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Kattar A, V. Lage E, Casas M, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Langmuir monolayer studies of non-ionic surfactants and DOTMA for the design of ophthalmic niosomes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25887. [PMID: 38380035 PMCID: PMC10877279 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increase in diabetes entails a rise in associated diseases, with diabetic retinopathy on the forefront of the ocular complications. To overcome the challenges posed by ocular barriers, self-assembled nanocarriers have gathered increasing attention in recent years, with niosomes revealing themselves to be suitable for the delivery of a variety of drugs. This study investigated the mechanical properties of Langmuir monolayers comprising cholesterol, Tween 60, and 1,2-di-O-octadecenyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTMA), both individually and in binary and ternary systems. The cholesterol monolayer was characterized by an L-shaped isotherm, reflecting two surface aggregation states. Tween 60 exhibited expanded conformation and progressive aggregation, transitioning through a phase change. The addition of cholesterol to Tween 60 resulted in a subtle reduction in surface compressional modulus. The compression isotherms highlighted the stabilizing effect of cholesterol on the monolayer, affecting the film's resistance to compression. The introduction of DOTMA in Tween 60 monolayers revealed concentration-dependent effects, where the compression resistance of the film was proportional to DOTMA concentration. Ternary systems of cholesterol, DOTMA and Tween 60 exhibited unique behavior, with DOTMA enhancing film stability and cholesterol modulating this effect. Temperature and subphase ionic strength variations further exacerbated the effects of DOTMA concentration. Brewster Angle Microscopy confirmed the absence of microdomains in the compressed monolayer, supporting the hypothesis of a monolayer collapse. Overall, the research provided valuable insights into the intricate interactions and mechanical behavior of these surfactant systems and the feasibility of obtaining cationic niosome-based drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kattar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emílio V. Lage
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Biomembranes Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matilde Casas
- Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Biomembranes Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Tang S, An X, Sun W, Zhang Y, Yang C, Kang X, Sun Y, Jiang L, Zhao X, Gao Q, Ji H, Lian F. Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336123. [PMID: 38419958 PMCID: PMC10899692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), as microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, are currently the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and blindness, respectively, in the adult working population, and they are major public health problems with social and economic burdens. The parallelism between the two in the process of occurrence and development manifests in the high overlap of disease-causing risk factors and pathogenesis, high rates of comorbidity, mutually predictive effects, and partial concordance in the clinical use of medications. However, since the two organs, the eye and the kidney, have their unique internal environment and physiological processes, each with specific influencing molecules, and the target organs have non-parallelism due to different pathological changes and responses to various influencing factors, this article provides an overview of the parallelism and non-parallelism between DN and DR to further recognize the commonalities and differences between the two diseases and provide references for early diagnosis, clinical guidance on the use of medication, and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong An
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cunqing Yang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hangyu Ji
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chando A, Basudkar V, Gharat S, Momin M, Khan T. Development and preclinical assessment of nanoemulgel loaded with phytoconstituents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:524-541. [PMID: 37606759 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, natural ingredients have gained importance for therapeutic treatment due to their minimal toxicity. However, the delivery of these phytoconstituents poses a challenge to provide better efficacy. Current research reports the development of nanoemulgel (NEG) loaded with ginger oleoresin (GOR) and lipid guggul extract (LGE) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nanoemulsion (NE) was developed using the spontaneous emulsification technique by the pseudo-ternary method. The optimized nanoemulsion exhibited globule size of 16.08 ± 2.55 nm, PDI of 0.187 ± 0.06, and zeta potential of - 22.4 ± 0.31 mV. The cumulative release from in vitro diffusion studies at pH 7.4 was about 99.72 ± 3.47%, 57.98 ± 2.11%, and 86.42 ± 5.13% of 6-gingerol, E-guggulsterone, and Z-guggulsterone respectively at the end of 24 h. The ex vivo studies on porcine ear skin showed sustained release with 92.8 ± 3.21% for 6-gingerol, 55.61 ± 0.91% for E-guggulsterone, and 84.2 ± 4.22% for Z-guggulsterone released at the end of 24 h. The cell culture studies on RAW 264.7 cells indicated a robust inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production indicating its efficacy in the management of RA. The preclinical studies on male Wistar rats suggest that the developed NEG exhibited a comparable decrease in paw edema inflammation as compared to the marketed diclofenac sodium gel. These encouraging results demonstrate the potential of the developed nanoemulgel containing combination of GOR and LGE for the management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Chando
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vivek Basudkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sankalp Gharat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
- SVKM's Shri C. B. Patel Research Centre for Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Sharma Y, Patel P, Kurmi BD. A Mini-review on New Developments in Nanocarriers and Polymers for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Strategies. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:488-508. [PMID: 37143264 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230504115446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The eye is an important and vital organ of the human body consisting of two segments - anterior and posterior segments and these segments are associated with many diseases. This review elaborates upon the various eye-related diseases with their medications and carriers used to deliver them. Delivery strategies include drugs encapsulated into liposomes, polymeric micelles of drugs, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nano emulsions, and Nanosuspension used to improve penetrating properties, bioavailability, and residence time of the drugs as examples available in the literature. With regard to this, different forms of ocular drug delivery are classified and elaborated. Additionally, the possibility of addressing the physical and chemical complexities of ocular diseases and how they could be overcome with environmentally stable nanoformulations are briefly discussed. Enhanced drug delivery efficiency with various novel pharmaceuticals along with enhanced uptake by different routes/modes of drug administration. Current advancements in drug carrier systems, i.e., nanocarriers, have shown promise for improving the retention time, drug permeation and prolonging the duration of release of the drug in the ocular site. Bio-degradable polymers investigated for the preparation of nanocarriers for the entrapment of drugs and to enhance the efficacy through improved adherence of tissue in the eye, sustained release measures, enhanced bioavailability, lower toxicity, and targeted delivery is applicable. This review covers the introduction of various nanocarriers and polymers for ocular drug delivery with the purpose of enhancing the absorption, retention and bioavailability of medications in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
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5
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Böhm EW, Buonfiglio F, Voigt AM, Bachmann P, Safi T, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Oxidative stress in the eye and its role in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102967. [PMID: 38006824 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs through an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense mechanisms of cells. The eye is particularly exposed to oxidative stress because of its permanent exposure to light and due to several structures having high metabolic activities. The anterior part of the eye is highly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and possesses a complex antioxidant defense system to protect the retina from UV radiation. The posterior part of the eye exhibits high metabolic rates and oxygen consumption leading subsequently to a high production rate of ROS. Furthermore, inflammation, aging, genetic factors, and environmental pollution, are all elements promoting ROS generation and impairing antioxidant defense mechanisms and thereby representing risk factors leading to oxidative stress. An abnormal redox status was shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of various ocular diseases in the anterior and posterior segment of the eye. In this review, we aim to summarize the mechanisms of oxidative stress in ocular diseases to provide an updated understanding on the pathogenesis of common diseases affecting the ocular surface, the lens, the retina, and the optic nerve. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing oxidative stress in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Wilma Böhm
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Voigt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Bachmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tarek Safi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Binkhathlan Z, Ali R, Alomrani AH, Abul Kalam M, Alshamsan A, Lavasanifar A. Role of Polymeric Micelles in Ocular Drug Delivery: An Overview of Decades of Research. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5359-5382. [PMID: 37769017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Local drug delivery to the eye through conventional means has faced many challenges due to three essential barriers: (a) the complex structure of the cornea limiting drug absorption, (b) the capacity of ocular absorptive cells in drug metabolism, and (c) the washing effect of eye tears. Polymeric micelles (PMs) have been the focus of much interest for ocular drug delivery due to several advantages they provide for this application, including the capacity for the solubilization of hydrophobic drugs, nonirritability, nanoscopic diameter, and the clarity of their aqueous solution not interfering with vision. The potential to increase the release and residence time of incorporated medication at the site of absorption is also a bonus advantage for these delivery systems. This Review covers research conducted on single or mixed micelles prepared from small amphiphilic molecules, copolymers (diblock, triblock, and graft), and gel systems containing micelles. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the status of micellar ocular delivery systems for different indications, with a focus on preclinical and clinical drug development. In this context, we are discussing the anatomy of the eye, various ocular barriers, different micellar formulations, and their benefits in ocular drug delivery, as well as the role of PMs in the management of ocular diseases both in preclinical models and in clinic. The encouraging preclinical effectiveness findings from experiments conducted in both laboratory settings and live animals have paved the way for the advancement of micellar systems in clinical trials for ocular administration and the first nanomicallar formulation approved for clinical use by the United States Food and Drug Administration (marketed as Cequa by Sun Pharmaceuticals).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad Binkhathlan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raisuddin Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Alomrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Abul Kalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2 V4, Canada
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7
