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de Vries ME, Carpinelli MR, Fuller JN, Sutton Y, Partridge DD, Auden A, Anderson PJ, Jane SM, Dworkin S. Grainyhead-like 2 interacts with noggin to regulate tissue fusion in mouse. Development 2024; 151:dev202420. [PMID: 38300806 PMCID: PMC10946436 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Defective tissue fusion during mammalian embryogenesis results in congenital anomalies, such as exencephaly, spina bifida and cleft lip and/or palate. The highly conserved transcription factor grainyhead-like 2 (Grhl2) is a crucial regulator of tissue fusion, with mouse models lacking GRHL2 function presenting with a fully penetrant open cranial neural tube, facial and abdominal clefting (abdominoschisis), and an open posterior neuropore. Here, we show that GRHL2 interacts with the soluble morphogen protein and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) inhibitor noggin (NOG) to impact tissue fusion during development. The maxillary prominence epithelium in embryos lacking Grhl2 shows substantial morphological abnormalities and significant upregulation of NOG expression, together with aberrantly distributed pSMAD5-positive cells within the neural crest cell-derived maxillary prominence mesenchyme, indicative of disrupted BMP signalling. Reducing this elevated NOG expression (by generating Grhl2-/-;Nog+/- embryos) results in delayed embryonic lethality, partial tissue fusion rescue, and restoration of tissue form within the craniofacial epithelia. These data suggest that aberrant epithelial maintenance, partially regulated by noggin-mediated regulation of BMP-SMAD pathways, may underpin tissue fusion defects in Grhl2-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. de Vries
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Marina R. Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Jarrad N. Fuller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Yindi Sutton
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Darren D. Partridge
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Alana Auden
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Peter J. Anderson
- Australian Craniofacial Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephen M. Jane
- Department of Medicine, Monash University Central Clinical School, Prahran, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Sebastian Dworkin
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
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2
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Ishan M, Wang Z, Zhao P, Yao Y, Stice SL, Wells L, Mishina Y, Liu HX. Taste papilla cell differentiation requires the regulation of secretory protein production by ALK3-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme. Development 2023; 150:dev201838. [PMID: 37680190 PMCID: PMC10560570 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Taste papillae are specialized organs, each of which comprises an epithelial wall hosting taste buds and a core of mesenchymal tissue. In the present study, we report that during early taste papilla development in mouse embryos, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling mediated by type 1 receptor ALK3 in the tongue mesenchyme is required for epithelial Wnt/β-catenin activity and taste papilla differentiation. Mesenchyme-specific knockout (cKO) of Alk3 using Wnt1-Cre and Sox10-Cre resulted in an absence of taste papillae at E12.0. Biochemical and cell differentiation analyses demonstrated that mesenchymal ALK3-BMP signaling governed the production of previously unappreciated secretory proteins, i.e. it suppressed those that inhibit and facilitated those that promote taste papilla differentiation. Bulk RNA-sequencing analysis revealed many more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tongue epithelium than in the mesenchyme in Alk3 cKO versus control. Moreover, we detected downregulated epithelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling and found that taste papilla development in the Alk3 cKO was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitor LiCl, but not by Wnt3a. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the requirement of tongue mesenchyme in taste papilla cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ishan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Steven L. Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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3
