clarify whether cascading configuration enhances WAS hydrolysis, and to (2) better understand the governing hydrolysis kinetics in this system. The cascade system consisted of three 2.2 L ultra-short solids retention times (SRT) continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) and one 15.4 L CSTR. The cascade system was compared with a reference conventional CSTR digester (22 L) in terms of process performance, hydrolytic enzyme activities and microbial community dynamics under mesophilic conditions (35 °C). The results showed that the cascade system achieved a high and stable total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) reduction efficiency of 40-42%, even at 12 days total SRT that corresponded to only 1.2 days SRT each in the first three reactors of the cascade. The reference-CSTR converted only 31% tCOD into biogas and suffered process deterioration at the applied low SRTs. Calculated specific hydrolysis rates in the first reactors of the cascade system were significantly higher compared to the reference-CSTR, especially at the lowest applied SRTs. The activities of several hydrolytic enzymes produced in the different stages revealed that protease, cellulase, amino peptidases, and most of the tested glycosyl-hydrolases had significantly higher activities in the first three small digesters of the cascade system, compared to the reference-CSTR. This increase in hydrolytic enzyme production by far exceeded the increase in specific hydrolysis rate, indicating that hydrolysis was limited by solids-surface availability for enzymatic attack. Correspondingly, high relative abundances of hydrolytic-fermentative bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens as well as the presence of syntrophic bacteria were found in the first three digesters of the cascade system. However, in the fourth reactor, acetoclastic methanogens dominated, similarly as in the reference-CSTR. Overall, the results concluded that using multiple CSTRs that are operated at low SRTs in a cascade mode of operation significantly improved the enzymatic hydrolysis rate and extend in anaerobic WAS digestion. Moreover, the governing hydrolysis kinetics in the cascading reactors were far more complex than the generally assumed simplified first-order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Guo
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Margreet J Oosterkamp
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Tonin
- Group Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hendriks
- Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan 1914 No. 35, 3818 EX Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Revathy Nair
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Merle de Kreuk
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
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22
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Wang M, Chen H, Chang S. Linkage among the combined temperature-retention time condition, microbial interaction, community structure, and process performance in the hydrolysis of waste activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125029. [PMID: 33831728 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed the effect of temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on microbiota in sludge biological hydrolysis (BH). However, few scholars have explored the combined effect of these two critical BH parameters. This study explored the BH performance and community structures over 12 combined temperatures-HRT conditions for temperatures from 35 °C to 55 °C and HRTs from 1.5 days to 6.0 days. Results showed that the 12 combined conditions formed only six distinct community structures with each of them relating to a distinctive range of volatile suspended solid reduction rates. The nonmetric multidimensional scaling and species-species association analysis on the DNA sequencing data revealed that the community structure was greatly driven by the microbial interactions (e.g., heterogeneous commensalism and competition) under the effect of temperature and HRT. This study established the linkages among the combined BH temperature-HRT conditions, microbial interaction, microbial community, and BH performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Wang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Huibin Chen
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Sheng Chang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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23
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Amodeo C, Hattou S, Buffiere P, Benbelkacem H. Temperature phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and digested sludge (DS): Effect of different hydrolysis conditions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 126:21-29. [PMID: 33740710 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis is the most critical stage in high solids Temperature Phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD). In this paper two different Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) types were tested in co-digestion with Digested Sludge (DS) at different temperatures: 37, 55 and 65 °C. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) and Biochemical Methane Production (BMP) were measured and calculated after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h hydrolysis. The results showed that both the BMP and the methane production rate improved. A Solids Retention Time (SRT) of 72 h at a temperature of 55 °C gave the best results: the reaction rate constant k was 0.34 d-1 and the BMP was 250 mLCH4/gMV, which were 47% and 19% higher compared to the reference (0 h hydrolysis). The CODs and VFAs profiles during hydrolysis showed how OFMSW initial characteristics can affect the performance of temperature phased anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Amodeo
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA7429, 69621 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Stephane Hattou
- Arkolia Energies, 16 Rue des vergers, F34130 Mudaison, France
| | - Pierre Buffiere
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, EA7429, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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24
