1
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Slawski J, Jaśkiewicz M, Barton A, Kozioł S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. Regulation of the HIF switch in human endothelial and cancer cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151386. [PMID: 38262137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that reprogram the transcriptome for cells to survive hypoxic insults and oxidative stress. They are important during embryonic development and reprogram the cells to utilize glycolysis when the oxygen levels are extremely low. This metabolic change facilitates normal cell survival as well as cancer cell survival. The key feature in survival is the transition between acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia, and this is regulated by the transition between HIF-1 expression and HIF-2/HIF-3 expression. This transition is observed in many human cancers and endothelial cells and referred to as the HIF Switch. Here we discuss the mechanisms involved in the HIF Switch in human endothelial and cancer cells which include mRNA and protein levels of the alpha chains of the HIFs. A major continuing effort in this field is directed towards determining the differences between normal and tumor cell utilization of this important pathway, and how this could lead to potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Slawski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- International Research Agenda 3P, Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Barton
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kozioł
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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2
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Vahidi S, Agah S, Mirzajani E, Asghari Gharakhyli E, Norollahi SE, Rahbar Taramsari M, Babaei K, Samadani AA. microRNAs, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity as the main inducers in the pathobiology of cancer development. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2024; 45:55-73. [PMID: 38507551 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2023-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most serious leading causes of death in the world. Many eclectic factors are involved in cancer progression including genetic and epigenetic alongside environmental ones. In this account, the performance and fluctuations of microRNAs are significant in cancer diagnosis and treatment, particularly as diagnostic biomarkers in oncology. So, microRNAs manage and control the gene expression after transcription by mRNA degradation, or also they can inhibit their translation. Conspicuously, these molecular structures take part in controlling the cellular, physiological and pathological functions, which many of them can accomplish as tumor inhibitors or oncogenes. Relatively, Oxidative stress is defined as the inequality between the creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to detoxify the reactive mediators or repair the resulting injury. ROS and microRNAs have been recognized as main cancer promoters and possible treatment targets. Importantly, genotoxicity has been established as the primary reason for many diseases as well as several malignancies. The procedures have no obvious link with mutagenicity and influence the organization, accuracy of the information, or fragmentation of DNA. Conclusively, mutations in these patterns can lead to carcinogenesis. In this review article, we report the impressive and practical roles of microRNAs, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in the pathobiology of cancer development in conjunction with their importance as reliable cancer biomarkers and their association with circulating miRNA, exosomes and exosomal miRNAs, RNA remodeling, DNA methylation, and other molecular elements in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mirzajani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, 37554 Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Seyedeh Elham Norollahi
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Morteza Rahbar Taramsari
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, 37554 Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht, Iran
| | - Kosar Babaei
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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3
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Guo QY, Song JN, Chen YM, Yuan HN, Xue WS, Sun Y, Niu XL, Wang Y, Chen X. IL-6 regulates epithelial ovarian cancer EMT, invasion, and metastasis by modulating Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:155. [PMID: 38744773 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) play important roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumor development. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-6 promotes EMT, invasion, and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells by activating the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. MicroRNA (miRNA) is non-coding small RNAs that also play an important role in tumor development. Notably, Let-7 and miR-200 families are prominently altered in EOC. However, whether IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7 and miR-200 families through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling to induce EMT in EOC remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations using two EOC cell lines, SKOV3, and OVCAR3 cells. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 down-regulates the mRNA levels of Let-7c and miR-200c while up-regulating their target genes HMGA2 and ZEB1 through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling in EOC cells and in vivo. Additionally, to explore the regulatory role of HIF-1α on miRNAs, both exogenous HIF blockers YC-1 and endogenous high expression or inhibition of HIF-1α can be utilized. Both approaches can confirm that the downstream molecule HIF-1α inhibits the expression and function of Let-7c and miR-200c. Further mechanistic research revealed that the overexpression of Let-7c or miR-200c can reverse the malignant evolution of EOC cells induced by IL-6, including EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Consequently, our results suggest that IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway, thereby promoting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in EOC cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yun Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Technology, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jiang Nan Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yu Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hai Ning Yuan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Shu Xue
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiu Long Niu
- Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Dermatosis in Alpine Environment of Plateau, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
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4
