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B7-1 mediates podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis through communication with Hsp90ab1-LRP5-β-catenin pathway. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2399-2416. [PMID: 35710882 PMCID: PMC9750974 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a hallmark of glomerular diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. B7-1 is increased in injured podocytes, but its intrinsic role is controversial. The clinical data here revealed the intimate correlation of urinary B7-1 with severity of glomerular injury. Through transcriptomic and biological assays in B7-1 transgenic and adriamycin nephropathy models, we identified B7-1 is a key mediator in podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis through a series of signal transmission to β-catenin. Using LC-MS/MS, Hsp90ab1, a conserved molecular chaperone, was distinguished to be an anchor for transmitting signals from B7-1 to β-catenin. Molecular docking and subsequent mutant analysis further identified the residue K69 in the N terminal domain of Hsp90ab1 was the key binding site for B7-1 to activate LRP5/β-catenin pathway. The interaction and biological functions of B7-1-Hsp90ab1-LRP5 complex were further demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. We also found B7-1 is a novel downstream target of β-catenin. Our results indicate an intercrossed network of B7-1, which collectively induces podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis. Our study provides an important clue to improve the therapeutic strategies to target B7-1.
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2
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Torres-Aguila NP, Salonna M, Hoppler S, Ferrier DEK. Evolutionary diversification of the canonical Wnt signaling effector TCF/LEF in chordates. Dev Growth Differ 2022; 64:120-137. [PMID: 35048372 PMCID: PMC9303524 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is essential during animal development and regeneration, but also plays an important role in diseases such as cancer and diabetes. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is one of the most conserved signaling cascades in the animal kingdom, with the T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) proteins being the major mediators of Wnt/β‐catenin‐regulated gene expression. In comparison with invertebrates, vertebrates possess a high diversity of TCF/LEF family genes, implicating this as a possible key change to Wnt signaling at the evolutionary origin of vertebrates. However, the precise nature of this diversification is only poorly understood. The aim of this study is to clarify orthology, paralogy, and isoform relationships within the TCF/LEF gene family within chordates via in silico comparative study of TCF/LEF gene structure, molecular phylogeny, and gene synteny. Our results support the notion that the four TCF/LEF paralog subfamilies in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) evolved via the two rounds of whole‐genome duplications that occurred during early vertebrate evolution. Importantly, gene structure comparisons and synteny analysis of jawless vertebrate (cyclostome) TCFs suggest that a TCF7L2‐like form of gene structure is a close proxy for the ancestral vertebrate structure. In conclusion, we propose a detailed evolutionary path based on a new pre‐whole‐genome duplication vertebrate TCF gene model. This ancestor gene model highlights the chordate and vertebrate innovations of TCF/LEF gene structure, providing the foundation for understanding the role of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria P Torres-Aguila
- Gatty Marine Laboratory, The Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Marika Salonna
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Stefan Hoppler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - David E K Ferrier
- Gatty Marine Laboratory, The Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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3
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Fingleton B. Making Cancer Quiescent: SPDEF De-Cycles Beta-Catenin. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:10-12. [PMID: 28572010 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fingleton
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
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4
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Furlong M, Seong JY. Evolutionary and Comparative Genomics to Drive Rational Drug Design, with Particular Focus on Neuropeptide Seven-Transmembrane Receptors. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:57-68. [PMID: 28035082 PMCID: PMC5207463 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven transmembrane receptors (7TMRs), also known as G protein-coupled receptors, are popular targets of drug development, particularly 7TMR systems that are activated by peptide ligands. Although many pharmaceutical drugs have been discovered via conventional bulk analysis techniques the increasing availability of structural and evolutionary data are facilitating change to rational, targeted drug design. This article discusses the appeal of neuropeptide-7TMR systems as drug targets and provides an overview of concepts in the evolution of vertebrate genomes and gene families. Subsequently, methods that use evolutionary concepts and comparative analysis techniques to aid in gene discovery, gene function identification, and novel drug design are provided along with case study examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Furlong
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Seong
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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5
