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Di Basilio D, King L, Lloyd S, Michael P, Shardlow M. Asking questions that are "close to the bone": integrating thematic analysis and natural language processing to explore the experiences of people with traumatic brain injuries engaging with patient-reported outcome measures. Front Digit Health 2024; 6:1387139. [PMID: 38983792 PMCID: PMC11231399 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1387139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) are valuable tools for assessing health-related quality of life and treatment effectiveness in individuals with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Understanding the experiences of individuals with TBIs in completing PROMs is crucial for improving their utility and relevance in clinical practice. Methods Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of individuals with TBIs. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Thematic Analysis (TA) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to identify themes and emotional connotations related to the experiences of completing PROMs. Results The TA of the data revealed six key themes regarding the experiences of individuals with TBIs in completing PROMs. Participants expressed varying levels of understanding and engagement with PROMs, with factors such as cognitive impairments and communication difficulties influencing their experiences. Additionally, insightful suggestions emerged on the barriers to the completion of PROMs, the factors facilitating it, and the suggestions for improving their contents and delivery methods. The sentiment analyses performed using NLP techniques allowed for the retrieval of the general sentimental and emotional "tones" in the participants' narratives of their experiences with PROMs, which were mainly characterised by low positive sentiment connotations. Although mostly neutral, participants' narratives also revealed the presence of emotions such as fear and, to a lesser extent, anger. The combination of a semantic and sentiment analysis of the experiences of people with TBIs rendered valuable information on the views and emotional responses to different aspects of the PROMs. Discussion The findings highlighted the complexities involved in administering PROMs to individuals with TBIs and underscored the need for tailored approaches to accommodate their unique challenges. Integrating TA-based and NLP techniques can offer valuable insights into the experiences of individuals with TBIs and enhance the interpretation of qualitative data in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Di Basilio
- Division of Health Research, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine King
- Department of Neuropsychology, North Staffordshire Combined Healthcare NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Lloyd
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Panayiotis Michael
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Shardlow
- Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Al-Hajj S, Farran SH, Dekmak B, Hneiny L, Abou Abbas H, Hassoun A, Youness N, Ghalayini S, Abou Khalil N, Lecky F, Shahjouieh S, Ghamlouche L, Nasrallah Z, Kobeissy F. Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Assess Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Risk Factors. Neurotrauma Rep 2023; 4:693-714. [PMID: 37908319 PMCID: PMC10615069 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) represents a major cause of child injuries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This review aims to assess pTBIs in the MENA region and reports their clinical severity and outcomes. A search was conducted using major electronic databases, including Medline/Ovid, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Abstracts were screened independently and in duplicate to detect original research. The objective and study findings for each article were recorded, along with the mechanism of pTBI, patient age and sex, injury assessment tool(s) used, and outcome. A total of 1345 articles were retrieved, of which 152 met the criteria for full-text review, and 32 were included in this review. Males predominantly suffered from pTBIs (78%). Motor vehicle accidents, followed by child abuse, were the leading causes of pTBI. Overall, 0.39% of cases were mild, 0.58% moderate, 16.25% severe, and 82.27% unclassified. The mortality rate was 13.11%. Most studies used the computed tomography scan, Glasgow Coma Scale, Abbreviated Injury Scale, and Injury Severity Score as investigation methods. This review reports on the alarming rate of child-abuse-related pTBI and offers further understanding of pTBI-associated risk factors and insight into the development of strategies to reduce their occurrence, as well as policies to promote child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Al-Hajj
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah H Farran
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Batoul Dekmak
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Layal Hneiny
- Saab Medical Library, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Abou Abbas
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aya Hassoun
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nadine Youness
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Ghalayini
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Abou Khalil
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fiona Lecky
- Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Shima Shahjouieh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, New Mexico
| | - Layal Ghamlouche
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zainab Nasrallah
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Buh FC, Sumbele IUN, Maas AIR, Motah M, Pattisapu JV, Youm E, Meh BK, Kobeissy FH, Wang KW, Hutchinson PJA, Taiwe GS. Traumatic Brain Injury in Cameroon: A Prospective Observational Study in a Level I Trauma Centre. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1558. [PMID: 37763678 PMCID: PMC10535664 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: About 14 million people will likely suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) per year by 2050 in sub-Saharan Africa. Studying TBI characteristics and their relation to outcomes can identify initiatives to improve TBI prevention and care. The objective of this study was to define the features and outcomes of TBI patients seen over a 1-year period in a level-I trauma centre in Cameroon. Materials and Methods: Data on demographics, causes, clinical aspects, and discharge status were collected over a period of 12 months. The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) and the Quality-of-Life Questionnaire after Brain Injury (QoLIBRI) were used to evaluate outcomes six months after TBI. Comparisons between two categorical variables were done using Pearson's chi-square test. Results: A total of 160 TBI patients participated in the study. The age group 15-45 years was most represented (78%). Males were more affected (90%). A low educational level was seen in 122 (76%) cases. Road traffic incidents (RTI) (85%), assaults (7.5%), and falls (2.5%) were the main causes of TBI, with professional bike riders being frequently involved (27%). Only 15 patients were transported to the hospital by ambulance, and 14 of these were from a referring hospital. CT-imaging was performed in 78% of cases, and intracranial traumatic abnormalities were identified in 64% of cases. Financial constraints (93%) was the main reason for not performing a CT scan. Forty-six (33%) patients were discharged against medical advice (DAMA) due to financial constraints. Mortality was 14% (22/160) and high in patients with severe TBI (46%). DAMA had poor outcomes with QoLIBRI. Only four patients received post-injury physical therapy services. Conclusions: TBI in Cameroon mainly results from RTIs and commonly affects young adult males. Lack of pre-hospital care, financial constraints limiting both CT scanning and medical care, and a lack of acute physiotherapy services likely influenced care and outcomes adversely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Chu Buh
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon (B.K.M.)
