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Waters SJ, Basile BM, Murray EA. Reevaluating the role of the hippocampus in memory: A meta-analysis of neurotoxic lesion studies in nonhuman primates. Hippocampus 2023; 33:787-807. [PMID: 36649170 PMCID: PMC10213107 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus and perirhinal cortex are both broadly implicated in memory; nevertheless, their relative contributions to visual item recognition and location memory remain disputed. Neuropsychological studies in nonhuman primates that examine memory function after selective damage to medial temporal lobe structures report various levels of memory impairment-ranging from minor deficits to profound amnesia. The discrepancies in published findings have complicated efforts to determine the exact magnitude of visual item recognition and location memory impairments following damage to the hippocampus and/or perirhinal cortex. To provide the most accurate estimate to date of the overall effect size, we use meta-analytic techniques on data aggregated from 26 publications that assessed visual item recognition and/or location memory in nonhuman primates with and without selective neurotoxic lesions of the hippocampus or perirhinal cortex. We estimated the overall effect size, evaluated the relation between lesion extent and effect size, and investigated factors that may account for between-study variation. Grouping studies by lesion target and testing method, separate meta-analyses were conducted. One meta-analysis indicated that impairments on tests of visual item recognition were larger after lesions of perirhinal cortex than after lesions of the hippocampus. A separate meta-analysis showed that performance on tests of location memory was severely impaired by lesions of the hippocampus. For the most part, meta-regressions indicated that greater impairment corresponds with greater lesion extent; paradoxically, however, more extensive hippocampal lesions predicted smaller impairments on tests of visual item recognition. We conclude the perirhinal cortex makes a larger contribution than the hippocampus to visual item recognition, and the hippocampus predominately contributes to spatial navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer J. Waters
- Section on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Basile
- Section on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
- Department of Psychology, Dickinson College, Carlisle PA, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Murray
- Section on the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda MD 20892, USA
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2
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Duff K, Suhrie KR, Dalley BCA, Porter SM, Dixon AM. Recognition subtests for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status: Preliminary data in cognitively intact older adults, amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 35:1415-1425. [PMID: 32883179 PMCID: PMC7925698 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2020.1812724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) has three delayed recall subtests (list, story, figure), but only one delayed recognition subtest (list). Since comparisons between delayed recall and recognition can be useful in clinical neuropsychology, the current study sought to develop and preliminarily examine two proposed new subtests for Form A of the RBANS, Story Recognition and Figure Recognition. Method: A sample of older adults who were cognitively intact (n = 48) or classified with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI, n = 29) or mild Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 24) were administered the RBANS and the two new recognition subtests. Results: In the primary analyses, cognitively intact participants performed significantly better than the two memory-impaired groups on all twelve scores (one recall and three recognition [total, hits, false positive errors] for the list, story, and figure). For amnestic MCI and AD participants, they showed statistically comparable scores on 7 of the 12 variables, where those with MCI performed better than those with AD on the other five scores. Across the three groups, effect sizes were large (e.g., Cohen's d = 1.0-2.9). In secondary analyses, all of the List Recall and Recognition scores significantly correlated with one another, and this pattern was observed for all of the Story Recall and Recognition scores and most of the Figure Recall and Recognition scores. Conclusions: Although preliminary, these new recognition scores appear to provide useful information and may improve the sensitivity of the RBANS in identifying cortical/subcortical profiles in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Duff
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kayla R Suhrie
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bonnie C A Dalley
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sariah M Porter
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ava M Dixon
- Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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3
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Recall and Self-Relevance of Emotional Words Predict Subjective Self-Evaluation of Cognition in Patients with MTLE with or without Depressive Symptoms. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111402. [PMID: 34827401 PMCID: PMC8615735 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined whether word processing is associated with subjective self-evaluation of cognition in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) as a function of their depressive symptoms. MTLE patients with (MTLE +d, N = 28) or without (MTLE -d, N = 11) depression were compared to pair-matched healthy control participants on free recall and self-relevance ratings of emotionally valenced words. Correlation and hierarchical analyses were conducted to investigate whether the subjective self-evaluation of cognition in MTLE patients is predicted by the negative emotional bias reflected in task performance. MTLE +d patients endorsed as self-relevant fewer positive words and more negative words than the MTLE -d patients and healthy participants. They also self-evaluated their cognition poorer than the MTLE -d patients. Analyses indicated that recall and self-endorsement of emotional words predicted both self-evaluation of cognition as well as epilepsy duration. Our findings indicate that negative self-relevance emotional bias is observed in MTLE patients and is predictive of subjective self-evaluation of cognition. Application of brief behavioral tasks probing emotional functions could be valuable for clinical research and practice in the patients with MTLE.
