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Wu J, Yao H. Enhanced Role of Streamflow Processes in the Evolutionary Trends of Dissolved Organic Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4772-4780. [PMID: 38423082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Investigating dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics and drivers in rivers enhances the understanding of carbon-environment linkages and support sustainability. Previous studies did not fully consider the dynamic nature of key drivers that influence the long-term changing trends in DOC concentration over time (the controlling factors and their roles in DOC trend can undergo alterations over time). We analyzed 42 years (1979-2018) of hydrometeorology, sulfate SO4, and DOC data from a 5.42 km2 watershed in central-southern Ontario, Canada. Our findings reveal a significant (p ≤ 0.01) overall increase in DOC concentrations, mainly due to the coevolution of SO4 and streamflow trends, especially the extreme flows. Over the 42-year period, the changing trend of streamflow (especially the extreme high or low flows) have significantly (p < 0.05) intensified their influence on DOC trends, increasing by an average of 30%. Conversely, the impact of SO4 has weakened, experiencing an average decrease of 32.6%. The upward trend in the annual average DOC concentration is attributed to the increasing number of maximum flow days within a year, while the decreasing trend in the number of minimum flow days has a contrasting effect. In other words, changes in maximum and minimum flow days have a counteracting effect on the DOC concentration trends. These results underscore the importance of considering the effects of altered streamflow processes on carbon cycle changes under evolving environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Huaxia Yao
- Inland Waters Unit, Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks, Dorset, Ontario P0A 1E0, Canada
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2
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Li D, Lin H, Guo L. Comparisons in molecular weight distributions and size-dependent optical properties among model and reference natural dissolved organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57638-57652. [PMID: 36971940 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) and reference natural organic matter (NOM) have been widely used in environmental assessment, biogeochemistry, and ecotoxicity studies. Nevertheless, similarities and differences among the commonly used model/reference NOMs and bulk dissolved organic matter (DOM) have rarely been systematically evaluated. In this study, HA, SNOM (Suwannee River NOM) and MNOM (Mississippi River NOM), both from International Humic Substances Society, and freshly collected unfractionated NOM (FNOM) were concurrently characterized to evaluate their heterogeneous nature and size-dependent chemical properties. We found that molecular weight distributions, PARAFAC-derived fluorescent components, and size-dependent optical properties are NOM-specific and highly variable with pH. The < 1 kDa DOM abundance followed the order of HA < SNOM < MNOM < FNOM. In addition, FNOM was more hydrophilic and contained more protein-like and autochthonous components with a higher UV-absorbance ratio index (URI) and biological fluorescence index, whereas HA and SNOM contained more allochthonous, humic-like components with a higher aromaticity and lower URI. Significant differences in molecular composition and size spectra between FNOM and model/reference NOMs suggest that environmental role of NOMs should be evaluated at the levels of molecular weight and functionalities under the same experimental conditions and that HA and SNOM may not represent bulk NOM in the environment. This study provides new information about similarities and differences in DOM size-spectra and chemical properties between reference NOMs and in-situ NOM and highlights the need to better understand the heterogenous roles of NOMs in regulating the toxicity/bioavailability and environmental fate of pollutants in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA.