| | - Irene Ule Ngole Sumbele
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon (B.K.M.)
| | - Andrew I. R. Maas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, 2000 Edegem, Belgium;
| | - Mathieu Motah
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 2701, Cameroon;
| | - Jogi V. Pattisapu
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Eric Youm
- Holo Healthcare, Nairobi 00400, Kenya;
| | - Basil Kum Meh
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon (B.K.M.)
| | - Firas H. Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Riad El-Solh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Kevin W. Wang
- Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310-1458, USA;
| | | | - Germain Sotoing Taiwe
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon (B.K.M.)
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Mekkodathil A, El-Menyar A, Naduvilekandy M, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H. Machine Learning Approach for the Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Traumatic Brain Injury Using Bio-Clinical Markers at Presentation to the Emergency Department. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2605. [PMID: 37568968 PMCID: PMC10417008 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate prediction of in-hospital mortality is essential for better management of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been shown to be effective in predicting clinical outcomes. This study aimed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in TBI patients using ML algorithms. MATERIALS AND METHOD A retrospective study was performed using data from both the trauma registry and electronic medical records among TBI patients admitted to the Hamad Trauma Center in Qatar between June 2016 and May 2021. Thirteen features were selected for four ML models including a Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XgBoost), to predict the in-hospital mortality. RESULTS A dataset of 922 patients was analyzed, of which 78% survived and 22% died. The AUC scores for SVM, LR, XgBoost, and RF models were 0.86, 0.84, 0.85, and 0.86, respectively. XgBoost and RF had good AUC scores but exhibited significant differences in log loss between the training and testing sets (% difference in logloss of 79.5 and 41.8, respectively), indicating overfitting compared to the other models. The feature importance trend across all models indicates that aPTT, INR, ISS, prothrombin time, and lactic acid are the most important features in prediction. Magnesium also displayed significant importance in the prediction of mortality among serum electrolytes. CONCLUSIONS SVM was found to be the best-performing ML model in predicting the mortality of TBI patients. It had the highest AUC score and did not show overfitting, making it a more reliable model compared to LR, XgBoost, and RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahammed Mekkodathil
- Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
- Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | | | - Sandro Rizoli
- Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar; (S.R.)
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar; (S.R.)
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Ibeh S, Bakkar NMZ, Ahmad F, Nwaiwu J, Barsa C, Mekhjian S, Reslan MA, Eid AH, Harati H, Nabha S, Mechref Y, El-Yazbi AF, Kobeissy F. High fat diet exacerbates long-term metabolic, neuropathological, and behavioral derangements in an experimental mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Life Sci 2023; 314:121316. [PMID: 36565814 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a serious public health concern. Although TBI targets the brain, it can exert several systemic effects which can worsen the complications observed in TBI subjects. Currently, there is no FDA-approved therapy available for its treatment. Thus, there has been an increasing need to understand other factors that could modulate TBI outcomes. Among the factors involved are diet and lifestyle. High-fat diets (HFD), rich in saturated fat, have been associated with adverse effects on brain health. MAIN METHODS To study this phenomenon, an experimental mouse model of open head injury, induced by the controlled cortical impact was used along with high-fat feeding to evaluate the impact of HFD on brain injury outcomes. Mice were fed HFD for a period of two months where several neurological, behavioral, and molecular outcomes were assessed to investigate the impact on chronic consequences of the injury 30 days post-TBI. KEY FINDINGS Two months of HFD feeding, together with TBI, led to a notable metabolic, neurological, and behavioral impairment. HFD was associated with increased blood glucose and fat-to-lean ratio. Spatial learning and memory, as well as motor coordination, were all significantly impaired. Notably, HFD aggravated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Also, cell proliferation post-TBI was repressed by HFD, which was accompanied by an increased lesion volume. SIGNIFICANCE Our research indicated that chronic HFD feeding can worsen functional outcomes, predispose to neurodegeneration, and decrease brain recovery post-TBI. This sheds light on the clinical impact of HFD on TBI pathophysiology and rehabilitation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Ibeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour-Mounira Z Bakkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Judith Nwaiwu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Deparment of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Chloe Barsa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarine Mekhjian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Amine Reslan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Deparment of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alamein International University, Al-Alamein, Egypt.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), 720 Westview Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.