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Calderon AG, Duan H, Meng J, Zhao J, Song Y, Yu W, Hu Z, Xu K, Cheng X, Hu S, Yuan Z, Zheng M. An integrated strategy to enhance performance of anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:116977. [PMID: 33684677 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an essential process in wastewater treatment plants as it can reduce the amount of waste activated sludge (WAS) for disposal, and also enables the recovery of bioenergy (i.e. methane). Here, a new pretreatment method to enhance anaerobic digestion was achieved by treating thickened WAS (TWAS) with ferric (as FeCl3) and nitrite simultaneously for 24-hour at room temperature. Biochemical methane potential tests showed markedly improved degradability in the pretreated TWAS, with a relative increase in hydrolysis rate by 30%. A comparative experiment with the operation of two continuous-flow anaerobic digesters further demonstrated the improvement in biogas quantity and quality, digestate disposal, and phosphorus recovery in the experimental digester. The dosed FeCl3 (i.e. ~6 mM) decreased the pH of TWAS to ~5, which led to the formation of free nitrous acid (FNA, HNO2) at parts per million levels (i.e. ~6 mg N/L), after dosing nitrite at 250 mg NO2--N/L. This FNA treatment caused a 26% increase in methane yield and volatile solids destruction, 55% reduction in the viscosity of sludge in digester, and 24% less polymer required in further digestate dewatering. In addition, the dosed Fe(III) was reduced to Fe(II) which precipitated sulfide and phosphorus, leading to decreased hydrogen sulfide concentration in biogas, and increased percentage of vivianite in the total crystalline iron species in digested sludge. Our study experimentally demonstrated that combined dosing of FeCl3 and nitrite is a useful pretreatment strategy for improving anaerobic digestion of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haoran Duan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jia Meng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yarong Song
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zhetai Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kangning Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Collage of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Collage of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shihu Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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25
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Wu LJ, Li XX, Zhou Q, Yang F, Ren RP, Lyu YK. Towards the understanding of hyperthermophilic methanogenesis from waste activated sludge at 70 °C: Performance, stability, kinetic and microbial community analyses. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 125:172-181. [PMID: 33689991 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is promising for waste activated sludge (WAS) degradation. However, conventional processes were generally stuck with limited hydrolysis and poor pathogen destruction. Hyperthermophilic digestion at 70 °C has drawn attention in overcoming those issues at a relatively low energy requirement and operating difficulties. In order to illuminate its operation characteristics, a single-stage hyperthermophilic digester was controlled at 70 °C and operated continuously to degrade WAS. 88.7 mL/g VSadded of methane yield could be achieved in the hyperthermophilic system, fourfold higher than that in the mesophilic system. Kinetic analysis revealed that hyperthermophilic digestion was advantageous in converting the non-degradable fraction. Consequently, hydrolysis under the hyperthermophilic condition was able to be significantly improved. Above 10 d was necessary for the hyperthermophilic system to gain such a high methane production. In the case of stability, the organic loading of higher than 10.2 g VS/L/d resulted in increasing limitation from methanogenesis and accumulation of propionic, butyric and valeric acids. In addition to the dominant acetoclastic genus Methanothrix for methane production in the hyperthermophilic system, two hydrogenotrophic methanogens Methanospirillum and Methanothermobacter reached 18.84% and 8.31%, respectively. The genus Coprothermobacter, affiliated with the phylum Firmicutes, made more contribution to protein hydrolysis in the hyperthermophilic digester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Rui-Peng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yong-Kang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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26
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Liu R, Gong H, Xu Y, Cai C, Hua Y, Li L, Dai L, Dai X. The transition temperature (42 °C) from mesophilic to thermophilic micro-organisms enhances biomethane potential of corn stover. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143549. [PMID: 33223171 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesophilic and thermophilic digestion has long been considered as preferred temperature ranges for anaerobic digestion. However, in this study, the effects of temperatures (37, 42, 47, and 55 °C) on the biomethane potential of corn stover were conducted with batch experiments, and the highest biomethane potential was at 42 °C. It was inferred that the change of feed materials, e.g., pretreatment caused by acidification (pH 6.0) during the lag time (4 days), was the main driver for higher biomethane potential. The natural pretreatment stimulated by a slight digestive temperature increase to 42 °C can enhance the biomethane potential of corn stover without adding extra acid. Meanwhile, metabolic pathways of methanogens changed from acetoclastic to mixotrophic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Based on these results, the transition temperature (42 °C) from mesophilic to thermophilic micro-organisms could be a promising option for corn stover anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lingling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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27
