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Wen X, Cui L, Lin H, Zhu W, Shao Z, Wang Y. Comparison of nitrification performance in SBR and SBBR with response to NaCl salinity shock: Microbial structure and functional genes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118917. [PMID: 38636642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia removal by nitrifiers at the extremely high salinity poses a great challenge for saline wastewater treatment. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was conducted with a stepwise increase of salinity from 10 to 40 g-NaCl·L-1, while sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) with one-step salinity enhancement, their nitrification performance, microbial structure and interaction were evaluated. Both SBR and SBBR can achieve high-efficiency nitrification (98% ammonia removal) at 40 g-NaCl·L-1. However, SBBR showed more stable nitrification performance than SBR at 40 g-NaCl·L-1 after a shorter adaptation period of 4-15 d compared to previous studies. High-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the abundance and capability of conventional ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) were suppressed in SBBR relative to SBR. Gelidibacter, Anaerolineales were the predominant genus in SBBR, which were not found in SBR. NorB and nosZ responsible for reducing NO to N2O and reducing N2O to N2 respectively had s strong synergistic effect in SBBR. This study will provide a valuable reference for the startup of nitrification process within a short period of time under the extremely high NaCl salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhe Wen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Liang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Huali Lin
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenqiang Zhu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Zongze Shao
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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2
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Zou X, Yao Y, Gao M, Zhang Y, Guo H, Liu Y. Treatment of high ammonia anaerobically digested molasses wastewater using aerobic granular sludge reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131056. [PMID: 38945503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
This study addressed the treatment of high ammonia, low biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (bCOD) anaerobically digested molasses wastewater, utilizing an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor. The AGS achieved 99 % ammonia removal regardless of the bCOD supplementation. By adding low ammonia (<60 mg/L), high bCOD raw molasses wastewater (before anaerobic digestion) as a carbon source, enhanced nitrogen removal, increasing from 10 % to 97 %, and improved sludge settleability via bio-induced calcite precipitation were observed. Functional genes prediction suggested two potential denitrification pathways, including heterotrophic denitrification by Paracoccus and Thauera, and autotrophic denitrification, specifically sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification by Thiobacillus. An increase in the relative abundance of microorganisms involved in heterotrophic denitrification was observed with the addition of high bCOD raw molasses wastewater. Consequently, incorporating raw molasses wastewater into the AGS presents a sustainable approach to achieve mixotrophic denitrification, maintain stable granular sludge and ensure stable treatment performance when treating anaerobically digested molasses wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yiduo Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mengjiao Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hengbo Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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3
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Chen L, Xiang H, Zhou LT, Zhang YQ, Ding YC, Wu D, Zhu NW, Zhang YF, Feng HJ. Low-voltage stimulated denitrification performance of high-salinity wastewater using halotolerant microorganisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130688. [PMID: 38604298 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Nitrate is a common contaminant in high-salinity wastewater, which has adverse effects on both the environment and human health. However, conventional biological treatment exhibits poor denitrification performance due to the high-salinity shock. In this study, an innovative approach using an electrostimulating microbial reactor (EMR) was explored to address this challenge. With a low-voltage input of 1.2 V, the EMR reached nitrate removal kinetic parameter (kNO3-N) of 0.0166-0.0808 h-1 under high-salinities (1.5 %-6.5 %), which was higher than that of the microbial reactor (MR) (0.0125-0.0478 h-1). The mechanisms analysis revealed that low-voltage significantly enhanced microbial salt-in strategy and promoted the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. Halotolerant denitrification microorganisms (Pseudomonas and Nitratireductor) were also enriched in EMR. Moreover, the EMR achieved a NO3-N removal efficiency of 73.64 % in treating high-salinity wastewater (salinity 4.69 %) over 18-cycles, whereas the MR only reached 54.67 %. In summary, this study offers an innovative solution for denitrification of high-salinity wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai Xiang
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Ting Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-Cheng Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Center for Environmental and Energy Research (CEER) - Engineering of Materials via Catalysis and Characterization, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon 406-840, South Korea
| | - Nan-Wen Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hua-Jun Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China; College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Zhang M, Jiao T, Chen S, Zhou W. A review of microbial nitrogen transformations and microbiome engineering for biological nitrogen removal under salinity stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:139949. [PMID: 37648161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The osmotic stress caused by salinity exerts severe inhibition on the process of biological nitrogen removal (BNR), leading to the deterioration of biosystems and the discharge of nitrogen with saline wastewater. Feasible strategies to solve the bottleneck in saline wastewater treatment have attracted great attention, but relevant studies to improve nitrogen transformations and enhance the salt-tolerance of biosystems in terms of microbiome engineering have not been systematically reviewed and discussed. This work attempted to provide a more comprehensive explanation of both BNR and microbiome engineering approaches for saline wastewater treatment. The effect of salinity on conventional BNR pathways, nitrification-denitrification and anammox, was summarized at cellular and metabolic levels, including the nitrogen metabolic pathways, the functional microorganisms, and the inhibition threshold of salinity. Promising nitrogen transformations, such as heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification, ammonium assimilation and the coupling of conventional pathways, were introduced and compared based on advantages and challenges in detail. Strategies to improve the salt tolerance of biosystems were proposed and evaluated from the perspective of microbiome engineering. Finally, prospects of future investigation and applications on halophilic microbiomes in saline wastewater treatment were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Jiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China
| | - Shigeng Chen
- Shandong Nongda Fertilizer Sci.&Tech. Co., Ltd., Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Weizhi Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, 250061 Jinan, China; Laboratory of Water-Sediment Regulation and Eco-decontamination, 250061, Jinan, China.
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5
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Lin C, Liu Y, Li YY, Liu J. Difference of high-salinity-induced inhibition of ammonia-oxidising bacteria and nitrite-oxidising bacteria and its applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129640. [PMID: 37549713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty in achieving stable partial nitritation (PN) is a challenge that limits the application of mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). This study proposes high-salinity treatment as a novel strategy for inactivating nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB). The study indicated that NOB are more sensitive to high salinity than ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB). The inhibitory effect on the nitrifier gradually increased with increasing salinity from 0 to 100 g NaCl/L. After 24 h and 35 g NaCl/L inhibition, the AOB and NOB activities were 36.65% and 7.15% of their original activities, respectively. After one high-salinity treatment, nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was above 33% during nitrification. Moreover, the sludge characteristics remained almost unchanged after suppression. A novel process for achieving mainstream PN was proposed and evaluated based on the results. An energy consumption analysis showed that mainstream PN/anammox based on the ex situ high-salinity treatment can achieve higher energy self-sufficiency compared with activated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihao Lin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanxu Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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6
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Wang Y, Sun Z, Qiang Z. Start-up of solid-phase denitrification process for treatment of nitrate-rich water in recirculating mariculture system: Carbon source selection and nitrate removal mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139568. [PMID: 37479001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient nitrate removal from recirculating mariculture system (RMS) water is of significance since high concentration of nitrate would cause chronic health effects on aquatic organisms and eutrophication. Solid-phase denitrification (SPD) is a safer and more sustainable approach than conventional heterotrophic denitrification by dosing liquid carbon sources. Thus, its application for treating nitrate-rich RMS water was investigated in this study. Poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) was identified with the best nitrate removal among four kinds of carbon sources. PHBV-filled reactors started with mariculture, municipal and mixing sludges (at the ratio of 1:1) and fed with 200 mg L-1 nitrate-rich RMS water all achieved over 81% nitrate removals with a HRT of 4 days. The dissolved organic carbon concentrations of the reactors were in the range of 3-9 mg L-1. Arcobacter, Halomonas, and Psedomonas were dominant genera responsible for nitrate removal in different reactors. Metagenomic analyses indicate that both denitrification and assimilatory nitrate reduction (ANR) are the main contributors to nitrate removals. Metagenomic results illustrated nirB/D cooperated with nasA may perform ANR pathway, which transformed nitrate to ammonia for biosynthesis. These results indicate that SPD could be a safer alternative for treating nitrate-rich RMS water, and provide new insights into nitrogen metabolism pathways in SPD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Zhimin Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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7
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Li J, Cai L, Lu H, Ma B, Chen G, Kong D, Hu Y, Ye Z, Ruan Y. Effects of Ion Combinations and Their Concentrations on Denitrification Performance and Gene Expressions of an Aerobic Strain Marinobacter Hydrocarbonoclasticus RAD-2. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1867. [PMID: 37630427 PMCID: PMC10456938 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important factors affecting the nitrogen-removal efficiency of denitrifying bacteria. A series of different ion combinations and salinity gradients were carried out to clarify the effects of ion types and concentrations on nitrogen removal by halophilic aerobic denitrifying bacteria RAD-2. Nitrate concentrations, nitrite concentrations, TAN concentrations, and OD600 were monitored to investigate their effects on denitrification in each group. The results showed that Na+, K+, and Cl- accelerated the denitrification process and improved nitrogen-removal efficiency at moderate additions, while Ca2+ and Mg2+ showed no significant effect. Na+ was effective alone, while K+ or Cl- needed to be combined with at least one of Na+, K+, or Cl- to achieve similar efficiency. The batch tests of salinity confirmed that the addition of a moderate concentration of NaCl/Na2SO4 could effectively improve nitrogen-removal efficiency, while excessive salinity might hinder denitrification metabolism. In the salinity range of 5~40‱, a 5‱ dosage might be the most economical method for strain RAD-2. Real-time PCR experiments on 17 key nitrogen metabolism-related genes revealed that chloride was widely involved in the nitrogen and carbon metabolism of microorganisms by altering cell osmotic pressure and opening ion channel proteins, thereby affecting the efficiency of denitrification. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the different roles of various ions in aerobic denitrification and highlight the importance of salinity control in highly salted wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchi Li
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Lei Cai
- Laboratory of Microbial Resources, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China;
| | - Huifeng Lu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Bin Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Guangsuo Chen
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Dedong Kong
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (D.K.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yiming Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Ziran Ye
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (D.K.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yunjie Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.L.); (Y.H.)