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Kato Y, Fukazawa T, Tanimoto K, Kanawa M, Kojima M, Saeki I, Kurihara S, Touge R, Hirohashi N, Okada S, Hiyama E. Achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 2 activation promotes hepatoblastoma progression. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:847-858. [PMID: 38183173 PMCID: PMC10921009 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 2 (ASCL2) is highly expressed in hepatoblastoma (HB) tissues, but its role remains unclear. Thus, biological changes in the HB cell line HepG2 in response to induced ASCL2 expression were assessed. ASCL2 expression was induced in HepG2 cells using the Tet-On 3G system, which includes doxycycline. Cell viability, proliferation activity, mobility, and stemness were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony-formation, migration, invasion, and sphere-formation assays. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the expression of markers for proliferation (CCND1 and MYC), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT; SNAI1, TWIST1, and ZEB1), mesenchymal-epithelial transition (CDH1), and stemness (KLF4, POU5F1, and SOX9). Compared with the non-induced HepG2 cells, cells with induced ASCL2 expression showed significant increases in viability, colony number, migration area (%), and sphere number on days 7, 14, 8, and 7, respectively, and invasion area (%) after 90 h. Furthermore, induction of ASCL2 expression significantly upregulated CCND1, MYC, POU5F1, SOX9, and KLF4 expression on days 2, 2, 3, 3, and 5, respectively, and increased the ratios of SNAI1, TWIST1, and ZEB1 to CDH1 on day 5. ASCL2 promoted the formation of malignant phenotypes in HepG2 cells, which may be correlated with the upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway-, EMT-, and stemness-related genes. ASCL2 activation may therefore be involved in the progression of HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Takahiro Fukazawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and DevelopmentHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Division of Medical Research Support, Advanced Research Support CenterEhime UniversityToonJapan
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Radiation Disaster Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Masami Kanawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and DevelopmentHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Masato Kojima
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and DevelopmentHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Isamu Saeki
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Sho Kurihara
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Ryo Touge
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Nobuyuki Hirohashi
- Department of Radiation Disaster Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and MedicineHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
| | - Eiso Hiyama
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and DevelopmentHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryHiroshima University HospitalHiroshimaJapan
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5
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Singh P. MicroRNA based combinatorial therapy against TKIs resistant CML by inactivating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: a review. Med Oncol 2023; 40:300. [PMID: 37713129 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by presence of Philadelphia chromosome, which harbors BCR-ABL oncogene responsible for encoding BCR-ABL oncoprotein. This oncoprotein interferes with cellular signaling pathways, resulting in tumor progression. Among these pathways, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is significantly upregulated in CML. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are current standard therapy for CML, and they have shown remarkable efficacy. However, emergence of TKIs drug resistance has necessitated investigation of novel therapeutic approaches. Components of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway have emerged as attractive targets in this context, as this pathway is known to be activated in TKIs-resistant CML cells/patients. Inhibiting this pathway may provide a complementary approach to improving TKIs' efficacy and treatment outcomes. Given previous research indicating that miRNAs play an inhibitory role in cancer, current study used computational tools to identify miRNAs that specifically target pathway's core components. A comprehensive analysis was performed, resulting in identification of 111 miRNAs that potentially target PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. From this extensive list, 7 miRNAs was selected for further investigation based on their consistent downregulation across leukemia subtypes. Except for hsa-miR-199a-3p, remaining six miRNAs have been extensively studied in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Given high similarity between AML and CML, it is believed that six miRNAs which are not studied in context of CML may also be advantageous for curing chemoresistance in CML. Building upon this knowledge, it is reasonable to speculate that a combination therapy approach involving use of miRNAs alongside TKIs may offer improved therapy for TKIs-resistant CML compared to TKIs monotherapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, 151401, Bathinda, India.
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6
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Galbraith M, Levine H, Onuchic JN, Jia D. Decoding the coupled decision-making of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metabolic reprogramming in cancer. iScience 2022; 26:105719. [PMID: 36582834 PMCID: PMC9792913 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis relies on an orchestration of traits driven by different interacting functional modules, including metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During metastasis, cancer cells can acquire a hybrid metabolic phenotype (W/O) by increasing oxidative phosphorylation without compromising glycolysis and they can acquire a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype by engaging EMT. Both the W/O and E/M states are associated with high metastatic potentials, and many regulatory links coupling metabolism and EMT have been identified. Here, we investigate the coupled decision-making networks of metabolism and EMT. Their crosstalk can exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects on the acquisition and stability of different coupled metabolism-EMT states. Strikingly, the aggressive E/M-W/O state can be enabled and stabilized by the crosstalk irrespective of these hybrid states' availability in individual metabolism or EMT modules. Our work emphasizes the mutual activation between metabolism and EMT, providing an important step toward understanding the multifaceted nature of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Galbraith
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Department of Physics, and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA02115, USA,Corresponding author
| | - José N. Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX77005, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA,Corresponding author
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7
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Coronel-Hernández J, Delgado-Waldo I, Cantú de León D, López-Camarillo C, Jacobo-Herrera N, Ramos-Payán R, Pérez-Plasencia C. HypoxaMIRs: Key Regulators of Hallmarks of Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1895. [PMID: 35741024 PMCID: PMC9221210 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in cancer is a thoroughly studied phenomenon, and the logical cause of the reduction in oxygen tension is tumor growth itself. While sustained hypoxia leads to death by necrosis in cells, there is an exquisitely regulated mechanism that rescues hypoxic cells from their fatal fate. The accumulation in the cytoplasm of the transcription factor HIF-1α, which, under normoxic conditions, is marked for degradation by a group of oxygen-sensing proteins known as prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) in association with the von Hippel-Lindau anti-oncogene (VHL) is critical for the cell, as it regulates different mechanisms through the genes it induces. A group of microRNAs whose expression is regulated by HIF, collectively called hypoxaMIRs, have been recognized. In this review, we deal with the hypoxaMIRs that have been shown to be expressed in colorectal cancer. Subsequently, using data mining, we analyze a panel of hypoxaMIRs expressed in both normal and tumor tissues obtained from TCGA. Finally, we assess the impact of these hypoxaMIRs on cancer hallmarks through their target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossimar Coronel-Hernández
- Genomics Laboratory, The National Cancer Institute of México, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.D.-W.); (D.C.d.L.)