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Lee SJ, Beam DE, Schjetnan AGP, Paul LK, Chandravadia N, Reed CM, Chung JM, Ross IB, Valiante TA, Mamelak AN, Rutishauser U. Single-neuron correlate of epilepsy-related cognitive deficits in visual recognition memory in right mesial temporal lobe. Epilepsia 2021; 62:2082-2093. [PMID: 34289113 PMCID: PMC8403636 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impaired memory is a common comorbidity of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and often perceived by patients as more problematic than the seizures themselves. The objective of this study is to understand what the relationship of these behavioral impairments is to the underlying pathophysiology, as there are currently no treatments for these deficits, and it remains unknown what circuits are affected. METHODS We recorded single neurons in the medial temporal lobes (MTLs) of 62 patients (37 with refractory TLE) who performed a visual recognition memory task to characterize the relationship between behavior, tuning, and anatomical location of memory selective and visually selective neurons. RESULTS Subjects with a seizure onset zone (SOZ) in the right but not left MTL demonstrated impaired ability to recollect as indicated by the degree of asymmetry of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Of the 1973 recorded neurons, 159 were memory selective (MS) and 366 were visually selective (VS) category cells. The responses of MS neurons located within right but not left MTL SOZs were impaired during high-confidence retrieval trials, mirroring the behavioral deficit seen both in our task and in standardized neuropsychological tests. In contrast, responses of VS neurons were unimpaired in both left and right MTL SOZs. Our findings show that neuronal dysfunction within SOZs in the MTL was specific to a functional cell type and behavior, whereas other cell types respond normally even within the SOZ. We show behavioral metrics that detect right MTL SOZ-related deficits and identify a neuronal correlate of this impairment. SIGNIFICANCE Together, these findings show that single-cell responses can be used to assess the causal effects of local circuit disruption by an SOZ in the MTL, and establish a neural correlate of cognitive impairment due to epilepsy that can be used as a biomarker to assess the efficacy of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung J Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FLA, USA
| | - Danielle E Beam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Lynn K Paul
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Nand Chandravadia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chrystal M Reed
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Chung
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ian B Ross
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Taufik A Valiante
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam N Mamelak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ueli Rutishauser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Nigro S, Cavalli SM, Cerasa A, Riccelli R, Fortunato F, Bianco MG, Martino I, Chiriaco C, Vaccaro MG, Quattrone A, Gambardella A, Labate A. Functional activity changes in memory and emotional systems of healthy subjects with déjà vu. Epilepsy Behav 2019; 97:8-14. [PMID: 31181431 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Déjà vu (DV) is a fascinating and mysterious human experience that has attracted interest from psychologists and neuroscientists for over a century. In recent years, several studies have been conducted to unravel the psychological and neurological correlates of this phenomenon. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the DV experience in benign manifestations are still poorly understood. Thirty-three healthy volunteers completed an extensive neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological battery including personality evaluation. The presence of DV was assessed with the Inventory for Deja vu Experiences Assessment. Participants underwent episodic memory learning test, and 2 days later during event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), they are asked to rate old and new pictures as a novel, moderately/very familiar, or recollected. We identified 18 subjects with DV (DV+) and 15 without DV (DV-) matched for demographical, neuropsychological, and personality characteristics. At a behavioral level, no significant difference was detected in the episodic memory tasks between DV+ and DV-. Functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis revealed that DV+, independently from task conditions, were characterized by increased activity of the bilateral insula coupled with reduced activation in the right parahippocampal, both hippocampi, superior/middle temporal gyri, thalami, caudate nuclei, and superior frontal gyri with respect to DV-. Our study demonstrates that individuals who experienced DV are not characterized by different performance underlying familiarity/recollection memory processes. However, fMRI results provide evidence that the physiological DV experience is associated with the employment of different neural responses of brain regions involved in memory and emotional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nigro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore M Cavalli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Riccelli
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fortunato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Iolanda Martino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmelina Chiriaco
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Vaccaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy; Neuroscience Centre, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Angelo Labate
