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Cervantes-Cardona GA, Cervantes-Guevara G, Cervantes-Pérez E, Fuentes-Orozco C, Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Chejfec-Ciociano JM, Brancaccio-Pérez IV, Zarate-Casas MF, González-Ponce FY, Ascencio-Díaz KV, Guzmán-Ruvalcaba MJ, Cueto-Valadez TA, Cueto-Valadez AE, González-Ojeda A. Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among High School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study in Western Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192316154. [PMID: 36498227 PMCID: PMC9740571 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation and school closure may predispose adolescents to higher prevalence rates of depression, anxiety, and stress. In this cross-sectional observational study, the validated Spanish version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale was administered to 3112 students aged 14-22 years old. We also collected data on participant gender, age group, school shift (morning or afternoon), school year, family type, whether they or any first-degree relative had been infected with COVID-19, whether any family member had died of COVID-19, and whether either of their parents worked. Mean scores were 8.34 ± 6.33 for depression, 7.75 ± 5.89 for anxiety, and 10.26 ± 5.84 for stress. Female students presented significantly higher scores on all three measures compared with male students. Students who had been infected with COVID-19, who had an infected family member, or who had a family member who died of COVID-19 also presented higher scores on all three measures. Identifying the symptoms and warning signs of depression and anxiety disorders is critical, particularly in vulnerable populations like adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Gabino Cervantes-Guevara
- Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Mexico
| | - Enrique Cervantes-Pérez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Calle Hospital 278, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
| | - Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Zarate-Casas
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Fanny Yesenia González-Ponce
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Kriscia Vanessa Ascencio-Díaz
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
| | - Alejandro González-Ojeda
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Mexico
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Xu Y, Liu T, Jiang Y, Zhao X, Meng F, Xu G, Zhao M. Psychosocial Adaptation Among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2157-2167. [PMID: 35979227 PMCID: PMC9377396 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s376254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suffer from physical symptoms and psychosocial issues. This generates risks of psychosocial maladjustment that is closely linked with self-care ability and health-related quality of life. The study aimed to explore psychosocial adaptation of IBD patients in China and the influencing factors from individual and family levels. Patients and Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 191 Chinese patients with IBD were recruited from October 2020 to September 2021. General information questionnaire, general family functioning scale, resilience scale for IBD, and psychosocial adaptation questionnaire for IBD were used for investigation. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictive factors of psychosocial adaptation. Results IBD patients reported a moderate level of psychosocial adaptation. Regression analysis showed that personal resilience especially the three dimensions (i.e., positive illness perception, disease management, and support from fellow IBD patients), general family functioning, and disease conditions (i.e., extra-intestinal manifestations and current disease status) were the main contributing factors of psychosocial adaptation, explaining 49.3% of the total variance. Conclusion The findings suggest that healthcare providers could focus on improving patients’ illness perception about IBD and strengthening their disease management abilities, together with optimizing patients’ family functioning to enhance their psychosocial adaptation level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Xu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Jiang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhi Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Meng
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyi Xu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Zhao
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Liu S, Yang H, Cheng M, Miao T. Family Dysfunction and Cyberchondria among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9716. [PMID: 35955070 PMCID: PMC9368117 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyberchondria has become a severe health problem and a significant public concern. In addition to the impacts that cyberchondria involves, individual psychological and behavioral factors have been identified. However, the role of family function and the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying these relations are not understood well, especially among adolescents. Based on family functioning and cognitive-behavioral theory, this study sought to examine whether family dysfunction was associated with cyberchondria, and a moderated mediation model was prepared as a means of exploring whether health anxiety was a mediator of relationships between family dysfunction and cyberchondria, as well as whether optimism moderated these mediating processes. A total of 2074 Chinese adolescents (mean = 15.08 years, SD = 1.79) reported their demographic information, family dysfunction, health anxiety, optimism, and cyberchondria. The findings showed that family dysfunction was positively related to cyberchondria. Moreover, health anxiety partially mediated the relationship between family dysfunction and cyberchondria. Finally, optimism moderated the interplay among health anxiety and cyberchondria. Consistent with the expectancy-value models, this positive relationship was weaker for adolescents with a higher level of optimism. These results suggest that it is vital to simultaneously consider individual and family factors as a means of understanding adolescent cyberchondria when performing cyberchondria intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyingjie Liu
- Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huai Yang