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Wu LJ, Li XX, Yang F, Zhou Q, Ren RP, Lyu YK. One-step acquirement of superior microbial communities from mesophilic digested sludge to upgrade anaerobic digestion. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128047. [PMID: 33297060 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a promising waste-to-energy alternative technology. However, the efficiency upgrading for conventional mesophilic digestion of organic solid waste is always indispensable. Employing hyperthermophilic or thermophilic microbial community is one of the viable upgrading alternatives. Given the unavailability of the superior microbial communities, mesophilic digested sludge was used as inoculum, and instantly controlled at 70 °C and 55 °C for acclimation of hyperthermophilic and thermophilic inocula, respectively. Waste activated sludge was continuously and synchronously fed into two digesters. After one round, thermophilic digester achieved stable biogas production rate at 0.22 L L-1 d-1, with a methane proportion over 60%, whereas fluctuation was observed in the hyperthermophilic digester, and approximately triple time was needed to reach a relatively stable biogas production rate 0.12 L L-1 d-1. Nevertheless, higher hydrolysis ratio 24.4% was observed in the hyperthermophilic digester despite the lower biogas production. Therefore, methanogenesis step limited the whole anaerobic process for the hyperthermophilic digestion, and digestion at 70 °C was appropriate as a pre-fermentation stage to enhanced hydrolysis. The genus Methanothrix proportion in the thermophilic digester gradually decreased, while another acetoclastic genus Methanosarcina ultimately was acclimated to the dominant methanogen. In addition to Methanothrix, hydrogenotrophic archaea became competitive in the hyperthermophilic digester, with Methanothermobacter dominant at 22.6%. The genus Psychrobacter, affiliated to the phylum Proteobacteria could survive better than the others at 70 °C, with a final proportion of 62.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Rui-Peng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yong-Kang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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28
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Wu LJ, Li XX, Qin ZF, Yang F, Zhou Q, Ren RP, Lyu YK. Establishment and differential performance of hyperthermophilic microbial community during anaerobic self-degradation of waste activated sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110035. [PMID: 32827519 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermophilic anaerobic digestion, especially at 70 °C, has drawn wide attention. In order to acquire the inoculum and digestion characteristics, batch acclimation and continuous operation experiments were conducted under hyperthermophilic (70 °C), thermophilic (55 °C) and mesophilic (35 °C) conditions, respectively. Archaea at each temperature was successfully enriched from the sole-source waste activated sludge (WAS). Hyperthermophilic digestion achieved higher archaea diversity, close to the Shannon index 2.23 for the thermophilic digestion, but the population were not improved, at a 16S rRNA genes 5.99 × 105 copies mL-1. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens, Methanospirillum and Methanothermobacter, dominated in the hyperthermophilic digester, accounting for 27.15%, while the primary phylum Firmicutes was promoted to 36.31%, with the proteolytic genus Coprothermobacter in Firmicutes at 19.50%. Refractory organic fractions were converted more with a higher digestion temperature, which was demonstrated by the fact that the COD/VS increased to 5.8, 5.2 and 4.2 at 70 °C, 55 °C and 35 °C, respectively, at the end of batch acclimation. In addition, the most solubilization for the dominant fraction protein in the WAS occurred at 70 °C as well. Similar hydrolysis ratio, over 10%, and specific hydrolysis rate, around 0.025 g COD (g VSS·d)-1, were achieved at 70 °C and 55 °C. The higher hydrolysis for hyperthermophilic digestion even resulted in a higher methane yield than that for the mesophilic digestion. Nevertheless, contrary to higher hydrolysis, methanogenesis limited hyperthermophilic digestion in WAS degradation, with an ultimate methane yield 71.2 mL g-1 VSadded, despite an almost complete VFA conversion through the continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Rui-Peng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yong-Kang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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29
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Serrano A, Siles JÁ, Gutiérrez MDC, Martín MDLÁ. Comparison of Pre-treatment Technologies to Improve Sewage Sludge Biomethanization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:777-790. [PMID: 33188508 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This research study evaluates various pre-treatments to improve sewage sludge solubilization prior to treatment by mesophilic anaerobic digestion. Microwave, thermal, and sonication pre-treatments were compared as these pre-treatments are the most commonly used for this purpose. The solubilization of sewage sludge was evaluated through the variation in soluble total organic carbon (sTOC, mg/L) and soluble total nitrogen (sTN, mg/L). Thermal and microwave pre-treatments increased sTOC/VS by 19.2% and 83.4% (VS, total volatile solids), respectively, after applying lower specific energy through (20 kJ/g TS, approximately) (TS, total solids) unlike the sonication pre-treatment, which required 136 kJ/g TS. Although sTN content did not increase significantly with the pre-treatments with respect to sTOC, both showed proportional trends. Sonication pre-treatments allowed the highest increase in volatile fatty acids (VFA) with respect to the raw sewage sludge (15% ∆VFA/sTOC). Methane production with and without pre-treatment was also evaluated. Methane production increased by 95% after applying sonication pre-treatment compared to the methane production of raw sewage sludge. Thermal and microwave pre-treatments entailed lower improvements (29% and 20%, respectively). Economically, thermal pre-treatments were the most viable alternative at real scale. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Serrano
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N IV, km 396, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
| | - José Ángel Siles
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N IV, km 396, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Gutiérrez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N IV, km 396, 14071, Cordoba, Spain
| | - María de Los Ángeles Martín
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra. N IV, km 396, 14071, Cordoba, Spain.