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Cai R, Zhang L, Chi H. Recent development of polymer nanomicelles in the treatment of eye diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1246974. [PMID: 37600322 PMCID: PMC10436511 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1246974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The eye, being one of the most intricate organs in the human body, hosts numerous anatomical barriers and clearance mechanisms. This highlights the importance of devising a secure and efficacious ocular medication delivery system. Over the past several decades, advancements have been made in the development of a nano-delivery platform based on polymeric micelles. These advancements encompass diverse innovations such as poloxamer, chitosan, hydrogel-encapsulated micelles, and contact lenses embedded with micelles. Such technological evolutions allow for sustained medication retention and facilitate enhanced permeation within the eye, thereby standing as the avant-garde in ocular medication technology. This review provides a comprehensive consolidation of ocular medications predicated on polymer nanomicelles from 2014 to 2023. Additionally, it explores the challenges they pose in clinical applications, a discussion intended to aid the design of future clinical research concerning ocular medication delivery formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The People’s Hospital of Jiuquan, Jiuquan, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People’s Hospital of Jiuquan, Jiuquan, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Gabai A, Zeppieri M, Finocchio L, Salati C. Innovative Strategies for Drug Delivery to the Ocular Posterior Segment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1862. [PMID: 37514050 PMCID: PMC10385847 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative and new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have recently been developed to vehicle treatments and drugs to the ocular posterior segment and the retina. New formulations and technological developments, such as nanotechnology, novel matrices, and non-traditional treatment strategies, open new perspectives in this field. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight promising strategies reported in the current literature based on innovative routes to overcome the anatomical and physiological barriers of the vitreoretinal structures. The paper also describes the challenges in finding appropriate and pertinent treatments that provide safety and efficacy and the problems related to patient compliance, acceptability, effectiveness, and sustained drug delivery. The clinical application of these experimental approaches can help pave the way for standardizing the use of DDSs in developing enhanced treatment strategies and personalized therapeutic options for ocular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gabai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Lucia Finocchio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nuovo Ospedale Santo Stefano, 59100 Prato, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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de Lima CSA, Rial-Hermida MI, de Freitas LF, Pereira-da-Mota AF, Vivero-Lopez M, Ferreira AH, Kadłubowski S, Varca GHC, Lugão AB, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Mucoadhesive gellan gum-based and carboxymethyl cellulose -based hydrogels containing gemcitabine and papain for bladder cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124957. [PMID: 37217049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Local treatment of bladder cancer faces several limitations such as short residence time or low permeation through urothelium tissue. The aim of this work was to develop patient-friendly mucoadhesive gel formulations combining gemcitabine and the enzyme papain for improved intravesical chemotherapy delivery. Hydrogels based on two different polysaccharides, gellan gum and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), were prepared with either native papain or papain nanoparticles (nanopapain) to explore for the first time their use as permeability enhancers through bladder tissue. Gel formulations were characterized regarding enzyme stability, rheological behavior, retention on bladder tissue and bioadhesion, drug release properties, permeation capacity, and biocompatibility. After 90 days of storage, the enzyme loaded in the CMC gels retained up to 83.5 ± 4.9 % of its activity in the absence of the drug, and up to 78.1 ± 5.3 with gemcitabine. The gels were mucoadhesive and the enzyme papain showed mucolytic action, which resulted in resistance against washing off from the urothelium and enhanced permeability of gemcitabine in the ex vivo tissue diffusion tests. Native papain shortened lag-time tissue penetration to 0.6 h and enhanced 2-fold drug permeability All formulations demonstrated pseudoplastic behavior and no irritability. Overall, the developed formulations have potential as an upgraded alternative to intravesical therapy for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S A de Lima
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP-University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, No. 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - M Isabel Rial-Hermida
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Lucas Freitas de Freitas
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP-University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, No. 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana F Pereira-da-Mota
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Vivero-Lopez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aryel Heitor Ferreira
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP-University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, No. 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; MackGraphe - Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Sao Paulo 01302-907, Brazil
| | - Sławomir Kadłubowski
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry (IARC), Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego No. 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
| | - Gustavo H C Varca
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP-University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, No. 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ademar B Lugão
- Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, IPEN-CNEN/SP-University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, No. 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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10
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Rodella U, Honisch C, Gatto C, Ruzza P, D'Amato Tóthová J. Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102283. [PMID: 37242167 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to discuss the delicate balance between the physiological production of reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidant nutraceutical molecules in managing radicals in the complex anatomical structure of the eye. Many molecules and enzymes with reducing and antioxidant potential are present in different parts of the eye. Some of these, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, and enzymatic antioxidants, are endogenously produced by the body. Others, such as plant-derived polyphenols and carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, and E, zinc and selenium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, must be obtained through the diet and are considered essential nutrients. When the equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen species and their scavenging is disrupted, radical generation overwhelms the endogenous antioxidant arsenal, leading to oxidative stress-related eye disorders and aging. Therefore, the roles of antioxidants contained in dietary supplements in preventing oxidative stress-based ocular dysfunctions are also discussed. However, the results of studies investigating the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation have been mixed or inconclusive, indicating a need for future research to highlight the potential of antioxidant molecules and to develop new preventive nutritional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Rodella
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus (FBOV), 30174 Zelarino, Italy
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
| | - Claudia Honisch
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR (ICB-CNR), Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Gatto
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruzza
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR (ICB-CNR), Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jana D'Amato Tóthová
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
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11
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Bierbrauer KL, Comini LR, Leonhard V, Escobar Manzanelli MA, Castelli G, Farfán S, Alasino RV, Beltramo DM. Eudragit Films as Carriers of Lipoic Acid for Transcorneal Permeability. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071793. [PMID: 37050407 PMCID: PMC10097161 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent disease affecting almost 10% of the world population; it is characterized by acute and chronic conditions. Diabetic patients have twenty-five times higher risk of going blind and developing cataracts early than the general population. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) is a highly valuable natural antioxidant for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmic complications, such as diabetic keratopathy and retinopathy. However, its applicability is limited due to its low solubility in water; therefore, suitable systems are required for its formulation. In this work we developed an erodible insert based on Eudragit E100 (E PO) and Lipoic Acid (LA) for the delivery of this compound for the preventive treatment of ocular diseases especially in diabetic patients. Film evaluation was carried out by mechanical and thermal properties, mucoadhesivity, drug release, dynamic light scattering and corneal permeability as the concentration of LA increased. It was shown that upon LA release, it forms nanoparticles in combination with E PO that favor corneal permeation and LA retention in the cornea. These E PO-LA films also resulted non-irritable hence they are promising for their application in the treatment of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L. Bierbrauer
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
| | - Laura R. Comini
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
| | - Victoria Leonhard
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
| | - Micaela A. Escobar Manzanelli
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Castelli
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
| | - Silvia Farfán
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
| | - Roxana V. Alasino
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
| | - Dante M. Beltramo
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CCT Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba CP X5000, Argentina
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12
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Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Aimed to the Ocular Delivery of Mangiferin: In Vitro Evidence. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030951. [PMID: 36986812 PMCID: PMC10053599 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mangiferin (MGN) is a natural antioxidant that could be a good candidate for the treatment of ocular diseases, its use in ophthalmology is strongly compromised due to its high lipophilicity. Its encapsulation in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) seems to be an interesting strategy for improving its ocular bioavailability. As reported in our previous work, MGN–NLC showed high ocular compatibility and fulfilled the nanotechnological requirements needed for ocular delivery. The aim of the present work was to investigate, in vitro and ex vivo, the capability of MGN–NLC to act as a potential drug delivery system for MGN ocular administration. The data obtained in vitro on arising retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) did not show cytotoxic effects for blank NLC and MGN–NLC; likewise, MGN–NLC showed the maintenance of the antioxidant role of MGN by mitigating ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) formation and GSH (glutathione) depletion induced by H2O2. In addition, the capacity of MGN-released to permeate through and accumulate into the ocular tissues was confirmed ex vivo using bovine corneas. Finally, the NLC suspension has been formulated as a freeze-dried powder using mannitol at a concentration of 3% (w/v) in order to optimize its storage for long periods of time. All this evidence suggests a potential application of MGN–NLC in the treatment of oxidative stress-related ocular diseases.