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Kyomen S, Murillo-Rincón AP, Kaucká M. Evolutionary mechanisms modulating the mammalian skull development. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220080. [PMID: 37183900 PMCID: PMC10184257 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammals possess impressive craniofacial variation that mirrors their adaptation to diverse ecological niches, feeding behaviour, physiology and overall lifestyle. The spectrum of craniofacial geometries is established mainly during embryonic development. The formation of the head represents a sequence of events regulated on genomic, molecular, cellular and tissue level, with each step taking place under tight spatio-temporal control. Even minor variations in timing, position or concentration of the molecular drivers and the resulting events can affect the final shape, size and position of the skeletal elements and the geometry of the head. Our knowledge of craniofacial development increased substantially in the last decades, mainly due to research using conventional vertebrate model organisms. However, how developmental differences in head formation arise specifically within mammals remains largely unexplored. This review highlights three evolutionary mechanisms acknowledged to modify ontogenesis: heterochrony, heterotopy and heterometry. We present recent research that links changes in developmental timing, spatial organization or gene expression levels to the acquisition of species-specific skull morphologies. We highlight how these evolutionary modifications occur on the level of the genes, molecules and cellular processes, and alter conserved developmental programmes to generate a broad spectrum of skull shapes characteristic of the class Mammalia. This article is part of the theme issue 'The mammalian skull: development, structure and function'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Kyomen
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, Plön 24306, Germany
| | - Andrea P Murillo-Rincón
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, Plön 24306, Germany
| | - Markéta Kaucká
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, Plön 24306, Germany
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4
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Collier AE, Piekos SN, Liu A, Pattison JM, Felix F, Bailetti AA, Sedov E, Gaddam S, Zhen H, Oro AE. GRHL2 and AP2a coordinate early surface ectoderm lineage commitment during development. iScience 2023; 26:106125. [PMID: 36843855 PMCID: PMC9950457 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias including skin abnormalities and cleft lip/palate result from improper surface ectoderm (SE) patterning. However, the connection between SE gene regulatory networks and disease remains poorly understood. Here, we dissect human SE differentiation with multiomics and establish GRHL2 as a key mediator of early SE commitment, which acts by skewing cell fate away from the neural lineage. GRHL2 and master SE regulator AP2a balance early cell fate output, with GRHL2 facilitating AP2a binding to SE loci. In turn, AP2a restricts GRHL2 DNA binding away from de novo chromatin contacts. Integration of these regulatory sites with ectodermal dysplasia-associated genomic variants annotated within the Biomedical Data Commons identifies 55 loci previously implicated in craniofacial disorders. These include ABCA4/ARHGAP29 and NOG regulatory regions where disease-linked variants directly affect GRHL2/AP2a binding and gene transcription. These studies elucidate the logic underlying SE commitment and deepen our understanding of human oligogenic disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E. Collier
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Samantha N. Piekos
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Angela Liu
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Franco Felix
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Egor Sedov
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Sadhana Gaddam
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Hanson Zhen
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Anthony E. Oro
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
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5
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BMP-2 and Noggin Immunoexpression in Ameloblastomas, Odontogenic Keratocysts, and Dentigerous Cysts. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:40-46. [PMID: 36315234 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BMP-2 and Noggin are expressed in several tissues and participate in cell differentiation and proliferation during odontogenesis and tumor development. We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of these proteins in ameloblastomas (AMs), odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), and dentigerous cysts (DCs). The expression in AM (n.20), OKC (n.20), and DC (n.20) was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells and expression intensity, resulting in a total immunostaining score. Analysis of BMP-2 and Noggin revealed positivity in all cases. The Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically significant difference for Noggin between AM and DC and between OKC/DC. The mean DC scores were always higher than those of the other groups, regardless of the assessment method. Individual analysis of each lesion showed a positive and significant correlation between the percentage of cells positive for BMP-2 and Noggin in DC. We demonstrated the presence of BMP-2 and Noggin in AMs/OKCs/DCs. Marked expression of BMP-2 was observed in OKCs and AMs. There was also a positive correlation between BMP-2 and Noggin in DCs, suggesting a greater role of these markers in the bone formation and remodeling process since DCs are characterized by phases of bone quiescence and healing.