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6
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Khan NA, Asim M, El-Menyar A, Biswas KH, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H. The evolving role of extracellular vesicles (exosomes) as biomarkers in traumatic brain injury: Clinical perspectives and therapeutic implications. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:933434. [PMID: 36275010 PMCID: PMC9584168 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.933434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing effective disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) requires reliable diagnostic, disease activity, and progression indicators. While desirable, identifying biomarkers for NDs can be difficult because of the complex cytoarchitecture of the brain and the distinct cell subsets seen in different parts of the central nervous system (CNS). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, cell-derived, membrane-bound vesicles involved in the intercellular communication and transport of cell-specific cargos, such as proteins, Ribonucleic acid (RNA), and lipids. The types of EVs include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies based on their size and origin of biogenesis. A growing body of evidence suggests that intercellular communication mediated through EVs is responsible for disseminating important proteins implicated in the progression of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other NDs. Some studies showed that TBI is a risk factor for different NDs. In terms of therapeutic potential, EVs outperform the alternative synthetic drug delivery methods because they can transverse the blood–brain barrier (BBB) without inducing immunogenicity, impacting neuroinflammation, immunological responses, and prolonged bio-distribution. Furthermore, EV production varies across different cell types and represents intracellular processes. Moreover, proteomic markers, which can represent a variety of pathological processes, such as cellular damage or neuroinflammation, have been frequently studied in neurotrauma research. However, proteomic blood-based biomarkers have short half-lives as they are easily susceptible to degradation. EV-based biomarkers for TBI may represent the complex genetic and neurometabolic abnormalities that occur post-TBI. These biomarkers are not caught by proteomics, less susceptible to degradation and hence more reflective of these modifications (cellular damage and neuroinflammation). In the current narrative and comprehensive review, we sought to discuss the contemporary knowledge and better understanding the EV-based research in TBI, and thus its applications in modern medicine. These applications include the utilization of circulating EVs as biomarkers for diagnosis, developments of EV-based therapies, and managing their associated challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Clinical Research, Trauma Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Asim
- Clinical Research, Trauma Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Ayman El-Menyar
| | - Kabir H. Biswas
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sandro Rizoli
- Trauma Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Trauma Surgery Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Gender Discrepancy in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Study from a Level 1 Trauma Center. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3147340. [PMID: 36033574 PMCID: PMC9410800 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3147340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The objective of this study is to explore the gender discrepancy in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods. A retrospective analysis of Qatar Trauma Registry (QTR) was conducted among patients (age ≥14y) who were hospitalized with TBI. Data were collected and analyzed based on the gender and age. Results. Over 5 years (2014-2019), 9, 309 trauma patients (90% males and 10% females) were admitted to the trauma center. Of these, 1, 620 (17.4%) patients were hospitalized with TBI (94% males and 6% females). Motor vehicle crash was the main mechanism of injury (MOI) in females, and fall from height was predominant among males. Subdural hematoma (SDH) was the more frequent type of TBI in both genders, but it was more prevalent in male patients ≥55 years. Injury severity score, Glasgow coma scale, and head abbreviated injury score were comparable between males and females. The length of stay in the ICU and hospital and mortality were similar in both genders. However, mortality was higher among males ≥55 years when compared to 14-54 years within the same gender (21% vs. 12%,
). The crude and adjusted odds ratio did not show that gender is a significant predictor of mortality among TBI patients. Conclusions. Although the incidence and MOI of TBI show significant differences between male and female patients, the severity and outcomes are comparable.
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Ghandour HZ, Abou-Abbass H, Al-Hajj S, El Sayed M, Harati H, Kabbani S, Tabbara M, Kobeissy F, Tamim H, Research Group TBI. Traumatic brain injury patient characteristics and outcomes in Lebanon: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.29392/001c.32364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mazen El Sayed
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | | | | | - Hani Tamim
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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9
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Haidar MA, Shakkour Z, Barsa C, Tabet M, Mekhjian S, Darwish H, Goli M, Shear D, Pandya JD, Mechref Y, El Khoury R, Wang K, Kobeissy F. Mitoquinone Helps Combat the Neurological, Cognitive, and Molecular Consequences of Open Head Traumatic Brain Injury at Chronic Time Point. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020250. [PMID: 35203460 PMCID: PMC8869514 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disease in its origin, neuropathology, and prognosis, with no FDA-approved treatments. The pathology of TBI is complicated and not sufficiently understood, which is the reason why more than 30 clinical trials in the past three decades turned out unsuccessful in phase III. The multifaceted pathophysiology of TBI involves a cascade of metabolic and molecular events including inflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, an open head TBI mouse model, induced by controlled cortical impact (CCI), was used to investigate the chronic protective effects of mitoquinone (MitoQ) administration 30 days post-injury. Neurological functions were assessed with the Garcia neuroscore, pole climbing, grip strength, and adhesive removal tests, whereas cognitive and behavioral functions were assessed using the object recognition, Morris water maze, and forced swim tests. As for molecular effects, immunofluorescence staining was conducted to investigate microgliosis, astrocytosis, neuronal cell count, and axonal integrity. The results show that MitoQ enhanced neurological and cognitive functions 30 days post-injury. MitoQ also decreased the activation of astrocytes and microglia, which was accompanied by improved axonal integrity and neuronal cell count in the cortex. Therefore, we conclude that MitoQ has neuroprotective effects in a moderate open head CCI mouse model by decreasing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Haidar
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (M.A.H.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Zaynab Shakkour
- Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Chloe Barsa
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (M.A.H.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Maha Tabet
- Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), University of Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), 31062 Toulouse, France;
| | - Sarin Mekhjian
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (M.A.H.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Hala Darwish
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (M.A.H.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Mona Goli
- Chemistry and Bioehcmistry Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.G.); (Y.M.)
| | - Deborah Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection (BTN) Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.S.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Jignesh D. Pandya
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection (BTN) Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (D.S.); (J.D.P.)
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Chemistry and Bioehcmistry Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.G.); (Y.M.)
| | - Riyad El Khoury
- Neuromuscular Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Correspondence: (R.E.K.); (K.W.); (F.K.)
| | - Kevin Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (R.E.K.); (K.W.); (F.K.)
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (M.A.H.); (C.B.); (S.M.); (H.D.)
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Correspondence: (R.E.K.); (K.W.); (F.K.)
