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Razmi M, Tajik F, Hashemi F, Yazdanpanah A, Hashemi-Niasari F, Divsalar A. The Prognostic Importance of Ki-67 in Gastrointestinal Carcinomas: A Meta-analysis and Multi-omics Approach. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:599-624. [PMID: 38411875 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine if Ki-67, a commonly used marker to measure tumor proliferation, is a reliable prognostic factor in various types of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers based on current high-quality multivariable evidence. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases to investigate the association between Ki-67 positivity and overall survival (OS) and disease/recurrence-free survival (DFS/RFS) in GI cancers. Heterogeneity was assessed using Chi-square-based Q and I2 analyses and publication bias using funnel plots and Egger's analysis. In addition, Ki-67 levels in different GI cancers were examined by different platforms. The prognostic capability of Ki-67, gene ontology (GO), and pathway enrichment analysis were obtained from GEPIA2 and STRING. RESULTS Totally, 61 studies, involving 13,034 patients, were deemed eligible for our evaluation. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) demonstrated the prediction ability of overexpressed Ki-67 for a worse OS (HR: 1.67, P < 0.001; HR: 1.37, P = 0.021) and DFS/RFS (HR: 2.06, P < 0.001) in hepatocellular and pancreatic malignancies, respectively, as confirmed by multi-omics databases. However, similar correlation was not found in esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Furthermore, most of the associations were identified to be robust based on different subcategories and publication bias assessment. Finally, enriched Ki-67-related genes were found to be involved in various important signaling pathways, such as cell cycle, P53 signaling network, and DNA damage responses. CONCLUSION This study supports that Ki-67 can serve as an independent prognostic biomarker for pancreatic and hepatocellular malignancies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Razmi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Tajik
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Farideh Hashemi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayna Yazdanpanah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hashemi-Niasari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adeleh Divsalar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Hermawan A, Putri H, Fatimah N, Prasetio HH. Transcriptomics analysis reveals distinct mechanism of breast cancer stem cells regulation in mammospheres from MCF-7 and T47D cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24356. [PMID: 38304813 PMCID: PMC10831612 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Luminal A breast cancer, constituting 70 % of breast cancer cases, presents a challenge due to the development of resistance and recurrence caused by breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). Luminal breast tumors are characterized by TP53 expression, a tumor suppressor gene involved in maintaining stem cell attributes in cancer. Although a previous study successfully developed mammospheres (MS) from MCF-7 (with wild-type TP53) and T47D (with mutant TP53) luminal breast cancer cells for BCSC enrichment, their transcriptomic profiles remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate the transcriptomic disparities between MS of MCF-7 and T47D cells using bioinformatics analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including the KEGG pathway, Gene Ontology (GO), drug-gene association, disease-gene association, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), DNA methylation analysis, correlation analysis of DEGs with immune cell infiltration, and association analysis of genes and small-molecule compounds via the Connectivity Map (CMap). Upregulated DEGs were enriched in metabolism-related KEGG pathways, whereas downregulated DEGs were enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. Drug-gene association analysis revealed that both upregulated and downregulated DEGs were associated with fostamatinib. The KEGG pathway GSEA results indicated that the DEGs were enriched for oxidative phosphorylation, whereas the downregulated DEGs were negatively enriched for the p53 signaling pathway. Examination of DNA methylation revealed a noticeable disparity in the expression patterns of the PKM2, ERO1L, SLC6A6, EPAS1, APLP2, RPL10L, and NEDD4 genes when comparing cohorts with low- and high-risk breast cancer. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was identified between SLC6A6 expression and macrophage presence, as well as MSN, and AKR1B1 expression and neutrophil and dentritic cell infiltration. CMap analysis unveiled SA-83851 as a potential candidate to counteract the effects of DEGs, specifically in cells harbouring mutant TP53. Further research, including in vitro and in vivo validations, is warranted to develop drugs targeting BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Hermawan
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences. APSLC Building, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herwandhani Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Fatimah
- Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences. APSLC Building, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Himawan Prasetio
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Sekip Utara II, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Lin HJ, Liu Y, Caroland K, Lin J. Polarization of Cancer-Associated Macrophages Maneuver Neoplastic Attributes of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3507. [PMID: 37444617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence links the phenomenon of enhanced recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages towards cancer bulks to neoplastic growth, invasion, metastasis, immune escape, matrix remodeling, and therapeutic resistance. In the context of cancer progression, naïve macrophages are polarized into M1 or M2 subtypes according to their differentiation status, gene signatures, and functional roles. While the former render proinflammatory and anticancer effects, the latter subpopulation elicits an opposite impact on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. M2 macrophages have gained increasing attention as they are largely responsible for molding an immune-suppressive landscape. Through positive feedback circuits involving a paracrine manner, M2 macrophages can be amplified by and synergized with neighboring neoplastic cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and non-cell autonomous constituents in the microenvironmental niche to promote an advanced disease state. This review delineates the molecular cues expanding M2 populations that subsequently convey notorious clinical outcomes. Future therapeutic regimens shall comprise protocols attempting to abolish environmental niches favoring M2 polarization; weaken cancer growth typically assisted by M2; promote the recruitment of tumoricidal CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells; and boost susceptibility towards gemcitabine as well as other chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Jen Lin