- School of Nursing & Institute of Higher Education Research and Quality Evaluation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Humanities & Arts, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Tianchang Miao
- College of Humanities & Arts, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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The Longitudinal Relationships between Family Functioning and Children’s Conduct Problems: The Moderating Role of Attentional Control Indexed by Intraindividual Response Time Variability. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Mlinar S, Rener Primec Z, Petek D. Psychosocial Factors in the Experience of Epilepsy: A Qualitative Analysis of Narratives. Behav Neurol 2021; 2021:9976110. [PMID: 34354774 PMCID: PMC8331301 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9976110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epilepsy is a complex disease. The consequences of epilepsy are varied and manifested in all aspects of people with epilepsy's (PWE) lives. The purpose of this study was to define individual experiences of epilepsy, expressed in narratives, and to find the stem of each narrative-a core event in the PWE's experience of the disease around which they structure their overall narrative. METHOD A qualitative, phenomenological research method was used. We conducted semistructured interviews with 22 PWE and analysed the content using a combination of inductive and deductive methods, based on which we determined the stem narratives. RESULTS The stem narrative of the epilepsy narrative is an important life experience of PWE. We divided the stem narratives into four groups: lifestyle changes, relationship changes, the consequences of the inciting incident, and the limitations of the disease. In our study, we found that the stem narrative was, in all but one case, a secondary (psychosocial) factor resulting from epilepsy, but not its symptom (epileptic seizure). The stem narrative, where aspects of life with epilepsy are exposed, points to a fundamental loss felt by PWE. CONCLUSION The narrative of the experience of epilepsy has proven to be an important source of information about the disease and life of PWE and also about the aspects at the forefront of life with epilepsy. The secondary epilepsy factors that we identified in the stem narratives were the greatest burden for PWE in all cases but one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mlinar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zvonka Rener Primec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child, Adolescent and Developmental Neurology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, Bohoričeva 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Davorina Petek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Poljanski nasip 58, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Yunita FC, Yusuf A, Nihayati HE, Hilfida NH. Coping strategies used by families in Indonesia when caring for patients with mental disorders post -pasung, based on a case study approach. Gen Psychiatr 2020; 33:e100035. [PMID: 32215358 PMCID: PMC7047469 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2018-100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of post-pasung (physical restraint) patients with mental disorders has become a new problem in Indonesia in its effort to free the country from the physical restraint programme. Problems emerge when the patient returns to the family and society at large, and families that refuse to allow the patient to come back home risk the possibility that the patient may eventually become a psychotic vagrant. Aims To determine the appearance of families taking care of patients with mental disorders post-pasung. Method This study was qualitative research using a case study approach. The number of participants from six families was selected by purposive sampling. Collecting data was done by in-depth interview, and analysed thematically using Colaizzi steps. Results The results showed that families coping when taking care of patients with mental disorders post-pasung comprise seven themes. The seven themes are formed by four categories, 19 sub-themes and 32 sections. Discussion The appearance of coping was the overall description of coping in the form of strategic process stages, the support of coping and meaning for what the families feel when they are taking care of a patient with a mental disorder post-pasung. The appearance of coping showed how the family chooses the mechanisms of coping to deal with stress and crisis. Conclusion The coping mechanisms that families use when taking care of a patient with a mental disorder post-pasung were formed through stages of a strategic process. Families need coping strengthening interventions to provide optimal care for patients with mental disorders post-pasung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fildzah Cindra Yunita
- Department of Psychiatry and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Ah Yusuf
- Department of Psychiatry and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Hanik Endang Nihayati
- Department of Psychiatry and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Nurullia Hanum Hilfida
- Department of Psychiatry and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
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Wang Y, Tian L, Guo L, Huebner ES. Family dysfunction and Adolescents' anxiety and depression: A multiple mediation model. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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McLaughlin RM, Schraegle WA, Nussbaum NL, Titus JB. Parental coping and its role in predicting health-related quality of life in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 87:1-6. [PMID: 30145371 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psychosocial difficulties are known to greatly impact the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of a child with epilepsy, and parental coping is a unique aspect that has not been examined in relation to HRQOL in the pediatric population with epilepsy. This study assessed the relationship of parental coping with HRQOL and other clinical and sociodemographic factors. METHODS Data included parental ratings on the Illness Cognition Questionnaire-Parent (ICQ-P) and the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy (QOLCE) questionnaire for 108 children and adolescents with epilepsy (mean 11.34 years of age). The ICQ-P examines parental coping through constructs of illness cognitions while QOLCE determines overall functioning as indicated