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Wang J, Shi D, Ma X, Yang L, Ding S, Liu E. Application of high-resolution techniques in the assessment of the mobility of Cr, Mo, and W at the sediment-water interface of Nansi Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:980. [PMID: 37480431 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies on the simultaneous behavior of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W) belonging to group VIB of the periodic table. Herein, based on high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technology, the vertical distribution characteristics of DGT-labile and soluble Cr, Mo, and W in two lakes of Nansi Lake (Weishan Lake and Dushan Lake) were analyzed. In addition, the net diffusion fluxes and R-value (CDGT/Csol) were used to evaluate the mobility and release risk of metals at the sediment-water interface. The results showed that the DGT-labile concentrations of the three metal elements (Cr, Mo, and W) in Weishan Lake were higher than those in Dushan Lake, both in overlying water and sediment. This is mainly due to the dredging of the Dushan Lake area, which can permanently remove the polluted sediment in the lake. Meanwhile, the exogenous input is relatively high near the tourist area of Weishan Island. The net diffusion fluxes indicate that the W has a potential release risk of diffusion to the overlying water in Dushan Lake. The release of Cr, Mo, and W is thought to be related to the reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides based on Pearson correlation coefficients. The R-values of Cr and W indicate that Cr and W belong to the partial continuity case. The R-value of Mo was lower than the minimum value, meaning that Mo belongs to the single diffusion type and it is difficult for Mo sediments to supply pore water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Dan Shi
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Yang C, Yang Z, Hou L, Ouyang L, Zhao X, Chen J, Zhao P. Remobilization characteristics and diffusion kinetic processes of sediment zinc (Zn) in a tidal reach of the Pearl River Estuary, South China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131692. [PMID: 37257381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of the remobilization mechanism of trace metals in estuarine sediments remain challenging because of dynamic hydrochemical conditions. This study integrated a chemical sequential extraction procedure (BCR), the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and high-resolution dialysis techniques, and Visual MINTEQ ver.3.1 to identify the seasonal mobilization characteristics of sediment Zn within a tidal reach, South China. The mobility of sediment Zn based on the BCR procedure contradicted the results of DGT analysis. In summer, reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn oxides was the key driver of sediment Zn remobilization; during winter, cation exchange reactions facilitated the mobilization of Zn in the brackish water zone. The time-dependence ratios of DGT-labile Zn and dissolved Zn concentrations (mean: 0.34-0.81) indicated the sediment solid phase had partially sustained capacity to resupply Zn to the porewater in both seasons. Sediments generally functioned as a source of Zn in the freshwater zone with organically complexed Zn being diffusively released into the water column at rates of 0.3-15.5 μg·m-2·d-1. In the brackish water zone, the dominant Zn species were transformed into free Zn ions and Zn-inorganic complexes and migrated into sediment, with respective influxes of 18.9-70.7 μg·m-2·d-1 and 18.9-68.3 μg·m-2·d-1, which shifted to a sink of Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zaizhi Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Zhang X, Wang B, Pan F, Cai Y, Wu X, Liu H, Guo Z. Potential pollution assessment of labile trace metals in Xixi River estuary sediments in Xiamen, China. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 250:104055. [PMID: 35917655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The release of trace metals caused by industrial effluents and anthropogenic activities has been recorded in the Xixi River estuary, southern China. However, a thorough understanding of the behavior of trace heavy metals in Xixi River sediments is lacking. A total of 12 sediment cores were collected in June and December in the upper estuary section and mouth of the estuary. Here, an in situ high-resolution sampling technique, namely, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), was employed to acquire profiles of trace element concentrations and the release of bioavailable metals from sediments in different seasons. A three-step Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method was used to explore the chemical speciation of trace metals in different seasons and to thereby assess the release potential of trace elements in sediments. The BCR sequential extraction results showed that the trace metals Fe, Mn, Co and Pb were mainly in the residual fraction, which rarely influences living organisms. The total mobile fractions (F1 + F2 + F3) of all trace metals were higher in winter than in summer, suggesting that accumulation occurred from summer to winter. DGT measurements