- Ecology School, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA
- Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Laodong Guo
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA
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3
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Garayburu-Caruso VA, Danczak RE, Stegen JC, Renteria L, Mccall M, Goldman AE, Chu RK, Toyoda J, Resch CT, Torgeson JM, Wells J, Fansler S, Kumar S, Graham EB. Using Community Science to Reveal the Global Chemogeography of River Metabolomes. Metabolites 2020; 10:518. [PMID: 33419380 PMCID: PMC7767024 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
River corridor metabolomes reflect organic matter (OM) processing that drives aquatic biogeochemical cycles. Recent work highlights the power of ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry for understanding metabolome composition and river corridor metabolism. However, there have been no studies on the global chemogeography of surface water and sediment metabolomes using ultrahigh-resolution techniques. Here, we describe a community science effort from the Worldwide Hydrobiogeochemistry Observation Network for Dynamic River Systems (WHONDRS) consortium to characterize global metabolomes in surface water and sediment that span multiple stream orders and biomes. We describe the distribution of key aspects of metabolomes including elemental groups, chemical classes, indices, and inferred biochemical transformations. We show that metabolomes significantly differ across surface water and sediment and that surface water metabolomes are more rich and variable. We also use inferred biochemical transformations to identify core metabolic processes shared among surface water and sediment. Finally, we observe significant spatial variation in sediment metabolites between rivers in the eastern and western portions of the contiguous United States. Our work not only provides a basis for understanding global patterns in river corridor biogeochemical cycles but also demonstrates that community science endeavors can enable global research projects that are unfeasible with traditional research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A. Garayburu-Caruso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Robert E. Danczak
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - James C. Stegen
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Lupita Renteria
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Marcy Mccall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Amy E. Goldman
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Rosalie K. Chu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (R.K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Jason Toyoda
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (R.K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Charles T. Resch
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Joshua M. Torgeson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Jacqueline Wells
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Sarah Fansler
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Swatantar Kumar
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Emily B. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA; (V.A.G.-C.); (R.E.D.); (J.C.S.); (L.R.); (M.M.); (A.E.G.); (C.T.R.); (J.M.T.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Retelletti Brogi S, Balestra C, Casotti R, Cossarini G, Galletti Y, Gonnelli M, Vestri S, Santinelli C. Time resolved data unveils the complex DOM dynamics in a Mediterranean river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:139212. [PMID: 32446062 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) data and optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of DOM, weekly collected in the Arno River for 2 years, are used to investigate the main processes determining DOM temporal dynamics in a small Mediterranean river, with torrential hydrology and medium-high human impact, and to quantify the contribution of this river to Med Sea carbon budget. A clear seasonal cycle of DOM, with DOC values ranging between 170 and 490 μM, was observed. Optical properties indicates that DOM quality in the river is different depending on the season; terrestrial humic-like substances prevail in winter, when discharge and floods are the main drivers of DOM concentration and quality, whereas autochthonous protein-like substances prevail in spring and summer, when biological processes dominate. Our results provide a robust estimate of the DOC flux to the Med Sea (9.6 · 109 g DOC yr-1) and of its range of variability (12.95 · 109-5.12 · 109 g DOC yr-1). The 80% of this flux was generally delivered during autumn/winter with significant amounts ascribed to single flood events (up to 26% in 2014). This study, by providing a rich dataset on water quantity and quality and by quantifying the importance of the hydrological regime on DOC transport, represents an important step toward a quantitative modeling of the Arno River.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Balestra
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy
| | | | - Gianpiero Cossarini
- Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/C, 34010 Sgonico, (TS), Italy
| | - Yuri Galletti
- Istituto di Biofisica, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Vestri
- Istituto di Biofisica, CNR, Via G. Moruzzi, Pisa 56124, Italy
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5
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Butturini A, Herzsprung P, Lechtenfeld OJ, Venturi S, Amalfitano S, Vazquez E, Pacini N, Harper DM, Tassi F, Fazi S. Dissolved organic matter in a tropical saline-alkaline lake of the East African Rift Valley. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115532. [PMID: 32059128 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkaline lakes of the East African Rift are known to have an extremely high primary production supporting a potent carbon cycle. To date, a full description of carbon pools in these lakes is still missing. More specifically, there is not detailed information on the quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM), the main carbon energy source for heterotrophs prokaryotes. We report the first exhaustive description of DOM molecular properties in the water column of a meromictic saline-alkaline lake of the East African Rift. DOM availability, fate and origin were studied either quantitatively, in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) or qualitatively, in terms of optical properties (absorbance) and molecular characterization of solid-phase extracted DOM (SPE-DOM) through negative electrospray ionization Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). DOM availability was high (DOC ∼ 8.1 mM in surface waters) and meromixis imprinted a severe quantitative and qualitative change on DOM pool. At the surface, DOM was rich in aliphatic and moderately in aromatic molecules and thus mirroring autochthonous microbial production together with photodegradation. At the bottom changes were extreme: DOC increased up to 5 times (up to 50 mM) and, molecular signature drifted to saturated, reduced and non-aromatic DOM suggesting intense microbial activity within organic sediments. At the chemocline, DOC was retained indicating that this interface is a highly reactive layer in terms of DOM processing. These findings underline that saline-alkaline lakes of the East African Rift are carbon processing hot spots and their investigation may broaden our understanding of carbon cycling in inland waters at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Butturini
- Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia y Ciencies Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - P Herzsprung
- Department Lake Research, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - O J Lechtenfeld
- Department Analytical Chemistry, Research Group BioGeoOmics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Venturi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy; CNR - IGG Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - S Amalfitano
- CNR - IRSA Water Research Institute, Via Salaria km 29.300 - CP10, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - E Vazquez
- INS Valerià Pujol, Premià de Dalt, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Pacini
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - D M Harper
- Aquatic Ecosystem Services, Ltd., Drabblegate, Aylsham, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - F Tassi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy; CNR - IGG Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - S Fazi
- CNR - IRSA Water Research Institute, Via Salaria km 29.300 - CP10, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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6
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Tang J, Wang W, Yang L, Qiu Q, Lin M, Cao C, Li X. Seasonal variation and ecological risk assessment of dissolved organic matter in a peri-urban critical zone observatory watershed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:136093. [PMID: 31863979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Peri-urban ecosystems are among the most intensive areas in terms of competition between different ecosystem components. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a significant role in aquatic carbon cycling. The chemical composition of DOM and associated potential ecological risks in peri-urban aquatic ecosystems are poorly understood. Herein, we used fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) to characterize DOM in a peri-urban critical zone observatory watershed in Eastern China. According to the theory of natural disaster risk formation, we calculated the ecological risk of DOM in the peri-urban watershed. Seasonal variation in DOM concentrations was observed, whereas fluorescent DOM concentrations were site-specific across four sub-watersheds. The analysis of DOM absorption properties revealed the presence of DOM components with high aromatic content and large molecular weight in the watershed. Four fluorescent components (two humic-like and two protein-like substances) were identified using the PARAFAC model. Spatial distribution analysis showed that DOM quality was mainly influenced by human activities, and the proportion of protein-like substance (C3) was strongly correlated with anthropogenic parameters. The distribution of optical indices indicated diverse sources of DOM in the watershed. Ecological risk related to DOM was greater in the dry season than the wet season. There was a slight risk in most areas, with an extreme risk in areas experiencing the most intensive human disturbance, which were also extremely or heavily vulnerable. The results emphasize the strong influence of human disturbance on the ecological risk of DOM in peri-urban aquatic ecosystems. Our study provides useful information for ecological risk assessment of DOM that is difficult to obtain using traditional chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Wendong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qianlinglin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meixia Lin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Changli Cao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xinhu Li
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200082, China
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7
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Xu H, Houghton EM, Houghton CJ, Guo L. Variations in size and composition of colloidal organic matter in a negative freshwater estuary. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:931-941. [PMID: 29017134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic variations in chemical composition and size distribution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) along the river-lake interface in the Fox River plume were investigated using ultrafiltration, flow field-flow fractionation, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis. On average, ~67% of bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were partitioned in the <1kDa (actual cutoff 2.5kDa) low molecular weight fraction, and the other 33% were in the 1kDa-0.7μm colloidal phase. Concentrations of DOC and chromophoric DOM in the bulk and size-fractionated samples decreased monotonously with decreasing conductivity from river to bay waters, demonstrating a dominant terrestrial source and quasi conservative mixing behavior. However, the percentages of colloidal fluorescent-DOM increased while those of carbohydrates decreased from river to bay waters, showing different mixing behavior in the river plume. Colloidal chromophores and humic-like fluorophores were mainly partitioned in the size range of 1-6nm, but a bimodal distribution (with peaks at 1-6 and 35-45nm) was observed for colloidal protein-like DOM. Along the river-lake transect, the peak locations of chromophores, humic-like and small-sized protein-like colloids remained almost constant, while the larger-sized protein-like colloids exhibited a slight peak shift from 38.3 to 40.4nm, showing a molecular size enhancement from high to low conductivity waters, with physical mixing, photochemical/microbial degradation, and disaggregation/repartitioning being the important processes affecting the variations of DOM size and composition. New results herein should enhance our understanding of the heterogeneity of DOM in size and composition and its fate, transport and transformation at the river-lake interface and along the aquatic continuum as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA.