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13
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Li Z, Han Y, Ji Y, Sun K, Chen Y, Hu K. The effect of a-Lipoic acid (ALA) on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in high glucose-induced human corneal epithelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:735-748. [PMID: 36058948 PMCID: PMC9988813 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress and inflammation had been proved to play important role in the progression of diabetic keratopathy (DK). The excessive accumulation of AGEs and their bond to AGE receptor (RAGE) in corneas that cause the formation of oxygen radicals and the release of inflammatory cytokines, induce cell apoptosis. Our current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of ALA on AGEs accumulation as well as to study the molecular mechanism of ALA against AGE-RAGE axis mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in HG-induced HCECs, so as to provide cytological basis for the treatment of DK. METHODS HCECs were cultured in a variety concentration of glucose medium (5.5, 10, 25, 30, 40, and 50 mM) for 48 h. The cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was investigated with the Annexin V- fluorescein isothiocyanate (V-FITC)/PI kit, while, the apoptotic cells were determined by flow cytometer and TUNEL cells apoptosis Kit. According to the results of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, 25 mM glucose medium was used in the following HG experiment. The effect of ALA on HG-induced HCECs was evaluated. The HCECs were treated with 5.5 mM glucose (normal glucose group, NG group), 5.5 mM glucose + 22.5 mM mannitol (osmotic pressure control group, OP group), 25 mM glucose (high glucose group, HG group) and 25 mM glucose + ALA (HG + ALA group) for 24 and 48 h. The accumulation of intracellular AGEs was detected by ELISA kit. The RAGE, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), cleaved cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 (Cleaved caspase-3), Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 ß), and interleukin 18 (IL-18) were quantified by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and Immunofluorescence, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated by fluorescence microscope and fluorescence microplate reader. RESULTS When the glucose medium was higher than 25 mM, cell proliferation was significantly inhibited and apoptosis ratio was increased (P < 0.001). In HG environment, ALA treatment alleviated the inhibition of HCECs in a dose-dependent manner, 25 μM ALA was the minimum effective dose. ALA could significantly reduce the intracellular accumulation of AGEs (P < 0.001), activate protein and genes expression of CAT and SOD2 (P < 0.001), and therefore inhibited ROS-induced oxidative stress and cells apoptosis. Besides, ALA could effectively down-regulate the protein and gene level of RAGE, TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1B, IL-18 (P < 0.05), and therefore alleviated AGEs-RAGE-TLR4-NLRP3 pathway-induced inflammation in HG-induced HCECs. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that ALA could be a desired treatment for DK due to its potential capacity of reducing accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and down-regulating AGE-RAGE axis-mediated oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammation in high glucose (HG)-induced human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), which may provide cytological basis for therapeutic targets that are ultimately of clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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Kennedy MA, Zhang Y, Bhatia SR. In situsaxs characterization of thermoresponsive behavior of a poly(ethylene glycol)-graft-(poly(vinyl caprolactam)-co-poly(vinyl acetate)) amphiphilic graft copolymer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:125602. [PMID: 36595237 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acab6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the thermoresponsive assembly and rheology of an amphiphilic thermosensitive graft copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-graft-(poly(vinyl caprolactam)-co-poly(vinyl acetate)) (commercial name Soluplus®), which has been investigated for potential biomedical applications. It has received attention due to is ability to solubilize hydrophobic drugs and for its thickening behavior close to body temperature. Through use of the synchrotron at Brookhaven National Lab, and collaboration with the department of energy, the nanoscale structure and properties can be probed in greater detail. Soluplus®undergoes two structural changes as temperature is increased; the first, a concentration independent change where samples become turbid at 32 °C. Increasing the temperature further causes the formation of physically associated hydrogels. This sol-gel transition is concentration dependent and occurs at 32 °C for 40 wt% samples, and increases to 42 °C for 10 wt% samples. From variable temperature SAXS characterization micelles of 20-25 nm in radius can be seen and maintain their size and packing below 32 °C. A gradual increase in the aggregation of micelles corresponding to a thickening of the material is also observed. Close to and above the gelation temperature, micelles collapse and form a physically associated 3D network. A model is proposed to explain these physical effects, where the poly(vinyl caprolactam) group transitions from the hydrophilic corona at room temperature to the hydrophobic core as temperature is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States of America
| | - Yugang Zhang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - Surita R Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States of America
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15
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Nagai N, Otake H. Novel drug delivery systems for the management of dry eye. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114582. [PMID: 36283491 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a frequently observed eye complaint, which has recently attracted considerable research interest. Conventional therapy for DED involves the use of artificial tear products, cyclosporin, corticosteroids, mucin secretagogues, antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, ocular drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology are currently the focus of significant research effort and several nanotherapeutics, such as nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, microemulsions, liposomes and nanomicelles, are in clinical trials and some have FDA approval as novel treatments for DED. Thus, there has been remarkable progress in the design of nanotechnology-based approaches to overcome the limitations of ophthalmic formulations for the management of anterior eye diseases. This review presents research results on diagnostic methods for DED, current treatment options, and promising pharmaceuticals as future therapeutics, as well as new ocular drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Otake
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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16
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Vivero-Lopez M, Sparacino C, Quelle-Regaldie A, Sánchez L, Candal E, Barreiro-Iglesias A, Huete-Toral F, Carracedo G, Otero A, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Pluronic®/casein micelles for ophthalmic delivery of resveratrol: In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo tests. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Zhang C, Yin Y, Zhao J, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Niu L, Zheng Y. An Update on Novel Ocular Nanosystems with Possible Benefits in the Treatment of Corneal Neovascularization. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4911-4931. [PMID: 36267540 PMCID: PMC9578304 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s375570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is an ocular pathological change that results from an imbalance between angiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors as a result of various ocular insults, including infection, inflammation, hypoxia, trauma, corneal degeneration, and corneal transplantation. Current clinical strategies for the treatment of CNV include pharmacological treatment and surgical intervention. Despite some degree of success, the current treatment strategies are restricted by limited efficacy, adverse effects, and a short duration of action. Recently, gene-based antiangiogenic therapy has become an emerging strategy that has attracted considerable interest. However, potential complications with the use of viral vectors, such as potential genotoxicity resulting from long-term expression and nonspecific targeting, cannot be ignored. The use of ocular nanosystems (ONS) based on nanotechnology has emerged as a great advantage in ocular disease treatment during the last two decades. The potential functions of ONS range from nanocarriers, which deliver drugs and genes to target sites in the eye, to therapeutic agents themselves. Various preclinical studies conducted to date have demonstrated promising results of the use of ONS in the treatment of CNV. In this review, we provide an overview of CNV and its current therapeutic strategies and summarize the properties and applications of various ONS related to the treatment of CNV reported to date. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive review of these considerable advances in ONS in the field of CNV therapy over the past two decades to fill the gaps in previous related reports. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and future perspectives of the use of ONS in CNV therapy, with the goal of providing a theoretical contribution to facilitate future practical growth in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanping Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yajuan Zheng, Email
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18