showed that the intensity of sulfate reduction was higher in summer than in winter because of the high temperatures and high organic matter in summer. The intensity of sulfate and Mn(III/IV) reduction increased from the upper estuary section to the lower estuary. Fe(III) reduction decreased in summer but increased slowly in winter. The Pearson correlation results showed that the release of DGT-labile Co in pore water was related to Mn(III/IV) reduction, while the release of DGT-labile Pb was basically not controlled by the Fe-Mn-S redox transition. Abnormally high DGT-labile Pb concentrations were observed at the sampling station (XR3) closest to the estuary in winter, which might have been caused by the high Pb content in the local micro-sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Feng Pan
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Xindi Wu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Huatai Liu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
| | - Zhanrong Guo
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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Qin C, Xu X, Peck E. Metal Removal by a Free Surface Constructed Wetland and Prediction of Metal Bioavailability and Toxicity with Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) and Biotic Ligand Model (BLM). ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 69:994-1004. [PMID: 34811569 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-021-01567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The H-02 constructed wetland is a free water surface wetland to remove copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) from the industrial wastewater. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the wetland from 2018 to 2019 and coupled the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGTs) and biotic ligand model (BLM) to explore metal speciation and bioavailability in wetland waters. Surface water samples were collected and piston DGTs were deployed in different sites of the wetland. The H-02 wetland functioned well during the sampling period with high removal efficiencies (Cu: 73.8 ± 1.2% and Zn: 75.2 ± 16.0%). In our study, with the assumption that the combination of BLM predicted inorganic metals species, BLM Cu(II) and BLM Zn(II), were the bioavailable and toxic species, DGT-Cu did not correlate to BLM Cu(II) (P = 0.47), but DGT-Zn positively correlated to BLM Zn(II) (R2 = 0.35, P < 0.001). Compared to the modeling results of BLM, DGT-indicated labile and/or bioavailable Cu included not only free Cu ions and inorganic Cu complexes but also a high percentage of Cu-labile organic matter complexes. DGT-indicated Zn included free Zn ion, inorganic Zn, and only a low percentage of Zn-labile organic matter complexes. Our findings illustrated the appropriate use of passive sampling techniques and geological modeling when biomonitoring could be substituted. The close monitoring of metal concentrations, speciation, and bioavailability helps us understand metal biogeochemistry and metal removal processes and ensure the long-term sustainability of the constructed wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Qin
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia. PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA.
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia. PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA
| | - Erin Peck
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia. PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC, 29802, USA
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Passive sampling as an alternative strategy to monitor metals and PAHs trends at an upstream and rural catchment: a French case study. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-04990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study presents an alternative strategy to conventional spot sampling for monitoring metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at an upstream, rural and karstic catchment in the north eastern part of France, in order to get insight into their spatial and temporal variability. Passive samplers, as diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and semipermeable membrane device (SPMD), are monthly deployed from August 2012 to March 2016 at five of the catchment monitoring stations located on the Saulx and Ornain Rivers. An improvement of the frequency of quantification (by a factor 2 to 8, depending on the targeted compound) is observed allowing us to better identify spatial and temporal variability. For instance, the upstream monitoring station on the Saulx River is characterized by high concentrations of Ni and Mn whereas the upstream monitoring station on the Ornain River is enriched in Cu and Zn. Furthermore, five metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) and three PAHs (fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene) show significant variations with water levels when grouped in three categories (low, medium and high water levels) in relation with hydrological and climatic patterns. This study leads to a more accurate assessment of the background pollution in metals and PAHs within surface waters than when based on spot sampling data.