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Boer EF, Maclary ET, Shapiro MD. Complex genetic architecture of three-dimensional craniofacial shape variation in domestic pigeons. Evol Dev 2021; 23:477-495. [PMID: 34914861 PMCID: PMC9119316 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the genetic basis of vertebrate craniofacial variation is a longstanding biological problem with broad implications in evolution, development, and human pathology. One of the most stunning examples of craniofacial diversification is the adaptive radiation of birds, in which the beak serves essential roles in virtually every aspect of their life histories. The domestic pigeon (Columba livia) provides an exceptional opportunity to study the genetic underpinnings of craniofacial variation because of its unique balance of experimental accessibility and extraordinary phenotypic diversity within a single species. We used traditional and geometric morphometrics to quantify craniofacial variation in an F2 laboratory cross derived from the straight-beaked Pomeranian Pouter and curved-beak Scandaroon pigeon breeds. Using a combination of genome-wide quantitative trait locus scans and multi-locus modeling, we identified a set of genetic loci associated with complex shape variation in the craniofacial skeleton, including beak shape, braincase shape, and mandible shape. Some of these loci control coordinated changes between different structures, while others explain variation in the size and shape of specific skull and jaw regions. We find that in domestic pigeons, a complex blend of both independent and coupled genetic effects underlie three-dimensional craniofacial morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena F Boer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Emily T Maclary
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael D Shapiro
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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7
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LaMantia AS. Why Does the Face Predict the Brain? Neural Crest Induction, Craniofacial Morphogenesis, and Neural Circuit Development. Front Physiol 2020; 11:610970. [PMID: 33362582 PMCID: PMC7759552 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.610970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchephalic and rhombencephalic neural crest cells generate the craniofacial skeleton, special sensory organs, and subsets of cranial sensory receptor neurons. They do so while preserving the anterior-posterior (A-P) identity of their neural tube origins. This organizational principle is paralleled by central nervous system circuits that receive and process information from facial structures whose A-P identity is in register with that in the brain. Prior to morphogenesis of the face and its circuits, however, neural crest cells act as "inductive ambassadors" from distinct regions of the neural tube to induce differentiation of target craniofacial domains and establish an initial interface between the brain and face. At every site of bilateral, non-axial secondary induction, neural crest constitutes all or some of the mesenchymal compartment for non-axial mesenchymal/epithelial (M/E) interactions. Thus, for epithelial domains in the craniofacial primordia, aortic arches, limbs, the spinal cord, and the forebrain (Fb), neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells establish local sources of inductive signaling molecules that drive morphogenesis and cellular differentiation. This common mechanism for building brains, faces, limbs, and hearts, A-P axis specified, neural crest-mediated M/E induction, coordinates differentiation of distal structures, peripheral neurons that provide their sensory or autonomic innervation in some cases, and central neural circuits that regulate their behavioral functions. The essential role of this neural crest-mediated mechanism identifies it as a prime target for pathogenesis in a broad range of neurodevelopmental disorders. Thus, the face and the brain "predict" one another, and this mutual developmental relationship provides a key target for disruption by developmental pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony-Samuel LaMantia
- Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Genetics and Center for Neurobiology Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Tech-Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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8
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Suzuki T, Nakano M, Komatsu M, Takahashi J, Kato H, Nakamura Y. ZMAT2, a newly-identified potential disease-causing gene in congenital radioulnar synostosis, modulates BMP signaling. Bone 2020; 136:115349. [PMID: 32247068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Congenital radioulnar synostosis (RUS) is a rare skeletal disorder that is characterized by fusion of the radius and ulna. As the etiology of RUS is largely unknown, its treatment options are currently limited. A de novo missense mutation in the zinc finger matrin-type 2 (ZMAT2) gene was newly identified in a 5-year-old boy with RUS using whole-exome sequencing. Herein, we sought to further explore the function of zmat2 in zebrafish. Whole-mount in situ hybridization revealed site-specific expression of zzmat2 in the pectoral fins (equivalent to human upper limbs) and craniofacial regions, while immunohistochemistry showed the expression of zZmat2 in the pectoral fins and heart region. Gene knockdown produced defects in the pectoral fins and dorso-ventral patterning. zzmat2 knockdown also caused embryo dorsalization, a phenotype consistent with reduced/insufficient bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. These abnormalities were partially rescued by zbmp2b RNA overexpression and fully rescued by simultaneous overexpression of wild-type zzmat2. Importantly, the overexpression of mutant zzmat2 corresponding to the newly-identified mutation did not fully rescue the dorso-ventral patterning defects. The above findings indicate that ZMAT2 regulates skeletal development via the BMP signaling pathway, and its mutation may lead to a loss or reduction in biological activity. Thus, the newly identified ZMAT2 mutation potentially plays a causal role in RUS through deregulation of BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University, 22 Sanban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8341, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Komatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