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Development and characterization of self-assembling sirolimus-loaded micelles as a sublingual delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Pignatello R, Corsaro R, Bonaccorso A, Zingale E, Carbone C, Musumeci T. Soluplus ® polymeric nanomicelles improve solubility of BCS-class II drugs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:1991-2006. [PMID: 35604634 PMCID: PMC9242938 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The issue of poor aqueous solubility is often a great hitch in the development of liquid dosage forms for those drugs that the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) includes in classes II and IV. Among the possible technological solutions, inclusion of the drug molecule within polymeric micelles, and particularly nanomicelles, has been proposed in the last years as a valid strategy. Our attention has been recently attracted by Soluplus®, an amphiphilic polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer able to form small and stable nanomicelles. The aim of this study was to characterize Soluplus® nanomicelles to enhance the apparent solubility of three model APIs, categorized in BCS class II: ibuprofen (IBU), idebenone (IDE), and miconazole (MIC). Drug-loaded Soluplus® micelles with a mean size around 60–70 nm were prepared by two methods (direct dissolution or film hydration method). The prepared nanosystems were characterized in terms of mean particle size and Zeta potential, physical stability, drug solubility, and in vitro drug release. The solubility of the tested APIs was shown to increase linearly with the concentration of graft copolymer. Soluplus® can be easily submitted to membrane filtration (0.2 µm PES or PTFE membranes), showing the potential to be sterilized by this method. Freeze-drying enabled to obtain powder materials that, upon reconstitution with water, maintained the initial micelle size. Finally, viscosity studies indicated that these nanomicelles have potential applications where a bioadhesive material is advantageous, such as in topical ocular administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy. .,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberta Corsaro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Bonaccorso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Elide Zingale
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Carbone
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Teresa Musumeci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
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20
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Spray-dried indomethacin-loaded polymeric micelles for the improvement of intestinal drug release and permeability. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 174:106200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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Sofroniou C, Baglioni M, Mamusa M, Resta C, Doutch J, Smets J, Baglioni P. Self-Assembly of Soluplus in Aqueous Solutions: Characterization and Prospectives on Perfume Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14791-14804. [PMID: 35312278 PMCID: PMC8972246 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluplus is an amphiphilic graft copolymer intensively studied as a micellar solubilizer for drugs. An extensive characterization of the nanostructure of its colloidal aggregates is still lacking. Here, we provide insights into the polymer's self-assembly in water, and we assess its use as an encapsulating agent for fragrances. The self-assembly properties of Soluplus aqueous solutions were studied over a wide concentration range (1-70% w/w) by means of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), differential scanning calorimetry, NMR, and rheometry. SANS analyses revealed the presence of polymeric micelles with a fuzzy surface interacting via a 2-Yukawa potential, up to 15% w/w polymer. Increasing the polymer concentration up to 55% w/w led to tightly packed micelles described according to the Teubner-Strey model. The ability of Soluplus to encapsulate seven perfume molecules, 2-phenyl ethanol, l-carvone, linalool, florhydral, β-citronellol, α-pinene, and R-limonene, was then examined. We showed that the fragrance's octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow), widely used to characterize the solubilization capacity, is not sufficient to characterize such systems and the presence of specific functional groups or molecular conformation needs to be considered. In fact, the combination of SANS, NMR, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopy showed that the perfumes, interacting with different regions of the polymer aggregates, are able to tune the systems' structures resulting in micelles, matrix-type capsules, core-shell capsules, or oil-in-water emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantina Sofroniou
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Baglioni
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Marianna Mamusa
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Resta
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - James Doutch
- Science
and Technology Facilities Council, ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Smets
- The
Procter & Gamble Company, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Belgium
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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22
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Design of Nanotechnological Carriers for Ocular Delivery of Mangiferin: Preformulation Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041328. [PMID: 35209120 PMCID: PMC8880740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Mangiferin (MGN) is a natural compound, showing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities for the potential treatment of eye diseases. The poor physicochemical features of MGN (low solubility and high instability) justify its nanoencapsulation into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to improve its ocular bioavailability. (2) Methods: Firstly, MGN-NLC were prepared by the high shear homogenization coupled with the ultrasound (HSH−US) method. Finally, unloaded and MGN-loaded NLC were analyzed in terms of ocular tolerance. (3) Results: MGN-NLC showed good technological parameters suitable for ocular administration (particle size below 200 nm). The ORAC assay was performed to quantify the antioxidant activity of MGN, showing that the antioxidant activity of MGN-NLC (6494 ± 186 μM TE/g) was higher than that of the free compound (3521 ± 271 μM TE/g). This confirmed that the encapsulation of the drug was able to preserve and increase its activity. In ovo studies (HET-CAM) revealed that the formulation can be considered nonirritant. (4) Conclusions: Therefore, NLC systems are a promising approach for the ocular delivery of MGN.
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23
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Katona G, Sipos B, Ambrus R, Csóka I, Szabó-Révész P. Characterizing the Drug-Release Enhancement Effect of Surfactants on Megestrol-Acetate-Loaded Granules. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020113. [PMID: 35215226 PMCID: PMC8879843 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of Cremophor® RH 40 (CR 40) classic micelles and Soluplus® (SP) polymeric micelles were investigated on a novel granule-type drug-delivery system containing megestrolacetate (MGA). Using a risk assessment-based approach on the formulation via melt technology resulted in the formation of these granules, presented as the dosage, with proper particle size and flow characteristics. Due to the application of a eutectic carrier base composition, gentle process conditions were reached, retaining the crystalline structure of the carrier system and allowing for the proper distribution of MGA in the granules. The increased water solubility (0.111 mg/mL to 2.154 mg/mL), and the decreased nano particle size (102.27 nm) with uniform distribution (polydispersity index of 0.259) and colloid stability (zeta potential of −12.99 mV) resulted in SP polymeric micelles prevailing over CR 40 micelles in this gastric dissolution study, performed in biorelevant fasted and fed state drug-release media. Mathematical characterization and kinetic model fitting supported the fast drug-release mechanism of polymeric micelles over micelles. The value-added polymeric micelle-containing formulation developed can be successfully administered perorally and the enhanced drug release offers the possibility of greater drug absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Mateos H, Gentile L, Murgia S, Colafemmina G, Collu M, Smets J, Palazzo G. Understanding the self-assembly of the polymeric drug solubilizer Soluplus®. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:224-234. [PMID: 34952275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Soluplus® is one of the most widely used amphiphilic copolymers in drug delivery and has been reported to strongly enhance the adsorption of model drugs. However, there is still a limited understanding of its micellar behavior as it responds to the different routes of administration, which involve important changes in concentration. EXPERIMENTS The microstructure of Soluplus aqueous solutions has been investigated at a wide range of polymer concentrations (2 × 10-6 - 0.2 g/mL) by a combination of diffusion NMR (dNMR), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), static (SLS) dynamic (DLS) light scattering and viscosity measurements. These techniques have been coupled with surface tension measurements to frame the polymer's critical micellar concentration (cmc). FINDINGS We demonstrate the presence at all tested concentrations of two forms of Soluplus, with hydrodynamic radii of 3 and 26 nm, where the fraction of smaller objects accounts for as much as 60-70%. dNMR, SAXS, DLS and SLS indicate that Soluplus spontaneously self-assembles into large spherical particles with a core-shell structure. However, self-assembly takes place three orders of magnitude above the cmc evaluated via surface tension measurements. Instead of the traditional cooperative micellization process, we propose a thermal-activated isodesmic self-assembly of the small aggregates into core-shell micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Mateos
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro" & CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Via Orabona 4, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Luigi Gentile
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro" & CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Via Orabona 4, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari & CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Colafemmina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro" & CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Via Orabona 4, Bari I-70126, Italy.
| | - Mattia Collu
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Belgium.
| | - Johan Smets
- The Procter & Gamble Company, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Belgium.
| | - Gerardo Palazzo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro" & CSGI (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase), Via Orabona 4, Bari I-70126, Italy.
