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Uskoković V. Lessons from the history of inorganic nanoparticles for inhalable diagnostics and therapeutics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102903. [PMID: 37084546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory tract is one of the most accessible ones to exogenous nanoparticles, yet drug delivery by their means to it is made extraordinarily challenging because of the plexus of aerodynamic, hemodynamic and biomolecular factors at cellular and extracellular levels that synergistically define the safety and efficacy of this process. Here, the use of inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) for inhalable diagnostics and therapies of the lung is viewed through the prism of the history of studies on the interaction of INPs with the lower respiratory tract. The most conceptually and methodologically innovative and illuminative studies are referred to in the chronological order, as they were reported in the literature, and the trends in the progress of understanding this interaction of immense therapeutic and toxicological significance are being deduced from it. The most outstanding actual trends delineated include the diminishment of toxicity via surface functionalization, cell targeting, tagging and tracking via controlled binding and uptake, hybrid INP treatments, magnetic guidance, combined drug and gene delivery, use as adjuvants in inhalable vaccines, and other. Many of the understudied research directions, which have been accomplished by the nanostructured organic polymers in the pulmonary niche, are discussed. The progress in the use of INPs as inhalable diagnostics or therapeutics has been hampered by their well-recognized inflammatory potential and toxicity in the respiratory tract. However, the annual numbers of methodologically innovative studies have been on the rise throughout the past two decades, suggesting that this is a prolific direction of research, its comparatively poor commercial takings notwithstanding. Still, the lack of consensus on the effects of many INP compositions at low but therapeutically effective doses, the plethora of contradictory reports on ostensibly identical chemical compositions and NP properties, and the many cases of antagonism in combinatorial NP treatments imply that the rational design of inhalable medical devices based on INPs must rely on qualitative principles for the most part and embrace a partially stochastic approach as well. At the same time, the fact that the most studied INPs for pulmonary applications have been those with some of the thickest records of pulmonary toxicity, e.g., carbon, silver, gold, silica and iron oxide, is a silent call for the expansion of the search for new inorganic compositions for use in inhalable therapies to new territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, TardigradeNano LLC, 7 Park Vista, Irvine, CA 92604, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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2
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Chen YC, Lin IC, Su MC, Hsu PY, Hsiao CC, Hsu TY, Liou CW, Chen YM, Chin CH, Wang TY, Chang JC, Lin YY, Lee CP, Lin MC. Autophagy impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea modulates intermittent hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis via hypermethylation of the ATG5 gene promoter region. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:82. [PMID: 36805797 PMCID: PMC9936724 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy is a catabolic process that recycles damaged organelles and acts as a pro-survival mechanism, but little is known about autophagy dysfunction and epigenetic regulation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS Protein/gene expressions and DNA methylation levels of the autophagy-related genes (ATG) were examined in blood leukocytes from 64 patients with treatment-naïve OSA and 24 subjects with primary snoring (PS). RESULTS LC3B protein expression of blood monocytes, and ATG5 protein expression of blood neutrophils were decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects, while p62 protein expression of cytotoxic T cell was increased, particularly in those with nocturia. ATG5, ULK1, and BECN1 gene expressions of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were decreased in OSA patients versus PS subjects. LC3B gene promoter regions were hypermethylated in OSA patients, particularly in those with excessive daytime sleepiness, while ATG5 gene promoter regions were hypermethylated in those with morning headache or memory impairment. LC3B protein expression of blood monocytes and DNA methylation levels of the LC3B gene promoter region were negatively and positively correlated with apnea hyponea index, respectively. In vitro intermittent hypoxia with re-oxygenation exposure to human THP-1/HUVEC cell lines resulted in LC3B/ATG5/ULK1/BECN1 down-regulations and p62 up-regulation along with increased apoptosis and oxidative stress, while rapamycin and umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cell treatment reversed these abnormalities through de-methylation of the ATG5 gene promoter. CONCLUSIONS Impaired autophagy activity in OSA patients was regulated by aberrant DNA methylation, correlated with clinical phenotypes, and contributed to increased cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Autophagy enhancers may be novel therapeutics for OSA-related neurocognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taouyan, 33302, Taiwan. .,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
| | - I-Chun Lin
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Mao-Chang Su
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan ,grid.418428.3Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, 61363 Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Hsu
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taouyan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Obstetrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mu Chen
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chin
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Wang
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Chang
- grid.413804.aGenomics and Proteomics Core Lab, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Yong-Yong Lin
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Lee
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301 Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taouyan, 33302, Taiwan. .,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Ta-Pei Rd, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.