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TIAN Y, ZHAO R, LI X, ZHOU J, ZHAN D, WANG Y, HE Y, ZHANG J, YUAN H. Alterations of microRNAs expression profiles in small extracellular vesicle after traumatic brain injury in mice. Exp Anim 2022; 71:329-337. [PMID: 35249933 PMCID: PMC9388336 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Tools available for diagnosis and therapy are limited. Small extracellular vesicle (sEV)
microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in TBI disease progression. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in sEV miRNAs expression in the mouse brain extracellular space after
TBI. Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups (12/group). The TBI group was subjected to all surgical procedures and fluid percussion injury (FPI). The sham group only
underwent surgery. Brain specimens were collected 3 h after TBI/sham. The brain sEV were isolated. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. A total of 50 miRNAs were observed to be
differentially expressed (fold change ≥1.5 and P<0.05) after TBI, including 5 upregulated and 45 downregulated. The major enriched Gene Ontology terms were metabolic
processes, cell, intracellular, organelle, cytoplasm, axon, binding, protein kinase activity, protein binding, and protein dimerization activity. The KEGG pathway analysis predicted that the
pathways affected by the variation of miRNAs in sEVs after TBI included the Wnt signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. The changes in five miRNAs were confirmed by qRT-PCR. In
conclusion, this study demonstrated the differential expression of a series of miRNAs in brain sEV after TBI, which might be correlated with post-TBI physiological and pathological
processes. The findings might also provide novel targets for further investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying TBI and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye TIAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ruiting ZHAO
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital
| | - Xiaochun LI
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Ju ZHOU
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Daqiang ZHAN
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Yuanzhi WANG
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Yifan HE
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Jiacheng ZHANG
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University
| | - Hengjie YUAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University
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11
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Asim M, El-Menyar A, Parchani A, Nabir S, Ahmed MN, Ahmed Z, Ramzee AF, Al-Thani A, Al-Abdulmalek A, Al-Thani H. Rotterdam and Marshall Scores for Prediction of in-hospital Mortality in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: An observational study. Brain Inj 2021; 35:803-811. [PMID: 34076543 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2021.1927181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: We aimed to assess the prognostic value of Rotterdam and Marshall scoring systems to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients with TBI who underwent head computerized tomography (CT) scan at a Level I trauma center between 2011 and 2018. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the cutoff values for predicting in-hospital mortality.Results: A total of 1035 patients with TBI were included with a mean age of 30 years. The mean Rotterdam and Marshall scores were higher among non-survivors (p = .001). Patients with higher Rotterdam (>3) or Marshall (>2) CT scores were older, had higher injury severity scores and in-hospital mortality and had lower GCS and blood ethanol levels than those with lower scores. The cutoff point of Rotterdam score was 3.5 (sensitivity, 61.2%; specificity, 85.6%) and Marshall score was 2.5 (74.3% sensitivity and 76.3% specificity). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that Marshall and Rotterdam scoring systems were independent predictors of mortality (odds ratio 8.4; 95% confidence interval 4.95-14.17 and odds ratio 4.4; 95% confidence interval 2.36-9.39, respectively).Conclusion: Rotterdam and Marshall CT scores have independent prognostic values in patients with TBI even in alcoholic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asim
- Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Trauma and Vascular Surgery Section, Clinical Research, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar.,Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ashok Parchani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed Nabir
- Department of Radiology, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Zahoor Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Doha, Qatar
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12
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Alkhaibary A, Alshalawi A, Althaqafi RMM, Alghuraybi AA, Basalamah A, Shammaa AM, Altalhy AA, Abdelrahman TM. Traumatic Brain Injury: A Perspective on the Silent Epidemic. Cureus 2021; 13:e15318. [PMID: 34221767 PMCID: PMC8238020 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological data regarding the causes, patterns, severity, and outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are essential to plan for preventive strategies addressing this public health epidemic. The main aim of this study is to explore the patterns and causes of traumatic brain injury at two trauma centers. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a pre-tested validated data collection sheet. Data were collected from the medical records and electronic database of patients who presented to the emergency department with head trauma. Variables including the mechanisms, patterns of the injury, accompanying injuries, level of consciousness, and hospitalization duration were investigated for any possible association. Results: A total of 269 patients (78% males, 22% females) who satisfied our study criteria were included in the final analysis. Motor vehicle collisions were the most common reason for traumatic brain injury (57.6%) followed by falls (28.3%). There was a statistically significant association observed between type of hemorrhage and Glasgow coma scale at initial presentation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The most common cause of traumatic brain injury is motor vehicle collisions, followed by falls. The public should be made aware of the importance of using safety and precautionary measures to minimize the impact of traumatic brain injuries. Educational programs for neurotrauma prevention can be developed and utilized as a blueprint for local hospitals and officials in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkhaibary
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU.,Neurosurgery, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU.,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Ali Basalamah
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Saud University Medical City/King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ahmed M Shammaa