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Biomedicine Unit, FES-IZTACALA, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Izamary Delgado-Waldo
- Genomics Laboratory, The National Cancer Institute of México, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.D.-W.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - David Cantú de León
- Genomics Laboratory, The National Cancer Institute of México, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.D.-W.); (D.C.d.L.)
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City 03100, Mexico;
| | - Nadia Jacobo-Herrera
- Biochemistry Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Rosalío Ramos-Payán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan City 80030, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Genomics Laboratory, The National Cancer Institute of México, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.D.-W.); (D.C.d.L.)
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Biomedicine Unit, FES-IZTACALA, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
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Zeng C, Qi G, Shen Y, Li W, Zhu Q, Yang C, Deng J, Lu W, Liu Q, Jin J. DPEP1 promotes drug resistance in colon cancer cells by forming a positive feedback loop with ASCL2. Cancer Med 2022; 12:412-424. [PMID: 35670012 PMCID: PMC9844606 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance is an important factor affecting the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer. However, clinical markers for diagnosing drug resistance of tumor cells are not only a few in number, but also low in specificity, and the mechanism of action of tumor cell drug resistance remains unclear. METHODS Dipeptidase 1 (DPEP1) expression was analyzed using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and genotype-Tissue Expression pan-cancer data. Survival analysis was performed using the survival package in R software to assess the prognostic value of DPEP1 expression in colon cancer. Correlation and Venn analyses were adopted to identify key genes. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, qRT-PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation, and dual-luciferase reporter experiments were carried out to explore the underlying associations between DPEP1 and Achaete scute-like 2 (ASCL2). MTT assays were used to evaluate the role of DPEP1 and ASCL2 in colon cancer drug resistance. RESULTS DPEP1 was highly expressed in colon cancer tissues. DPEP1 expression correlated negatively with disease-specific survival but not with overall survival. Bioinformatics analysis and experiments showed that the expressions of DPEP1 and ASCL2 in colon cancer tissues were markedly positively correlated. Mechanistic research indicated that DPEP1 enhanced the stability of protein ASCL2 by inhibiting its ubiquitination-mediated degradation. In turn, ASCL2 functioned as a transcription factor to activate the transcriptional activity of the DPEP1 gene and boost its expression. Furthermore, DPEP1 also could enhance the expression of colon cancer stem cell markers (LGR5, CD133, and CD44), which strengthened the tolerance of colon cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the DPEP1 enhances the stemness of tumor cells by forming a positive feedback loop with ASCL2 to improve resistance to chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zeng
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Guoping Qi
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jianzhong Deng
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Wenbin Lu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of OncologyWujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina,Department of OncologyWujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
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9
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Shang Y, Jiang T, Ran L, Hu W, Wu Y, Ye J, Peng Z, Chen L, Wang R. TET2-BCLAF1 transcription repression complex epigenetically regulates the expression of colorectal cancer gene Ascl2 via methylation of its promoter. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102095. [PMID: 35660018 PMCID: PMC9251787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascl2 has been shown to be involved in tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC), although its epigenetic regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we found that methylation of the Ascl2 promoter (bp -1670 ∼ -1139) was significantly increased compared to the other regions of the Ascl2 locus in CRC cells and was associated with elevated Ascl2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, we found that promoter methylation was predictive of CRC patient survival after analyzing DNA methylation data, RNA-Seq data, and clinical data of 410 CRC patient samples from the MethHC database, the MEXPRESS database, and the Cbioportal website. Using the established TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) knockdown and ectopic TET2 catalytic domain–expression cell models, we performed glucosylated hydroxymethyl–sensitive quatitative PCR (qPCR), real-time PCR, and Western blot assays to further confirm that hypermethylation of the Ascl2 promoter, and elevated Ascl2 expression in CRC cells was partly due to the decreased expression of TET2. Furthermore, BCLAF1 was identified as a TET2 interactor in CRC cells by LC-MS/MS, coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence colocalization, and proximity ligation assays. Subsequently, we found the TET2–BCLAF1 complex bound to multiple elements around CCGG sites at the Ascl2 promoter and further restrained its hypermethylation by inducing its hydroxymethylation using chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR and glucosylated hydroxymethyl-qPCR assays. Finally, we demonstrate that TET2-modulated Ascl2-targeted stem gene expression in CRC cells was independent of Wnt signaling. Taken together, our data suggest an additional option for inhibiting Ascl2 expression in CRC cells through TET2–BCLAF1–mediated promoter methylation, Ascl2-dependent self-renewal of CRC progenitor cells, and TET2–BCLAF1–related CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Shang
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lijian Ran
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology of 958 Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhihong Peng
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rongquan Wang
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Chongqing 400038, China.