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30
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Wang Y, Wei W, Wu SL, Ni BJ. Zerovalent Iron Effectively Enhances Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Production from Waste Activated Sludge through Improving Sludge Biodegradability and Electron Transfer Efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10904-10915. [PMID: 32867479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel zerovalent iron (ZVI) technique to simultaneously improve the production of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) from waste activated sludge (WAS) and enhance WAS degradation during anaerobic WAS fermentation was proposed in this study. Experimental results showed that the production and selectivity of MCFAs were effectively promoted when ZVI was added at 1-20 g/L. The maximum MCFAs production of 15.4 g COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand)/L and MCFAs selectivity of 71.7% were both achieved at 20 g/L ZVI, being 5.3 and 4.8 times that without ZVI (2.9 g COD/L and 14.9%). Additionally, ZVI also promoted WAS degradation, which increased from 0.61 to 0.96 g COD/g VS when ZVI increased from 0 to 20 g/L. The microbial community analysis revealed that the ZVI increased the populations of key anaerobes related to hydrolysis, acidification, and chain elongation. Correspondingly, the solubilization, hydrolysis, and acidification processes of WAS were revealed to be improved by ZVI, thereby providing more substrates (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)) for producing MCFAs. The mechanism studies showed that ZVI declined the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), creating a more favorable environment for the anaerobic biological processes. More importantly, ZVI with strong conductivity could act as an electron shuttle, contributing to increasing electron transfer efficiency from electron donor to acceptor. This strategy provides a new paradigm of transforming waste sludge into assets by a low-cost waste to bring significant economic benefits to sludge disposal and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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31
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Liu W, Yang H, Ye J, Luo J, Li YY, Liu J. Short-chain fatty acids recovery from sewage sludge via acidogenic fermentation as a carbon source for denitrification: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123446. [PMID: 32402992 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants face the problem of a shortage of carbon source for denitrification. Acidogenic fermentation is an effective method for recovering short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as a carbon source from sewage sludge. Herein, the most recent advances in SCFAs production from primary sludge and waste activated sludge are systematically summarised and discussed. New technologies and problems pertaining to the improvement in SCFAs availability in fermentation liquids, including removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphate and extraction of SCFAs from fermentation liquids, are analysed and evaluated. Furthermore, studies on the use of recovered SCFAs as a carbon source for denitrification are reviewed. Based on the above summarisation and discussion, some conclusions as well as perspectives on future studies and practical applications are presented. In particular, the recovery of carbon source/bioenergy from sewage sludge must be optimised considering nutrient removal/recovery simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiongjiong Ye
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinghuan Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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32
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Process performance and microbial interaction in two-stage continuously stirred tank reactors for sludge anaerobic digestion operated at different temperatures. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chen H, Chang S. Dissecting methanogenesis for temperature-phased anaerobic digestion: Impact of temperature on community structure, correlation, and fate of methanogens. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123104. [PMID: 32172088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between the temperature (35, 42, and 55 °C) used in temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) and fate of methanogens between the two anaerobic digestion (AD) phases. Methanogens were profiled by using next generation sequencing (NGS) and droplet digital PCR approaches. The results showed that optimal combined temperatures for methane production were 55 °C during biological hydrolysis (BH) and 35 or 42 °C during AD. BH exhibited much lower archaeal population and was more susceptible to changes in temperature, compared to the AD phase. Additionally, we demonstrated, for the first time, that the BH step could affect the subsequent AD phase by altering AD methanogen composition and improve the stability of the process by enriching the rapidly growing Methanosarcina in the BH-AD process. These results are significant for understanding the mechanisms and stability of methane production in TPAD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Chen
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Sheng Chang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Hülsen T, Lu Y, Rodríguez I, Segura Y, Martínez F, Puyol D, Batstone DJ. Anaerobic digestion of purple phototrophic bacteria - The release step of the partition-release-recover concept. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123125. [PMID: 32197190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) have been proposed as a high-growth, assimilative option for wastewater treatment. The original partition-release-recover concept proposal requires their near complete digestion and release (and subsequent recovery) of energy and nutrients in an anaerobic digester. While the growth (partition) step has been extensively assessed, no work has been done on their anaerobic digestion characteristics (release). Continuous mesophilic (20d) and thermophilic (10d) digestion could achieve around 55% volatile solids degradation (VSD), with 35% (mesophilic) and 20% (thermophilic) nitrogen solubilisation. Post digestion (with/without pretreatment) could increase the VSD to 70% and nitrogen solubilisation to 43%. A number of pretreatment options were tested, with high temperature and sonication being relatively effective, and chemical treatment, and temperature phased digestion being relatively ineffective vs controls. Overall, anaerobic digestion of PPB results in substantial residual particulate material, with an increased nitrogen content, and avenues to effectively utilise this residue should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hülsen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Yang Lu
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Iván Rodríguez
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (GIQA), University Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán, s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Segura
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (GIQA), University Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán, s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (GIQA), University Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán, s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Puyol