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Gao L, Li R, Liang Z, Hou L, Chen J. Seasonal variations of cadmium (Cd) speciation and mobility in sediments from the Xizhi River basin, South China, based on passive sampling techniques and a thermodynamic chemical equilibrium model. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 207:117751. [PMID: 34731658 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the speciation and mobilization mechanisms of potentially toxic metals in sediments is critical to aquatic ecosystem health and contamination remediation in urban rivers. In this study, chemical sequential extraction, a thermodynamic chemical equilibrium model (Visual MINTEQ ver. 3.1), diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT), and high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques were integrated to identify seasonal variations in cadmium (Cd) mobility in sulfidized sediments. Acid-soluble Cd was the dominant geochemical fraction in sediments, followed by residual, oxidizable, and reducible Cd. The DGT-labile Cd concentration was associated with various geochemical processes and was independent of the total concentration and geochemical fractionation of Cd in sediments. Sulfate reduction facilitated the formation of insoluble CdS and induced low Cd concentrations in sediment porewater. Sulfide oxidation was principally responsible for lowered porewater pH and elevated Cd concentrations in summer. Strongly acidic conditions promoted release of sediment Cd but might reduce the binding efficiency of Chelex resin gel for dissolved Cd, leading to underestimation of the mobility of sediment Cd. Sediments generally functioned as a sink for Cd in winter and shifted to acting as a source in summer, releasing Cd into the overlying water mainly as Cd-S complexes with high potential to migrate downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Rui Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zuobing Liang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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7
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Macoustra GK, Jolley DF, Stauber JL, Koppel DJ, Holland A. Speciation of nickel and its toxicity to Chlorella sp. in the presence of three distinct dissolved organic matter (DOM). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:128454. [PMID: 33077193 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nickel is often a metal of interest in regulatory settings given its increasing prevalence in disturbed freshwaters and as a known toxicant to fish and algae. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a toxicity modifying factor for nickel and a ubiquitous water physicochemical parameter. This study investigated the effect of DOM concentration and source on the chronic toxicity of nickel to Chlorella sp. using three DOM at two concentrations (3.1 ± 1.8 and 12 ± 1.3 mg C/L). Nickel toxicity to Chlorella sp. was not strongly influenced by DOM concentration. In the absence of DOM, the 72-h EC50 for Chlorella sp. was 120 μg Ni/L. In the low DOM treatment, nickel toxicity was either unchanged or slightly increased (87-140 μg Ni/L) and unchanged or slightly decreased in the high DOM treatment (130-240 μg Ni/L). DOM source also had little effect on nickel toxicity, the largest differences in nickel toxicity occurring in the high DOM treatment. Labile nickel (measured by diffusive gradients in thin-films, DGT) followed strong linear relationships with dissolved nickel (R2 > 0.97). DOM concentration and source had limited effect on DGT-labile nickel. DGT-labile nickel decreased with increasing DOM concentration for only one of the three DOM. Modelled labile nickel concentrations (expressed as maximum dynamic concentrations, cdynmax) largely agreed with DGT-labile nickel and suggested that toxicity is explained by free Ni2+ concentrations. This study confirms that nickel toxicity is largely unaffected by DOM concentration or source and that both measured (DGT) and modelled (cdynmax and free Ni2+) nickel concentrations can explain nickel toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella K Macoustra
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Earth, Atmosphere and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia; CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | | | - Darren J Koppel
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Aleicia Holland
- CSIRO Land and Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2232, Australia; La Trobe University, School of Life Science, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Albury/Wodonga Campus, VIC, 3690, Australia.