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10
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Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: why so many regulators? Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:182. [PMID: 35278142 PMCID: PMC8918127 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic transition between epithelial-like and mesenchymal-like cell states has been a focus for extensive investigation for decades, reflective of the importance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) through development, in the adult, and the contributing role EMT has to pathologies including metastasis and fibrosis. Not surprisingly, regulation of the complex genetic networks that underlie EMT have been attributed to multiple transcription factors and microRNAs. What is surprising, however, are the sheer number of different regulators (hundreds of transcription factors and microRNAs) for which critical roles have been described. This review seeks not to collate these studies, but to provide a perspective on the fundamental question of whether it is really feasible that so many regulators play important roles and if so, what does this tell us about EMT and more generally, the genetic machinery that controls complex biological processes.
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11
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Nilsen A, Hillestad T, Skingen VE, Aarnes E, Fjeldbo CS, Hompland T, Evensen TS, Stokke T, Kristensen GB, Grallert B, Lyng H. miR-200a/b/-429 downregulation is a candidate biomarker of tumor radioresistance and independent of hypoxia in locally advanced cervical cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1402-1419. [PMID: 35064630 PMCID: PMC8936520 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with locally advanced cervical cancer experience recurrence within the radiation field after chemoradiotherapy. Biomarkers of tumor radioresistance are required to identify patients in need of intensified treatment. Here, the biomarker potential of miR-200 family members was investigated in this disease. Also, involvement of tumor hypoxia in the radioresistance mechanism was determined, using a previously defined 6-gene hypoxia classifier. miR-200 expression was measured in pre-treatment tumor biopsies of an explorative cohort (n=90) and validation cohort 1 (n=110) by RNA sequencing. Publicly available miR-200 data of 79 patients were included for validation of prognostic significance. A score based on expression of the miR-200a/b/-429 (miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-429) cluster showed prognostic significance in all cohorts. The score was significant in multivariate analysis of central pelvic recurrence. No association with distant recurrence or hypoxia status was found. Potential miRNA target genes were identified from gene expression profiles and showed enrichment of genes in extracellular matrix organization and cell adhesion. miR-200a/b/-429 overexpression had a pronounced radiosensitizing effect in tumor xenografts, whereas the effect was minor in vitro. In conclusion, miR-200a/b/-429 downregulation is a candidate biomarker of central pelvic recurrence and seems to predict cell-adhesion-mediated tumor radioresistance independent of clinical markers and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Nilsen
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Tiril Hillestad
- Department of Core FacilitiesNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Vilde E. Skingen
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Eva‐Katrine Aarnes
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Christina S. Fjeldbo
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Tord Hompland
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Department of Core FacilitiesNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Tina Sandø Evensen
- Department of Core FacilitiesNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Trond Stokke
- Department of Core FacilitiesNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Gunnar B. Kristensen
- Department of Gynecological OncologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Institute of Cancer Genetics and InformaticsOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Beata Grallert
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
| | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation BiologyNorwegian Radium HospitalOslo University HospitalNorway
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OsloNorway
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12
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Cavallari I, Ciccarese F, Sharova E, Urso L, Raimondi V, Silic-Benussi M, D’Agostino DM, Ciminale V. The miR-200 Family of microRNAs: Fine Tuners of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Circulating Cancer Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5874. [PMID: 34884985 PMCID: PMC8656820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) includes miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-429, five evolutionarily conserved miRNAs that are encoded in two clusters of hairpin precursors located on human chromosome 1 (miR-200b, miR-200a and miR-429) and chromosome 12 (miR-200c and miR-141). The mature -3p products of the precursors are abundantly expressed in epithelial cells, where they contribute to maintaining the epithelial phenotype by repressing expression of factors that favor the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key hallmark of oncogenic transformation. Extensive studies of the expression and interactions of these miRNAs with cell signaling pathways indicate that they can exert both tumor suppressor- and pro-metastatic functions, and may serve as biomarkers of epithelial cancers. This review provides a summary of the role of miR-200 family members in EMT, factors that regulate their expression, and important targets for miR-200-mediated repression that are involved in EMT. The second part of the review discusses the potential utility of circulating miR-200 family members as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate and bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallari
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Evgeniya Sharova
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Loredana Urso
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Donna M. D’Agostino
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
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13