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, POL
| | - Ali A Altalhy
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, SAU
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13
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Al-Hajj S, Hammoud Z, Colnaric J, Ataya M, Macaron MM, Kadi K, Harati H, Phipps H, Mondello S, Tamim H, Abou Abbass H, Kobeissy F. Characterization of Traumatic Brain Injury Research in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Review. Neuroepidemiology 2021; 55:1-12. [PMID: 33567436 DOI: 10.1159/000511554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern worldwide with a large impact in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region as a consequence of protracted wars and conflicts that adversely affect the general population. Currently, systematic TBI studies in the MENA region are lacking, nonetheless they are immensely needed to enhance trauma management and increase survival rates among TBI patients. This systematic review aims to characterize TBI in the MENA region to guide future policy choices and research efforts and inform tailored guidelines capable of improving TBI management and patient treatment and outcome. Furthermore, it will serve as a road map to evaluate and assess knowledge of trauma impact on regional health systems that can be adopted by health-care providers to raise awareness and improve trauma care. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search strategy of several databases including MEDLINE/Ovid, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and the grey literature in accordance with the PROSPERO systematic review protocol CRD42017058952. Abstracts were screened, and selected eligible studies were reviewed independently by 2 reviewers. We collected demographics information along with TBI characteristics, mortality rates, and regional distribution. Data were extracted using REDCap and checked for accuracy. RESULTS The search strategy yielded 23,385 citations; 147 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Motor vehicle accident (MVA) was the leading cause of TBI (41%) in the MENA region, followed by the military- (15.6%) and fall- (8.8%) related TBI. Males predominantly suffer from TBI-related injuries (85%), with a high prevalence of MVA- and military-related TBI injuries. The TBI mortality rate was 12.9%. The leading causes of mortality were MVA (68%), military (20.5%), and assault (2.9%). The vast majority of reported TBI severity was mild (63.1%) compared to moderate (10.7%) and severe TBI (20.2%). Patients mainly underwent a Glasgow Coma Scale assessment (22.1%), followed by computed tomography scan (8.9%) and surgery (4.1%). CONCLUSIONS Despite its clinical, social, and economic burden, the evidence of TBI research in the MENA region is scarce. Further research and high-quality epidemiological studies are urgently needed to gain a deep understanding of the TBI burden in the region, facilitate the allocation of adequate resources, implement effective preventive and intervention strategies and advise on the TBI patient management as reflective on the TBI patterns and modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Al-Hajj
- Health Management and Policy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Hammoud
- Health Management and Policy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jure Colnaric
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marie Michele Macaron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kamil Kadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Abou Abbass
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Surgery, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA,
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14
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Ismail H, Shakkour Z, Tabet M, Abdelhady S, Kobaisi A, Abedi R, Nasrallah L, Pintus G, Al-Dhaheri Y, Mondello S, El-Khoury R, Eid AH, Kobeissy F, Salameh J. Traumatic Brain Injury: Oxidative Stress and Novel Anti-Oxidants Such as Mitoquinone and Edaravone. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100943. [PMID: 33019512 PMCID: PMC7601591 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern worldwide and is classified based on severity into mild, moderate, and severe. The mechanical injury in TBI leads to a metabolic and ionic imbalance, which eventually leads to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a state of oxidative stress. To date, no drug has been approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of TBI. Nevertheless, it is thought that targeting the pathology mechanisms would alleviate the consequences of TBI. For that purpose, antioxidants have been considered as treatment options in TBI and were shown to have a neuroprotective effect. In this review, we will discuss oxidative stress in TBI, the history of antioxidant utilization in the treatment of TBI, and we will focus on two novel antioxidants, mitoquinone (MitoQ) and edaravone. MitoQ can cross the blood brain barrier and cellular membranes to accumulate in the mitochondria and is thought to activate the Nrf2/ARE pathway leading to an increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Edaravone is a free radical scavenger that leads to the mitigation of damage resulting from oxidative stress with a possible association to the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Ismail
- Department of Neurology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Zaynab Shakkour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Maha Tabet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Samar Abdelhady
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt;
| | - Abir Kobaisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Reem Abedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Leila Nasrallah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Yusra Al-Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE;
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy;
| | - Riyad El-Khoury
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neuromuscular Diagnostic Laboratory, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (A.H.E.); (F.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4891) (A.H.E.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4805) (F.K.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 7359) (J.S.)
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.); (M.T.); (A.K.); (R.A.); (L.N.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.E.); (F.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4891) (A.H.E.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4805) (F.K.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 7359) (J.S.)
| | - Johnny Salameh
- Department of Neurology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
- Correspondence: (A.H.E.); (F.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4891) (A.H.E.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4805) (F.K.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 7359) (J.S.)