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9
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Wu P, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Xu W, Guo H, Deng F, Ma X, Li Y. The balance of Bmp6 and Wnt10b regulates the telogen-anagen transition of hair follicles. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:16. [PMID: 30791955 PMCID: PMC6385416 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periodic growth of hair follicles is regulated by the balance of activators and inhibitors. The BMP signaling pathway plays an important role during hair follicle regeneration, but the exact BMP protein that controls this process has not been revealed. METHODS The expression of BMP6 was determined via in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. The in vivo effect of BMP6 overexpression was studied by using a previously established adenovirus injection model. The hair follicle regeneration was assessed by gross observation, H&E staining and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) tracing. The expression patterns of BMP6 signaling and Wnt10b signaling in both AdBMP6-treated and AdWnt10b-treated skins were determined by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. RESULTS BMP6 was expressed differently in the stages of hair follicle cycle. The telogen-anagen transition of hair follicles was inhibited by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of BMP6. In the in vivo model, the BMP6 signaling was inhibited by Wnt10b and the Wnt10b signaling was inhibited by BMP6. The activation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) was also competitively regulated by Wnt10b and BMP6. CONCLUSIONS Combined with previously reported data of Wnt10b, our findings indicate that BMP6 and Wnt10b are major inhibitors and activators respectively and their balance regulates the telogen-anagen transition of hair follicles. To the best of our knowledge, our data provide previously unreported insights into the regulation of hair follicle cycling and provide new clues for the diagnosis and therapies of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yizhan Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing First People's Hospital and Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiying Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaogen Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Gaotanyan street No. 30, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Abstract
Jaw bones and teeth originate from the first pharyngeal arch and develop in closely related ways. Reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required for the early patterning and morphogenesis of both tissues. Here we review the cellular contribution during the development of the jaw bones and teeth. We also highlight signaling networks as well as transcription factors mediating tissue-tissue interactions that are essential for jaw bone and tooth development. Finally, we discuss the potential for stem cell mediated regenerative therapies to mitigate disorders and injuries that affect these organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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11
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Reynolds K, Kumari P, Sepulveda Rincon L, Gu R, Ji Y, Kumar S, Zhou CJ. Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/2/dmm037051. [PMID: 30760477 PMCID: PMC6398499 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis, including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth week of gestation in humans or embryonic day 9.5 in mice. Disruptions in these early events may cause serious consequences, such as orofacial clefts, mainly cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Morphogenetic Wnt signaling, along with other signaling pathways and transcription regulation mechanisms, plays crucial roles during embryonic development, yet the signaling mechanisms and interactions in lip and palate formation and fusion remain poorly understood. Various Wnt signaling and related genes have been associated with orofacial clefts. This Review discusses the role of Wnt signaling and its crosstalk with cell adhesion molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and other morphogenetic signaling pathways, including the Bmp, Fgf, Tgfβ, Shh and retinoic acid pathways, in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models, which may provide a better understanding of these disorders and could be applied towards prevention and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Lessly Sepulveda Rincon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA .,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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12
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Manocha S, Farokhnia N, Khosropanah S, Bertol JW, Santiago J, Fakhouri WD. Systematic review of hormonal and genetic factors involved in the nonsyndromic disorders of the lower jaw. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:162-172. [PMID: 30576023 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular disorders are among the most common birth defects in humans, yet the etiological factors are largely unknown. Most of the neonates affected by mandibular abnormalities have a sequence of secondary anomalies, including airway obstruction and feeding problems, that reduce the quality of life. In the event of lacking corrective surgeries, patients with mandibular congenital disorders suffer from additional lifelong problems such as sleep apnea and temporomandibular disorders, among others. The goal of this systematic review is to gather evidence on hormonal and genetic factors that are involved in signaling pathways and interactions that are potentially associated with the nonsyndromic mandibular disorders. We found that members of FGF and BMP pathways, including FGF8/10, FGFR2/3, BMP2/4/7, BMPR1A, ACVR1, and ACVR2A/B, have a prominent number of gene-gene interactions among all identified genes in this review. Gene ontology of the 154 genes showed that the functional gene sets are involved in all aspects of cellular processes and organogenesis. Some of the genes identified by the genome-wide association studies of common mandibular disorders are involved in skeletal formation and growth retardation based on animal models, suggesting a potential direct role as genetic risk factors in the common complex jaw disorders. Developmental Dynamics 248:162-172, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Manocha