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Berger J, Plotkin M, Demin K, Holtkamp M, Bengner T. The relationship between structural MRI, FDG-PET, and memory in temporal lobe epilepsy: Preliminary results. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 80:61-67. [PMID: 29414560 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Structural and metabolic abnormalities of the temporal lobe are frequently found in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In the present retrospective study, we investigated whether structural abnormalities evident in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hypometabolism evident in [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) independently influence verbal and nonverbal learning and delayed memory in patients with TLE. Sixty-eight patients with refractory unilateral TLE (35 left TLE, 33 right TLE) were divided into three groups: (1) no evidence of pathology in either MRI or FDG-PET studies (MRI-/PET-, n=15), (2) temporal FDG-PET determined hypometabolism with normal MRI findings (MRI-/PET+, n=21), and (3) evidence of temporal abnormalities in both MRI and FDG-PET studies (MRI+/PET+, n=32). A fourth group (MRI+/PET-, n=4) was too small for further statistical analysis and could not be included. Patients with MRI+/PET+ showed worse verbal memory than patients with MRI-/PET- (p<0.01), regardless of side of seizure focus. Verbal memory performance of patients with MRI-/PET+ was located between patients with MRI+/PET+ and MRI-/PET-, although group differences did not achieve statistical significance (ps>0.1). No group differences were found for nonverbal memory (p=0.27). Our results may suggest an interactive negative effect of metabolic and structural temporal lobe abnormalities on verbal memory. Still, our results are preliminary and need further validation by studies involving larger patient groups and up-to date quantitative imaging analysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Berger
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Epileptology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Katharina Demin
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Epileptology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Martin Holtkamp
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Epileptology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany; Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thomas Bengner
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Department of Epileptology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Berlin, Germany.
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Verger A, Lagarde S, Maillard L, Bartolomei F, Guedj E. Brain molecular imaging in pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy: Current practice and perspectives. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2018; 174:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Weiss AR, Guo W, Richardson R, Bachevalier J. Intact perceptual ability, but impaired familiarity judgment, after neonatal perirhinal lesions in rhesus macaques. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 28:54-64. [PMID: 29175539 PMCID: PMC5737963 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The perirhinal cortex is known to support high-level perceptual abilities as well as familiarity judgments that may affect recognition memory. We tested whether poor perceptual abilities or a loss of familiarity judgment contributed to the recognition memory impairments reported earlier in monkeys with PRh lesions received in infancy (Neo-PRh) (Weiss and Bachevalier, 2016; Zeamer et al., 2015). Perceptual abilities were assessed using a version of the Visual Paired Comparison task with black&white (B&W) stimuli, and familiarity judgments were assessed using the Constant Negative task requiring repeated familiarization exposures. Adult monkeys with Neo-PRh lesions were able to recognize B&W stimuli after short delays, suggesting that their perceptual abilities were within the range of control animals. However, the same Neo-PRh monkeys were slower to acquire the Constant Negative task, requiring more exposures to objects before judging them as familiar compared to control animals. Taken together, the data help to account for the differential patterns of functional compensation on previously reported recognition tasks following neonatal versus adult-onset PRh lesions, and provide further support to the view that the PRh is involved in familiarity processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendi Guo
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322 USA
| | | | - Jocelyne Bachevalier
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322 USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, 30329 USA
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Sone D, Sato N, Maikusa N, Ota M, Sumida K, Yokoyama K, Kimura Y, Imabayashi E, Watanabe Y, Watanabe M, Okazaki M, Onuma T, Matsuda H. Automated subfield volumetric analysis of hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy using high-resolution T2-weighed MR imaging. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2016; 12:57-64. [PMID: 27489767 PMCID: PMC4960104 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Automated subfield volumetry of hippocampus is desirable for use in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but its utility has not been established. Automatic segmentation of hippocampal subfields (ASHS) and the new version of FreeSurfer software (ver.6.0) using high-resolution T2-weighted MR imaging are candidates for this volumetry. The aim of this study was to evaluate hippocampal subfields in TLE patients using ASHS as well as the old and new versions of FreeSurfer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 50 consecutive unilateral TLE patients including 25 with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) and 25 without obvious etiology (TLE-nonHS). All patients and 45 healthy controls underwent high-resolution T2-weighted and 3D-volume T1-weighted MRI scanning. We analyzed all of their MR images by FreeSurfer ver.5.3, ver.6.0 and ASHS. For each subfield, normalized z-scores were calculated and compared among groups. RESULTS In TLE-HS groups, ASHS and FreeSurfer ver.6.0 revealed maximal z-scores in ipsilateral cornu ammonis (CA) 1, CA4 and dentate gyrus (DG), whereas in FreeSurfer ver.5.3 ipsilateral subiculum showed maximal z-scores. In TLE-nonHS group, there was no significant volume reduction by either ASHS or FreeSurfer. CONCLUSIONS ASHS and the new version of FreeSurfer may have an advantage in compatibility with existing histopathological knowledge in TLE patients with HS compared to the old version of FreeSurfer (ver.5.3), although further investigations with pathological findings and/or surgical outcomes are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Sone
- Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Norihide Maikusa
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Miho Ota
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sumida
- Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Kota Yokoyama
- Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Yukio Kimura
- Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Etsuko Imabayashi
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Masako Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Teiichi Onuma
- Musashino-Kokubunji Clinic, 4-1-9-3, Honcho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-0012, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
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Weiss AR, Bachevalier J. Object and spatial memory after neonatal perirhinal lesions in monkeys. Behav Brain Res 2015; 298:210-7. [PMID: 26593109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of the perirhinal cortex (PRh) to recognition memory is well characterized in adults, yet the same lesions have limited effect on recognition of spatial locations. Here, we assessed whether the same outcomes will follow when perirhinal lesions are performed in infancy. Monkeys with neonatal perirhinal (Neo-PRh) lesions and control animals were tested in three operant recognition tasks as they reached adulthood: Delayed Nonmatching-to-Sample (DNMS) and Object Memory Span (OMS), measuring object recognition, and Spatial Memory Span (SMS), measuring recognition of spatial locations. Although Neo-PRh lesions did not impact acquisition of the DNMS rule, they did impair performance when the delays were extended from 30s to 600s. In contrast, the same neonatal lesions had no impact on either the object or spatial memory span tasks, suggesting that the lesions impacted the maintenance of information across longer delays and not memory capacity. Finally, the magnitude of recognition memory impairment after the Neo-PRh lesions was similar to that previously observed after adult-onset perirhinal lesions, indicating minimal, or no, functional compensation after the early PRh lesions. Overall, the results indicate that the PRh is a cortical structure that is important for the normal development of mechanisms supporting object recognition memory. Its contribution may be relevant to the memory impairment observed with human cases of temporal lobe epilepsy without hippocampal sclerosis, but not to the memory impairment found in developmental amnesia cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jocelyne Bachevalier
- Emory University, Georgia; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia
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11
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Guedj E, Bonini F, Gavaret M, Trébuchon A, Aubert S, Boucekine M, Boyer L, Carron R, McGonigal A, Bartolomei F. 18FDG-PET in different subtypes of temporal lobe epilepsy: SEEG validation and predictive value. Epilepsia 2015; 56:414-21. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Guedj
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- CERIMED; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- CNRS; UMR7289; INT; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Francesca Bonini
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
| | - Martine Gavaret
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
| | - Agnès Trébuchon
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
| | - Sandrine Aubert
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
| | - Mohamed Boucekine
- EA 3279 -Public Health, Chronic Disease and Quality of Life; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- EA 3279 -Public Health, Chronic Disease and Quality of Life; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Romain Carron
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
| | - Fabrice Bartolomei
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology; Timone Hospital; APHM; Marseille France
- Brain Dynamics Institute; UMR 1106; Aix-Marseille University; Inserm; Marseille France
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Biagini G, D'Antuono M, Benini R, de Guzman P, Longo D, Avoli M. Perirhinal cortex and temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:130. [PMID: 24009554 PMCID: PMC3756799 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The perirhinal cortex—which is interconnected with several limbic structures and is intimately involved in learning and memory—plays major roles in pathological processes such as the kindling phenomenon of epileptogenesis and the spread of limbic seizures. Both features may be relevant to the pathophysiology of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy that represents the most refractory adult form of epilepsy with up to 30% of patients not achieving adequate seizure control. Compared to other limbic structures such as the hippocampus or the entorhinal cortex, the perirhinal area remains understudied