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (GIQA), University Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán, s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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35
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Wei W, Wu L, Liu X, Chen Z, Hao Q, Wang D, Liu Y, Peng L, Ni BJ. How does synthetic musks affect methane production from the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136594. [PMID: 31951844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of synthetic musks has led to a large amount of synthetic musks retaining in waste activated sludge (WAS) via wastewater treatment, thereby entering anaerobic digester. However, the potential effects of synthetic musks on WAS anaerobic digestion remain unknown. Herein, this study selected the dominant galaxolide (HHCB) in WAS as the typical synthetic musks and experimentally evaluated the long-term effects on WAS anaerobic digestion using continuous lab-scale anaerobic digesters as well as the mechanisms involved. The results demonstrated that the increased HHCB levels (i.e., 90, 150 and 200 mg/kg-dw) resulted in the decreased methane production, with the methane production at 200 mg/kg-dw being only 80.5 ± 0.1% of the control. Supporting the methane production data, volatile solids (VS) destruction decreased by 18.6 ± 0.9%, which increased 6.8% of volume waste sludge for transfer and disposal. Correspondingly, the microbial community was shifted in the direction against anaerobic digestion. By modeling based on biochemical methane potential tests and investigating the key stages involved in anaerobic digestion, it was found that although the HHCB showed little impacts on the solubilization, WAS hydrolysis-acidification steps was inhibited by HHCB with the decreased hydrolysis rate and methane production potential, thereby causing the deteriorated performance of WAS anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Lan Wu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Qiang Hao
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dongbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Lai Peng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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36
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Wang T, Zhu G, Li C, Zhou M, Wang R, Li J. Anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate using anaerobic baffled reactor assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs and exoelectrogens: Pilot-scale verification. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115329. [PMID: 31785560 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing amount of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant is an emerging challenge in China. The efficient anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate generated from hydrothermally pretreated sewage sludge can promote the disposal of sewage sludge. Herein, a pilot-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs (SFAS) and exoelectrogens was developed to improve its stability and efficiency for filtrate treatment. The results demonstrated that the symbionts of exoelectrogens and SFAS, which were enriched by introduction of electrodes in the ABR system, promoted the degradation of butyric, propionic and acetic acids. Therefore, the COD removal efficiency increased from 74.1% to 86.6% and the methane content increased from 81.5% to 92.2% with methane production rising from 241 to 282 mL/g CODremoved. Furthermore, the economic evaluation indicated that the energy consumption of electrodes was 0.600 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate, the net energy profited from increased methane was 2.344 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate. These results confirmed that the ABR system assisted by symbionts of SFAS and exoelectrogens was feasible for treatment of sludge filtrate in terms of both technical and economic level through pilot-scale verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mingdian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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37
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Wang T, Li C, Wang L, Zhou M, Ning J, Pan X, Zhu G. Anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs and exoelectrogens: Process performance, methane yield and microbial community. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121222. [PMID: 31585287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sludge filtrate is a kind of special organic wastewater generated from hydrothermally pretreated sewage sludge. The efficient treatment of sludge filtrate can promote the development of sludge recycling technology. Herein, the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs (SFAS) and exoelectrogens was applied to treat the sludge filtrate. The influence of fermentation temperature and promotion of methanogenesis via symbionts were focused. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency and methane yield of the ABR system assisted by symbionts at 35 °C (R3) were 11.7% and 11.0% higher than the one at 55 °C (R2), respectively. And the COD removal efficiency and methane yield of the R2 system were 9.1% and 12.9% higher than the traditional ABR system at 55 °C (R1), respectively. Large abundances of exoelectrogens such as Thermincola and Geobacter were found in the R2 and R3 systems, respectively. Moreover, ample Syntrophobacter, Syntrophomonas and Methanobacterium were detected in both R2 and R3 systems. The present research revealed the importance of SFAS, exoelectrogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens for the improvement of methanogenesis. Besides, the mesophilic condition is conducive to enhancing the methanogenesis rate of sludge filtrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Mingdian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Ning
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaofang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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38
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Yan W, Zhang L, Wijaya SM, Zhou Y. Unveiling the role of activated carbon on hydrolysis process in anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122366. [PMID: 31732414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, activated carbon is widely applied in water treatment systems due to its capability of adsorbing inhibitors or stimulating methanogenesis rate. This study demonstrates that powder activated carbon (PAC) also stimulate hydrolysis in anaerobic digestion (AD) of thermal hydrolysis pretreated sludge. This is evidenced with 0.95-1.42 times higher methane generation, 12.46-20.06% higher volatile solids removal and greater refractory compounds degradation stimulated by PAC. Functional prediction reveals that genes coding hydrolytic enzymes and xenobiotics metabolism were highly expressed with the presence of PAC. Furthermore, the stimulated hydrolysis activity was effectively maintained at PAC concentration as low as 0.125 g/L, though methanogenesis rate reduced by 80.30% compared to 1 g/L case. This study reports the role of activated carbon on the hydrolysis which has been ignored previously and the impact of PAC on AD performance in long-term operation. The results improve understanding on the true function of PAC in AD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Yan
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Zhang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Surya Maitri Wijaya
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141 Singapore, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore.