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Monitoring the microenvironment inside polymeric micelles using the fluorescence probe 6-propionyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (PRODAN). J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rykowska I, Nowak I, Nowak R. Soft Contact Lenses as Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:5577. [PMID: 34577045 PMCID: PMC8472272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the role of contact lenses as an innovative drug delivery system in treating eye diseases. Current ophthalmic drug delivery systems are inadequate, particularly eye drops, which allow about 95% of the active substance to be lost through tear drainage. According to the literature, many interdisciplinary studies have been carried out on the ability of contact lenses to increase the penetration of topical therapeutic agents. Contact lenses limit drug loss by releasing the medicine into two layers of tears on either side of the contact lens, eventually extending the time of contact with the ocular surface. Thanks to weighted soft contact lenses, a continuous release of the drug over an extended period is possible. This article reviewed the various techniques to deliver medications through contact lenses, examining their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the potential of drug delivery systems based on contact lenses has been extensively studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rykowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Iwona Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Rafał Nowak
- Eye Department, J. Strus City Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznań, Poland;
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Kattar A, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Diabetic eye: associated diseases, drugs in clinic, and role of self-assembled carriers in topical treatment. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1589-1607. [PMID: 34253138 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1953466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a pandemic disease that causes relevant ocular pathologies. Diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, cataracts, glaucoma, or keratopathy strongly impact the quality of life of the patients. In addition to glycemic control, intense research is devoted to finding more efficient ocular drugs and improved delivery systems that can overcome eye barriers. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to revisit first the role of diabetes in the development of chronic eye diseases. Then, commercially available drugs and new candidates in clinical trials are tackled together with the pros and cons of their administration routes. Subsequent sections deal with self-assembled drug carriers suitable for eye instillation combining patient-friendly administration with high ocular bioavailability. Performance of topically administered polymeric micelles, liposomes, and niosomes for the management of diabetic eye diseases is analyzed in the light of ex vivo and in vivo results and outcomes of clinical trials. Expert opinion: Self-assembled carriers are being shown useful for efficient delivery of not only a variety of small drugs but also macromolecules (e.g. antibodies) and genes. Successful design of drug carriers may offer alternatives to intraocular injections and improve the treatment of both anterior and posterior segments diabetic eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kattar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Sipos B, Csóka I, Budai-Szűcs M, Kozma G, Berkesi D, Kónya Z, Balogh GT, Katona G. Development of dexamethasone-loaded mixed polymeric micelles for nasal delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 166:105960. [PMID: 34339828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to formulate a novel dexamethasone (DXM)-loaded, mixed polymeric micelle-based drug delivery system, focusing on the auspicious nose-to-brain pathway, as a key delivery route to treat central nervous system (CNS) associated diseases. Polymeric micelles might be a solution to deliver drugs to the place of action compared to conventional formulations. Due to low Z-average (89.92 ± 2.7 nm), a polydispersity index of 0.216 ± 0.014 and high surface polarity (52.23%), a significant increase in water solubility (14-fold) was experienced. This increase resulted in favourable dissolution profile at nasal and axonal conditions with high in vitro permeability value (14.6×10-6 cm/s) on polar brain (porcine) lipid extract. Modified Side-bi-side® type diffusion study confirmed rapid and efficient passive diffusion through the nasal mucosa contributed by strong mucoadhesive properties. The final formulation met all the requirements of a nasal drug delivery system with rapid onset of action, meaning DXM can reach the CNS and there it can exert its beneficial effects in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Sipos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Kozma
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - Dániel Berkesi
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Rerrich B. sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - György Tibor Balogh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., Hungary; Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem quay 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Katona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös str. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Toffoletto N, Chauhan A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Saramago B, Serro AP. Asymmetry in Drug Permeability through the Cornea. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:694. [PMID: 34064834 PMCID: PMC8151369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The permeability through the cornea determines the ability of a drug or any topically applied compound to cross the tissue and reach the intraocular area. Most of the permeability values found in the literature are obtained considering topical drug formulations, and therefore, refer to the drug permeability inward the eye. However, due to the asymmetry of the corneal tissue, outward drug permeability constitutes a more meaningful parameter when dealing with intraocular drug-delivery systems (i.e., drug-loaded intraocular lenses, intraocular implants or injections). Herein, the permeability coefficients of two commonly administered anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., bromfenac sodium and dexamethasone sodium) were determined ex vivo using Franz diffusion cells and porcine corneas in both inward and outward configurations. A significantly higher drug accumulation in the cornea was detected in the outward direction, which is consistent with the different characteristics of the corneal layers. Coherently, a higher permeability coefficient was obtained for bromfenac sodium in the outward direction, but no differences were detected for dexamethasone sodium in the two directions. Drug accumulation in the cornea can prolong the therapeutic effect of intraocular drug-release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Toffoletto
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Anuj Chauhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA;
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Ana Paula Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (B.S.); (A.P.S.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Atorvastatin-Eluting Contact Lenses: Effects of Molecular Imprinting and Sterilization on Drug Loading and Release. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050606. [PMID: 33922123 PMCID: PMC8143582 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are receiving increasing attention in the ophthalmic field. Their activity as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–CoA (HMG–CoA) reductase inhibitors is clinically used to regulate cholesterol levels and leads to pleiotropic effects, which may help in the management of diabetes-related ocular pathologies. This work aims to design bioinspired contact lenses (CLs) with an affinity for atorvastatin by mimicking the active site of HMG–CoA reductase. Sets of imprinted and nonimprinted 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogels were synthesized, varying the contents in functional monomers that bear chemical groups that resemble those present in HMG–CoA reductase, namely, ethylene glycol phenyl ether methacrylate (EGPEM), 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride (AEMA), and N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMA). The hydrogels were characterized in terms of suitability as CLs (solvent uptake, light transmission, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility) and capability to load and release atorvastatin. Three sterilization protocols (steam heat, gamma radiation, and high hydrostatic pressure) were implemented and their effects on hydrogel properties were evaluated. Copolymerization of AEMA and, particularly, APMA endowed the hydrogels with a high affinity for atorvastatin (up to 11 mg/g; KN/W > 200). Only high hydrostatic pressure sterilization preserved atorvastatin stability and hydrogel performance. Permeability studies through the porcine cornea and sclera tissues revealed that the amount of atorvastatin accumulated in the cornea and sclera could be effective to treat ocular surface diseases.