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Gutierrez-Mazariegos J, Nadendla EK, Studer RA, Alvarez S, de Lera AR, Kuraku S, Bourguet W, Schubert M, Laudet V. Evolutionary diversification of retinoic acid receptor ligand-binding pocket structure by molecular tinkering. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:150484. [PMID: 27069642 PMCID: PMC4821253 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Whole genome duplications (WGDs) have been classically associated with the origin of evolutionary novelties and the so-called duplication-degeneration-complementation model describes the possible fates of genes after duplication. However, how sequence divergence effectively allows functional changes between gene duplicates is still unclear. In the vertebrate lineage, two rounds of WGDs took place, giving rise to paralogous gene copies observed for many gene families. For the retinoic acid receptors (RARs), for example, which are members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily, a unique ancestral gene has been duplicated resulting in three vertebrate paralogues: RARα, RARβ and RARγ. It has previously been shown that this single ancestral RAR was neofunctionalized to give rise to a larger substrate specificity range in the RARs of extant jawed vertebrates (also called gnathostomes). To understand RAR diversification, the members of the cyclostomes (lamprey and hagfish), jawless vertebrates representing the extant sister group of gnathostomes, provide an intermediate situation and thus allow the characterization of the evolutionary steps that shaped RAR ligand-binding properties following the WGDs. In this study, we assessed the ligand-binding specificity of cyclostome RARs and found that their ligand-binding pockets resemble those of gnathostome RARα and RARβ. In contrast, none of the cyclostome receptors studied showed any RARγ-like specificity. Together, our results suggest that cyclostome RARs cover only a portion of the specificity repertoire of the ancestral gnathostome RARs and indicate that the establishment of ligand-binding specificity was a stepwise event. This iterative process thus provides a rare example for the diversification of receptor-ligand interactions of NRs following WGDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Gutierrez-Mazariegos
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Eswar Kumar Nadendla
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Inserm U1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Université de Montpellier, 29 Rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Romain A. Studer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, (EMBL-EBI)—Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Susana Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Angel R. de Lera
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - William Bourguet
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Inserm U1054, CNRS UMR 5048, Université de Montpellier, 29 Rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Schubert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7009, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-Mer, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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6
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Berga-Bolaños R, Zhu WS, Steinke FC, Xue HH, Sen JM. Cell-autonomous requirement for TCF1 and LEF1 in the development of Natural Killer T cells. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:484-9. [PMID: 26490636 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells develop from common CD4(+) CD8(+) thymocyte precursors. Transcriptional programs that regulate the development of NKT cells in the thymus development remain to be fully delineated. Here, we demonstrate a cell-intrinsic requirement for transcription factors TCF1 and LEF1 for the development of all subsets of NKT cells. Conditional deletion of TCF1 alone results in a substantial reduction in NKT cells. The remaining NKT cells are eliminated when TCF1 and LEF1 are both deleted. These data reveal an essential role for TCF1 and LEF1 in development of NKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Berga-Bolaños
- Immune Cells and Inflammation Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Wandi S Zhu
- Immune Cells and Inflammation Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Farrah C Steinke
- Department of Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Jyoti Misra Sen
- Immune Cells and Inflammation Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States; Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
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7
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Hoverter NP, Zeller MD, McQuade MM, Garibaldi A, Busch A, Selwan EM, Hertel KJ, Baldi P, Waterman ML. The TCF C-clamp DNA binding domain expands the Wnt transcriptome via alternative target recognition. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:13615-32. [PMID: 25414359 PMCID: PMC4267635 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LEF/TCFs direct the final step in Wnt/β-catenin signalling by recruiting β-catenin to genes for activation of transcription. Ancient, non-vertebrate TCFs contain two DNA binding domains, a High Mobility Group box for recognition of the Wnt Response Element (WRE; 5'-CTTTGWWS-3') and the C-clamp domain for recognition of the GC-rich Helper motif (5'-RCCGCC-3'). Two vertebrate TCFs (TCF-1/TCF7 and TCF-4/TCF7L2) use the C-clamp as an alternatively spliced domain to regulate cell-cycle progression, but how the C-clamp influences TCF binding and activity genome-wide is not known. Here, we used a doxycycline inducible system with ChIP-seq to assess how the C-clamp influences human TCF1 binding genome-wide. Metabolic pulse-labeling of nascent RNA with 4'Thiouridine was used with RNA-seq to connect binding to the Wnt transcriptome. We find that the C-clamp enables targeting to a greater number of gene loci for stronger occupancy and transcription regulation. The C-clamp uses Helper sites concurrently with WREs for gene targeting, but it also targets TCF1 to sites that do not have readily identifiable canonical WREs. The coupled ChIP-seq/4'Thiouridine-seq analysis identified new Wnt target genes, including additional regulators of cell proliferation. Thus, C-clamp containing isoforms of TCFs are potent transcriptional regulators with an expanded transcriptome directed by C-clamp-Helper site interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nate P Hoverter
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael D Zeller
- Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Miriam M McQuade