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39
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Xiang Y, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Xu R, Zheng Y, Hu J, Li X, Jia M, Xiong W, Cao J. Influence of nanoscale zero-valent iron and magnetite nanoparticles on anaerobic digestion performance and macrolide, aminoglycoside, β-lactam resistance genes reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122139. [PMID: 31525586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) on anaerobic digestion (AD) performance was investigated through a series of 100-day semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestions. The results indicated that biogas production had increased by 24.44% and 21.66% with the addition of 0.5 g/L Fe3O4 NPs and 1.0 g/L NZVI, respectively. Besides, the abundance of five widespread antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (ermF, ermA, ermT, aac(6')-IB, blaOXA-1) was also studied. The decrease in abundance of aac(6')-IB and blaOXA-1 was observed during the AD process with an average removal rate of 95.69% and 44.82%, respectively. Most of the ARGs, especially ermA and ermT, were less abundant in NZVI group compared with control group. The overall results suggested that the addition of NZVI and Fe3O4 NPs contributed to a better sludge anaerobic digestion performance, and NZVI was beneficial to the removal of some ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Xiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Yanru Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yue Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
| | - Meiying Jia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Weiping Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiao Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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40
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Lv Z, Wu X, Zhou B, Wang Y, Sun Y, Wang Y, Chen Z, Zhang J. Effect of one step temperature increment from mesophilic to thermophilic anaerobic digestion on the linked pattern between bacterial and methanogenic communities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121968. [PMID: 31430671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Process fluctuation caused by temperature modification of anaerobic digestion is routinely monitored via operational parameters, such as pH and gas production, but these parameters are lagging on microbial community performance. In this study, 13C isotope fractionation in CH4 and CO2 of biogas together with microbial community dynamics were applied to evaluate process stability in response to temperature increment. Results showed that the weakening correlated links between Firmicutes affiliated families and Methanomicrobiaceae were found regarding temperature increase. In contrast, Methanosarcinaceae and Methanobacteriaceae strengthened their links with multiple bacterial groups. This suggests that the 13C isotope fractionation in CH4 can predict the collapse of certain microbial interconnections and process instability, the new reinforced microbial links directly reflect the microbial community redundancy for maintaining function of syntrophic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuopeng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, 221116 Xuzhou, China.
| | - Xiayuan Wu
- Bioenergy Research Institute, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road 101, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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41
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Zhang F, Zhang W, Qian DK, Dai K, van Loosdrecht MCM, Zeng RJ. Synergetic alginate conversion by a microbial consortium of hydrolytic bacteria and methanogens. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114892. [PMID: 31351355 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sludge, of which alginate-like biomaterial is a major organic component, is an increasing environmental problem. Thus, efficient anaerobic degradation of alginate provides a new method for sludge utilization. In this study, anaerobic alginate hydrolytic bacteria (AHB) were proposed to enrich with methanogens synergetically to reduce the inhibition of intermediate metabolites. The COD of produced methane reached 80.7 ± 1.9% (n = 4) of initial alginate COD. After considering the microbial growth (8%-18% of COD), a good COD balance indicated that alginate was fully consumed and the main final metabolites were methane and CO2. Methanogenesis could promote alginate conversion by AHB. The enriched bacteria for alginate degradation in this study were different from that of former known AHB. The metabolic pathway of alginate degradation was revealed by metagenomics, in which oligo-alginate lyase was detected in twelve bacteria, and typical carbon metabolic pathways to convert alginate to methane were identified. More studies of bacterial isolation and biofuel production are still needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Ding-Kang Qian
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628, BC, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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42
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Romero-Güiza M, Zahedi S, Monsalvo V, Icaran P, Pijuan M. Nitrite and free nitrous acid sludge pre-treatments to enhance methane production in continuous anaerobic digestion: Comparing process performance and associated costs. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 95:526-534. [PMID: 31351638 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Secondary sludge pre-treatment with free nitrous acid (FNA) has been proven to enhance methane production during anaerobic digestion. However, it is still unclear if the same enhancement can be achieved only using nitrite, without sludge acidification. In this paper, secondary sludge was pre-treated during 5 h with nitrite within the range of 50-250 mg NO2--N/L at neutral pH (6.7). Results obtained from biochemical methane potential tests (BMPs) indicated that sludge pre-treatment at 150 mg NO2--N/L presented the best enhancement of methane production (24% as compared to the control). These conditions were used to pre-treat sludge added in a continuous lab-scale anaerobic digester that operated in parallel to another digester receiving sludge pre-treated with FNA (250 mg NO2--N/L at pH 5.5). Results showed a very similar performance in terms of methane enhancement in both reactors, indicating that sludge acidification is not needed to improve methane yield. A preliminary economic assessment also highlights the need for assessing real chemical costs and national power prices before the implementation of these pre-treatment steps as the associated benefits can significantly change depending on the country where the wastewater treatment plant is located.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maycoll Romero-Güiza