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8
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Xu X, Peck E, Fletcher DE, Korotasz A, Perry J. Limitations of Applying Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films to Predict Bioavailability of Metal Mixtures in Aquatic Systems with Unstable Water Chemistries. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2485-2495. [PMID: 32845529 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study accessed the use of diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT) as a surrogate for estimating the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in a freshwater mussel. We coupled DGTs with mussels and deployed them in a constructed wetland. Water quality parameters were measured for a 4-d period on 3 continuous occasions during 12-d trials in the summer and winter; metal speciation was modeled for each occasion. Higher cumulative rainfall and water turbidity during the summer trial resulted in higher particulate metal concentrations compared to the winter trial. Mussel accumulated metals did not correlate with DGT-measured metals but positively correlated with particulate metals in the summer because filtering particulate food mainly contributed to the bioaccumulation. In contrast, the winter trial suggested a positive correlation between metal bioaccumulation and DGT-measured metals because uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from water mainly contributed to the bioaccumulation, and the labile metal species complexed with DOM generally overlapped with DGT-targeted metals. Though Cu has a higher affinity for organic ligands than Zn, the interactions between Cu and Zn in the mixture did not impede their uptake and bioaccumulation. The deployment duration when DGTs and mussels are coupled to compare metal bioavailability should be no less than 12 d so that mussels have enough time to accumulate contaminants from the environmental media. In summary, DGT is a convenient surrogate for biomonitoring, but it may not fit the real environment such as the aquatic system with unstable water chemistries. Geochemical modeling is good at calculating metal speciation but inferior to DGT in predicting bioavailability and mimicking bioaccumulation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2485-2495. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xu
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
| | - Erin Peck
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dean E Fletcher
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alexis Korotasz
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
| | - John Perry
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, South Carolina, USA
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Zhang M, Li C, Yang L, Ding S, Ma X, Zhang Y, Zhao T. Application of DGT/DIFS combined with BCR to assess the mobility and release risk of heavy metals in the sediments of Nansi Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:3765-3778. [PMID: 32594418 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal contamination of the aquatic ecosystem is still prevalent even after reduction of the external anthropogenic inputs of the metals. The release of labile heavy metals from the sediments into the water is a potential risk, responsible for the contamination of the aquatic system. Herein, samples of sedimentary column cores were collected in Nansi Lake, and the distribution profiles of the labile and soluble metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were obtained by the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and the high-resolution dialysis (HR-peeper) technique. Furthermore, the mobility, bioavailability and release risk of the heavy metals were assessed using the results of geochemical sequential extraction, DGT as well as the DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) model. The results showed that the profile characteristics of the DGT-labile and soluble heavy metals showed irregular distribution in the sediment cores and Cd, Pb, Zn had an obvious positive correlation with Fe/Mn (p < 0.05). Ni, Cu, and Zn existed primarily in the residual fraction (accounting for 58-76%), while Cd and Pb existed in the reducible fraction (accounting for 50-67%). The Cd and Ni (0.027-0.185) had higher mobility coefficients compared with Pb, Cu, and Zn (0-0.011), and positive diffusive fluxes also proved that Cd and Ni were easy to be released from the sediments. In addition, the R values of five metals (0.18-0.85) ranged between Rdiff to 0.95, indicating that all the metals had partially sustained case from the sediments solid phase. Based on the DIFS model, the five metals had weak mobility from the sediment to pore water, but the release risks in the Nansi Lake should also be of concern, especially for the highly mobile Cd and Ni in the Dushan Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Cai Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - You Zhang
- SHUIFA Planning & Design Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250100, China
- Shandong Lake Basin Management and Informationize Engineering Technology Research Center, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- SHUIFA Planning & Design Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250100, China
- Shandong Lake Basin Management and Informationize Engineering Technology Research Center, Jinan, 250000, China
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10
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Rapin A, Grybos M, Rabiet M, Mourier B, Deluchat V. Phosphorus mobility in dam reservoir affected by redox oscillations: An experimental study. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 77:250-263. [PMID: 30573089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The internal sedimentary phosphorus (P) load of aquatic systems is able to support eutrophication, especially in dam-reservoir systems where sedimentary P stock is high and where temporary anaerobic conditions occur. The aim of this study therefore is to examine the response of sedimentary P exposed to redox oscillations. Surface sediments collected in the Champsanglard dam-reservoir (on the Creuse River, France) were subjected to two aerobic phases (10 and 12 days) alternated with two anaerobic periods (21 and 27 days) through batch incubations. The studied sediment contained 77 ± 3 μmol/g DW of P, mainly associated with the ascorbate fraction (amorphous Fe/Mn oxyhydroxides). The used sediment was rich in organic matter (OM) (21% ± 1%) with primarily allochthone signature. Our results showed that redox oscillations enhance dissolved inorganic phosphorus release at sediment/water interface. During the first anaerobic stage, the P release was mainly controlled by the dissolution/precipitation of iron minerals. The more pronounced increase of P release during the second anaerobic stage (44%) was due to various mechanisms related to the change in quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM), namely a higher SUVA254 and humification indices. The release of more refractory DOM (rDOM) served to lower the microbial metabolism activity, possibly favored iron oxyhydroxide aggregation and thus limiting iron reduction. In addition, rDOM is able to compete for mineral P sorption sites, leading to a greater P release. In reservoir with predominant allochthone OM input, the release of more aromatic DOM therefore plays an important role in P mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rapin
- Université de Limoges, PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Malgorzata Grybos
- Université de Limoges, PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Marion Rabiet
- Université de Limoges, PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Brice Mourier
- Université de Limoges, PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Deluchat
- Université de Limoges, PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France.