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Interplay between Epigenetics and Cellular Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101406. [PMID: 34680038 PMCID: PMC8533383 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism alterations have been recognized as one of the most predominant hallmarks of colorectal cancers (CRCs). It is precisely regulated by many oncogenic signaling pathways in all kinds of regulatory levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. Among these regulatory factors, epigenetics play an essential role in the modulation of cellular metabolism. On the one hand, epigenetics can regulate cellular metabolism via directly controlling the transcription of genes encoding metabolic enzymes of transporters. On the other hand, epigenetics can regulate major transcriptional factors and signaling pathways that control the transcription of genes encoding metabolic enzymes or transporters, or affecting the translation, activation, stabilization, or translocation of metabolic enzymes or transporters. Interestingly, epigenetics can also be controlled by cellular metabolism. Metabolites not only directly influence epigenetic processes, but also affect the activity of epigenetic enzymes. Actually, both cellular metabolism pathways and epigenetic processes are controlled by enzymes. They are highly intertwined and are essential for oncogenesis and tumor development of CRCs. Therefore, they are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRCs. In recent years, both epigenetic and metabolism inhibitors are studied for clinical use to treat CRCs. In this review, we depict the interplay between epigenetics and cellular metabolism in CRCs and summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms and their potential applications for clinical therapy.
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14
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The emerging role of miR-200 family in metastasis: focus on EMT, CSCs, angiogenesis, and anoikis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6935-6947. [PMID: 34510322 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is the second major threat to human society and one of the main challenges facing healthcare systems. One of the main problems of cancer care is the metastases of cancer cells that cause 90% of deaths due to cancer. Multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in cancer cell metastasis. Therefore, a better understanding of these molecular mechanisms is necessary for designing restrictive strategies against cancer cell metastasis. Accumulating data suggests that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in metastasis and invasion of human tumors through regulating multiple genes expression levels that are involved in molecular mechanisms of metastasis. The goal of this review is to present the molecular pathways by which the miR 200 family manifests its effects on EMT, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, anoikis, and the effects of tumor cell metastases. METHODS A detailed literature search was conducted to find information about the role of the miR-200 family in the processes involved in metastasis in various databases. RESULTS Numerous lines of evidence revealed an association between the mir-200 family and metastasis of human tumors by impressing processes such as cancer stem cells, EMT, angiogenesis, and anoikis. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with metastasis in which the miR-200 family is involved can be effective in treating metastatic cancers.
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15
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Wang H, Ye T, Cai Y, Chen W, Xie H, Ke C. Downregulation of Ascl2 promotes cell apoptosis by enhancing autophagy in colorectal cancer cells. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:630-638. [PMID: 34012655 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, according to recently published literature. While the incidence and the mortality of CRC has decreased due to effective cancer screening measures, there has been an increase in the number of young patients diagnosed with colon cancer due to unclear reasons. As a target molecule of the Wnt signaling pathway, Ascl2 is an important marker of CRC stem cells and plays an important role in maintaining the nature of colon cancer stem/precursor cells. However, the role of Ascl2 in autophagy in CRC cells is rarely elucidated. Methods In this study, we found that Ascl2 was increased in CRC compared with adjacent tissue. Downregulation of Ascl2 in CRC cells could suppress proliferation and invasion, and induce apoptosis, of CRC cells. Moreover, we found that autophagy-relative protein LC3 increased after Ascl2 knockdown. Furthermore, we treated CRC cells with autophagy inhibitors 3-MA (3-Methyladenine) and CQ (Chloroquine). Results The results showed that autophagy inhibitors could prevent apoptosis, which was induced by Ascl2 knockdown. Finally, we confirmed that the downregulation of Ascl2 in CRC cells could alleviate the pathological process in vivo by xenograft experiment. Conclusions Our findings indicated that si-Ascl2 (small/short interfering) exerted a tumor suppression function in CRC by inducing autophagic cell death, and suggest that Ascl2 targeted therapy represents a novel strategy for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuankun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongwei Ke
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Hussen BM, Shoorei H, Mohaqiq M, Dinger ME, Hidayat HJ, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. The Impact of Non-coding RNAs in the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:665199. [PMID: 33842553 PMCID: PMC8033041 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.665199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a course of action that enables a polarized epithelial cell to undertake numerous biochemical alterations that allow it to adopt features of mesenchymal cells such as high migratory ability, invasive properties, resistance to apoptosis, and importantly higher-order formation of extracellular matrix elements. EMT has important roles in implantation and gastrulation of the embryo, inflammatory reactions and fibrosis, and transformation of cancer cells, their invasiveness and metastatic ability. Regarding the importance of EMT in the invasive progression of cancer, this process has been well studies in in this context. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to exert critical function in the regulation of cellular processes that are involved in the EMT. These processes include regulation of some transcription factors namely SNAI1 and SNAI2, ZEB1 and ZEB2, Twist, and E12/E47, modulation of chromatin configuration, alternative splicing, and protein stability and subcellular location of proteins. In the present paper, we describe the influence of ncRNAs including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the EMT process and their application as biomarkers for this process and cancer progression and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohaqiq
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Marcel E. Dinger
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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He L, Wang J, Chang D, Lv D, Li H, Feng H. Effect of miRNA-200b on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by targeting RhoA. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:1019-1027. [PMID: 33336057 PMCID: PMC7718623 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This article aims to investigate the effect of miRNA-200b on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by targeting RhoA. Methods HeLa cells of cervical cancer were divided into five groups: blank control group, negative control group (miRNA-200b mimic NC), miRNA-200b mimic group, RhoA-negative control group, and RhoA overexpression group. Cells were collected 48 h after transfection. The expression levels of miRNA-200b were detected by RT-PCR. Target relationship between miRNA-200b and RhoA was verified by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. RhoA mRNA and protein expression were detected by western blot and RT-PCR methods. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis of cells in each group, and the CCK8 method was used to detect the proliferation of cells in each group. The mRNA and protein expression of Bax and cyclin D1 were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Results The results of the dual luciferase reporter assay showed that RhoA was the target gene of microRNA 200b. Compared with the blank control group and the miRNA-200b mimic-NC group, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased significantly in the miRNA-200b mimic group, and the proliferation of cells was inhibited (P < 0.05). After overexpression of RhoA, the percentage of apoptotic cells decreased and the ability of cell proliferation increased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion miRNA-200b can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by targeting the RhoA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie He
- Departments of T Lymphocyte Subpopulation, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Departments of T Lymphocyte Subpopulation, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Chang
- Departments of Immunologic Fuction, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Lv
- Departments of Immunologic Fuction, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Haina Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, 41 Zhejiang Road, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
| | - Heqiang Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, 41 Zhejiang Road, Tianjin, 300450, People's Republic of China
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18
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Baptista LC, Costa ML, Surita FG, Rocha CDS, Lopes-Cendes I, Souza BBD, Costa FF, Melo MBD. Placental transcriptome profile of women with sickle cell disease reveals differentially expressed genes involved in migration, trophoblast differentiation and inflammation. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 84:102458. [PMID: 32562953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of disorders whose common characteristic is the presence of hemoglobin (Hb) S in erythrocytes. The main consequence of this abnormality is vaso-occlusion, which can affect almost all organs including the placenta. This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression profile in placentas of women with SCD by means of total RNA sequencing. For this, we proposed a case-control study, with three groups of pregnant women: HbSS (n = 10), HbSC (n = 14) and HbAA (n = 21). The results showed differences in expression in a number of genes such as NOS2 (fold change, FC = 4.52), HLAG (FC = 5.56), ASCL2 (FC = 3.61), CXCL10 (FC = -3.66) and IL1R2 (FC = 3.92) for the HbSC group and S100A8 (FC = -3.82), CPXM2 (FC = 4.57), CXCL10 (FC = -4.59), CXCL11 (FC = -3.72) and CAMP (FC = -4.55) for the HbSS group. Differentially expressed genes are mainly associated with migration, trophoblast differentiation and inflammation. The causes leading to altered gene expression in placentas of sickle cell patients are not fully understood, but the presence of intravascular hemolysis and vaso-occlusion, with cycles of ischemia and reperfusion, may contribute to the emergence of an environment which can be very harmful for placental physiology, altering the nutrient supply and metabolic exchange for fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Carvalho Baptista
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-875, Brazil.
| | - Maria Laura Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-880, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Garanhani Surita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-880, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane de Souza Rocha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Batista de Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-875, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Ferreira Costa
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-878, Brazil.
| | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-875, Brazil.
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Crosstalk of MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2415324. [PMID: 32411322 PMCID: PMC7204110 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2415324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and body's capability to detoxify the reactive mediators or to fix the relating damage. MicroRNAs are considered to be important mediators that play essential roles in the regulation of diverse aspects of carcinogenesis. Growing studies have demonstrated that the ROS can regulate microRNA biogenesis and expression mainly through modulating biogenesis course, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes. On the other hand, microRNAs may in turn modulate the redox signaling pathways, altering their integrity, stability, and functionality, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Both ROS and microRNAs have been identified to be important regulators and potential therapeutic targets in cancers. However, the information about the interplay between oxidative stress and microRNA regulation is still limited. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current understanding of molecular crosstalk between microRNAs and the generation of ROS in the pathogenesis of cancer.