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Resveratrol-Loaded Hydrogel Contact Lenses with Antioxidant and Antibiofilm Performance. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040532. [PMID: 33920327 PMCID: PMC8069945 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact lenses (CLs) are prone to biofilm formation, which may cause severe ocular infections. Since the use of antibiotics is associated with resistance concerns, here, two alternative strategies were evaluated to endow CLs with antibiofilm features: copolymerization with the antifouling monomer 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and loading of the antioxidant resveratrol with known antibacterial activity. MPC has, so far, been used to increase water retention on the CL surface (Proclear® 1 day CLs). Both poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (HEMA) and silicone hydrogels were prepared with MPC covering a wide range of concentrations (from 0 to 101 mM). All hydrogels showed physical properties adequate for CLs and successfully passed the hen’s egg-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) test. Silicone hydrogels had stronger affinity for resveratrol, with higher loading and a slower release rate. Ex vivo cornea and sclera permeability tests revealed that resveratrol released from the hydrogels readily accumulated in both tissues but did not cross through. The antibiofilm tests against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus evidenced that, in general, resveratrol decreased biofilm formation, which correlated with its concentration-dependent antibacterial capability. Preferential adsorption of lysozyme, compared to albumin, might also contribute to the antimicrobial activity. In addition, importantly, the loading of resveratrol in the hydrogels preserved the antioxidant activity, even against photodegradation. Overall, the designed hydrogels can host therapeutically relevant amounts of resveratrol to be sustainedly released on the eye, providing antibiofilm and antioxidant performance.
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Mehra N, Aqil M, Sultana Y. A grafted copolymer-based nanomicelles for topical ocular delivery of everolimus: Formulation, characterization, ex-vivo permeation, in-vitro ocular toxicity, and stability study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 159:105735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Polymeric nanomicelles based on inulin D α-tocopherol succinate for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ajith TA. Alpha-lipoic acid: A possible pharmacological agent for treating dry eye disease and retinopathy in diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1883-1890. [PMID: 32621549 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring dithiol micronutrient which acts as a cofactor for mitochondrial enzyme activity. Due to its potential antioxidant activity, it is considered as "universal antioxidant". Previous studies reported the pharmacological benefits of ALA such as glycaemic control, improved insulin sensitivity and alleviation of diabetic complications such as neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Dry eye disease and retinopathy are prevalent in diabetic patients. Experimental studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of ALA in dry eye and diabetic retinopathy. ALA can prevent the dry eye by down regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the corneal epithelial cells and activating the antioxidant status of the ocular surface. Furthermore, its direct antioxidant effect can also prevent oxidative stress-induced corneal surface erosion and lachrymal gland damage. ALA prevents diabetic retinopathy through inhibition of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and nuclear factor-kappa B activity and alleviation of oxidative stress. It can activate the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and AMP-activated protein kinase in retinal ganglion cells. Clinical trials conducted in pre-retinopathic diabetic patients showed ALA with genistein and vitamins could protect the retinal cells and decline the inflammatory effect in diabetic patients. However, studies are scant to explore its beneficial effects in dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, this review article discusses an update on the role of ALA in dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy, two ocular diseases prevalent in diabetic patients.
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Amssayef A, Eddouks M. Antihyperglycemic Effect of the Moroccan Collard Green (Brassica oleracea var. viridis) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:1043-1052. [PMID: 32990547 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200929141140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to assess the antihyperglycemic activity of Brassica oleracea. BACKGROUND Collard green or Brassica oleracea var. viridis which belongs to Brassicaceae family is ranked at 10th place of "powerhouse" vegetables, and it is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes in Morocco. OBJECTIVE This current investigation aimed to assess the antihyperglycemic capacity of the aqueous extract of Collard green leaves. METHODS The effect of a single (6 hours) and repeated (seven days of treatment) oral administration of Collard green aqueous extract (CGAE) at a dose of 60 mg/kg on glucose and lipid profile was examined in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, histopathological examination of liver was carried out according to the Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Furthermore, a preliminary phytochemical screening, and the quantification of phenolic, flavonoid and tannins contents as well as the antioxidant activity using DPPH assay were carried out. RESULTS The results demonstrated that Collard green A.E. (CGAE) exhibited a significant antihyperglycemic effect and positive improvement liver histology in diabetic rats. After a single oral administration of CGAE, blood glucose levels were lowered from 15±2 mM to 4.9±1 mM (p<0.0001) at the sixth hour in diabetic rats but no change was observed in normal rats. Repeated CGAE administration was able to reduce blood glucose levels from 15±2 mM to normal values (5±1 mM at the seventh day, p<0.0001) while the extract had no effect in normal rats. In addition, we revealed that CGAE is rich in several phytochemical compounds and exerts an important antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Collard green possesses a beneficial effect against diabetes and can be used in the program diet of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Amssayef
- Departments of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Departments of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, 52000, Errachidia, Morocco
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Li M, Zhang L, Li R, Yan M. New resveratrol micelle formulation for ocular delivery: characterization and in vitro/ in vivo evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1960-1970. [PMID: 32985941 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1828909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many eye diseases, such as corneal wound healing after injury, involve oxidative stress and inflammatory responses; however, many efficient natural antioxidants (e.g. resveratrol) have limited application in ophthalmology due to their poor solubility, low stability and poor ocular bioavailability. In this work, the aim was to formulate resveratrol into a micelle ophthalmic solution for efficient delivery to the eye. A Soluplus micelle ophthalmic solution containing resveratrol (Sol-Res) was formulated and optimized with a small and uniform dispersion in an ophthalmic solution. Sol-Res did not show any cell toxicity but promoted cell proliferation in both the short- and long-term cytotoxicity tests. The in vivo eye irritation test also verified the well ocular tolerance of the Sol-Res ophthalmic solution. The chemical stability of resveratrol in micelles in an aqueous solution was greatly improved over the free resveratrol solution, and Sol-Res also showed a good storage stability in the short-term storage stability test. Sol-Res showed improved in vitro passive permeation, in vitro cellular uptake, and in vivo corneal permeation over the free Res suspension solution. Furthermore, Sol-Res favored in vivo corneal wound healing, and the inhibition of key anti-inflammation mediators and the production of antioxidant factors in mRNA expression was observed in the Sol-Res treated wound healing corneas, suggesting that the mechanisms that regulate proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress might be involved in its therapeutic effect. Therefore, Sol-Res might be a promising candidate for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshuang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Meixing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Hwang D, Ramsey JD, Kabanov AV. Polymeric micelles for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs: From nanoformulation to clinical approval. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:80-118. [PMID: 32980449 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, polymeric micelles have emerged as a highly promising drug delivery platform for therapeutic compounds. Particularly, poorly soluble small molecules with high potency and significant toxicity were encapsulated in polymeric micelles. Polymeric micelles have shown improved pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical animal models and enhanced efficacy with a superior safety profile for therapeutic drugs. Several polymeric micelle formulations have reached the clinical stage and are either in clinical trials or are approved for human use. This furthers interest in this field and underscores the need for additional learning of how to best design and apply these micellar carriers to improve the clinical outcomes of many drugs. In this review, we provide detailed information on polymeric micelles for the solubilization of poorly soluble small molecules in topics such as the design of block copolymers, experimental and theoretical analysis of drug encapsulation in polymeric micelles, pharmacokinetics of drugs in polymeric micelles, regulatory approval pathways of nanomedicines, and current outcomes from micelle formulations in clinical trials. We aim to describe the latest information on advanced analytical approaches for elucidating molecular interactions within the core of polymeric micelles for effective solubilization as well as for analyzing nanomedicine's pharmacokinetic profiles. Taking into account the considerations described within, academic and industrial researchers can continue to elucidate novel interactions in polymeric micelles and capitalize on their potential as drug delivery vehicles to help improve therapeutic outcomes in systemic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duhyeong Hwang
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jacob D Ramsey
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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Vigani B, Rossi S, Sandri G, Bonferoni MC, Caramella CM, Ferrari F. Recent Advances in the Development of In Situ Gelling Drug Delivery Systems for Non-Parenteral Administration Routes. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090859. [PMID: 32927595 PMCID: PMC7559482 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ gelling drug delivery systems have gained enormous attention over the last decade. They are in a sol-state before administration, and they are capable of forming gels in response to different endogenous stimuli, such as temperature increase, pH change and the presence of ions. Such systems can be administered through different routes, to achieve local or systemic drug delivery and can also be successfully used as vehicles for drug-loaded nano- and microparticles. Natural, synthetic and/or semi-synthetic polymers with in situ gelling behavior can be used alone, or in combination, for the preparation of such systems; the association with mucoadhesive polymers is highly desirable in order to further prolong the residence time at the site of action/absorption. In situ gelling systems include also solid polymeric formulations, generally obtained by freeze-drying, which, after contact with biological fluids, undergo a fast hydration with the formation of a gel able to release the drug loaded in a controlled manner. This review provides an overview of the in situ gelling drug delivery systems developed in the last 10 years for non-parenteral administration routes, such as ocular, nasal, buccal, gastrointestinal, vaginal and intravesical ones, with a special focus on formulation composition, polymer gelation mechanism and in vitro release studies.