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11
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Muresan B, Metzger É, Jézéquel D, Cossa D. A multiscale study of mercury transformations and dynamics at the chemocline of the Petit-Saut tropical reservoir (French Guiana). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:1401-1412. [PMID: 29554760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated, on both metric and centimetric scales, mercury (Hg) transformations and dynamics within a water column chemocline of a tropical reservoir. Data collected included conventional measurement of Hg in water samples, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) assessments, and thermodynamic speciation modeling in order to portray the biogeochemical processes that control elemental Hg (EM) and dissolved monomethylated Hg (MeHgD) production. The primary contribution of this study is demonstration that the DGT technique can be successfully implemented to examine labile Hg compound mobilization, and estimation of how local substratum facilitates Hg reduction and methylation reactions. DGT profiles with a resolution of 1cm revealed a fine sequence of prominent Hg reduction/oxidation reactions at the chemocline level. This is interpreted as a manifestation of both: i) kinetic effects capable of arising inside the diffusive layer of DGT devices, and ii) extremely localized production or consumption of reducible and methylable Hg. Another key result obtained at the metric scale is that EM and MeHgD production at a water column chemocline are intricately linked, as both are fueled by nutrients episodically released during the decomposition of falling epilimnetic organic particles or inhibited by dissolved organic matter and inorganic compounds continuously transported from the deeper monimolimnion. Finally, it is worth noting that the chemocline acts as an accumulation and recycling domain for falling MeHg-loaded organic particles, whereas the high primary productivity layer in the epilimnion represents the principal reactor with respect to Hg methylation and reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Édouard Metzger
- LPG-BIAF, Université d'Angers, UMR CNRS 6112, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Didier Jézéquel
- IPGP UMR CNRS 7154, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Cossa
- ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38058 Grenoble, France
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12
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Valencia-Avellan M, Slack R, Stockdale A, Mortimer RJG. Evaluating water quality and ecotoxicology assessment techniques using data from a lead and zinc effected upland limestone catchment. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 128:49-60. [PMID: 29080409 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Point and diffuse sources associated with historical metal ore mining are major causes of metal pollution. The understanding of metal behaviour and fate has been improved by the integration of water chemistry, metal availability and toxicity. Efforts have been devoted to the development of efficient methods of assessing and managing the risk posed by metals to aquatic life and meeting national water quality standards. This study focuses on the evaluation of current water quality and ecotoxicology techniques for the metal assessment of an upland limestone catchment located within a historical metal (lead ore) mining area in northern England. Within this catchment, metal toxicity occurs at circumneutral pH (6.2-7.5). Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) based on a simple single concentration approach like hardness based EQS (EQS-H) are more overprotective, and from sixteen sites monitored in this study more than twelve sites (>75%) failed the EQSs for Zn and Pb. By increasing the complexity of assessment tools (e.g. bioavailability-based (EQS-B) and WHAM-FTOX), less conservative limits were provided, decreasing the number of sites with predicted ecological risk to seven (44%). Thus, this research supports the use of bioavailability-based approaches and their applicability for future metal risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Slack
- The Royal Horticultural Society, Harlow Carr, Crag Lane, Beckwithshaw, Harrogate, North Yorkshire, HG3 1QB, UK
| | - Anthony Stockdale
- School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JZ, UK
| | - Robert John George Mortimer
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF, UK
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13