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15
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Sawaya RD, Wakil C, Wazir A, Shayya S, Berbari I, Safa R, Makki M, Hamade M, Tamim H. Does implementation of the PECARN rules for minor head trauma improve patient-centered outcomes in a lower resource emergency department: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:439. [PMID: 32943022 PMCID: PMC7499971 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managing children with minor head trauma remains challenging for physicians who evaluate for the need for computed tomography (CT) imaging for clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) identification. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) prediction rules were adopted in our pediatric emergency department (PED) in December 2013 to identify children at low risk for ciTBI. This study aimed to evaluate this implementation's impact on CT rates and clinical outcomes. METHODS Retrospective cohort study on pediatric patients with head trauma presenting to the PED of the American University of Beirut Medical Center in Lebanon. Participants were divided into pre- (December 2012 to December 2013) and post-PECARN (January 2014 to December 2016) groups. Patients were further divided into < 2 and ≥ 2 years and stratified into groups of low, intermediate and high risk for ciTBI. Bivariate analysis was conducted to determine differences between both groups. RESULTS We included 1362 children of which 425 (31.2%) presented pre- and 937 (68.8%) presented post-PECARN rules implementation with 1090 (80.0%) of low, 214 (15.7%) of intermediate and 58 (4.3%) of high risk for ciTBI. CTs were ordered on 92 (21.6%) pre- versus 174 (18.6%) patients post-PECARN (p = 0.18). Among patients < 2 years, CT rates significantly decreased from 25.2% (34/135) to 16.5% (51/309) post-PECARN (p = 0.03), and dropped in all risk groups but only significantly for low risk patients from 20.7% (24/116) to 11.4% (30/264) (p = 0.02). There was no significant decrease in CT rates in patients ≥2 years (20% pre (58/290) vs 19.6% post (123/628), p = 0.88). There was no increase in bounce back numbers, nor in admission rates or positive CT findings among bounce backs. CONCLUSIONS PECARN rules implementation did not significantly change the overall CT scan rate but reduced the CT scan rate in patients aged < 2 years at low risk of ciTBI. The implementation did not increase the number of missed ciTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha D Sawaya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Wakil
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Adonis Wazir
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Shayya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Iskandar Berbari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rawan Safa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maha Makki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahdi Hamade
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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16
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Summaka M, Zein H, Elias E, Naim I, Fares Y, Nasser Z. Prediction of quality of life by Helsinki computed tomography scoring system in patients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2020; 34:1229-1236. [PMID: 32730092 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2020.1799435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to assess the association between the Computed Tomography (CT) findings on admission, according to the Helsinki computed tomography CT score, and patient's Quality of Life (QoL) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Lebanon. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 49 males suffering from war induced TBI. Participants were stratified into two groups based on the date of injury. Helsinki CT score was calculated for CT scans of participants. Outcomes were assessed using QoL scales including the Project for the Epidemiological Analysis of Critical Care Patients scale (PAEEC). RESULTS Correlation analysis showed that QoL, up to 4 years post-TBI, was significantly associated with Helsinki CT classification. Group 1 of subjects living with TBI for 1-2 years revealed a correlation coefficient r = 0.536, p-value = 0.027, whereas, group 2 including subjects who are injured since 3-4 years, had a correlation coefficient r = 0.565, p-value = 0.001. CONCLUSION The present study showed that patients with traumatic brain injury experienced significant quality of life deterioration up to 4 years post-TBI. Our findings propose the important role of Helsinki score in predicting the quality of life among patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Summaka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Zein
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Elias Elias
- Department of Complex and minimally invasive spine surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute , Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ibrahim Naim
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Fares
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Nasser
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University , Hadath, Lebanon
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17
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Ozoner B, Kilic M, Aydin L, Aydin S, Arslan YK, Musluman AM, Yilmaz A. Early cranioplasty associated with a lower rate of post-traumatic hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 46:919-926. [PMID: 32494837 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-020-01409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is one of the primary complications during the course of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to define factors associated with the development of PTH in patients who underwent unilateral decompressive craniectomy (DC) for TBI. METHODS A total of 126 patients, who met the inclusion criteria of the study, were divided into two groups: patients with PTH (n = 25) and patients without PTH (n = 101). Their demographic, clinical, radiological, operative, and postoperative factors, which may be associated with the development of PTH, were compared. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that cranioplasty performed later than 2 months following DC was significantly associated with the requirement for ventriculoperitoneal shunting due to PTH (p < 0.001). Also, a significant unfavorable outcome rate was observed in patients with PTH at 1-year follow-up according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that early cranioplasty within 2 months after DC was associated with a lower rate of PTH development after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Ozoner
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey. .,School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kilic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Aydin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seckin Aydin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Okmeydani Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Kemal Arslan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Murat Musluman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adem Yilmaz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Liu XYE, Park E, Barretto T, Liu E, Ferrier GA, Tavakkoli J, J Baker A. Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular Cell-Conditioned Media in an Adult Zebrafish Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Zebrafish 2020; 17:177-186. [PMID: 32434437 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological events of secondary brain injury contribute to poor outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The neuroprotective effects of mesenchymal cells have been extensively studied and evidence suggests that their effects are mostly mediated through paracrine effects. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with potential therapeutic value in TBI. In this study, we assessed the effect of HUCPVC-conditioned media (CM) in an established adult zebrafish model of TBI induced by pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU). This model demonstrates similarities to mammalian outcome after TBI. Administration of HUCPVC-CM 1 h postinjury (hpi) resulted in improved outcome after pHIFU-induced TBI. Western blot and immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that the HUCPVC-CM reduced (p < 0.05) reactive astrogliosis at 24 hpi. Moreover, at 24 hpi, the HUCPVC-CM treatment resulted in reduced apoptosis in HUCPVC-CM-treated zebrafish. Behavioral analysis demonstrated improvement in locomotor activity (p < 0.05) and anxiety (p < 0.05) at 6 and 24 hpi following HUCPVC-CM treatment. Overall, HUCPVC-CM treatment improved acute outcome measures in pHIFU-injured zebrafish. Collectively, the data demonstrate a cell-free treatment approach for traumatic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tanya Barretto