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Zhang E, Geng X, Shan S, Li P, Li S, Li W, Yu M, Peng C, Wang S, Shao H, Du Z. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition potentially via attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling to alleviate silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:655-666. [PMID: 34225584 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1950250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica dust is an irreversible, chronic, and fibroproliferative lung disease with no effective treatment at present. BMSCs-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exo) possess similar functions to their parent cells. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism for BMSCs-Exo in the treatment of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The rat model of experimental silicosis pulmonary fibrosis was induced with 1.0 mL of one-off infusing silica suspension using the non-exposed intratracheal instillation (50 mg/mL/rat). In vivo transplantation of BMSCs-Exo effectively alleviated silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, including a reduction in collagen accumulation, inhibition of TGF-β1, and decreased HYP content. Treatment of BMSCs-Exo increased the expression of epithelial marker proteins including E-cadherin (E-cad) and cytokeratin19 (CK19) and reduced the expression of fibrosis marker proteins including α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) after exposure to silica suspension. Furthermore, we found that BMSCs-Exo inhibited the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components (P-GSK3β, β-catenin, Cyclin D1) in pulmonary fibrosis tissue. BMSCs-Exo is involved in the alleviation of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the level of profibrotic factor TGF-β1 and inhibiting the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway closely related to EMT may be one of the mechanisms involved in anti-fibrotic effects of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enguo Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Geng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Shan
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumin Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Yu
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjun Du
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Huang H, Du X, He Z, Yan Z, Han W. Nanoparticles for Stem Cell Tracking and the Potential Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662406. [PMID: 34277609 PMCID: PMC8283769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies have been shown potential in regenerative medicine. In these cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability of self-renewal and being differentiated into different types of cells, such as cardiovascular cells. Moreover, MSCs have low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties, and can protect the myocardium, which are ideal qualities for cardiovascular repair. Transplanting mesenchymal stem cells has demonstrated improved outcomes for treating cardiovascular diseases in preclinical trials. However, there still are some challenges, such as their low rate of migration to the ischemic myocardium, low tissue retention, and low survival rate after the transplantation. To solve these problems, an ideal method should be developed to precisely and quantitatively monitor the viability of the transplanted cells in vivo for providing the guidance of clinical translation. Cell imaging is an ideal method, but requires a suitable contrast agent to label and track the cells. This article reviews the uses of nanoparticles as contrast agents for tracking MSCs and the challenges of clinical use of MSCs in the potential treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Huang
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuejun Du
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiguo He
- Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zifeng Yan
- Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Han
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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5
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An L, Tao Q, Wu Y, Wang N, Liu Y, Wang F, Zhang L, Shi A, Zhou X, Yu S, Zhang J. Synthesis of SPIO Nanoparticles and the Subsequent Applications in Stem Cell Labeling for Parkinson's Disease. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:107. [PMID: 34128153 PMCID: PMC8203769 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, and the stem cell transplantation method provides a promising strategy for the treatment. In these studies, tracking the biological behaviors of the transplanted cells in vivo is essential for a basic understanding of stem cell function and evaluation of clinical effectiveness. In the present study, we developed a novel ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coating with the polyacrylic acid (PAA) and methoxypolyethylene glycol amine (PEG) by thermal decomposition method and a two-step modification. The USPIO-PAA/PEG NPs have a uniform diameter of 10.07 ± 0.55 nm and proper absorption peak of the corresponding ligands, as showed by TEM and FTIR. MTT showed that the survival of cells incubated with USPIO-PAA/PEG NPs remained above 96%. The synthesized USPIO-PAA/PEG had a good relaxation rate of 84.65 s-1 Mm-1, indicating that they could be efficiently uptake and traced by MRI. Furthermore, the primary human adipose-derived stem cells (HADSCs) were characterized, labeled with USPIO-PAA/PEG and transplanted into the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rat models. The labeled cells could be traced by MRI for up to 3 weeks after the transplantation surgery; moreover, transplantation with the labeled HADSCs significantly attenuated apomorphine-induced rotations in PD models and increased the number of the dopaminergic neurons in the substania nigra. Overall, the development of USPIO-PAA/PEG NPs provides a promising tool for in vivo tracing technique of cell therapy and identifies a novel strategy to track stem cells with therapeutic potential in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lixing Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Aihua Shi
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiumin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 88 Keling Road, Suzhou New District, Suzhou, 215163, China.
- Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology Affiliated with SIBET, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Tianjin Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Company Limited, Tianjin, 300399, China.
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6
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Jiang R, Han L, Gao Q, Chao J. ZC3H4 mediates silica-induced EndoMT via ER stress and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:103605. [PMID: 33545378 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory reactions induced by alveolar macrophages and excessive fibroblast activation lead to pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis. The endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a key source of myofibroblasts. ZC3H4 is a member of the CCCH zinc finger protein family that participates in macrophage activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, whether ZC3H4 is involved in EndoMT in silicosis has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we conducted further studies into the role of ZC3H4 in silica-induced EndoMT in pulmonary vessels. METHODS Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the regulatory influences of SiO2 on pulmonary fibrosis and EndoMT. ZC3H4 was specifically downregulated using CRISPR/Cas9 to explore whether ZC3H4 regulated EndoMT during silicosis. C57BL/6 J mice were administered with SiO2 via the trachea to establish a silicosis animal model. RESULTS 1) SiO2 exposure increased ZC3H4 expression in pulmonary vessels. 2) ZC3H4 was involved in EndoMT induced by silica. 3) ZC3H4 mediated EndoMT via endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS ZC3H4 greatly affects the progression of SiO2-induced EndoMT via ER stress and autophagy, which provides the possibility that ZC3H4 may become a novel target in pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China.