- Department of Innovation and Technology, FCC Aqualia, Balmes Street, 36, 6th Floor, 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Soraya Zahedi
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit Street, 101, H(2)O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Victor Monsalvo
- Department of Innovation and Technology, FCC Aqualia, Balmes Street, 36, 6th Floor, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Icaran
- Department of Innovation and Technology, FCC Aqualia, Balmes Street, 36, 6th Floor, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Pijuan
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit Street, 101, H(2)O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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43
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Ma KL, Li XK, Bao LL. Influence of organic loading rate on purified terephthalic acid wastewater treatment in a temperature staged anaerobic treatment (TSAT) system: Performance and metagenomic characteristics. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:1091-1099. [PMID: 33395796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a temperature staged anaerobic treatment (TSAT) system featured by thermophilic reactor (R1)-mesophilic reactor (R2) co-digestion was introduced to treat PTA wastewater. The process was successively conducted at three organic loading rates (OLRs): 3.34, 4.45, 6.68 kg COD/(m³·d), respectively (OLRs were R1 basis). The results indicated that TSAT system was highly efficient in PTA wastewater treatment at OLR lower than 4.45 kg COD/(m³·d). Miseq sequencing analysis demonstrated that R1 and R2 were predominated by hydrogenotrophic Methanolinea and acetotrophic Methanosaeta, separately. In addition, TA06, Caldisericia and Acetothermia associated groups were highly abundant in R1, whereas Chlorobiaceae and Syntrophobacteraceae were largely observed in R2. Tax4Fun analysis suggested that the important functional capabilities were significantly different between R1 and R2 (P < 0.05). The pathways related to aromatic compounds degradation mainly occurred in mesophilic stage, while the biosynthesis and metabolism pathways were more favored in thermophilic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Li Ma
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Xiang-Kun Li
- School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300000, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Bao
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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Grübel K, Wacławek S, Kuglarz M, Wacławek M, Černík M. Improvement of the thermophilic anaerobic digestion and hygienisation of waste activated sludge by synergistic pretreatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:694-700. [PMID: 30810471 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1579540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid disintegration of waste activated sludge (WAS) before the thermophilic anaerobic stabilization of WAS contributes to the intensification of organic compounds decomposition and increases the effectiveness of the anaerobic stabilization process compared to the fermentation of raw WAS. This article investigates the influence of a chemical-thermal pretreatment procedure with the use of NaOH and freezing by the dry ice on WAS. We found that the hybrid pretreatment of WAS causes higher concentration of released organics in the liquid phase (represented here as a change in soluble chemical oxygen demand - SCOD value) in comparison to these disintegration techniques used separately. The use of disintegrated WAS (WASD) as an additional material in the digester chambers impacts (varying on its proportion added), the generation of biogas and its yield. The recorded amount of the produced biogas and biogas yield after 21 days of fermentation increased by 26.6% and 2.7%, respectively (in comparison to blank sample). In addition, it was observed that the hybrid process before anaerobic stabilization contributes to a higher hygienisation of the digested sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudiusz Grübel
- a Faculty of Materials Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Bielsko-Biala , Bielsko-Biala , Poland
| | - Stanisław Wacławek
- b Centre for Nanomaterials Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec , Liberec , Czech Republic
| | - Mariusz Kuglarz
- a Faculty of Materials Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Bielsko-Biala , Bielsko-Biala , Poland
| | - Maria Wacławek
- c Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology , University of Opole , Opole , Poland
| | - Miroslav Černík
- b Centre for Nanomaterials Advanced Technologies and Innovation Technical University of Liberec , Liberec , Czech Republic
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45
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Disintegration of Wastewater Activated Sludge (WAS) for Improved Biogas Production. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en12010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization, the number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) has increased, and so has the associated waste generated by them. Sustainable management of this waste can lead to the creation of energy-rich biogas via fermentation processes. This review presents recent advances in the anaerobic digestion processes that have led to greater biogas production. Disintegration techniques for enhancing the fermentation of waste activated sludge can be apportioned into biological, physical and chemical means, which are included in this review; they were mainly compared and contrasted in terms of the ensuing biogas yield. It was found that ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted disintegration provides the highest biogas yield (>500%) although they tend to be the most energy demanding processes (>10,000 kJ kg−1 total solids).