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Nadia Farokhnia
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sepideh Khosropanah
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles
| | - Jessica W Bertol
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Joel Santiago
- Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação (PRPPG), Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Jardim Brasil, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walid D Fakhouri
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
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13
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Wang W, Zhou C, Feng Z, Li H, Zhang Y, Bao B, Cai B, Chen M, Huang H. PLGA-based control release of Noggin blocks the premature fusion of cranial sutures caused by retinoic acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:291-301. [PMID: 30392121 PMCID: PMC6311184 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis (CS), the premature and pathological fusion of cranial sutures, is a relatively common developmental disorder. Elucidation of the pathways involved and thus therapeutically targeting it would be promising for the prevention of CS. In the present study, we examined the role of BMP pathway in the all-trans retinoic acid (atRA)-induced CS model and tried to target the pathway in vivo via PLGA-based control release. As expected, the posterior frontal suture was found to fuse prematurely in the atRA subcutaneous injection mouse model. Further mechanism study revealed that atRA could repress the proliferation while promote the osteogenic differentiation of suture-derived mesenchymal cells (SMCs). Moreover, BMP signal pathway was found to be activated by atRA, as seen from increased expression of BMPR-2 and pSMAD1/5/9. Recombinant mouse Noggin blocked the atRA-induced enhancement of osteogenesis of SMCs in vitro. In vivo, PLGA microsphere encapsulated with Noggin significantly prevented the atRA-induced suture fusion. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that BMP signaling is involved in retinoic acid-induced premature fusion of cranial sutures, while PLGA microsphere-based control release of Noggin emerges as a promising strategy for prevention of atRA-induced suture fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicai Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicai Feng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baicheng Bao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 89 Taoyuan Road, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hongzhang Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Lingyuanxi Road, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Wilson-Nagrani C, Richmond S, Paternoster L. Non-syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Polymorphisms Affect Normal Lip Morphology. Front Genet 2018; 9:413. [PMID: 30405682 PMCID: PMC6207999 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a frequent malformation of the facial region. Genetic variants (SNPs) within nineteen loci have been previously associated with NSCL/P in GWAS studies of European individuals. These common variant SNPs may have subtler effects on the morphology of the lip and face in unaffected individuals. Several studies have investigated the genetic influences on facial morphology using land-marking methods, but these landmarks are sparse in the lip region. The aim of this study is to assess for associations between the nineteen NSCL/P SNPs and normal lip phenotypes, using a detailed categorical scale. Three-dimensional laser scanned facial images were obtained of 4,747 subjects recruited from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and genetic data was available for 3,643 of them. A polygenetic risk score (PRS) combining the nineteen NSCL/P SNPs was associated with V-shaped Cupid's bow (P = 3 × 10−4) and narrow philtrum (P = 2 × 10−4) phenotypes. Analysis of individual SNPs found strong evidence for association between rs227731 and skeletal II pattern (P = 5 × 10−6). This study finds that known NSCL/P SNPs affect lip phenotypes in the general population, and an increased PRS is associated with narrow philtrum and V-shaped Cupid's bow. However, the difference in NSCL/P PRS between people with and without certain lip features is unlikely to be great enough to serve as a useful marker of NSCL/P risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Richmond
- Department of Orthodontics, University Dental Hospital, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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15
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Suzuki A, Jun G, Abdallah N, Gajera M, Iwata J. Gene datasets associated with mouse cleft palate. Data Brief 2018; 18:655-673. [PMID: 29896534 PMCID: PMC5996166 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents data on genes associated with cleft palate (CP), retrieved through both a full-text systematic review and a mouse genome informatics (MGI) database search. In order to group CP-associated genes according to function, pathway, biological process, and cellular component, the genes were analyzed using category enrichment bioinformatics tools, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO). This approach provides invaluable opportunities for the identification of candidate pathways and genes in CP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Goo Jun