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7
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Guo H, Su Y, Deng F. Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Lung Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:440-458. [PMID: 33211245 PMCID: PMC7675022 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a kind of pluripotent adult stem cell have shown great therapeutic potential in relation to many diseases in anti-inflammation and regeneration. The results of preclinical experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated that MSC-derived secretome possesses immunoregulatory and reparative abilities and that this secretome is capable of modulating innate and adaptive immunity and reprograming the metabolism of recipient cells via paracrine mechanisms. It has been recognized that MSC-derived secretome, including soluble proteins (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteases), extracellular vesicles (EVs) and organelles, plays a key role in tissue repair and regeneration in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension, and silicosis. This review summarizes the known functions of MSC-EV modulation in lung diseases, coupled with the future challenges of MSC-EVs as a new pharmaceutical agent. The identification of underlying mechanisms for MSC-EV might provide a new direction for MSC-centered treatment in lung diseases.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, 230022 Hefei, Anhui Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Su
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230022 People’s Republic of China
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8
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Huang J, Huang J, Ning X, Luo W, Chen M, Wang Z, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Chao J. CT/NIRF dual-modal imaging tracking and therapeutic efficacy of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells labeled with Au nanoparticles in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:1713-1727. [PMID: 32022096 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02652e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising therapeutic effects in cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine. Efficient tracking of MSCs is an urgent clinical need that will help us to understand their behavior after transplantation and allow adjustment of therapeutic strategies. However, no clinically approved tracers are currently available, which limits the clinical translation of stem cell therapy. In this study, a nanoparticle (NP) for computed tomography (CT)/fluorescence dual-modal imaging, Au@Albumin@ICG@PLL (AA@ICG@PLL), was developed to track bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) that were administered intratracheally into mice with silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which facilitated understanding of the therapeutic effect and the possible molecular mechanism of stem cell therapy. The AuNPs were first formed in bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution and modified with indocyanine green (ICG), and subsequently coated with a poly-l-lysine (PLL) layer to enhance intracellular uptake and biocompatibility. BMSCs were labeled with AA@ICG@PLL NPs with high efficiency without an effect on biological function or therapeutic capacity. The injected AA@ICG@PLL-labeled BMSCs could be tracked via CT and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging for up to 21 days after transplantation. Using these NPs, the molecular anti-inflammatory mechanism of transplanted BMSCs was revealed, which included the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, suppression of macrophage activation, and delay of the fibrosis process. This study suggests a promising role for imaging-guided MSC-based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Jie Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Xinyu Ning
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. and Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Mengling Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. and Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Zhangyan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. and Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. and Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. and Department of Respiration, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China and School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shanxi 712082, China
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Elk-1 transcriptionally regulates ZC3H4 expression to promote silica-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Transl Med 2020; 100:959-973. [PMID: 32218530 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is a key priming activity of fibroblasts in pulmonary fibrosis during silicosis. Ets-like protein-1 (Elk-1) is a critical modulator that promotes functional changes in cells, and the effects are mediated by oxidative stress (OS). However, whether ELK-1 is involved in EMT of silicosis remains unclear. In addition, researchers have found that Elk-1 is involved in the expression of the gene zc3h12a, which encodes the protein MCPIP1, and MCPIP1 is a member of the zinc finger Cys-Cys-Cys-His (CCCH)-type protein family. A previous study from our lab showed that ZC3H4, which is also a member of the CCCH-type protein family, critically affected the regulation of EMT during silicosis. However, it has not yet been elucidated if ELK-1 acts at the promoter for zc3h4 to increase its expression in a mechanism that is similar to that of the zc3h12a gene and whether such regulation ultimately controls EMT. Therefore, we explored the correlation between ELK-1 and ZC3H4 expression and tested the underlying mechanisms affecting ELK-1 activation induced by silica. Our study identifies that SiO2-mediated EMT via ELK-1, with the upstream activity of OS and the downstream signaling of ZC3H4 expression resulting in enhanced EMT. These findings suggest that the nuclear transcription factor ELK-1 may be useful as a novel target for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Rockel JS, Rabani R, Viswanathan S. Anti-fibrotic mechanisms of exogenously-expanded mesenchymal stromal cells for fibrotic diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 101:87-103. [PMID: 31757583 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Most chronic diseases involving inflammation have a fibrotic component that involves remodeling and excess accumulation of extracellular matrix components. Left unchecked, fibrosis leads to organ failure and death. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are emerging as a potent cell-based therapy for a wide spectrum of fibrotic conditions due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. This review provides an overview of known mechanisms by which MSCs mediate their anti-fibrotic actions and in relation to animal models of pulmonary, liver, renal and cardiac fibrosis. Recent MSC clinical trials results in liver, lung, skin, kidney and hearts are discussed and next steps for future MSC-based therapies including pre-activated or genetically-modified cells, or extracellular vesicles are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Rockel
- Arthritis Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Razieh Rabani
- Arthritis Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Arthritis Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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