- The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
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8
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James SN, Vijayanandan A. Recent advances in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification for nitrogen and micropollutant removal: a review. Biodegradation 2023; 34:103-123. [PMID: 36899211 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SND) is a promising process for biological nitrogen removal. Compared to conventional nitrogen removal processes, SND is cost-effective due to the decreased structural footprint and low oxygen and energy requirements. This critical review summarizes the current knowledge on SND related to fundamentals, mechanisms, and influence factors. The creation of stable aerobic and anoxic conditions within the flocs, as well as the optimization of dissolved oxygen (DO), are the most significant challenges in SND. Innovative reactor configurations coupled with diversified microbial communities have achieved significant carbon and nitrogen reduction from wastewater. In addition, the review also presents the recent advances in SND for removing micropollutants. The micropollutants are exposed to various enzymes due to the microaerobic and diverse redox conditions present in the SND system, which would eventually enhance biotransformation. This review presents SND as a potential biological treatment process for carbon, nitrogen, and micropollutant removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan N James
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Arya Vijayanandan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, 110016, India.
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9
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Performance and Bacterial Characteristics of Aerobic Granular Sludge in Treatment of Ultra-Hypersaline Mustard Tuber Wastewater. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Mustard tuber wastewater (MTW) is an ultra-hypersaline high-strength acid organic wastewater. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has been demonstrated to have high tolerance to high organic loading rate (OLR), high salinity, and broad pH ranges. However, most studies were conducted under single stress, and the performance of AGS under multiple stresses (high salinity, high OLR, and low pH) was still unclear. Herein, mature AGS was used to try to treat the real MTW at 9% salinity, pH of 4.1–6.7, and OLR of 1.8–7.2 kg COD/m3·d. The OLR was increased, and the results showed that the upper OLR boundary of AGS was 5.4 kg COD/m3·d (pH of 4.2) with relatively compact structure and high removal of TOC (~93.1%), NH4+-N (~88.2%), and TP (~50.6%). Under 7.2 kg COD/m3·d (pH of 4.1), most of the AGS was fragmented, primarily due to the multiple stresses. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that Halomonas dominated the reactor during the whole process with the presence of unclassified-f-Flavobacteriaceae, Aequorivita, Paracoccus, Bradymonas, and Cryomorpha, which played key roles in the removal of TOC, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This study investigated the performance of AGS under multiple stresses, and also brought a new route for highly-efficient simultaneous nitrification–denitrifying phosphorus removal of real MTW.
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Xiong W, Wang S, Jin Y, Wu Z, Liu D, Su H. Insights into nitrogen and phosphorus metabolic mechanisms of algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge via metagenomics: Performance, microbial community and functional genes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128442. [PMID: 36470490 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to propose the potential mechanism for the enhancement of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal of algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge (A-AGS), metagenomic analysis was applied to identify the metabolic pathways. The results showed that chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total N, and total P removal of A-AGS could reach to 94.5%, 97.5%, 78.1%, and 88.5%, respectively. Algae enriched the content of extracellular polymeric substance, which significantly promoted the formation of A-AGS. Further investigations in functional genes suggested that nitrification process (amo, nxr, hao, etc.), denitrification process (nir, nap, nor, etc.), and polyphosphate accumulation (ppk, ppk2, etc.) were enhanced greatly in A-AGS. Notably, genus Thauera was the dominant source of functional genes, which penetrated both in N and P metabolism. The higher N and P removal performance in A-AGS could be attributed to synergistic effect between bacteria and microalgae, which may provide the basic for the application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Gao M, Yang J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Li J, Liu Y, Wu B, Gu L. Deep insights into the anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge with concentrated leachate under different salinity stresses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155922. [PMID: 35577084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater (e.g., concentrated leachate) is a major challenge. Anaerobic co-digestion can effectively treat high-salinity organic wastewater and recover energy. In this study, the concentrated landfill leachate and waste activated sludge (WAS) were anaerobic co-digested in the lab-scale continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) to understand their co-digestion performance under different salinity stresses. As revealed by the results, when the salinity was low (<10 g/L), the removal ratio of organic matter in the digester was kept at a high level (>91.3%), and the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) was low (<100 mg COD/L), indicating that the digester could operate efficiently and stably. However, when the salinity level was elevated from 10 g/L to 30 g/L, the removal ratio of organic matter in the digester decreased from ~91.3% to ~64.5%, the TVFAs continued to accumulate, the yields of biogas and methane also dropped sharply, and the performance of the digester decreased gradually. The results of microbial community and diversity analysis showed that there is limited adaptability of microbial community to high salinity in such process. Salinity could cause significant changes in the microbial community and diversity, thereby affecting the digestive performance. Metagenomic analysis showed that under high salinity conditions, the content of genes encoding hydrolase and methanogenic enzyme decreased, whereas the pathway of acetotrophic methanogenesis was weakened. Mechanism study showed that with the increase of salinity, the activity of microbial cells decreased, the structure of sludge flocs was damaged more significantly, and the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by microbe increased continuously, which was used to resist the toxic effects of salinity stresses on microorganisms. The results of this study could provide certain theoretical guidance for anaerobic digestion under salinity stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jianhao Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Baocun Wu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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12
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Wang H, Guo L, Ren X, Gao M, Jin C, Zhao Y, Ji J, She Z. Enhanced aerobic granular sludge by static magnetic field to treat saline wastewater via simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126891. [PMID: 35217165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Saline wastewater poses a threat to biological nitrogen removal. This study investigated whether and how static magnetic field (SMF) can improve the salt-tolerance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in two simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) reactors. Results confirmed that the SMF improved the mean size and settleability of granules, stimulated secretion of extracellular polymeric substances with high protein content, in turn enhancing the aerobic granulation. Although high salt stress inhibited functional microorganisms, the SMF maintained better SPND performance with average COD removal, TN removal and nitrite accumulation ratio finally recovering to 100%, 72.9% and 91.1% respectively. High throughput sequencing revealed that functional bacteria evolved from Paracoccus to halotolerant genera Xanthomarina, Thauera, Pseudofulvimonas and Azoarcus with stepwise increasing salinity. The enhanced salt-tolerance may be because the SMF promoted the activity of these halotolerant bacteria. Therefore, this study proposes an economic, effective and environmental biotechnology for saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hutao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Junyuan Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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13