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Sierra J, Roig N, Giménez Papiol G, Pérez-Gallego E, Schuhmacher M. Prediction of the bioavailability of potentially toxic elements in freshwaters. Comparison between speciation models and passive samplers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:211-218. [PMID: 28667848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to predict the bioavailability of the Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) Cd, Pb, Hg, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cr and Se in 6 sites within the Ebro River basin. In situ Diffusive gradient in thin-films (DGTs) and classical sampling have been used and compared. The potentially bioavailable fractions of each PTE was estimated by modelling their chemical speciation using three programs (WHAM 7.0, Visual MINTEQ 3.1 and Bio-met), following the suggestions published in recent European regulations. Results of the equilibrium-based models WHAM 7.0 and Visual MINTEQ 3.1 indicate that As, Cd, Ni, Se and Zn, predominate as free metals ions or forming inorganic soluble complexes. Copper, Pb and Hg bioavailability is conditioned by their affinity to dissolved humic substances. According to Visual MINTEQ 3.1, Cr is subjected to redox reactions, being Cr (VI) present (at low concentrations) in the studied rivers. According to Bio-met model, the bioavailability of Cu and Zn is highly influenced by soluble organic matter and water hardness, respectively. For most PTEs, the bioavailability estimated by deploying DGTs in river waters tends to be slightly lower than the estimation obtained with speciation models, since in real conditions more environmental factors take place comparing to the finite number of parameters considered in models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sierra
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'EnginyeriaQuímica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; Laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Roig
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'EnginyeriaQuímica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gemma Giménez Papiol
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'EnginyeriaQuímica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Elena Pérez-Gallego
- Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro, Paseo Sagasta 24-26, 50071 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'EnginyeriaQuímica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
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14
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Li B, Ma Y, Yang J. Is the computed speciation of copper in a wide range of Chinese soils reliable? CHEMICAL SPECIATION & BIOAVAILABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2017.1404437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Ma
- National Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Effects Long-term Monitoring Network, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Centre for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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15
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dos Anjos VE, Abate G, Grassi MT. Determination of labile species of As(V), Ba, Cd, Co, Cr(III), Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V(V), and Zn in natural waters using diffusive gradients in thin-film (DGT) devices modified with montmorillonite. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:1963-1972. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Zhu Y, Guéguen C. Evaluation of free/labile concentrations of trace metals in Athabasca oil sands region streams (Alberta, Canada) using diffusive gradient in thin films and a thermodynamic equilibrium model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:1140-1147. [PMID: 27638457 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Athabasca's oil sands exploitation is controversial due to its potential risks to water quality but little is known about the temporal changes in the most bioavailable fraction of metal, the free/labile species. In this study, diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM VII) equilibrium model were used to examine the temporal changes in free/labile metal (Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb) species in three tributaries of the north-flowing Athabasca River in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR). The influence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition (i.e. fulvic: humic ratio) on modeled Cu and Ni speciation showed a negligible effect on the labile concentration. The best agreements (92 ± 8%) between DGT-labile and WHAM calculated labile concentrations were found assuming the formation of iron oxyhydroxides (FeO(OH)). The agreement was only 70 ± 7% in the presence of inorganic colloidal aluminum oxyhydroxides (AlO(OH)) and in the absence of any inorganic colloids. Together these results suggest that a change in DOM composition had limited impacts on modeled free metal ion concentrations. Although the concentration of the main metal ligand (i.e. DOM), varied from 9 to 40 ppm, no significant temporal differences in the abundance of WHAM-modeled labile species were found, suggesting mobility and bioavailability of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were comparable over the 2003-2012 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhu
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, ON, Canada
| | - C Guéguen
- Chemistry Department, Trent University, ON, Canada.