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20
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Kozak J, Jonak K, Maciejewski R. The function of miR-200 family in oxidative stress response evoked in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110037. [PMID: 32187964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the discovery of microRNAs (miRs), these molecules have attracted highly progressive attention due to their powerful regulatory roles in a broad spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. With regard to carcinogenesis, the miRs regulatory potency has been associated with cancer onset, progression, metastasis, diagnosis and therapeutic response. In this review we discuss the impact of miR-200 family on drug resistance development during anti-cancer therapy. Developing resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs as well as radiotherapy are major clinical obstacles in the successful therapeutic strategies to cancer treatment. Acquired cancer chemoresistance is a multifactorial phenomenon involving such factors as tumor type, tumor stage, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level or ROS-responsive miRs profile. ROS level could influence the miRs expression level, which changes the cellular profile of the content of miRs. Such significant changes in the cellular miRs profile generate subsequent biological effects through the regulation of their target genes. This review outlines the interactions between ROS and miR-200 family in different kinds of cancers in response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kozak
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jonak
- Interfaculty Centre for Didactics, Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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21
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The Roles of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Non-Coding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121008. [PMID: 31817259 PMCID: PMC6947354 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that play central roles in cellular responses against hypoxia. In most cancers, HIFs are closely associated with tumorigenesis by regulating cell survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and adaptation to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in the hypoxic response in various cancers. Here, we review the roles of hypoxia-response ncRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer, with a particular focus on microRNAs and long ncRNAs, and discuss the functional relationships and regulatory mechanisms between HIFs and ncRNAs.
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22
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Byun Y, Choi YC, Jeong Y, Lee G, Yoon S, Jeong Y, Yoon J, Baek K. MiR-200c downregulates HIF-1α and inhibits migration of lung cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:28. [PMID: 31061665 PMCID: PMC6487019 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor with a pivotal role in physiological and pathological responses to hypoxia. While HIF-1α is known to be involved in hypoxia-induced upregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression, HIF-1α is also targeted by miRNAs. In this study, miRNAs targeting HIF-1α were identified and their effects on its expression and downstream target genes under hypoxic conditions were investigated. Cell migration under the same conditions was also assessed. Methods microRNAs that target HIF-1α were screened using 3′-untranslated region luciferase (3′-UTR-luciferase) reporter assays. The expression levels of HIF-1α and its downstream target genes after transfection with miRNA were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analyses. The effect of the miRNAs on the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α was determined using hypoxia-responsive element luciferase (HRE-luciferase) assays. Cell migration under hypoxia was examined using the wound-healing assay. Results Several of the 19 screened miRNAs considerably decreased the luciferase activity. Transfection with miR-200c had substantial impact on the expression level and transcription activity of HIF-1α. The mRNA level of HIF-1α downstream genes decreased in response to miR-200c overexpression. MiR-200c inhibited cell migration in normoxia and, to a greater extent, in hypoxia. These effects were partly reversed by HIF-1α expression under hypoxic conditions. Conclusion miR-200c negatively affects hypoxia-induced responses by downregulating HIF-1α, a key regulator of hypoxia. Therefore, overexpression of miR-200c might have therapeutic potential as an anticancer agent that inhibits tumor hypoxia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11658-019-0152-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuree Byun
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Choi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhui Jeong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangtae Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sena Yoon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsu Jeong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseung Yoon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghee Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Li W, Jia MX, Deng J, Wang JH, Lin QL, Tang JX, Zeng XX, Cai F, Ma L, Su W, Liu XY, Liu C, Wang SS, Zhou LY. Down-regulation of microRNA-200b is a potential prognostic marker of lung cancer in southern-central Chinese population. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:173-177. [PMID: 30622423 PMCID: PMC6319082 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may regulate diverse biological processes and play an important role in cancer. And MiRNAs have been proposed as a useful tool for lung cancer diagnosis and therapeutics in cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association among the expression level of mature miR-200b-5p in peripheral blood and the risk of lung cancer and clinic pathological characteristics. This case-control study included 24 patients with lung cancer and 12 healthy controls. MiR-200b expression was deleted using real-time PCR. and the miR-200b expression of normal controls was significantly higher than that in lung cancer patients (1732.13 pg/mL vs 881.67 pg/mL, P < 0.05), no difference with age, sex, tissue type and clinical stage of lung cancer patients (P > 0.05). Furthermore, miR-200b expression level fluctuated with tumor progression in lung cancer, and there was highly significant for clinical stage II compared with the clinical stage III (P < 0.05). In addition, the down-regulation of miR-200b showed a highly discriminative receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve profile, clearly distinguishing cancer patients from cancer-free subjects with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.87. The detection of miR-200b expression yielded 83.30% sensitivity and 100.00% specificity in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Therefore, these findings suggested that miR-200b may be used as a marker for the detection and diagnosis of lung cancer in peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct s Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ming Xi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct s Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology, College of Packaging and Material Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Jian Hui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Qin Lu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct s Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jian Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Xiao Xi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Fang Cai