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elaine Liu
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jahan Tavakkoli
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew J Baker
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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19
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Tropeano MP, Spaggiari R, Ileyassoff H, Park KB, Kolias AG, Hutchinson PJ, Servadei F. A comparison of publication to TBI burden ratio of low- and middle-income countries versus high-income countries: how can we improve worldwide care of TBI? Neurosurg Focus 2019; 47:E5. [DOI: 10.3171/2019.8.focus19507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVETraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem and more than 70% of trauma-related deaths are estimated to occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nevertheless, there is a consistent lack of data from these countries. The aim of this work is to estimate the capacity of different and heterogeneous areas of the world to report and publish data on TBI. In addition, we wanted to estimate the countries with the highest and lowest number of publications when taking into account the relative TBI burden.METHODSFirst, a bibliometric analysis of all the publications about TBI available in the PubMed database from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018, was performed. These data were tabulated by country and grouped according to each geographical region as indicated by the WHO: African Region (AFR), Region of the Americas (PAH), South-East Asia Region (SEAR), European Region (EUR), Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), and Western Pacific Region (WPR). In this analysis, PAH was further subdivided into Latin America (AMR-L) and North America (AMR-US/Can). Then a “publication to TBI volume ratio” was derived to estimate the research interest in TBI with respect to the frequency of this pathology.RESULTSBetween 2008 and 2018 a total of 8144 articles were published and indexed in the PubMed database about TBI. Leading WHO regions in terms of contributions were AMR-US/Can with 4183 articles (51.36%), followed by EUR with 2003 articles (24.60%), WPR with 1507 (18.50%), AMR-L with 141 articles (1.73%), EMR with 135 (1.66%), AFR with 91 articles (1.12%), and SEAR with 84 articles (1.03%). The highest publication to TBI volume ratios were found for AMR-US/Can (90.93) and EUR (21.54), followed by WPR (8.71) and AMR-L (2.43). Almost 90 times lower than the ratio of AMR-US/Can were the ratios for AFR (1.15) and SEAR (0.46).CONCLUSIONSAn important disparity currently exists between countries with a high burden of TBI and those in which most of the research is conducted. A call for improvement of data collection and research outputs along with an increase in international collaboration could quantitatively and qualitatively improve the ability of LMICs to ameliorate TBI care and develop clinical practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Tropeano
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaggiari
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Hernán Ileyassoff
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Kee B. Park
- 2Global Neurosurgery Initiative, Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angelos G. Kolias
- 3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, University of Cambridge; and
- 4Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Hutchinson
- 3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, University of Cambridge; and
- 4Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Franco Servadei
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
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Tiruneh A, Siman-Tov M, Givon A, Trauma Group I, Peleg K. Comparison between traumatic brain injury with and without concomitant injuries: an analysis based on a national trauma registry 2008-2016. Brain Inj 2019; 34:213-223. [PMID: 31661634 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1683893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare demographic, injury and hospitalization characteristics and mortality between Isolated and Non-Isolated traumatic brain injury.Methods: A retrospective study based on the Israeli National Trauma Registry of patients hospitalized for traumatic brain injury (TBI) between 2008 and 2016. Isolated TBI was defined as no other anatomic region was having concomitant injury with AIS ≥2. X2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis.Results: Of the 23566-study population, 40.4% were admitted for isolated TBI. Isolated TBI was significantly more frequent in elderly aged ≥65 years, female, Jews, and injuries sustained at home or in residential institution. The Non-isolated TBI was greater in road traffic injuries, particularly among pedestrians and motor cyclists, and in violence injuries. The Non-isolated TBI group had greater injury severity and hospital resource utilization. In-hospital mortality was higher in the patients with Non-isolated TBI [OR: 1.56(95% CI: 1.33-1.83)], particularly in patients with GCS 13-15; elderly aged 65+ years; and patients with concomitant injuries to abdomen, spine or external body regions.Conclusion: In a patient with TBI, concomitant injuries with AIS ≥2 matter, and awareness of the identified factors has relevance for guiding injury prevention efforts and indeed for potentially improving care and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Tiruneh
- Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Maya Siman-Tov
- Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adi Givon
- Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Israel Trauma Group
- Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel, Israel Trauma Group includes: H. Bahouth, A. Becker, A. Hadary, I. Jeroukhimov, M. Karawani, B. Kessel, Y. Klein, G. Lin, O. Merin, B. Miklush, Y. Mnouskin, A. Rivkind, G. Shaked, G. Sibak, D. Soffer, M. Stein, M. Wais, H. Pharan and I. Garbetzev
| | - Kobi Peleg
- Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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El-Menyar A, Consunji R, Asim M, Mekkodathil A, Latifi R, Smith G, Parchani A, Al-Thani H. Traumatic brain injury in patients screened for blood alcohol concentration based on the mechanism of injury. Brain Inj 2019; 33:419-426. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1553065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rafael Consunji
- Injury Prevention, Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Asim
- Clinical Research, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahammed Mekkodathil
- Clinical Research, Trauma &Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rifat Latifi
- Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Gordon Smith
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashok Parchani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Regner A, Meirelles LDS, Ikuta N, Cecchini A, Simon D. Prognostic utility of circulating nucleic acids in acute brain injuries. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:925-938. [PMID: 30307786 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1535904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute brain injuries represent major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nevertheless, therapeutic options are centered mainly on supportive care, and accurate prognosis prediction following traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke remains a challenge in clinical settings. Areas covered: Circulating DNA and RNA have shown potential as predictive molecules in acute brain injuries. In particular, plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels have been correlated to severity, mortality, and outcome after TBI and stroke. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the most widely used technique for determination of cfDNA in brain injuries; however, to consider the use of cfDNA in emergency settings, a quicker and easier methodology for detection should be established. A recent study proposed detection of cfDNA applying a rapid fluorescent test that showed compatible results with qPCR. Expert commentary: As a promising perspective, detection of cfDNA levels using simple, rapid, and cheap methodology has potential to translate to clinic as a point-of-care marker, supporting the clinical decision-making in emergency care settings. Conversely, miRNA profiles may be used as signatures to determine the type and severity of injuries. Additionally, in the future, some miRNAs may constitute innovative neurorestorative therapies without the common hurdles associated with cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Regner