| | - Erin M Houghton
- Green Bay Metropolitan Sewerage District, Green Bay, WI 54302, USA
| | - Christopher J Houghton
- Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries Lab, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA
| | - Laodong Guo
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA
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8
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Amalfitano S, Fazi S, Ejarque E, Freixa A, Romaní AM, Butturini A. Deconvolution model to resolve cytometric microbial community patterns in flowing waters. Cytometry A 2017; 93:194-200. [PMID: 29265528 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry is suitable to discriminate and quantify aquatic microbial cells within a spectrum of fluorescence and light scatter signals. Using fixed gating and operational settings, we developed a finite distribution mixture model, followed by the Voronoi tessellation, to resolve bivariate cytometric profiles into cohesive subgroups of events. This procedure was applied to outline recurrent patterns and quantitative changes of the aquatic microbial community along a river hydrologic continuum. We found five major subgroups within each of the commonly retrieved populations of cells with Low and High content of Nucleic Acids (namely, LNA, and HNA cells). Moreover, the advanced analysis allowed assessing changes of community patterns perturbed by a wastewater feed. Our approach for cytometric data deconvolution confirmed that flow cytometry could represent a prime candidate technology for assessing microbial community patterns in flowing waters. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Freixa
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
| | - Anna M Romaní
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Andrea Butturini
- Departament de Biología Evolutiva, Ecología i Ciencias Ambientales, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Ejarque E, Freixa A, Vazquez E, Guarch A, Amalfitano S, Fazi S, Romaní AM, Butturini A. Quality and reactivity of dissolved organic matter in a Mediterranean river across hydrological and spatial gradients. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1802-1812. [PMID: 28545207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding DOM transport and reactivity in rivers is essential to having a complete picture of the global carbon cycle. In this study, we explore the effects of hydrological variability and downstream transport on dissolved organic matter (DOM) dynamics in a Mediterranean river. We sampled the main stem of the river Tordera from the source to the sea, over a range of fifteen hydrological conditions including extreme events (flood and drought). By exploring spatial and temporal gradients of DOM fluorescence properties, river hydrology was found to be a significant predictor of DOM spatial heterogeneity. An additional space-resolved mass balance analysis performed on four contrasting hydrological conditions revealed that this was due to a shift in the biogeochemical function of the river. Flood conditions caused a conservative transport of DOM, generating a homogeneous, humic-like spatial profile of DOM quality. Lower flows induced a non-conservative, reactive transport of DOM, which enhanced the spatial heterogeneity of DOM properties. Moreover, the downstream evolution of DOM chemostatic behaviour revealed that the role of hydrology in regulating DOM properties increased gradually downstream, indicating an organised inter-dependency between the spatial and the temporal dimensions. Overall, our findings reveal that riverine DOM dynamics is in constant change owing to varying hydrological conditions, and emphasize that in order to fully understand the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle, it is necessary to take into account the full range of hydrological variability, from floods to droughts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Ejarque
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Freixa
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
| | - Eusebi Vazquez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Guarch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Amalfitano
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Fazi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna M Romaní
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Andrea Butturini
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Sgroi M, Roccaro P, Korshin GV, Vagliasindi FGA. Monitoring the Behavior of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater-Impacted Rivers Based on the Use of Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrixes (EEM). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4306-4316. [PMID: 28351133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the applicability of fluorescence indexes based on the interpretation of excitation emission matrices (EEMs) by PARAFAC analysis and by selecting fluorescence intensities at a priori defined excitation/emission pairs as surrogates for monitoring the behavior of emerging organic compounds (EOCs) in two catchment basins impacted by wastewater discharges. Relevant EOC and EEM data were obtained for a 90 km stretch of the Simeto River, the main river in Sicily, and the smaller San Leonardo River, which was investigated for a 17 km stretch. The use of fluorescence indexes developed by these two different approaches resulted in similar observations. Changes of the fluorescence indexes that correspond to a group of humic-like fluorescing species were determined to be highly correlated with the concentrations of recalcitrant contaminants such as sucralose, sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine, which are typical wastewater markers in river water. Changes of the fluorescence indexes related to tyrosine-like substances were well correlated with the concentrations of ibuprofen and caffeine, anthropogenic indicators of untreated wastewater discharges. Chemical oxygen demand and dissolved organic carbon concentrations were correlated with humic-like fluorescence indexes. The observed correlations were site-specific and characterized by different regression parameters for every collection event. Caffeine and carbamazepine showed correlations with florescence indexes in the San Leonardo River and in the alluvial plain stretch of the Simeto River, whereas sucralose, sulfamethoxazole and ibuprofen have always been well correlated in all the investigated river stretches. However, when data of different collection events from river stretches where correlations were observed were combined, good linear correlations were obtained for data sets generated via the normalization of the measured concentrations by the average value for the corresponding collection event. These results show that fluorescence based indexes can be used to monitor the behavior of some trace organic contaminants in wastewater impacted rivers and to track wastewater discharges in streams and rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Sgroi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Roccaro
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Gregory V Korshin
- Department Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Box 352700, Seattle, Washington 98195-2700, United States
| | - Federico G A Vagliasindi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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