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Costa JG, Paulo AMS, Amorim CL, Amaral AL, Castro PML, Ferreira EC, Mesquita DP. Quantitative image analysis as a robust tool to assess effluent quality from an aerobic granular sludge system treating industrial wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132773. [PMID: 34742770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative image analysis (QIA) is a simple and automated method for process monitoring, complementary to chemical analysis, that when coupled to mathematical modelling allows associating changes in the biomass to several operational parameters. The majority of the research regarding the use of QIA has been carried out using synthetic wastewater and applied to activated sludge systems, while there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the application of QIA in the monitoring of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems. In this work, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium (N-NH4+), nitrite (N-NO2-), nitrate (N-NO3-), salinity (Cl-), and total suspended solids (TSS) levels present in the effluent of an AGS system treating fish canning wastewater were successfully associated to QIA data, from both suspended and granular biomass fractions by partial least squares models. The correlation between physical-chemical parameters and QIA data allowed obtaining good assessment results for COD (R2 of 0.94), N-NH4+ (R2 of 0.98), N-NO2- (R2 of 0.96), N-NO3- (R2 of 0.95), Cl- (R2 of 0.98), and TSS (R2 of 0.94). While the COD and N-NO2- assessment models were mostly correlated to the granular fraction QIA data, the suspended fraction was highly relevant for N-NH4+ assessment. The N-NO3-, Cl- and TSS assessment benefited from the use of both biomass fractions (suspended and granular) QIA data, indicating the importance of the balance between the suspended and granular fractions in AGS systems and its analysis. This study provides a complementary approach to assess effluent quality parameters which can improve wastewater treatment plants monitoring and control, with a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly procedure, while avoiding daily physical-chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana G Costa
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana M S Paulo
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Amorim
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Luís Amaral
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ISEC, DEQB, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Aplicada, Laboratório SiSus, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Daniela P Mesquita
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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14
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Hu J, Yan J, Wu L, Bao Y, Yu D, Li J. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of hypersaline wastewater by a robust bacterium Halomonas salifodinae from a repeated-batch acclimation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125818. [PMID: 34455251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotreatment of hypersaline wastewater requires robust strains with high resistance to activity inhibition and even bacterium death, which remains a worldwide challenge. Here Halomonas salifodinae, a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) bacterium, was isolated by performing repeated-batch acclimation, showing efficient nitrogen removal at 0-15% salinity and low activity inhibition prominently superior to that of other strains such as Pseudomonas sp. and Acinetobacter sp. Community analysis as well as comparison of microbial activity at different salinities revealed an increased relative abundance of halotolerant populations by stimulating their salt tolerance during the repeated-batch process. For single or mixed nitrogen sources at 15% salinity, the SND efficiencies of the isolated strain reached above 95%. The high activities were attributed to the key enzymes AMO and HAO for nitrification as well as NAP and NIR for denitrification. The findings provide a promising acclimation pathway to obtain robust bacteria for biotreatment of hypersaline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jiabao Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Ling Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yanzhou Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
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15
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Carrera P, Casero-Díaz T, Castro-Barros CM, Méndez R, Val Del Río A, Mosquera-Corral A. Features of aerobic granular sludge formation treating fluctuating industrial saline wastewater at pilot scale. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113135. [PMID: 34229140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor, with a working volume of 3 m3, was installed in a fish cannery to develop aerobic granular sludge treating the produced effluents. Depending on the nitrogen (N) and organic matter (COD) concentration, the effluents were named in this study as medium-low-strength (Stage I) and high-strength (Stage II) wastewater. The composition of the wastewater was found to be a crucial factor to select granule-forming organisms. With medium-low-strength wastewater as feeding, the first granules were observed after 30 days, but the extremely high COD/N ratios of the wastewater provoked the overgrowth of filamentous bacteria after 4 months of operation (Stage I). When treating high-strength wastewater, stable aggregates with good settleability appeared, but well-shaped granules were not observed since the granulation process was not completed. The system was able to remove both COD (70-95%) and N (30-90%) treating both types of effluents. Biomass growth was the main N removal pathway. The reactor was found to be robust against factory production stops and, thus, a suitable alternative to treat wastewater from industries with discontinuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Carrera
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - T Casero-Díaz
- Cetaqua - Galician Water Research Centre Foundation, Emprendia Building, Campus Vida, E-15782, Spain.
| | - C M Castro-Barros
- Cetaqua - Galician Water Research Centre Foundation, Emprendia Building, Campus Vida, E-15782, Spain.
| | - R Méndez
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Val Del Río
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Mosquera-Corral
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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16
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Chen Y, Sanjaya EH, Guo G, Li YY. High nitrogen removal performance of anaerobically treated fish processing wastewater by one-stage partial nitritation and anammox process with hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based syntrophic granules and granule structure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 338:125526. [PMID: 34274590 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The one-stage partial nitritation and anammox process with the hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based syntrophic granules was studied for the ammonium nitrogen removal from the effluents of a self-agitated anaerobic baffled reactor treating the fish processing wastewater. When the ammonium in the influent was 1140 mg N·L-1, a high nitrogen removal rate and nitrogen removal efficiency of 1.51 ± 0.10 kg N·m-3·d-1 and 88.2% were obtained, respectively. Anammox bacteria of Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis and ammonium oxidizing bacteria of Nitrosomonas were the two most predominant bacteria, while nitrite oxidizing bacteria activity was low and could be neglected during the treatment. The inorganic element properties of the sludge were analyzed by several methods to confirm the existence of HAP granules. Optical microscopic observation and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the structure of the granular sludge.This study supports the feasibility and potential of this process for high-efficiency nitrogen removal from fish processing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Eli Hendrik Sanjaya
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Malang (Universitas Negeri Malang), Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
| | - Guangze Guo
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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17
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Ji B, Zhang H, Zhou L, Yang J, Zhang K, Yuan X, Ma J, Qian Y. Effect of the rapid increase of salinity on anoxic-oxic biofilm reactor for treatment of high-salt and high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125363. [PMID: 34130233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The washing wastewater from the desulfuration and denitration of power plants has high salt (chloride and sulfate) and ammonia-nitrogen concentrations and is difficult to treat using microbiological methods. A novel anoxic/oxic biofilm process was developed to remove ammonia from wastewater. Three rapid strategies (sulfate concentration was increased from 0 to 60 g/L in 6, 13, and 22 days (R1, R2, and R3, respectively)) were applied and produced biofilm with the same nitrification capacity as slow strategies (100-203 days). Excessive organics inhibited the nitrification capacity of the biofilm. R1 excelled at ammonia removal (from 30% to 95%, 70 mg/(L·d), with an effluent ammonia concentration of 4 mg/L) at 60 g/L salinity after the organic load was reduced. The content of extracellular polymeric substances in biofilm depended on its capacity to remove organics. Pseudomonas and Thauera were enriched in the three reactors. Controlling the organic load might prevent the sulfur cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixiao Ji
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.