- School of Foreign Language, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Wei Su
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Xue Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Cun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Sha Sha Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Li Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanomaterials and Devices, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct s Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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24
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Araos J, Sleeman JP, Garvalov BK. The role of hypoxic signalling in metastasis: towards translating knowledge of basic biology into novel anti-tumour strategies. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:563-599. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9930-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Ye J, Liu S, Shang Y, Chen H, Wang R. R-spondin1/Wnt-enhanced Ascl2 autoregulation controls the self-renewal of colorectal cancer progenitor cells. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1014-1025. [PMID: 29886802 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1469874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway controls stem cell identity in the intestinal epithelium and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The transcription factor Ascl2 (Wnt target gene) is fate decider of intestinal cryptic stem cells and colon cancer stem cells. It is unclear how Wnt signaling is translated into Ascl2 expression and keeping the self-renewal of CRC progenitor cells. We showed that the exogenous Ascl2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells activated the endogenous Ascl2 expression via a direct autoactivatory loop, including Ascl2 binding to its own promoter and further transcriptional activation. Higher Ascl2 expression in human CRC cancerous tissues led to greater enrichment in Ascl2 immunoprecipitated DNA within the Ascl2 promoter in the CRC cancerous sample than the peri-cancerous mucosa. Ascl2 binding to its own promoter and inducing further transcriptional activation of the Ascl2 gene was predominant in the CD133+CD44+ CRC population. R-spondin1/Wnt activated Ascl2 expression dose-dependently in the CD133+CD44+ CRC population, but not in the CD133-CD44- CRC population, which was caused by differences in Ascl2 autoregulation under R-spondin1/Wnt activation. R-spondin1/Wnt treatment in the CD133+CD44+ or CRC CD133-CD44- populations exerted a different pattern of stemness maintenance, which was defined by alterations of the mRNA levels of stemness-associated genes, the protein expression levels (Bmi1, C-myc, Oct-4 and Nanog) and tumorsphere formation. The results indicated that Ascl2 autoregulation formed a transcriptional switch that was enhanced by Wnt signaling in the CD133+CD44+ CRC population, thus conferring their self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- a Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Shanxi Liu
- a Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Yangyang Shang
- a Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Haoyuan Chen
- a Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
| | - Rongquan Wang
- a Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China
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26
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Wei X, Ye J, Shang Y, Chen H, Liu S, Liu L, Wang R. Ascl2 activation by YAP1/KLF5 ensures the self-renewability of colon cancer progenitor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109301-109318. [PMID: 29312609 PMCID: PMC5752522 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Achaete scute-like 2 (Ascl2) is the Wnt signaling target, its regulation by other signaling is undefined. Now we demonstrated that CD133+/CD44+ cell population from HT-29 or Caco-2 cells exhibited cancer stem cell (CSC) properties with highly expressed Ascl2, which is related to the Hippo signaling pathway. YAP1 interference in CD133+/CD44+ HT-29 or Caco-2 cells reduced their proliferation, colony-forming ability and tumorsphere formation in vitro and inhibited the ‘stemness’-associated genes and Ascl2 expression. Enforcing YAP1 expression in HT-29 or Caco-2 cells triggered the opposite changes. Ascl2 interference reversed the phenotype of YAP1-enforced expressed HT-29 or Caco-2 cells. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) protein, not KLF5 mRNA levels, were increased due to YAP1 overexpression which is reported to prevent KLF5 degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays demonstrated that YAP1 bound with KLF5 in HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that both YAP1 and KLF5 bound to the first two loci with GC-boxes in Ascl2 promoter and induced Ascl2 transcription. The decreased Ascl2 transcription by YAP1 interference required an intact KLF5 binding site (GC-box) within Ascl2 promoter, KLF5 knockdown reduced YAP1 binding and Ascl2 luciferase reporter activity upon YAP1 overexpression. Positive correlation among YAP1 and Ascl2 mRNA levels was observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. Thus, our study demonstrated that Ascl2, a fate decider of CRC progenitor cells can be activated by the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC progenitor cells, and ensured their self-renewability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wei
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Ye
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Shang
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoyuan Chen
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanxi Liu
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongquan Wang
- Institute of Gastroenterology of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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