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Gote V, Ansong M, Pal D. Prodrugs and nanomicelles to overcome ocular barriers for drug penetration. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:885-906. [PMID: 32729364 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1803278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular barriers hinder drug delivery and reduce drug bioavailability. This article focuses on enhancing drug absorption across the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. Both, transporter targeted prodrug formulations and nanomicellar strategy is proven to enhance the drug permeation of therapeutic agents across various ocular barriers. These strategies can increase aqueous drug solubility and stability of many hydrophobic drugs for topical ophthalmic formulations. AREAS COVERED The article discusses various ocular barriers, ocular influx, and efflux transporters. It elaborates various prodrug strategies used for enhancing drug absorption. Along with this, the article also describes nanomicellar formulation, its characteristic and advantages, and applications in for anterior and posterior segment drug delivery. EXPERT OPINION Prodrugs and nanomicellar formulations provide an effective strategy for improving drug absorption and drug bioavailability across various ocular barriers. It will be exciting to see the efficacy of nanomicelles for treating back of the eye disorders after their topical application. This is considered as a holy grail of ocular drug delivery due to the dynamic and static ocular barriers, restricting posterior entry of topically applied drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Gote
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Michael Ansong
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Dhananjay Pal
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
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Hot melt-extrusion improves the properties of cyclodextrin-based poly(pseudo)rotaxanes for transdermal formulation. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Koppa Raghu P, Bansal KK, Thakor P, Bhavana V, Madan J, Rosenholm JM, Mehra NK. Evolution of Nanotechnology in Delivering Drugs to Eyes, Skin and Wounds via Topical Route. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E167. [PMID: 32726897 PMCID: PMC7463474 DOI: 10.3390/ph13080167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The topical route is the most preferred one for administering drugs to eyes, skin and wounds for reaching enhanced efficacy and to improve patient compliance. Topical administration of drugs via conventional dosage forms such as solutions, creams and so forth to the eyes is associated with very low bioavailability (less than 5%) and hence, we cannot rely on these for delivering drugs to eyes more efficiently. An intravitreal injection is another popular drug delivery regime but is associated with complications like intravitreal hemorrhage, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, and cataracts. The skin has a complex structure that serves as numerous physiological barriers to the entry of exogenous substances. Drug localization is an important aspect of some dermal diseases and requires directed delivery of the active substance to the diseased cells, which is challenging with current approaches. Existing therapies used for wound healing are costly, and they involve long-lasting treatments with 70% chance of recurrence of ulcers. Nanotechnology is a novel and highly potential technology for designing formulations that would improve the efficiency of delivering drugs via the topical route. This review involves a discussion about how nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems have evolved, and their potential in overcoming the natural barriers for delivering drugs to eyes, skin and wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratheeksha Koppa Raghu
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India; (P.K.R.); (P.T.); (V.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Kuldeep K. Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Pradip Thakor
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India; (P.K.R.); (P.T.); (V.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India; (P.K.R.); (P.T.); (V.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Jitender Madan
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India; (P.K.R.); (P.T.); (V.B.); (J.M.)
| | - Jessica M. Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India; (P.K.R.); (P.T.); (V.B.); (J.M.)
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Alambiaga-Caravaca AM, Calatayud-Pascual MA, Rodilla V, Concheiro A, López-Castellano A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Micelles of Progesterone for Topical Eye Administration: Interspecies and Intertissues Differences in Ex Vivo Ocular Permeability. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080702. [PMID: 32722548 PMCID: PMC7464168 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (PG) may provide protection to the retina during retinitis pigmentosa, but its topical ocular supply is hampered by PG poor aqueous solubility and low ocular bioavailability. The development of efficient topical ocular forms must face up to two relevant challenges: Protective barriers of the eyes and lack of validated ex vivo tests to predict drug permeability. The aims of this study were: (i) To design micelles using Pluronic F68 and Soluplus copolymers to overcome PG solubility and permeability; and (ii) to compare drug diffusion through the cornea and sclera of three animal species (rabbit, porcine, and bovine) to investigate interspecies differences. Micelles of Pluronic F68 (3–4 nm) and Soluplus (52–59 nm) increased PG solubility by one and two orders of magnitude, respectively and exhibited nearly a 100% encapsulation efficiency. Soluplus systems showed in situ gelling capability in contrast to the low viscosity Pluronic F68 micelles. The formulations successfully passed the hen’s egg-chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM) test. PG penetration through rabbit cornea and sclera was faster than through porcine or bovine cornea, although the differences were also formulation-dependent. Porcine tissues showed intermediate permeability between rabbit and bovine. Soluplus micelles allowed greater PG accumulation in cornea and sclera whereas Pluronic F68 promoted a faster penetration of lower PG doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián M. Alambiaga-Caravaca
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.A.-C.); (M.A.C.-P.); (V.R.)
| | - María Aracely Calatayud-Pascual
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.A.-C.); (M.A.C.-P.); (V.R.)
| | - Vicent Rodilla
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.A.-C.); (M.A.C.-P.); (V.R.)
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group, Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Alicia López-Castellano
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, C/Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.A.-C.); (M.A.C.-P.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.-C.); (C.A.-L.); Tel.: +34-961-369-000 (ext. 64906) (A.L.-C.); +34-881-815-239 (C.A.-L.)
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group, Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Correspondence: (A.L.-C.); (C.A.-L.); Tel.: +34-961-369-000 (ext. 64906) (A.L.-C.); +34-881-815-239 (C.A.-L.)
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Sipos B, Szabó-Révész P, Csóka I, Pallagi E, Dobó DG, Bélteky P, Kónya Z, Deák Á, Janovák L, Katona G. Quality by Design Based Formulation Study of Meloxicam-Loaded Polymeric Micelles for Intranasal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080697. [PMID: 32722099 PMCID: PMC7464185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop an “ex tempore” reconstitutable, viscosity enhancer- and preservative-free meloxicam (MEL)-loaded polymeric micelle formulation, via Quality by Design (QbD) approach, exploiting the nose-to-brain pathway, as a suitable tool in the treatment of neuroinflammation. The anti-neuroinflammatory effect of nose-to-brain NSAID polymeric micelles was not studied previously, therefore its investigation is promising. Critical product parameters, encapsulation efficiency (89.4%), Z-average (101.22 ± 2.8 nm) and polydispersity index (0.149 ± 0.7) and zeta potential (−25.2 ± 0.4 mV) met the requirements of the intranasal drug delivery system (nanoDDS) and the targeted profile liquid formulation was transformed into a solid preservative-free product by freeze-drying. The viscosity (32.5 ± 0.28 mPas) and hypotonic osmolality (240 mOsmol/L) of the reconstituted formulation provides proper and enhanced absorption and probably guarantees the administration of the liquid dosage form (nasal drop and spray). The developed formulation resulted in more than 20 times faster MEL dissolution rate and five-fold higher nasal permeability compared to starting MEL. The prediction of IVIVC confirmed the great potential for in vivo brain distribution of MEL. The nose-to-brain delivery of NSAIDs such as MEL by means of nanoDDS as polymeric micelles offers an innovative opportunity to treat neuroinflammation more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence Sipos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Piroska Szabó-Révész
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Edina Pallagi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Dorina Gabriella Dobó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
| | - Péter Bélteky
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Applied & Environmental Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (P.B.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ágota Deák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - László Janovák
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.D.); (L.J.)