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17
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Qin N, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Geng Z, Liu G, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Wang G. Enhanced removal of trace Cr(VI) from neutral and alkaline aqueous solution by FeCo bimetallic nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 472:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Villanueva JD, Granger D, Binet G, Litrico X, Huneau F, Peyraube N, Le Coustumer P. Labile trace metal contribution of the runoff collector to a semi-urban river. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11298-11311. [PMID: 26924702 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the distribution of labile trace metals (LTMs; Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in a semi-urban runoff collector was examined to assess its influence to a natural aqueous system (Jalle River, Bordeaux, France). This river is of high importance as it is part of a natural reserve dedicated to conserving aquatic flora and fauna. Two sampling campaigns with a differing precipitation condition (period 1, spring season; and period 2, summer season associated with storms) were considered. Precipitation and water flow were monitored. The collector is active as it is receptive to precipitation changes. It influences the river through discharging water, contributing LTMs, and channeling the mass fluxes. During period 2 where precipitation rate is higher, 25 % of the total water volume of the river was supplied by the collector. LTMs were detected at the collector. Measurements were done by using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) probes deployed during 1, 7, and 14 days in each period. The results showed that in an instantaneous period (day 1 or D1), most of these trace metals are above the environmental quality standards (Cd, Co, Cr, and Zn). The coefficient of determination (r (2) > 0.50) employed confirmed that the LTM concentrations in the downstream can be explained by the collector. While Co and Cr are from the upstream and the collector, Cd, Cu, and Zn are mostly provided by the collector. Ni, however, is mostly delivered by the upstream. Using the concentrations observed, the river can be affected by the collector in varying ways: (1) adding effect, resulting from the mix of the upstream and the collector (if upstream ˂ downstream); (2) diluted (if upstream ˃ downstream); and (3) conservative or unaffected (upstream ~ downstream). The range of LTM mass fluxes that the collector holds are as follows: (1) limited range or ˂10 g/day, Cd (0.04-1.75 g/day), Co (0.08-05.42 g/day), Ni (0.06-1.45 g/day), and Pb (0.08-9.89 g/day); (2) moderate range or 11-50 g/day, Cr (0.23-33.26 g/day) and Cu (0.77-37.88 g/day); and (3) wide range or ˃50 g/day, Zn (26.33-676.61 g/day). Hence, the collector is a major source of concern in terms of contamination. This is as the water with considerable LTMs is channeled openly to the river without any treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Villanueva
- Université de Bordeaux, I2M-GCE, B18 Avenue des facultés, 33405, Talence, France
- CNRS, EA CNRS 4592 Géoressources & Environnement, ENSEGID, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 1 allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - D Granger
- Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France
| | - G Binet
- Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France
| | - X Litrico
- Lyonnaise des Eaux - LyRE, Domaine du Haut Carré, 33400, Talence, France
| | - F Huneau
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire d'Hydrogéologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, Campus Grimaldi, BP 52, 20250, Corte, France
- CNRS, UMR 6134, SPE, 20250, Corte, France
| | - N Peyraube
- Université de Bordeaux, I2M-GCE, B18 Avenue des facultés, 33405, Talence, France
| | - P Le Coustumer
- CNRS, EA CNRS 4592 Géoressources & Environnement, ENSEGID, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 1 allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France.
- Université de Bordeaux, UF STE, B.18, Av. des Facultés, 33405, Talence Cedex, France.
- CNRS, UMR 5254, IPREM-UPPA, Technopole Hélioparc, 2 Av. Pdt P. Angot, 64058, Pau Cedex 09, France.