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Xu Z, Zhou J, Liu Y, Gu L, Wu X, Zhang X. Effect of hydrothermal carbonization on dewatering performance of dyeing sludge. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38574-38581. [PMID: 35559073 PMCID: PMC9090618 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05350b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of hydrothermal carbonization (hydrothermal carbonization temperature, hydrothermal carbonization time, pH) on the dehydration performance of dyeing sludge were studied. The specific resistance, viscosity and floccular morphology of sludge before and after hydrothermal carbonization were analyzed. The physical and chemical properties of the liquid were also determined. The results showed that the dehydration performance of sludge was optimum, when the reaction temperature was 180 °C, the reaction time 4 h and the pH was 5.0. Here the specific resistance to filtration and viscosity were 93.69% and 96.78% lower, respectively, than the control group. When the sludge was hydrothermally carbonized, the sludge flocs were broken due to extreme conditions of high temperature and high pressure, which formed a porous mesh structure with better water permeability. The cohesion of the sludge colloidal structure was reduced, the capillary suction time was reduced by 88.89%, and the sludge dewatering performance was improved. This study shows the feasibility of the use of hydrothermal carbonization in sludge reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjia Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China +86-25-58139929
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Yongdi Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Lifeng Gu
- Zhejiang Heze Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. Changxing China
| | - Xujun Wu
- Zhejiang Heze Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. Changxing China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China +86-25-58139929
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47
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Pre-treatments to enhance the biodegradability of waste activated sludge: Elucidating the rate limiting step. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1434-1469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Buffière P, Dooms M, Hattou S, Benbelkacem H. The hydrolytic stage in high solids temperature phased anaerobic digestion improves the downstream methane production rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 259:111-118. [PMID: 29549830 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of the hydrolytic stage in high solids temperature phased anaerobic digestion was investigated with a mixture of cattle slurry and maize silage with variable ratios (100, 70 and 30% volatile solids coming from cattle slurry). It was incubated for 48 h at 37, 55, 65 and 72 °C. Soluble chemical oxygen demand and biochemical methane potential were measured at 0, 24 and 48 h. Higher temperatures improved the amount of solubilized COD, which confirmed previously reported results. Nevertheless, solubilization mostly took place during the first 24 h. The rate of methane production in post-hydrolysis BMPs increased after 48 h hydrolysis time, but not after 24 h. The first order kinetic constant rose by 40% on average. No correlation was observed between soluble COD and downstream methane production rate, indicating a possible modification of the physical structure of the particulate solids during the hydrolytic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Buffière
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory - Wastes Water Environment Pollutions, EA 7429, 9 rue de la physique, F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - M Dooms
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory - Wastes Water Environment Pollutions, EA 7429, 9 rue de la physique, F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Arkolia Energies, 16 rue des vergers, F-34130 Mudaison, France
| | - S Hattou
- Arkolia Energies, 16 rue des vergers, F-34130 Mudaison, France
| | - H Benbelkacem
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory - Wastes Water Environment Pollutions, EA 7429, 9 rue de la physique, F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Wei W, Wang Q, Zhang L, Laloo A, Duan H, Batstone DJ, Yuan Z. Free nitrous acid pre-treatment of waste activated sludge enhances volatile solids destruction and improves sludge dewaterability in continuous anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 130:13-19. [PMID: 29190512 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated that pre-treatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) with free nitrous acid (FNA i.e. HNO2) enhances the biodegradability of WAS, identified by a 20-50% increase in specific methane production in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. This suggests that FNA pre-treatment would enhance the destruction of volatile solids (VS) in an anaerobic sludge digester, and reduce overall sludge disposal costs, provided that the dewaterability of the digested sludge is not negatively affected. This study experimentally evaluates the impact of FNA pre-treatment on the VS destruction in anaerobic sludge digestion and on the dewaterability of digested sludge, using continuously operated bench-scale anaerobic digesters. Pre-treatment of full-scale WAS for 24 h at an FNA concentration of 1.8 mg NN/L enhanced VS destruction by 17 ± 1% (from 29.2 ± 0.9% to 34.2 ± 1.1%) and increased dewaterability (centrifuge test) from 12.4 ± 0.4% to 14.1 ± 0.4%. Supporting the VS destruction data, methane production increased by 16 ± 1%. Biochemical methane potential tests indicated that the final digestate stability was also improved with a lower potential from FNA treated digestate. Further, a 2.1 ± 0.2 log improvement in pathogen reduction was also achieved. With inorganic solids representing 15-22% of the full-scale WAS used, FNA pre-treatment resulted in a 16-17% reduction in the volume of dewatered sludge for final disposal. This results in significantly reduced costs as assessed by economic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia; Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew Laloo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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50
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Dooms M, Benbelkacem H, Buffière P. High solid temperature phased anaerobic digestion from agricultural wastes: Putting several reactors in sequence. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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