and, in particular, detailed information on its dysfunctional characteristics remains scarce; this lack of information may be due to the fact that the perirhinal cortex is not grossly damaged in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and in models mimicking this epileptic disorder. However, we have recently identified in pilocarpine-treated epileptic rats the presence of selective losses of interneuron subtypes along with increased synaptic excitability. In this review we: (i) highlight the fundamental electrophysiological properties of perirhinal cortex neurons; (ii) briefly stress the mechanisms underlying epileptiform synchronization in perirhinal cortex networks following epileptogenic pharmacological manipulations; and (iii) focus on the changes in neuronal excitability and cytoarchitecture of the perirhinal cortex occurring in the pilocarpine model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Overall, these data indicate that perirhinal cortex networks are hyperexcitable in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy, and that this condition is associated with a selective cellular damage that is characterized by an age-dependent sensitivity of interneurons to precipitating injuries, such as status epilepticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Biagini
- Laboratory of Experimental Epileptology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena, Italy
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Abstract
Forty-four patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) (25 left) and 40 healthy control participants performed a complex visual scene-encoding fMRI task in a 4-T Varian scanner. Healthy controls and left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) patients demonstrated symmetric activation during scene encoding. In contrast, right temporal lobe (RTLE) patients demonstrated left lateralization of scene encoding which differed significantly from healthy controls and LTLE patients (all p≤.05). Lateralization of scene encoding to the right hemisphere among LTLE patients was associated with inferior verbal memory performance as measured by neuropsychological testing (WMS-III Logical Memory Immediate, p = 0.049; WMS-III Paired Associates Immediate, p = 0.036; WMS-III Paired Associates Delayed, p = 0.047). In RTLE patients, left lateralization of scene encoding was associated with lower visuospatial memory performance (BVRT, p = 0.043) but improved verbal memory performance (WMS-III Word List, p = 0.049). These findings indicate that, despite the negative effects of epilepsy, memory functioning is better supported by the affected hemisphere than the hemisphere contralateral to the seizure focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bigras
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Paula K. Shear
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
,Center for Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Jennifer Vannest
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
,Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jane B. Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Jerzy P. Szaflarski
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
,Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
,Center for Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
,Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Richieri R, Boyer L, Padovani R, Adida M, Colavolpe C, Mundler O, Lançon C, Guedj E. Equivalent brain SPECT perfusion changes underlying therapeutic efficiency in pharmacoresistant depression using either high-frequency left or low-frequency right prefrontal rTMS. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 39:364-70. [PMID: 22850205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional neuroimaging studies have suggested similar mechanisms underlying antidepressant effects of distinct therapeutics. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine and compare functional brain patterns underlying the antidepressant response of 2 distinct protocols of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). METHODS 99mTc-ECD SPECT was performed before and after rTMS of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in 61 drug-resistant right-handed patients with major depression, using high frequency (10Hz) left-side stimulation in 33 patients, and low frequency (1Hz) right-side stimulation in 28 patients. Efficiency of rTMS response was defined as at least 50% reduction of the baseline Beck Depression Inventory score. We compared the whole-brain voxel-based brain SPECT changes in perfusion after rTMS, between responders and non-responders in the whole sample (p<0.005, uncorrected), and separately in the subgroup of patients with left- and right-stimulation. RESULTS Before rTMS, the left- and right-prefrontal stimulation groups did not differ from clinical data and brain SPECT perfusion. rTMS efficiency (evaluated on % of responders) was statistically equivalent in the two groups of patients. In the whole-group of responder patients, a perfusion decrease was found after rTMS, in comparison to non-responders, within the left perirhinal cortex (BA35, BA36). This result was secondarily confirmed separately in the two subgroups, i.e. after either left stimulation (p=0.017) or right stimulation (p<0.001), without significant perfusion differences between these two subgroups. CONCLUSIONS These data show that distinct successful rTMS protocols induce equivalent brain functional changes associated to antidepressive efficiency, consisting to a remote brain limbic activity decrease within the left perirhinal cortex. However, these results will have to be confirmed in a double-blind randomized trial using a sham control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Richieri
- Hôpital Sainte Marguerite, Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire, 13009 Marseille, France.