| | - Huining Zhang
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Lun Zhou
- Sinopec Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company, Ningbo 315207, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jianqing Ma
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yongxing Qian
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315000, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
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18
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Ronan E, Aqeel H, Wolfaardt GM, Liss SN. Recent advancements in the biological treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:158. [PMID: 34420110 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The estimated global population growth of 81 million people per year, combined with increased rates of urbanization and associated industrial processes, result in volumes of high strength ammonia wastewater that cannot be treated in a cost-effective or sustainable manner using the floc-based conventional activated sludge approach of nitrification and denitrification. Biofilm and aerobic granular sludge technologies have shown promise to significantly improve the performance of biological nitrogen removal systems treating high strength wastewater. This is partly due to enhanced biomass retention and their ability to sustain diverse microbial populations with juxtaposing growth requirements. Recent research has also demonstrated the value of hybrid systems with heterogeneous bioaggregates to mitigate biofilm and granule instability during long-term operation. In the context of high strength ammonia wastewater treatment, conventional nitrification-denitrification is hampered by high energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Anammox-based processes such as partial nitritation-anammox and partial denitrification-anammox represent more cost-effective and sustainable methods of removing reactive nitrogen from wastewater. There is also growing interest in the use of photosynthetic bacteria for ammonia recovery from high strength waste streams, such that nitrogen can be captured and concentrated in its reactive form and recycled into high value products. The purpose of this review is to explore recent advancements and emerging approaches related to high strength ammonia wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Ronan
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Hussain Aqeel
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.,School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gideon M Wolfaardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Steven N Liss
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada. .,School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada. .,Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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19
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Shi X, Li J, Wang X, Zhang X, Tang L. Effect of the gradual increase of Na 2SO 4 on performance and microbial diversity of aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112696. [PMID: 33984643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a promising technology in treating saline wastewater. The effects of sodium sulfate on contaminant removal performance and sludge characteristics of AGS were studied. The results showed that under the stress of sodium sulfate, AGS kept good removal performance of ammonia nitrogen (NH+ 4-N), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total nitrogen (TN), with removal efficiency reaching 98.7%, 91.5% and 62.7%, respectively. When sodium sulfate reached 14700 mg/L, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were inhibited and nitrite accumulation occurred, but it had little impact on total phosphorus (TP) removal. Under the stress of sodium sulfate, compactness and settling performance of AGS was enhanced. The microbial community greatly varied and the microbial diversity of aerobic granular sludge has decreased under the stress of sodium sulfate. The study reveals that AGS has great potential in application on treating saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Liaofan Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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20
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Zerva I, Remmas N, Melidis P, Ntougias S. Biotreatment efficiency, hydrolytic potential and bacterial community dynamics in an immobilized cell bioreactor treating caper processing wastewater under highly saline conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124694. [PMID: 33454565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although caper processing wastewaters (CPW) are characterized by high organic content and salt concentration, no attempt has been made to treat these effluents. In this study, an immobilized cell bioreactor efficiently treated CPW even at hypersaline conditions (100 g/L salinity). Nitrogen was mainly assimilated during biotreatment, as nitrification was inhibited at elevated salinities. The hydrolytic potential was assessed by determining glucanase, xylanase, glucosidase, lipase and protease activities, which were negatively affected above 20 g/L salinity as the consequence of the inhibition of non-halotolerant microbiota. Succession of non-halotolerant taxa by the slightly halotolerant bacteria Defluviimonas, Amaricoccus, Arenibacter, Formosa and Muricauda, and then by the moderately/extremely halotolerant genera Halomonas, Roseovarius and Idiomarina occurred over salinity increase. Diversity indices were reduced during transition from moderately saline to hypersaline conditions. A distinct network was formed at hypersaline conditions, consisting of the halotolerant genera Halomonas, Idiomarina, Saliterribacillus and Gracilibacillus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Zerva
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Remmas
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece
| | - Paraschos Melidis
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece.
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21
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Thwaites BJ, Stuetz R, Short M, Reeve P, Alvarez-Gaitan JP, Dinesh N, Philips R, van den Akker B. Analysis of nitrous oxide emissions from aerobic granular sludge treating high saline municipal wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143653. [PMID: 33310220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional activated sludge (CAS)-based wastewater treatment processes have the potential to emit high concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O) during nitrification and denitrification, which can significantly impact the environmental performance and carbon footprint of wastewater treatment operations. While N2O emissions from CAS have been extensively studied, there is little knowledge of N2O emissions from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) which is now an increasingly popular secondary treatment alternative. The N2O emissions performance of AGS needs to be investigated to ensure that the positive benefits of AGS, such as increased capacity and stable nutrient removal, are not offset by higher emissions. This study quantified N2O emissions from a pilot-scale AGS reactor operated under a range of organic loading rates. A second CAS pilot plant was operated in parallel and under identical loading rates to allow for side-by-side comparison of N2O emissions from floc-based activated sludge. Under low loadings of <0.6 kg COD/m3/d the N2O emission factor from AGS and CAS were similar, at around 1.46 ± 0.1% g N2Oemitted/g ammonium loaded. A step increase in the organic loading rate increased N2O emissions from AGS more so than CAS which appeared to be attributed to the reactor feeding strategy that was required for AGS formation. The use of a separate anaerobic feeding phase which was followed by the aeration phase, resulted in extended periods of low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations combined with an initial high biomass ammonium loading rate, which favours N2O production and was exacerbated at higher organic loads. Conversely, the combined feeding plus aeration operation (aerobic feed) employed by the CAS system enabled a more even biomass ammonium loading rate and DO supply. This work has shown that while AGS has many operational benefits, the impacts that aeration profile, loading rate and feeding strategy have on N2O emissions must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Thwaites
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Richard Stuetz
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael Short
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, South Australia, Australia
| | - Petra Reeve
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Juan-Pablo Alvarez-Gaitan
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nirmala Dinesh
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Renae Philips
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ben van den Akker
- South Australian Water Corporation, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia, Australia; Health and Environment Group, School of the Environment, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia; School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes 5095, South Australia, Australia
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22
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Paulo AMS, Amorim CL, Costa J, Mesquita DP, Ferreira EC, Castro PML. Long-term stability of a non-adapted aerobic granular sludge process treating fish canning wastewater associated to EPS producers in the core microbiome. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:144007. [PMID: 33250239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The tolerance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) to variable wastewater composition is perceived as one of its greatest advantages compared to other aerobic processes. However, research studies select optimal operational conditions for evaluating AGS performance, such as the use of pre-adapted biomass and the control of wastewater composition. In this study, non-adapted granular sludge was used to treat fish canning wastewater presenting highly variable organic, nutrient and salt levels over a period of ca. 8 months. Despite salt levels up to 14 g NaCl L-1, the organic loading rate (OLR) was found to be the main factor driving AGS performance. Throughout the first months of operation, the OLR was generally lower than 1.2 kg COD m-3 day-1, resulting in stable nitrification and low COD and phosphorous levels at the outlet. An increase in OLR up to 2.3 kg COD m-3 day-1 disturbed nitrification and COD and phosphate removal, but a decrease to average values between 1 and 1.6 kg COD m-3 day-1 led to resuming of those processes. Most of the bacteria present in the AGS core microbiome were associated to extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production, such as Thauera and Paracoccus, which increased during the higher OLR period. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) species were detected in AGS biomass; while AOB were identified throughout the operation, NOB were no further identified after the period of increased OLR. Different polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) were detected along the process: CandidatusAccumulibacter, Tetrasphaera and Gemmatimonas. A non-adapted granular sludge was able to treat the fish canning wastewater and to tolerate salinity fluctuations up to 14 g L-1. Overall, a high microbial diversity associated to EPS producers allowed to preserve bacterial groups responsible for nutrients removal, contributing to the adaptation and long-term stability of the AGS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M S Paulo
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Catarina L Amorim
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Costa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Daniela P Mesquita
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Sivasubramanian R, Chen GH, Mackey HR. Shock effects of monovalent cationic salts on seawater cultivated granular sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123646. [PMID: 32846259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Saline wastewater is commonly encountered in various industries, posing challenges to biological treatments. The application of seawater as a seed source provides a media of diverse halophilic organisms for rapid startup. However, effects of transitioning from a mixed salt source to monovalent salt solutions prevalent in industry remains unexplored. Hence, seed sludge was cultivated using seawater and later granulated under a mixed-salt synthetic medium comprising a mixture of NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 at a combined concentration of 0.8 M (0.27 M each). The stable, acclimated granules were then tested against single salt media of 0.8 M NaCl, KCl, or Na2SO4. Shift to single salt media resulted in granule disaggregation, poor settling, sludge washout and development of fluffy or slimy flocs. Changes in exopolysaccharides composition after the single salt shift was the predominant reason for the large changes in sludge morphology. The impacts of KCl and Na2SO4 were more significant than the shift to NaCl. The resulting impacts also had a major influence on the treatment performance. A complex mechanism involving monovalent cation stimulation of proteins; ionic strength impacts on exopolysaccharides and morphology; solution density influence on sludge density and settling; and tonicity impacts on cell viability and treatment is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hamish Robert Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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24