- a School of Medicine , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde) , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Lindolfo da Silva Meirelles
- a School of Medicine , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde) , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Nilo Ikuta
- b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde) , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil
| | - Andre Cecchini
- a School of Medicine , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde) , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil.,c Neurosurgery Service , Cristo Redentor Hospital , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Daniel Simon
- a School of Medicine , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil.,b Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde) , Lutheran University of Brazil , Canoas , RS , Brazil
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El-Menyar A, Consunji R, Abdelrahman H, Latifi R, Wahlen BM, Al-Thani H. Predictors and Time-Based Hospital Mortality in Patients with Isolated and Polytrauma Brain Injuries. World J Surg 2018; 42:1346-1357. [PMID: 29063224 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We studied the predictors and time-based mortality in patients with isolated and polytrauma brain injuries in a rapidly developing country. We hypothesized that TBI-related 30-day mortality is decreasing over time. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted for all patients with moderate-to-severe TBI who were admitted directly to a level 1 trauma center between 2010 and 2014. Patient's data were analyzed and compared according to survival (survived vs. not survived), time (early death [2 days], intermediate [3-7 days] versus late [>7 days]) post-injury, and type (polytrauma vs. isolated TBI). Cox proportional hazards models were performed for the predictors of mortality. RESULTS A total of 810 patients were admitted with moderate-to-severe TBI with a median age of 27 years. Traffic-related injury was the main mechanism of TBI (65%). Isolated TBIs represented 22.6% of cases and 56% had head AIS >3. The overall mortality rate was 27%, and most of deaths occurred in the intermediate (40%) and early period (38%). The incidence of TBI was greater in patients aged 21-30 years but the mortality was proportionately higher among elderly. The average annual incidence was 8.43 per 100,000 population with an overall mortality of 2.28 per 100,000 population. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that polytrauma had greater mortality than isolated TBI. However, Cox survival analysis showed that age [Hazard ratio (HR) 1.02], scene GCS (HR 0.86),subarachnoid hemorrhage (HR 1.7), and blood transfusion amount (HR 1.03) were the predictors of mortality regardless of being polytrauma or isolated TBI after controlling for 14 relevant covariates. CONCLUSIONS The 30-day survival in patients with TBI is improving over the years in Qatar; however, the mortality remains high in the elderly males. The majority of deaths occurred within a week after the injury. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term survival in patients with moderate-to-severe TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Menyar
- Clinical Research, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rafael Consunji
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Husham Abdelrahman
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rifat Latifi
- Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Bianca M Wahlen
- Department of Anesthesia, Trauma Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma Surgery Section, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of D-dimer level upon admission in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) through performing a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for potential eligible literature. The study characteristics and relevant data were extracted. Poor functional outcome was defined according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS ≤3). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the predictive value of D-dimer for progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI) and poor functional outcome at 3 months (3M GOS ≤3) in patients with TBI. RESULTS Eleven studies with 2761 patients were included. Eight studies examined the predictive role of higher D-dimer level for the risk of PHI, and the pooled OR was 1.72 (95% CI, 1.23-2.42). Three studies examined the predictive role of higher D-dimer level for the risk of 3M GOS ≤3, and the pooled OR was 2.00 (95% CI, 0.87-4.59). Significant between-study heterogeneities were observed, and sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were performed. No significant publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, in patients with TBI, higher D-dimer level upon admission was associated with higher risk of PHI, yet no significant relationship was found between D-dimer level and the risk of 3M GOS ≤3. In the future, this readily available marker could help identify patients at risk and tailor management of these patients, thus reducing PHI and improving outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min He
- Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Xie BS, Wang YQ, Lin Y, Zhao CC, Mao Q, Feng JF, Cao JY, Gao GY, Jiang JY. Circular RNA Expression Profiles Alter Significantly after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:1659-1666. [PMID: 29357736 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-shu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-qin Wang
- Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-cheng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-feng Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-yu Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-yi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-yao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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26
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Wang J, Han F, Zhao Q, Xia B, Dai J, Wang Q, Le C, Huang S, Li Z, Liu J, Yang M, Wan C, Wang J. Clinicopathological Characteristics of Traumatic Head Injury in Juvenile, Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3256-3264. [PMID: 29773781 PMCID: PMC5987611 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic head injury is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. How clinicopathological features differ by age remains unclear. This epidemiological study analyzed the clinicopathological features of patients with head injury belonging to 3 age groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data of patients with traumatic head injury were obtained from the Department of Cerebral Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University and the Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital in 2011-2015. Their clinicopathological parameters were assessed. The patients were divided into 3 age groups: elderly (≥65 years), middle-aged (18-64 years), and juvenile (≤17 years) individuals. RESULTS Among 3356 hospitalizations for traumatic head injury (2573 males and 783 females, 654 died (19.49%), the highest and lowest mortality rates were in the elderly and juvenile groups, respectively. Fall was the most common cause in juvenile and elderly individuals (32.79% and 43.95%, respectively), while traffic injury was most common in the elderly group (35.08%). The manners of injury differed considerably among the 3 age groups. Scalp injury, skull fracture, intracranial hematoma, and cerebral injury were the most common mechanisms in juvenile (67.32%), middle-aged (63.50%), elderly (69.56%) and middle-aged (90.44%) individuals, respectively. Scalp injury and skull fracture types differed among the groups. Epidural, subdural, and intracerebral hematomas were most common in juvenile, middle-aged, and elderly individuals, respectively. Cerebral contusion showed the highest frequency in the 3 groups, and concussion the lowest. CONCLUSIONS Patients with traumatic HI show remarkable differences in clinicopathological features among juvenile, middle-aged, and elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Dai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Cuiyun Le
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Shimei Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Jiangjin Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Changwu Wan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang, P.R. China
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