| | - Gábor Katona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (B.S.); (P.S.-R.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (D.G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-545-575
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Gorantla S, Rapalli VK, Waghule T, Singh PP, Dubey SK, Saha RN, Singhvi G. Nanocarriers for ocular drug delivery: current status and translational opportunity. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27835-27855. [PMID: 35516960 PMCID: PMC9055630 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04971a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular diseases have a significant effect on vision and quality of life. Drug delivery to ocular tissues is a challenge to formulation scientists. The major barriers to delivering drugs to the anterior and posterior segments include physiological barriers (nasolacrimal drainage, blinking), anatomical barriers (static and dynamic), efflux pumps and metabolic barriers. The static barriers comprise the different layers of the cornea, sclera, and blood-aqueous barriers whereas dynamic barriers involve conjunctival blood flow, lymphatic clearance and tear drainage. The tight junctions of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) restrict systemically administered drugs from entering the retina. Nanocarriers have been found to be effective at overcoming the issues associated with conventional ophthalmic dosage forms. Various nanocarriers, including nanodispersion systems, nanomicelles, lipidic nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes, and dendrimers, have been investigated for improved permeation and effective targeted drug delivery to various ophthalmic sites. In this review, various nanomedicines and their application for ophthalmic delivery of therapeutics are discussed. Additionally, scale-up and clinical status are also addressed to understand the current scenario for ophthalmic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Gorantla
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
| | - Vamshi Krishna Rapalli
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
| | - Tejashree Waghule
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
| | - Prem Prakash Singh
- Formulation Development, Slayback Pharma India LLP Hyderabad Telangana 500072 India
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
| | - Ranendra N Saha
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
- Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Pilani, Dubai Campus UAE
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus Rajasthan India 333031
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A Novel Eyes Topical Drug Delivery System: CsA-LNC for the Treatment of DED. Pharm Res 2020; 37:146. [PMID: 32666340 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of the present work was to prepare safe and effective Ciclosporin A Lipid nanocapsule (CsA-LNC) eye-drops for the treatment of DED. METHODS The phase-inversion method was used to prepared different sizes CsA-LNC. CsA biodistribution in ocular after topical administration in rabbits was analyzed by a validated UPLC-MS/MS method. The efficacy of CsA-LNCs (25 nm, 50 nm, 85 nm) was evaluated using the tear breakup time, fluorescein staining, tear production, inflammatory cytokines and histopathology tests. The safety of CsA-LNCs was study by the score of ocular irritation and histological examination study. RESULTS CsA-LNCs(20-100 nm) were successfully prepared, An in vivo PK study showed significant improvement of the bioavailability (4.20-fold (25 nm), 2.15-fold (50 nm) and 2.33-fold (85 nm)) in bulbar conjunctiva, and great permeability was observed in the cornea for CsA-LNCs compared with CsA emulsion. An in vivo PD study showed that CsA-LNCs have great efficacy for DED, and the effect was improved over CsA emulsion. CsA-LNCs were safe and not cause significant irritation to the eyes surface of rabbits. CONCLUSION This work has demonstrated CsA-LNCs, in particular small sizes CsA-LNC, are safe and effective with promising potential to treat DED. Grapical abstract.
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Alvarez‐Lorenzo C, Mayo‐Olveira F, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Concheiro A. Poly(vinyl alcohol) triggers Au nanoparticles formation for near‐infrared radiation‐responsive gels and nanofibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alvarez‐Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma Group (GI‐1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15872 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Fátima Mayo‐Olveira
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma Group (GI‐1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15872 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Área de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Área de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma Group (GI‐1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15872 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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Natesan S, Boddu SHS, Krishnaswami V, Shahwan M. The Role of Nano-ophthalmology in Treating Dry Eye Disease. Pharm Nanotechnol 2020; 8:258-289. [PMID: 32600244 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508666200628034227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multifactorial disease linked to the tears/ocular surface leading to eye discomfort, ocular surface damage, and visual disturbance. Antiinflammatory agents (steroids and cyclosporine A), hormonal therapy, antibiotics, nerve growth factors, essential fatty acids are used as treatment options of DED. Current therapies attempt to reduce the ocular discomfort by producing lubrication and stimulating gland/nerve(s) associated with tear production, without providing a permanent cure for dry eye. Nanocarrier systems show a great promise to revolutionize drug delivery in DED, offering many advantages such as site specific and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. This review presents an overview, pathophysiology, prevalence and etiology of DED, with an emphasis on preclinical and clinical studies involving the use of nanocarrier systems in treating DED. Lay Summary: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease associated with tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation. There are several review articles that summarize DED, disease symptoms, causes and treatment approaches. Nanocarrier systems show a great promise to revolutionize drug delivery in DED, offering many advantages such as site specific and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents. Very few review articles summarize the findings on the use of nanotherapeutics in DED. In this review, we have exclusively discussed the preclinical and clinical studies of nanotherapeutics in DED therapy. This information will be attractive to both academic and pharmaceutical industry researchers working in DED therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Natesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Development and characterization of curcumin-loaded solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) by spray drying using Soluplus® as solid carrier. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Alshehri S, Imam SS, Altamimi MA, Hussain A, Shakeel F, Alshehri A. Stimulatory Effects of Soluplus® on Flufenamic Acid β-Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Complex: Physicochemical Characterization and Pre-clinical Anti-inflammatory Assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:145. [PMID: 32430787 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the solubility and dissolution of flufenamic acid (FLF)/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)/Soluplus® supramolecular ternary inclusion complex. The binary and ternary inclusion complexes were prepared using solvent evaporation and the microwave irradiation method. The prepared inclusion complexes were evaluated for physicochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory activity using a murine paw edema mol. The phase solubility studies demonstrated 4.59-fold and 17.54-fold enhancements in FLF solubility with β-CD alone and β-CD:Soluplus® combination compared with pure FLF, respectively. The in vitro drug release results revealed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the release pattern compared with pure FLF. Maximum release was found with flufenamic acid binary and ternary complexes prepared using the microwave irradiation method, i.e., 75.23 ± 3.12% and 95.36 ± 3.23% in 60 min, respectively. The physicochemical characterization results showed complex formation and conversion of the crystalline form of FLF to an amorphous form. The SEM study revealed the presence of a more agglomerated and amorphous structure of the solid particles, which confirmed the formation of complexes. The anti-inflammatory effect of the complex was higher than pure FLF. Therefore, the FLF:β-CD:Soluplus® inclusion complex may be a very valuable formulation with improved solubility, dissolution, and anti-inflammatory effect.
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Steering the Clinical Translation of Delivery Systems for Drugs and Health Products. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040350. [PMID: 32294939 PMCID: PMC7238002 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the feasibility for industrial scale-up, accelerating the translation from bench to bedside of new technological strategies for controlled delivery and targeting of drugs and other actives relevant for health management, such as medical devices and nutraceuticals, would benefit from an even earlier evaluation in pre-clinical models and clinical settings. At the same time, translational medicine also performs in the opposite direction, incorporating clinical needs and observations into scientific hypotheses and innovative technological proposals. With these aims, the sessions proposed for the 2019 CRS Italy Chapter Workshop will introduce the experience of Italian and worldwide researchers on how to foster the actual work in controlled release and drug delivery towards a reliable pre-clinical and clinical assessment.
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