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Guedj E, McGonigal A, Vaugier L, Mundler O, Bartolomei F. Metabolic brain PET pattern underlying hyperkinetic seizures. Epilepsy Res 2012; 101:237-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Doucet G, Osipowicz K, Sharan A, Sperling MR, Tracy JI. Extratemporal functional connectivity impairments at rest are related to memory performance in mesial temporal epilepsy. Hum Brain Mapp 2012; 34:2202-16. [PMID: 22505284 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most frequent form of focal epilepsy. At rest, there is evidence that brain abnormalities in MTLE are not limited to the epileptogenic region, but extend throughout the whole brain. It is also well established that MTLE patients suffer from episodic memory deficits. Thus, we investigated the relation between the functional connectivity seen at rest in fMRI and episodic memory impairments in MTLE. We focused on resting state BOLD activity and evaluated whether functional connectivity (FC) differences emerge from MTL seeds in left and right MTLE groups, compared with healthy controls. Results revealed significant FC reductions in both patient groups, localized in angular gyri, thalami, posterior cingulum and medial frontal cortex. We found that the FC between the left non-pathologic MTL and the medial frontal cortex was positively correlated with the delayed recall score of a non-verbal memory test in right MTLE patients, suggesting potential adaptive changes to preserve this memory function. In contrast, we observed a negative correlation between a verbal memory test and the FC between the left pathologic MTL and posterior cingulum in left MTLE patients, suggesting potential functional maladaptative changes in the pathologic hemisphere. Overall, the present study provides some indication that left MTLE may be more impairing than right MTLE patients to normative functional connectivity. Our data also indicates that the pattern of extra-temporal FC may vary as a function of episodic memory material and each hemisphere's capacity for cognitive reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Doucet
- Department of Neurology, Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Laboratory, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Medical College, 901 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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de Vanssay-Maigne A, Noulhiane M, Devauchelle AD, Rodrigo S, Baudoin-Chial S, Meder JF, Oppenheim C, Chiron C, Chassoux F. Modulation of encoding and retrieval by recollection and familiarity: mapping the medial temporal lobe networks. Neuroimage 2011; 58:1131-8. [PMID: 21763430 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures are crucial for episodic memory. However, it remains unclear how these structures are involved in encoding and retrieval processes as a function of recollection and familiarity. To better elucidate MTL organization of these two processes, we implemented an fMRI protocol in which both encoding and retrieval of words were scanned in 21 healthy adults. During encoding, subjects were requested to bind each word to an emotional context (pleasant or unpleasant). Retrieval consisted of a Remember/Know procedure in two stages: first, subjects had to recognize the word, followed by the retrieval of the associated emotional context. fMRI data were reported in eight manually delineated MTL regions of interest (in the head, body and tail of the hippocampus, the entorhinal, perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices, the amygdala and the temporopolar cortex). Results obtained in 19 subjects showed four MTL patterns of activity consisting in activations of parahippocampal cortex and hippocampus in episodic encoding and retrieval and perirhinal cortex involvement in familiarity. These results are in line with the Binding of Item and Context (BIC) model predictions. Additionally, some new findings specified the familiarity MTL neural substrate by showing precise entorhinal activations during retrieval of familiar words, as well as hippocampal and amygdala deactivations in encoding of these words. Finally, we emphasize that among all four memory processes, episodic retrieval (recollection effect) was the only one eliciting strong bilateral activations in all MTL structures. These results should be considered for future studies on MTL dysfunction in patients with temporal lobe damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée de Vanssay-Maigne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sainte-Anne Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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