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Dong X, Zhao Z, Yang X, Lei Z, Shimizu K, Zhang Z, Lee DJ. Response and recovery of mature algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge to sudden salinity disturbance in influent wastewater: Granule characteristics and nutrients removal/accumulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124492. [PMID: 33316698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The impact of sudden salinity (1-3%) disturbance in influent wastewater on mature algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was investigated, in addition to its recovery possibility when salinity disturbance was removed. Results show that the mature algal-bacterial AGS with less filamentous could maintain its good settleability with sludge volume index below 41 mL/g when wastewater salinity was increased to 3%, in which loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances might play an important role. Under this condition, the granule system achieved slightly lower dissolved organic carbon removal (from 97% to 94%), while the removals of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were remarkably decreased from ~100%, 66% and 70% to 23%, 16% and 38%, respectively. However, the organics and nutrients removals could be recovered immediately when the salinity disturbance was removed from the influent. P bioavailability, on the other hand, kept almost stable (93-97%) in the AGS during the examination period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Dong
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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25
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Yao J, Li W, Ou D, Lei L, Asif M, Liu Y. Performance and granular characteristics of salt-tolerant aerobic granular reactors response to multiple hypersaline wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129170. [PMID: 33302196 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology has been recognized as a promising alternative to alleviate the osmotic stress of hypersaline wastewater. However, the response of AGS process to composite hypersaline wastewater on removal performance and populations was yet to be understood. In this work, two sequenced batch reactors were operated in parallel in absence (R0) and presence (R1) of high concentration sulfate as proxy for single and mixed salts (30 g salt·L-1) respectively. Results demonstrated that the presence of sulfate in hypersaline wastewater enhanced chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removals of 95.3% and 65.5% respectively with lower accumulations of nitrite. High-throughput 16 S rRNA gene sequencing technique elucidated that Denitromonas (31.6%) and Xanthomarina (17.0%) were the more dominant genera in AGS response to mixed salts with high sulfate and laid the biological basis for strengthening removal performance. The enrichment of halophilic Luteococcus (23.5%) in the AGS surface indicated the potential role of mixed salts in shaping the physical properties and surface population structure of AGS. Our work could facilitate the potential applications of AGS technology for industrial hypersaline wastewater treatment with complicated compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchi Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong Ou
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Asif
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongdi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
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26
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He Q, Xie Z, Fu Z, Wang H, Chen L, Gao S, Zhang W, Song J, Xu P, Yu J, Ma J. Effects of phenol on extracellular polymeric substances and microbial communities from aerobic granular sludge treating low strength and salinity wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141785. [PMID: 33207518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of phenol on aerobic granular sludge including extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and microbial community were investigated for low strength and salinity wastewater treatment. Elevated phenol over 20 mg/L stimulated biological phosphorus removal mainly via co-metabolism with nearly complete phenol degradation, whereas resulted in significant accumulation of nitrate around 4 mg/L. Aerobic granules kept structural stability via enhancing production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), especially folds of polysaccharides (PS) and varying functional groups identified through EEM, FTIR and XPS spectral characterizations at increasing phenol loads. Illumina MiSeq sequencing results indicated that elevated phenol decreased the bacterial diversity and richness, and caused remarkable variations in structural and compositions of microbial population. Multiple halophilic bacteria including Stappia, Luteococcus, and Formosa laid the biological basis for stability of aerobic granules and efficient biological nutrients and phenol removal. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested the key role of phenol in shaping the relative abundances and predominant genera. This study proved that aerobic granular sludge was feasible for low-saline and phenol-laden low-strength wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulai He
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Zhiyi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhidong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shuxian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jianyang Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang 473004, China; School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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27
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Gao Y, Li J, Dong H, Qiang Z. Nitrogen removal mechanism of marine anammox bacteria treating nitrogen-laden saline wastewater in response to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation: High UV tolerance and microbial community shift. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124325. [PMID: 33157444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress can be naturally overcome by marine anammox bacteria (MAB), while their low growth rate and sensitivity to operational conditions are still challenges for the application of anammox. To enhance the enrichment of MAB and decipher the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on MAB, UV was introduced in the nitrogen removal of MAB treating nitrogen-laden saline wastewater for the first time. The results indicated that MAB were resistant to a fairly high UV-C dose, 12000 mJ/cm2. Their relative abundance was enhanced by 1.2 folds under 12000 mJ/cm2 UV-C. However, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Marinicella were greatly dropped with enhanced UV-C dose. The tolerance mechanism was diversified, e.g. excessive extracellular polymeric substances, special structure of MAB and interspecific competition/cooperation. Although further study was still needed, the findings shed a light on MAB enrichment and exploited great potentials of MAB in nitrogen-laden saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhimin Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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28
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Sarvajith M, Nancharaiah YV. Biological nutrient removal by halophilic aerobic granular sludge under hypersaline seawater conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124065. [PMID: 32932114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological nutrient removal and physical properties of halophilic aerobic granular sludge (hAGS) cultivated from autochthonous seawater-born microbes were investigated under hypersaline seawater conditions. hAGS achieved stable total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removals of 96 ± 3% and 95 ± 4%, respectively, from seawater-based wastewater at 3.4% salt. At 4 to 12% salt concentrations, stable TN and TP removals of 82-99% and 95-96%, respectively, were maintained over 4 months under seawater conditions. Ammonium and phosphorus were mainly removed by nitritation-denitritation and enhanced biological phosphorus removal pathways, respectively. Stappiaceae (45%) and Rhodobacteraceae (21%) were the dominant genera in hAGS performing nutrient removal at 12% salt. hAGS contained acid-soluble extracellular polymeric substance as the major structural polymer which increased from 0.43 ± 0.02 g/gTS at 3.4% salt to 0.93 ± 0.03 g/gTS at 12% salt. Cultivation of hAGS from autochthonous wastewater-microbes can be a promising approach for achieving biological nitrogen and phosphorus removals from hypersaline seawater-based wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarvajith
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Y V Nancharaiah
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India.
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29
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de Graaff DR, van Loosdrecht MCM, Pronk M. Trehalose as an osmolyte in Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 105:379-388. [PMID: 33074418 PMCID: PMC7778627 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis is an important microorganism for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). In a previous study, we found a remarkable flexibility regarding salinity, since this same microorganism could thrive in both freshwater- and seawater-based environments, but the mechanism for the tolerance to saline conditions remained unknown. Here, we identified and described the role of trehalose as an osmolyte in Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis. A freshwater-adapted culture was exposed to a single batch cycle of hyperosmotic and hypo-osmotic shock, which led to the release of trehalose up to 5.34 mg trehalose/g volatile suspended solids (VSS). Long-term adaptation to 30% seawater-based medium in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) gave a stable operation with complete anaerobic uptake of acetate and propionate along with phosphate release of 0.73 Pmol/Cmol, and complete aerobic uptake of phosphate. Microbial analysis showed Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis clade I as the dominant organism in both the freshwater- and seawater-adapted cultures (> 90% presence). Exposure of the seawater-adapted culture to a single batch cycle of hyperosmotic incubation and hypo-osmotic shock led to an increase in trehalose release upon hypo-osmotic shock when higher salinity is used for the hyperosmotic incubation. Maximum trehalose release upon hypo-osmotic shock was achieved after hyperosmotic incubation with 3× salinity increase relative to the salinity in the SBR adaptation reactor, resulting in the release of 11.9 mg trehalose/g VSS. Genome analysis shows the possibility of Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis to convert glycogen into trehalose by the presence of treX, treY, and treZ genes. Addition of trehalose to the reactor led to its consumption, both during anaerobic and aerobic phases. These results indicate the flexibility of the metabolism of Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis towards variations in salinity. Key points • Trehalose is identified as an osmolyte in Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis. • Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis can convert glycogen into trehalose. • Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis clade I is present and active in both seawater and freshwater. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00253-020-10947-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny R de Graaff
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Pronk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands. .,Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan1914 35, 3800 AL, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
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30
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Song W, Xu D, Bi X, Ng HY, Shi X. Intertidal wetland sediment as a novel inoculation source for developing aerobic granular sludge in membrane bioreactor treating high-salinity antibiotic manufacturing wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123715. [PMID: 32645570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a novel approach of cultivating aerobic granular sludge (AGS) using intertidal wetland sediment (IWS) as inoculant in MBR for saline wastewater treatment. Granulation was observed in IWS-MBR during start-up, with increased sludge particle size (3.1-3.3 mm) and improved settling property (23.8 ml/g). The abundant inorganic particulates (acted as nuclei) and distinctive microbial community in IWS contributed to the granules formation. With the help of AGS, IWS-MBR system exhibited excellent TOC reduction of 90.3 ± 6.1% and significant TN reduction of 31.2 ± 5.0%, while the control MBR (Co-MBR) only showed 58.9 ± 7.2% and 10.4 ± 2.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, membrane fouling was mitigated in IWS-MBR, with a longer filtration cycle of 21.5 d, as compared with that of 8.9 d for Co-MBR. Microbial community analysis revealed that abundant functional bacteria associated with granulation and pollutants removal were enriched from IWS and set the basis for AGS formation and the superior treatment performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Dong Xu
- Changzhou Cloud Intelligent Environment Technology Co. Ltd., 124 East Taihu Road, Changzhou 213022, PR China
| | - Xuejun Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - How Yong Ng
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China.