by parents. Bivariate correlations were conducted to identify significant associations with parental coping, followed by a multiple linear regression to determine the relative contribution of parental coping on HRQOL. Sociodemographic factors on parental coping were explored with an analysis of covariance. RESULTS Longer duration of epilepsy (r = 0.202) and higher HRQOL (r = 0.208) were significantly associated with parental acceptance on the ICQ-P. Higher parental helplessness was significantly associated with female gender of the child (r = 0.262), diminished HRQOL (r = -0.566), greater seizure frequency (r = 0.255), and higher number of prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (r = 0.226). Parent-rated perceived benefits did not have significant association with study variables. Multiple linear regression revealed age of seizure onset (β = 0.19, p = 0.05), seizure frequency (β = -0.22, p = 0.01), and degree of parental helplessness (β = -0.50, p ≤ 0.01) as unique predictors of HRQOL. Two separate ANCOVAs revealed no significant associations between maternal education or insurance type on parental helplessness. SIGNIFICANCE Parental coping is significantly related to HRQOL in youth with epilepsy, and elevated feelings of helplessness, along with epilepsy severity, predict lower HRQOL. These findings are the first to demonstrate the unique role of parental coping in HRQOL among youth with epilepsy, and they highlight the importance of providing support to the whole family during pediatric epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M McLaughlin
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America
| | - William A Schraegle
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, United States of America
| | - Nancy L Nussbaum
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey B Titus
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, United States of America.
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Illness identity in young adults with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 80:48-55. [PMID: 29414558 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Refractory epilepsy is an intrusive condition with important implications for daily functioning in emerging and young adulthood. The present study examined the degree to which refractory epilepsy is integrated in one's identity, and examined how such a sense of illness identity was related to health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS A total of 121 18- to 40-year-old patients with refractory epilepsy (56.2% women) completed self-report questionnaires assessing the four illness identity states of acceptance, enrichment, engulfment, and rejection (Illness Identity Questionnaire (IIQ)); HRQOL (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory - 31); and seizure frequency and severity (Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS)). Illness identity scores were compared with a sample of 191 patients with a nonneurological chronic disease (congenital heart disease). Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess the predictive value of illness identity for HRQOL when simultaneously controlling for demographic and clinical features. RESULTS Patients with refractory epilepsy scored higher on rejection and engulfment and lower on acceptance when compared with patients with congenital heart disease. Further, seizure severity and number of medication side-effects were positively related to engulfment and negatively to acceptance. Finally, when simultaneously controlling for various demographic and clinical variables, illness identity significantly predicted HRQOL (with engulfment being the strongest and most consistent predictor). CONCLUSION The extent to which patients with refractory epilepsy succeed in integrating their illness into their identity may have important implications for HRQOL. Clinicians should be especially attentive for signs that patients feel engulfed by their epilepsy.
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Lee SA, No SK, Park H, Kim OJ, Kwon JH, Ryu JY, Lee SM, Jo KD. Predictors of disclosure management behavior at the end of 1-year follow-up in Korean adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 74:94-98. [PMID: 28732261 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epilepsy is a concealable stigmatizing condition. We investigated the factors predicting disclosure management behavior in Korean adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. METHODS This longitudinal multicenter study included Korean adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Using statistical analyses, we determined at the end of a 1-year follow-up whether Disclosure Management Scale (DMS) scores were predicted by demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, including felt stigma, stress coping style, personality traits, social support, and experienced discrimination from society. RESULTS Of a total of 121 participants, 69% reported that they often or sometimes kept their diagnosis a secret from others and rarely or never talked to others about their epilepsy. The average DMS score was 5.8 (SD=2.9, range 0-11). In univariate analyses, DMS scores were significantly associated with an emotion-focused coping style (r=0.320, p<0.001), social support (r=-0.185, p<0.05), and experienced discrimination (p<0.05). Emotion-focused coping was the only independent predictor of a higher DMS score. Felt stigma, personality traits, and seizure freedom were not related to the DMS score. CONCLUSIONS Two-thirds of Korean adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy often or sometimes keep their epilepsy a secret. Emotion-focused coping is the most important predictor of concealment of epilepsy diagnosis at the end of a 1-year follow-up, although social support and episodes of experienced discrimination are also associated with disclosure management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ahm Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon-Kee No
- Department of Neurology, Bong-Seng Memorial Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungkook Park
- Department of Neurology, SoonChunHyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan College Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Kepco Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Moo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Deog Jo
- Department of Neurology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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