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Angela Garibaldi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anke Busch
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Selwan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Klemens J Hertel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marian L Waterman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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8
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9
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Yampolsky LY, Bouzinier MA. Faster evolving Drosophila paralogs lose expression rate and ubiquity and accumulate more non-synonymous SNPs. Biol Direct 2014; 9:2. [PMID: 24438455 PMCID: PMC3906896 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6150-9-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duplicated genes can indefinately persist in genomes if either both copies retain the original function due to dosage benefit (gene conservation), or one of the copies assumes a novel function (neofunctionalization), or both copies become required to perform the function previously accomplished by a single copy (subfunctionalization), or through a combination of these mechanisms. Different models of duplication retention imply different predictions about substitution rates in the coding portion of paralogs and about asymmetry of these rates. Results We analyse sequence evolution asymmetry in paralogs present in 12 Drosophila genomes using the nearest non-duplicated orthologous outgroup as a reference. Those paralogs present in D. melanogaster are analysed in conjunction with the asymmetry of expression rate and ubiquity and of segregating non-synonymous polymorphisms in the same paralogs. Paralogs accumulate substitutions, on average, faster than their nearest singleton orthologs. The distribution of paralogs’ substitution rate asymmetry is overdispersed relative to that of orthologous clades, containing disproportionally more unusually symmetric and unusually asymmetric clades. We show that paralogs are more asymmetric in: a) clades orthologous to highly constrained singleton genes; b) genes with high expression level; c) genes with ubiquitous expression and d) non-tandem duplications. We further demonstrate that, in each asymmetrically evolving pair of paralogs, the faster evolving member of the pair tends to have lower average expression rate, lower expression uniformity and higher frequency of non-synonymous SNPs than its slower evolving counterpart. Conclusions Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that many duplications in Drosophila are retained despite stabilising selection being more relaxed in one of the paralogs than in the other, suggesting a widespread unfinished pseudogenization. This phenomenon is likely to make detection of neo- and subfunctionalization signatures difficult, as these models of duplication retention also predict asymmetries in substitution rates and expression profiles. Reviewers This article has been reviewed by Dr. Jia Zeng (nominated by Dr. I. King Jordan), Dr. Fyodor Kondrashov and Dr. Yuri Wolf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Y Yampolsky
- Department of Biological sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.
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10
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Bae CJ, Park BY, Lee YH, Tobias JW, Hong CS, Saint-Jeannet JP. Identification of Pax3 and Zic1 targets in the developing neural crest. Dev Biol 2013; 386:473-83. [PMID: 24360908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a multipotent population of migratory cells unique to the vertebrate embryo, contributing to the development of multiple organ systems. Transcription factors pax3 and zic1 are among the earliest genes activated in NC progenitors, and they are both necessary and sufficient to promote NC fate. In order to further characterize the function of these transcription factors during NC development we have used hormone inducible fusion proteins in a Xenopus animal cap assay, and DNA microarray to identify downstream targets of Pax3 and Zic1. Here we present the results of this screen and the initial validation of these targets using quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and morpholinos-mediated knockdown. Among the targets identified we found several well-characterized NC-specific genes, including snail2, foxd3, gbx2, twist, sox8 and sox9, which validate our approach. We also obtained several factors with no known function in Xenopus NC, which represent novel regulators of NC fate. The comprehensive characterization of Pax3 and Zic1 targets function in the NC gene regulatory network, are essential to understanding the mechanisms regulating the emergence of this important cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Joon Bae
- Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Byung-Yong Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - John W Tobias
- Bioinformatics Group, Molecular Profiling Facility, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chang-Soo Hong
- Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
- Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, USA; Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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11
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Nagalski A, Irimia M, Szewczyk L, Ferran JL, Misztal K, Kuznicki J, Wisniewska MB. Postnatal isoform switch and protein localization of LEF1 and TCF7L2 transcription factors in cortical, thalamic, and mesencephalic regions of the adult mouse brain. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 218:1531-49. [PMID: 23152144 PMCID: PMC3825142 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