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31
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Rajitha K, Sarvajith M, Venugopalan V, Nancharaiah Y. Development and performance of halophilic microalgae-colonized aerobic granular sludge for treating seawater-based wastewater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Miao S, Jin C, Liu R, Bai Y, Liu H, Hu C, Qu J. Microbial community structures and functions of hypersaline heterotrophic denitrifying process: Lab-scale and pilot-scale studies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123244. [PMID: 32339888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-nitrate wastewaters are known pose substantial risks to human and environmental health, while their effective treatment remains difficult. The denitrification of saline, high-NO3- wastewaters was investigated at the laboratory- and pilot-scale experiment. Complete denitrification was achieved for three different realistic wastewaters, and the maximum influent [NO3-]0 and salinity were as high as 20,500 mg/L and 7.8%, respectively. The results of microbial community structure analyses revealed that the sequences of denitrifying functional bacteria accounted for 96.2% of all sequences, and the functional genes for denitrification in bacteria were enriched with elevated salinity and [NO3-]0. A significant difference was observed in the dominant bacterial genus between synthetic and realistic wastewaters. Thauera and Halomonas species evolved to be the most common dominant genera contributing to the processes of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide reductase. This study is practically valuable for the treatment of realistic, saline, high-NO3- wastewaters via denitrification by heterotrophic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Miao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ruiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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33
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Yu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Dong J, Fu J, Xu X, Zhu L. Enhancement of PPCPs removal by shaped microbial community of aerobic granular sludge under condition of low C/N ratio influent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 394:122583. [PMID: 32289623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in domestic wastewater has caused great concern. In this study, the removal of two typical pharmaceuticals (Roxithromycin, ROX; Sulfamethoxazole, SMZ) in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors was investigated under condition of different C/N (carbon to nitrogen) ratios. Results showed that higher removal efficiencies of ROX and SMZ (95.2 % and 92.9 %) were achieved in the AGS reactor fed with low C/N influent. Batch experiments further revealed that the removal of ROX was influenced by the adsorption ability of the AGS while SMZ removal was mainly enhanced by biodegradation process. Analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) showed that the humic acid-like substances were enriched under low C/N condition, which was in accordance with dynamic change of microbial community. The microbes, like Thauera spp. and Xanthomonadaceae, were highly enriched in the reactor with high nitrogen loading rate and functioned as refractory organics degrader. Overall, the AGS process could achieve enhanced pharmaceuticals removal performance by the regulation of microbial community under low C/N influent, which provides insights into a feasible solution for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and trace organic pollutants in AGS reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuodong Yu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingjing Dong
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiashen Fu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution Control and Treatment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Kim C, Thao TT, Kim JH, Hwang I. Effects of the formation of reactive chlorine species on oxidation process using persulfate and nano zero-valent iron. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126266. [PMID: 32114343 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The chloride ion (Cl-) is a matrix ion that plays crucial roles in radical-based oxidation processes used to treat brackish or saline water. Here, the effects of the formation of reactive chlorine species on the performance of and reaction mechanisms involved in persulfate/nano zero-valent iron process were evaluated by investigating the reaction kinetics and performing reactive species scavenging tests. The phenol oxidation rate increased markedly in the early reaction stage in the presence of 25-200 mM of Cl-. This was because excess sulfate radicals (SO4-) reacted with Cl- to produce short-lived reactive chlorine species such as Cl and Cl2- rather than being scavenged by Fe2+ or other SO4-. The reactive chlorine species caused OH to form through radical propagation reactions. The total numbers of reactive species involved in phenol oxidation were higher at brackish to weakly saline Cl- concentrations than at lower and higher Cl- concentrations. At high Cl- concentrations (>400 mM), the phenol oxidation rate decreased because most of the SO4- reacted with Cl- to give large amounts of weaker oxidants such as Cl2- and HOCl. Acceleration of Fe corrosion by Cl- negligibly affected the persulfate/nano zero-valent iron oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheolyong Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Trinh Thi Thao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inseong Hwang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Wang J, Zhou J, Wang Y, Wen Y, He L, He Q. Efficient nitrogen removal in a modified sequencing batch biofilm reactor treating hypersaline mustard tuber wastewater: The potential multiple pathways and key microorganisms. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 177:115734. [PMID: 32278165 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study first compared the efficiencies and mechanisms of the nitrogen removal in an aerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) treating mustard tuber wastewater from high salt (30 gNaCl L-1) to ultra-high salt (70 gNaCl L-1). High-efficiency maintaining of nitrification was observed. Despite of high BOD5/TN (5.5-9), distinct denitrification decline for lack of carbon in response to salt stress was observed. Considering the high concentrations of sulfate in mustard wastewater, and the existence of sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-driven denitrifiers (DNSOB) in the aerobic SBBR, sulfate reduction-sulfur autotrophic denitrification process is a feasible idea to solve this problem. By modified to intermittent aeration mode, sulfur cycle was developed in SBBR. The average removal efficiency of COD, TN reached 85.20% and 98.56%, respectively. By batch activity tests and microbial community analysis, ammonia oxidation activity by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was observed, and high abundance of AOA (Arch-amoA/AOB amoA: 2.38 × 102) together with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) of Nitrosomonas_halophila (1.23%) ensured the high efficient nitrification. After running mode change, specific sulfur-driven NO3--N reduction rate increased and the abundance of dominant SRB and DNSOB rose from 3.95% to 10.79% and 2.22% to 9.95%, respectively. The sulfate-reducing process during anaerobic phase provided electron donors for subsequent autotrophic denitrification, making outlet NO3--N concentrations reduced from 18.26 mg L-1 to 1.93 mg L-1. The sulfur activity batch test showed that 73.80%∼80.92% of sulfate were circulation utilized, and rest of them conversed to the gaseous H2S and S0. In addition to DNSOB, anoxic denitrifier of Halomonas (22.91%), aerobic denitrifier of Phaeodactylibacter (2.75%) and endogenous denitrifier of Defluviicoccus (3.18%) were also dominant heterotrophic bacteria (all halophilic or halotolerant) in the intermittent aeration SBBR. Batch activity tests and periodic laws have also verified the existence of corresponding denitrification pathways. This study shows that the enrichment of special halophilic functional bacteria with multiple nitrogen removal pathways is a good idea for the efficient treatment of high-concentrated hypersaline industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Yingmu Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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Xu L, Zhang B, Peng X, Zhang X, Sun B, Sun H, Jiang C, Zhou S, Zeng X, Bai Z, Xu S, Zhuang X. Dynamic variations of microbial community structure in Myriophyllum aquaticum constructed wetlands in response to different NH4+-N concentrations. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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He Q, Wang H, Chen L, Gao S, Zhang W, Song J, Yu J. Elevated salinity deteriorated enhanced biological phosphorus removal in an aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor performing simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 390:121782. [PMID: 32014652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypersaline wastewater may pose threats to biological wastewater treatment processes. An aerobic granular sludge-based sequencing batch reactor (SBR) performing simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNDPR) was evaluated with increased salinity from 1 to 2 % (w/v). Nitrogen removal performance was unaffected by salinity up to 20 g/L in terms of reliable and efficient nitrification and denitrification. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process was completely deteriorated at salinity up to 2 %, in contrast to excellent phosphorus removal at 1 %. Profiles of phosphorus over one cycle demonstrated that higher salinity not only inhibited anaerobic phosphorus release but also impeded aerobic/anoxic phosphorus uptake. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed multiple halophilic and non-halophilic bacteria within aerobic granules with family Anaerolineaceae being the predominant potential salt adapter. Besides, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), glycogen accumulating organisms (GAOs) were more tolerant to salt than nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and denitrifying PAOs (DNPAOs). These results deciphered the resilience of aerobic granular sludge-based biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes to hypersaline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulai He
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuxian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jianyang Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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38
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Zhu Y, Wang W, Ni J, Hu B. Cultivation of granules containing anaerobic decolorization and aerobic degradation cultures for the complete mineralization of azo dyes in wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125753. [PMID: 31901528 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Granules which could efficiently mineralize azo dyes were cultivated through immobilization of aerobic degradation strains in a core composed of anaerobic decolorization cultures. The core was obtained in a up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor incubated with anaerobic decolorization bacteria. Aerobic degradation strains were then grown on the surface of the anaerobic core in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Three of the granules' surface layers demonstrated the occurrence of immobilization. The granulation process was monitored with 16S rDNA high throughput sequencing. Anaerobic decolorization cultures belonging to the genera of unclassified, Levilinea, and Petrimonas and the aerobic degradation genera of Thauera, unclassified, Thermomonas, and Ottowia were successfully fixed in the granules. The obtained granules were capable of decolorizing azo dyes under anaerobic situation, and the generated aromatic amines were then completely mineralized in aerated environment. Comparative studies on the relationship between removed contaminates and typical components concentrations in low to high strength azo dye wastewater showed that the granules have great potentials in treating wastewater with different complexity. The removal efficiency of COD and TOC was not restricted by loading concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China
| | - Wenzhong Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, PR China.