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19
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Han S, Naito W, Masunaga S. Assessing bioavailability levels of metals in effluent-affected rivers: effect of Fe(III) and chelating agents on the distribution of metal speciation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:896-903. [PMID: 27533864 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To assess the effects of Fe(III) and anthropogenic ligands on the bioavailability of Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb, concentrations of bioavailable metals were measured by the DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) method in some urban rivers, and were compared with concentrations calculated by a chemical equilibrium model (WHAM 7.0). Assuming that dissolved Fe(III) (<0.45 μm membrane filtered) was in equilibrium with colloidal iron oxide, the WHAM 7.0 model estimated that bioavailable concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Zn were slightly higher than the corresponding values estimated assuming that dissolved Fe(III) was absent. In contrast, lower levels of free Pb were predicted by the WHAM 7.0 model when dissolved Fe(III) was included. Estimates showed that most of the dissolved Pb was present as colloidal iron-Pb complex. Ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) concentrations at sampling sites were predicted from the relationship between EDTA and the calculated bioavailable concentration of Zn. When both colloidal iron and predicted EDTA concentrations were included in the WHAM 7.0 calculations, dissolved metals showed a strong tendency to form EDTA complexes, in the order Ni > Cu > Zn > Pb. With the inclusion of EDTA, bioavailable concentrations of Ni, Cu, and Zn predicted by WHAM 7.0 were different from those predicted considering only humic substances and colloidal iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Han
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan E-mail:
| | - Wataru Naito
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Shigeki Masunaga
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan E-mail:
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20
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Preliminary Investigation concerning Metals Bioavailability in Waters of Aries River Catchment by Using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/762121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper presents the metals content and bioavailability in waters of Aries River catchment, Romania. Concentration of labile dissolved metal species measured by diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT), metals in colloidal and in particulate phases, and also general physical-chemical indicators of water were determined. Very high total metal concentrations were found in the tributaries that drain the mining areas. However, the influence of the polluted tributaries on the Aries River water quality was moderate, as a consequence of the tributaries low flow rate compared with that of the Aries River. Using the DGT technique the bioavailable metals fractions expressed as % of total dissolved metals concentrations were found to be 28–88% for Cu, 43–72% for Zn, 73–85% for Fe, and 33–70% for Mn. Depending on the used method for dissolved metals determination the classification of waters according to quality classes may differ. Excluding the colloidal metal fractions, DGT measures only truly dissolved metal concentrations. In cases with very high metal contamination the differences between total dissolved and DGT-labile concentrations are unimportant for waters classification. However, where the metals concentration is near the thresholds values the determination method is very important.
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21
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Balch J, Guéguen C. Effects of molecular weight on the diffusion coefficient of aquatic dissolved organic matter and humic substances. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:498-503. [PMID: 25112575 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ measurements of labile metal species using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) passive samplers are based on the diffusion rates of individual species. Although most studies have dealt with chemically isolated humic substances, the diffusion of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across the hydrogel is not well understood. In this study, the diffusion coefficient (D) and molecular weight (MW) of 11 aquatic DOM and 4 humic substances (HS) were determined. Natural, unaltered aquatic DOM was capable of diffusing across the diffusive gel membrane with D values ranging from 2.48×10(-6) to 5.31×10(-6) cm(2) s(-1). Humic substances had diffusion coefficient values ranging from 3.48×10(-6) to 6.05×10(-6) cm(2) s(-1), congruent with previous studies. Molecular weight of aquatic DOM and HS samples (∼500-1750 Da) measured using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) strongly influenced D, with larger molecular weight DOM having lower D values. No noticeable changes in DOM size properties were observed during the diffusion process, suggesting that DOM remains intact following diffusion across the diffusive gel. The influence of molecular weight on DOM mobility will assist in further understanding and development of the DGT technique and the uptake and mobility of contaminants associated with DOM in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Balch
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, ON, Canada
| | - C Guéguen
- Chemistry Department, Trent University, ON, Canada.
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Han S, Zhang Y, Masunaga S, Zhou S, Naito W. Relating metal bioavailability to risk assessment for aquatic species: Daliao River watershed, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 189:215-222. [PMID: 24682072 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of metal bioavailability (Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) was first evaluated within the waters of Daliao River watershed, using the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and chemical equilibrium models. To assess potential risks associated with metal bioavailability, site-specific 95% protection levels (HC5), risk characterizations ratios (RCR) and ratios of DGT-labile/HC5 were derived, using species sensitivity distribution (SSD). The highest bioavailability values for metals were recorded in the main channel of the Daliao River, followed by the Taizi River. Dynamic concentrations predicted by WHAM 7.0 and NICA-Donnan for Cu and Zn agreed well with DGT results. The estuary of the Daliao River was found to have the highest risks related to Ni, Cu, and Zn. The number of sites at risk increased when considering the total toxicity of Ni, Cu, and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Han
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, China
| | - Shigeki Masunaga
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Siyun Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, China
| | - Wataru Naito
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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