β-Catenin signaling, leading to the activation of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1/T cell factor (LEF1/TCF) transcription factors, plays a well-established role in transcription regulation during development and tissue homeostasis. In the adult organism, the activity of this pathway has been found in stem cell niches and postmitotic thalamic neurons. Recently, studies show that mutations in components of β-catenin signaling networks have been associated with several psychiatric disorders, indicating the involvement of β-catenin and LEF1/TCF proteins in the proper functioning of the brain. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of LEF1/TCF protein localization and the expression profile of their isoforms in cortical, thalamic, and midbrain regions in mice. We detected LEF1 and TCF7L2 proteins in neurons of the thalamus and dorsal midbrain, i.e., subcortical regions specialized in the integration of diverse sources of sensory information. These neurons also exhibited nuclear localization of β-catenin, suggesting the involvement of β-catenin/LEF1/TCF7L2 in the regulation of gene expression in these regions. Analysis of alternative splicing and promoter usage identified brain-specific TCF7L2 isoforms and revealed a developmentally coordinated transition in the composition of LEF1 and TCF7L2 isoforms. In the case of TCF7L2, the typical brain isoforms lack the so-called C clamp; in addition, the dominant-negative isoforms are predominant in the embryonic thalamus but disappear postnatally. The present study provides a necessary framework to understand the role of LEF1/TCF factors in thalamic and midbrain development until adulthood and predicts that the regulatory role of these proteins in the adult brain is significantly different from their role in the embryonic brain or other non-neural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nagalski
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Irimia
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1 Canada
| | - L. Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J. L. Ferran
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, E30071 Spain
| | - K. Misztal
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J. Kuznicki
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. B. Wisniewska
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Halbedl S, Kratzer MC, Rahm K, Crosta N, Masters KS, Zippert J, Bräse S, Gradl D. Synthesis of novel inhibitors blocking Wnt signaling downstream of β-catenin. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:522-7. [PMID: 23357029 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Large scale screening of libraries consisting of natural and small molecules led to the identification of many small molecule inhibitors repressing Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. However, targeted synthesis of novel Wnt pathway inhibitors has been rarely described. We developed a modular and expedient way to create the aromatic ring system with an aliphatic ring in between. Our synthesis opens up the possibility, in principle, to substitute all positions at the ring system with any desired substituent. Here, we tested five different haloquinone analogs carrying methoxy- and hydroxy-groups at different positions. Bona fide Wnt activity assays in cell culture and in Xenopus embryos revealed that two of these compounds act as potent inhibitors of aberrant activated Wnt/β-Catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Halbedl
- Zoological Institute, Cell- and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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13
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Planutiene M, Planutis K, Holcombe RF. Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1, a representative of vertebrate-specific Lef1/Tcf1 sub-family, is a Wnt-beta-catenin pathway target gene in human endothelial cells which regulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression and promotes endothelial cell invasion. Vasc Cell 2011; 3:28. [PMID: 22168911 PMCID: PMC3269378 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-3-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt signaling is activated in many types of cancer and normal physiological processes. Various Wnt-related secreted factors may influence angiogenesis both in the tumor microenvironment and in normal tissues by direct action on endothelial cells. The mechanism of this Wnt action in angiogenesis is not well defined. We hypothesize that endothelial cells are responsive to Wnt signals and that Lef1, a member of the vertebrate-specific Wnt/beta-catenin throughput-inducing transcription factors' sub-family Lef1/Tcf1, mediates this responsiveness and promotes endothelial cell invasion. METHODS A human endothelial cell line, EAhy926 was exposed to Wnt3a or directly transfected with Lef1. Readouts included assessment of nuclear beta-catenin, Wnt throughput with a SuperTOPflash reporter assay, induction of Lef1 transcription, induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 transcription, cell proliferation and cell invasion through a matrix in vitro. The effects on MMP2 were also evaluated in the presence of Lef1 silencing siRNA. RESULTS Wnt3a increased nuclear beta-catenin and up-regulated Wnt/beta-catenin throughput. Wnt3a increased Lef1 transcription and activity of the Lef1 promoter. Both Wnt3a treatment and Lef1 overexpression induced MMP2 transcription but this effect was completely abrogated in the presence of Lef1 siRNA. Inhibition of Lef1 also reduced basal MMP2 levels suggesting that Lef1 regulates MMP2 expression even in the absence of exogenous Wnt pathway activation. Lef1 slightly increased proliferation of EAhy926 cells and increased invasion by more than two-fold. CONCLUSIONS EAhy926 cells activate canonical Wnt signaling in response to Wnt3a ligand. The Wnt target Lef1 specifically regulates MMP2 expression in these cells and promotes endothelial cell invasion. The EAhy926 cell line provides a convenient alternative to primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in the study of angiogenesis and the role of Wnt signaling on endothelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Planutiene
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at The Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6500, USA
| | - Kestutis Planutis
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at The Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6500, USA
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- The Tisch Cancer Institute at The Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6500, USA
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