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39
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de Graaff DR, van Loosdrecht MCM, Pronk M. Biological phosphorus removal in seawater-adapted aerobic granular sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 172:115531. [PMID: 32004912 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seawater can be introduced or intrude in sewer systems and can thereby negatively influence biological wastewater treatment processes. Here we studied the impact of artificial seawater on the enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) process performance by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) with synthetic wastewater. Process performance, granule stability and characteristics as well as microbial community of a seawater-adapted AGS system were observed. In seawater conditions strong and stable granules formed with an SVI5 of 20 mL/g and a lower abrasion coefficient than freshwater-adapted granules. Complete anaerobic uptake of acetate, anaerobic phosphate release of 59.5 ± 4.0 mg/L PO43--P (0.35 mg P/mg HAc), and an aerobic P-uptake rate of 3.1 ± 0.2 mg P/g VSS/h were achieved. The dominant phosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) were the same as for freshwater-based aerobic granular sludge systems with a very high enrichment of Ca. Accumulibacter phosphatis clade I, and complete absence of glycogen accumulating organisms. The effect of osmotic downshocks was tested by replacing influent seawater-based medium by demineralized water-based medium. A temporary decrease of the salinity in the reactor led to a decreased phosphate removal activity, while it also induced a rapid release of COD by the sludge, up to 45.5 ± 1.7 mg COD/g VSS. This is most likely attributed to the release of osmolytes by the cells. Recovery of activity was immediately after restoring the seawater feeding. This work shows that functioning of aerobic granular sludge in seawater conditions is as stable as in freshwater conditions, while past research has shown a negative effect on operation of AGS processes with NaCl-based wastewater at the same salinity as seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny R de Graaff
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Pronk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands; Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan1914 35, Amersfoort, 3800, AL, the Netherlands
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40
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Li W, Yao JC, Zhuang JL, Zhou YY, Shapleigh JP, Liu YD. Metagenomics revealed the phase-related characteristics during rapid development of halotolerant aerobic granular sludge. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105548. [PMID: 32066002 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to produce aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for high-efficient and stable nutrient removal in high saline wastewaters have gained much attention recently. This study was undertaken to describe the phase-related characteristics of the rapid formation of glucose-fed salt-tolerant AGS (SAGS) generated from common municipal activated sludge using metagenomic approaches. The time needed for SAGS formation is about 11 days in a multi-ion matrix salinity of 3%. There were three distinct developmental phases during sludge maturation which were designated: I) the salinity adaptation phase (days 1-2), II) the particle-size transition phase (days 3-5) and III) the maturation and steady-state phase (days 6-11), respectively. Genome-based analysis revealed that during the phase I, members of the genus Mangrovibacter, which has the potential to secrete extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), dominated during the formation of initial SAGS aggregates. During phase II, fungi of the class Saccharomycetes, in particular the genus Geotrichum, became dominant and provided a matrix for bacterial attachment. This mutualistic interaction supported the rapid development and maintenance of mature SAGS. This work characterizes a robust approach for the rapid development of SAGS for efficient saline sewage treatment and provides unique insight into the granulation mechanism occurring during the development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Chi Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhuang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yong-di Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
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41
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Wu X, Li H, Lei L, Ren J, Li W, Liu Y. Tolerance to short-term saline shocks by aerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125370. [PMID: 31759216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In industrial wastewaters, rapid shifts of salinity leading to transient shocks caused damages on biological treatments. Aerobic granular sludge is a promising technology that showed its greater resistance to adverse conditions. However, the impact of short-term saline shocks on the performance of aerobic granular sludge process was not studied sufficiently. This study investigated salt-tolerance ability of aerobic granular sludge from aspects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and sludge concentration under different saline shocks that shock concentration ranged from 0 to 60 gNaCl/L and shock duration was set at 6 h. The results showed that no obvious change of sludge concentration after all saline shocks. Moreover, COD removal efficiencies could revert to 90.7% and 87.5% that was near to the previous level (90.9%) in short-term recovery after 20 g/L and 40 g/L saline shocks. However, stable COD removal efficiency (73.8%) could not recover to the previous level (90.9%) after 60 g/L saline shock. These results suggest aerobic granular sludge has an excellent ability to withstand up to 40 g/L saline shock. The corresponding salt-tolerance reasons could be explained from three aspects. After 40 g/L saline shock, the specific oxygen uptake rate of aerobic granular sludge could recover to ensure biological activity. Aerobic granular sludge with the integrity coefficients of 87.6% maintained compact structure. In addition, aerobic granular sludge with relative small DNA leakage of 177.2% has advantages to diminish damage on cell structure. These results provide further insight into the application of aerobic granular sludge for saline-shock wastewater treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jiongqiu Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Yongdi Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
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42
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Gao Y, Wang X, Li J, Lee CT, Ong PY, Zhang Z, Li C. Effect of aquaculture salinity on nitrification and microbial community in moving bed bioreactors with immobilized microbial granules. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122427. [PMID: 31784249 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The novel immobilized microbial granules (IMG) shows a significant effect of nitrification for freshwater aquaculture. However, there is lack of evaluation study on the performance of nitrification at high salinity due to the concentration of recycled water or seawater utilization. A laboratory scale moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) with IMG was tested on recycled synthetic aquaculture wastewater for the nitrification at 2.5 mg/L NH3-N daily. The results indicated that IMG showed a high salinity tolerance and effectively converted ammonia to nitrate up to 92% at high salinity of 35.0 g/L NaCl. As salinity increased from near zero to 35.0 g/L, the microbial activity of nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) in the IMG decreased by 86.32%. The microbial community analysis indicated that salinity significantly influenced the community structure. It was found that Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrospira sp. were the dominant genera for ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) and NOB respectively at different salinity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshu Gao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xupeng Wang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jialun Li
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chew Tin Lee
- School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Ying Ong
- Innovation Center in Agritechnology For Advanced Bioprocessing (ICA), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 84600 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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43
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Gao P, Guo L, Sun J, Wang Y, She Z, Gao M, Zhao Y, Jin C. Effect of alkyl polyglycosides on the performance of thermophilic bacteria pretreatment for saline waste sludge hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122307. [PMID: 31675649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, alkyl polyglycosides (APG) was used to further accelerate the hydrolysis of saline waste sludge with thermophilic bacteria (TB) pretreatment. In the presence of 0.4 g/g TSS APG, the concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), soluble carbohydrate and soluble protein in dissolved organic matters (DOM) were 0.4, 2.4 and 1.3 times of that without APG addition, respectively. Excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the addition of APG led to the increase of soluble microbial materials and the decrease of fulvic acid-like substances in DOM, which was beneficial for the subsequent process of anaerobic digestion. Using APG promoted the releasing of enzymes trapped in saline waste sludge and improved the activity of enzymes during hydrolysis. The activities of α-glucosidase and protease increased by 8.8% and 21.3% respectively in the presence of 0.4 g/g TSS APG comparing no APG addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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44
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Xia Z, Wang Q, She Z, Gao M, Zhao Y, Guo L, Jin C. Nitrogen removal pathway and dynamics of microbial community with the increase of salinity in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134047. [PMID: 31491641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process was successfully established in a hybrid sequencing batch biofilm reactor (HSBBR). High removal efficiency of NH4+-N (98.0±2.4% to 99.8±0.4%) and COD (86.6±4.0% to 91.6±1.8%) was observed in the salinity range of 0.0 to 2.4%. SND via nitrite, replacing SND via nitrate, became the main nitrogen removal pathway at 1.6% and 2.4% salinity. Suspended sludge and biofilm shared similar microbial composition. Dominant genera were substituted by salt-adaptable microbes as salinity increasing. Abundance of autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) increased with elevated salinity, while autotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrospira) exhibited extreme sensitivity to salinity. The presence of Gemmata demonstrated that heterotrophic nitrification co-existed with autotrophic nitrification in the SND process. Aerobic denitrifiers (Denitratisoma and Thauera) were also identified. Thiothrix, Sedimenticola, Sulfuritalea, Arcobacter (sulfide-based autotrophic denitrifier) and Hydrogenophaga (hydrogen-based autotrophic denitrifier) were detected in both S-sludge and biofilm. The occurrence of ANAMMOX bacteria Pirellula and Planctomyces indicated that ANAMMOX process was another pathway for nitrogen removal. Nitrogen removal in the HSBBR was accomplished via diverse pathways, including traditional autotrophic nitrification/heterotrophic denitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, aerobic and autotrophic denitrification, and ANAMMOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Xia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Qun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Zonglian She
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China.