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nada Abdallah
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mona Gajera
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Yang Y, Yuan J, Yao X, Zhang R, Yang H, Zhao R, Guo J, Jin K, Mei H, Luo Y, Zhao L, Tu M, Zhu Y. BMPR1B mutation causes Pierre Robin sequence. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25864-25871. [PMID: 28418932 PMCID: PMC5432222 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated a large family with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Aim of the study This study aims to determine the genetic cause of PRS. Results The reciprocal translocation t(4;6)(q22;p21) was identified to be segregated with PRS in a three-generation family. Whole-genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing successfully detected breakpoints in the intragenic regions of BMRP1B and GRM4. We hypothesized that PRS in this family was caused by (i) haploinsufficiency for BMPR1B or (ii) a gain of function mechanism mediated by the BMPR1B-GRM4 fusion gene. In an unrelated family, we identified another BMPR1B-splicing mutation that co-segregated with PRS. Conclusion We detected two BMPR1B mutations in two unrelated PRS families, suggesting that BMPR1B disruption is probably a cause of human PRS. Methods GTG banding, comparative genomic hybridization, whole-genome sequencing, and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the gene causing PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Yang
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Institute of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jianying Yuan
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Yao
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Division of Neonatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Yang
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Division of Neonatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Jihong Guo
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Jin
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Mei
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Yongqi Luo
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Zhao
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Tu
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- The Laboratory of Genetics and Metabolism, Hunan Children's Research Institute , Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Institute of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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17
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ISLET1-Dependent β-Catenin/Hedgehog Signaling Is Required for Outgrowth of the Lower Jaw. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00590-16. [PMID: 28069742 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00590-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular patterning information initially resides in the epithelium during development. However, how transcriptional regulation of epithelium-derived signaling controls morphogenesis of the mandible remains elusive. Using ShhCre to target the mandibular epithelium, we ablated transcription factor Islet1, resulting in a distally truncated mandible via unbalanced cell apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation in the distal mesenchyme. Loss of Islet1 caused a lack of cartilage at the distal tip, leading the fusion of two growing mandibular elements surrounding the rostral process of Meckel's cartilage. Loss of Islet1 results in dysregulation of mesenchymal genes important for morphogenesis of the mandibular arch. We revealed that Islet1 is required for the activation of epithelial β-catenin signaling via repression of Wnt antagonists. Reactivation of β-catenin in the epithelium of the Islet1 mutant rescued mandibular morphogenesis through sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling to the mesenchyme. Furthermore, overexpression of a transgenic hedgehog ligand in the epithelium also partially restored outgrowth of the mandible. These data reveal functional roles for an ISLET1-dependent network integrating β-catenin/SHH signals in mesenchymal cell survival and outgrowth of the mandible during development.
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18
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Common mechanisms in development and disease: BMP signaling in craniofacial development. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 27:129-39. [PMID: 26747371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BMP signaling is one of the key pathways regulating craniofacial development. It is involved in the early patterning of the head, the development of cranial neural crest cells, and facial patterning. It regulates development of its mineralized structures, such as cranial bones, maxilla, mandible, palate, and teeth. Targeted mutations in the mouse have been instrumental to delineate the functional involvement of this signaling network in different aspects of craniofacial development. Gene polymorphisms and mutations in BMP pathway genes have been associated with various non-syndromic and syndromic human craniofacial malformations. The identification of intricate cellular interactions and underlying molecular pathways illustrate the importance of local fine-regulation of Bmp signaling to control proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, and stem/progenitor differentiation during craniofacial development. Thus, BMP signaling contributes both to shape and functionality of our facial features. BMP signaling also regulates postnatal craniofacial growth and is associated with dental structures life-long. A more detailed understanding of BMP function in growth, homeostasis, and repair of postnatal craniofacial tissues will contribute to our ability to rationally manipulate this signaling network in the context of tissue engineering.
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