| | - Mengchun Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China
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Liu W, Lian J, Guo J, Zhang C, Guo Y, Niu Y, Duan L. Perchlorate reduction by anaerobic granular sludge under different operation strategies: Performance, extracellular polymeric substances and microbial community. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quartaroli L, Silva CM, Silva LCF, Lima HS, de Paula SO, Dias RS, Carvalho KB, Souza RS, Bassin JP, da Silva CC. Effect of the gradual increase of salt on stability and microbial diversity of granular sludge and ammonia removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109273. [PMID: 31336338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Two sequential batch reactors were operated, aiming at forming aerobic granular sludge and studying the effects of the gradual increase of the NaCl concentration on the granule. structure and microbial diversity, and on the efficiency of ammonia removal. The reactors were fed with ammonia-enriched synthetic effluent and 5 g L-1 of NaCl per week were applied. A decrease in the size of the granules was observed until they were completely disintegrated as the salt concentration increased up to 10 g L-1. However, the ammonia removal efficiency remained high in all the salinities applied. By sequencing the 16S rRNA amplicon gene, the microbial community structure allowed the verification of the presence of several genera affiliated with the bacteria that perform both heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, besides those involved in the conventional nitrification and denitrification and the ANAMMOX process. Salinity affected the microbial population related to the formation and stability of the granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Quartaroli
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Cláudio Mudadu Silva
- Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Helena Santiago Lima
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Roberto Sousa Dias
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Karen Braathen Carvalho
- Department of Civil Engineering, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - João Paulo Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Huang JL, Wang HH, Alam F, Cui YW. Granulation of halophilic sludge inoculated with estuarine sediments for saline wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 682:532-540. [PMID: 31129541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a solution of the sludge loss in the treatment of saline wastewater, the granulation of halophilic sludge was explored in this study. The inoculated estuarine sediment was granulated to an average diameter of 1155 ± 102 μm under the selective settling pressure in the airlift sequencing batch reactor (SBR) when the influent organic loading rate (OLR) was doubled to 0.36 g COD/L·day. The results indicated that the OLR doubled the amount of total extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and that protein was predominant in the EPS (72.8 ± 2.0%). The correlation between aggregate size and protein content was better than that between aggregate size and polysaccharide content. The amount of alginate-like exopolysaccharides (ALE) increased linearly at the mature granular stage, co-occurring with the compact and elastic structure of the granules. According to the results of 16S rRNA high -throughput sequencing, the Shannon-Weaver index of mature granule decreased by >50% compared to the inoculated sediment. Bacteria of Propionibacteriaceae family constituted 34% of the population in granules and were in symbiotic relationship with halophiles of family Rhodocyclaceae, Vibrionaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Cryomorphaceae. The aerobic halophilic granular sludge showed COD removal efficiency of 90.9 ± 0.8% and ammonia removal efficiency of 72.6 ± 4.0% for 30 g/L saline wastewater. An average nitrite accumulation ratio of 94.5 ± 2.9% was observed during nitrification. Granulation of halophilic sludge provides an effective solution to the saline sludge loss problem, which is a step forward to realize the biological treatment of saline wastewater by halophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lin Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hao-Han Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fakhri Alam
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - You-Wei Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Achievement of partial nitrification under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and ammonia loading rate for the co-treatment of landfill leachate with municipal wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Macêdo WV, Sakamoto IK, Azevedo EB, Damianovic MHRZ. The effect of cations (Na +, Mg 2+, and Ca 2+) on the activity and structure of nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 679:279-287. [PMID: 31082601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters generated in regions with water scarcity usually have high alkalinity, hardness, and elevated osmotic pressure (OP). Those characteristics should be considered when using biological systems for wastewater treatment along with the salinity heterogeneity. The interaction of different salts in mixed electrolyte solutions may cause inhibition, antagonism, synergism, and stimulation effects on microbial communities. Little is known about those effects on microbial activity and community structure of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. In this work, factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of NaCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 on nitrifying and denitrifying communities. Antagonistic relationships between all salts were observed and they had greater magnitude on the nitrifying community. Stimulus and synernism were more evident on the nitrifying and denitrifying experiments, respectively. For this reason, the highest nitrification and denitrification specific rates were 1.1 × 10-1 mgN-NH4+ gSSV-1 min-1 for condition 01 and 6.5 × 10-2 mgN-NO3- gSSV-1 min-1 for control condition, respectively. The toxicity of the salts followed the order of NaCl > MgCl2 > CaCl2 and the antagonism between MgCl2 and NaCl was the most significant. PCR/DGGE analyses showed that Mg2+ may be the element that expresses the least influence in the differentiation of microbial structure even though it significantly affects the activity of the autotrophic microorganisms. The same behavior was observed for Ca2+ on denitrifying microorganism. In addition, microbial diversity and richness was not negatively affected by different salinities. Genetic sequencing suggested that the genus Aeromonas, Alishewanella, Azospirillum, Pseudoalteromonas, and Thioalkalivibrio were outstanding on ammonium and nitrate removal under saline conditions. The specific toxicity of each salt and the interactions among them are the major effects on microbial activity in biological wastewater treatments rather than the osmotic pressure caused by the final salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williane Vieira Macêdo
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), University of São Paulo (USP), 1100 João Dagnone Avenue, 13563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Isabel K Sakamoto
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), University of São Paulo (USP), 1100 João Dagnone Avenue, 13563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bessa Azevedo
- Environmental Technology Development Laboratory (LTDAmb), University of São Paulo (USP), 400 Trab. São Carlense Avenue, 13563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Helena R Z Damianovic
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), University of São Paulo (USP), 1100 João Dagnone Avenue, 13563-120 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach to Modelling of Selected Nitrogen Forms Removal from Oily Wastewater in Anaerobic and Aerobic GSBR Process Phases. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11081594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Paper presents artificial neural network models (ANN) approximating concentration of selected nitrogen forms in wastewater after sequence batch reactor operating with aerobic granular activated sludge (GSBR) in the anaerobic and aerobic phases. Aim of the study was to determine parameters conditioning effectiveness of selected nitrogen forms removal in GSBR reactor process phases. Models of artificial neural networks were developed separately for N-NH4, N-NO3 and total nitrogen concentration in particular process phases of GSBR reactor. In total, 6 ANN models were presented in this paper. ANN models were made as multilayer perceptron (MLP), which were learned using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithm. Developed ANN models indicated variables the most influencing of particular nitrogen forms in aerobic and anaerobic phase of GSBR reactor. Concentration of estimated nitrogen form at the beginning of anaerobic or aerobic phase, depending on ANN model, in all ANN models influenced approximated value. Obtained determination coefficients varied from 0.996 to 0.999 and were depending on estimated nitrogen form and GSBR process phase. Hence, developed ANN models can be used in further studies on modeling of nitrogen forms in anaerobic and aerobic phase of GSBR reactors.
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