- Department of Medical & Molecular Sciences, University of Delaware, Willard Hall Education Building, 16 West Main Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yingguang Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Liberty University, 306 Liberty View Lane, Lynchburg, VA 24502, USA
| | - Kailey Caroland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Kobori T, Ito Y, Sawada Y, Urashima Y, Ito T, Obata T. Cellular Membrane Localization of Innate Immune Checkpoint Molecule CD47 Is Regulated by Radixin in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041117. [PMID: 37189735 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors have exhibited potent antitumor efficacy against multiple solid malignancies but limited efficacy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Cluster of differentiation (CD) 47, a member of the immunoglobulin G superfamily, is overexpressed in the surface membrane of PDAC and independently correlates with a worse clinical prognosis. Furthermore, CD47 functions as a dominant macrophage checkpoint, providing a potent "do not eat me" signal to enable cancer cells to evade the innate immune system. Thus, the blockade of CD47 is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for PDAC. In this study, we determined whether ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) family members, which post-translationally modulate the cellular membrane localization of numerous transmembrane proteins by crosslinking with the actin cytoskeleton, contribute to the cellular membrane localization of CD47 in KP-2 cells derived from human PDAC. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that CD47 and ezrin/radixin were highly co-localized in the plasma membrane. Interestingly, gene silencing of radixin but not ezrin dramatically decreased the cell surface expression of CD47 but had little effects on its mRNA level. Furthermore, CD47 and radixin interacted with each other, as determined by a co-immunoprecipitation assay. In conclusion, radixin regulates the cellular membrane localization of CD47 as a scaffold protein in KP-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Kobori
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Yui Ito
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Yuka Sawada
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Yoko Urashima
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Takuya Ito
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
| | - Tokio Obata
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka 584-8540, Japan
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Lipreri da Silva JC, Carvalho MFL, de Miranda LBL, de Almeida BO, Lima K, Machado-Neto JA. NSC305787, a pharmacological ezrin inhibitor, exhibits antineoplastic activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:728-737. [PMID: 35477813 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human neoplasms, and despite advances in the understanding of the molecular complexity involved in the development and progression of this disease, little of this new information has been translated into improvements in therapy and prognosis. Ezrin (EZR) is a protein that regulates multiple cellular functions, including cell proliferation, survival, morphogenesis, adhesion, and motility. In pancreatic cancer, EZR is highly expressed and reflects an unfavorable prognosis, whereas EZR silencing ameliorates the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. NSC305787 was identified as a pharmacological EZR inhibitor with favorable pharmacokinetics and antineoplastic activity. Here, we endeavored to investigate the impact of EZR expression on survival outcomes and its associations with molecular and biological characteristics in The Cancer Genome Atlas pancreatic adenocarcinoma cohort. We also assessed the potential antineoplastic effects of NSC305787 in pancreatic cancer cell lines. High EZR expression was an independent predictor of worse survival outcomes. Functional genomics analysis indicated that EZR contributes to multiple cancer-related pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, NOTCH signaling, estrogen-mediated signaling, and apoptosis. In pancreatic cells, NSC305787 reduced cell viability, clonal growth, and migration. Our exploratory molecular studies identified that NSC305787 modulates the expression and activation of key regulators of the cell cycle, proliferation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, favoring a tumor-suppressive molecular network. In conclusion, EZR expression is an independent prognosis marker in pancreatic cancer. Our study identifies a novel molecular axis underlying the antineoplastic activity of NSC305787 and provides insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruna Oliveira de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Barik GK, Sahay O, Paul D, Santra MK. Ezrin gone rogue in cancer progression and metastasis: An enticing therapeutic target. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188753. [PMID: 35752404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer as it remains the most complicated, devastating, and enigmatic aspect of cancer. Several decades of extensive research have identified several key players closely associated with metastasis. Among these players, cytoskeletal linker Ezrin (the founding member of the ERM (Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin) family) was identified as a critical promoter of metastasis in pediatric cancers in the early 21st century. Ezrin was discovered 40 years ago as a aminor component of intestinal epithelial microvillus core protein, which is enriched in actin-containing cell surface structures. It controls gastric acid secretion and plays diverse physiological roles including maintaining cell polarity, regulating cell adhesion, cell motility and morphogenesis. Extensive research for more than two decades evinces that Ezrin is frequently dysregulated in several human cancers. Overexpression, altered subcellular localization and/or aberrant activation of Ezrin are closely associated with higher metastatic incidence and patient mortality, thereby justifying Ezrin as a valuable prognostic biomarker in cancer. Ezrin plays multifaceted role in multiple aspects of cancer, with its significant contribution in the complex metastatic cascade, through reorganizing the cytoskeleton and deregulating various cellular signaling pathways. Current preclinical studies using genetic and/or pharmacological approaches reveal that inactivation of Ezrin results in significant inhibition of Ezrin-mediated tumor growth and metastasis as well as increase in the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we discuss the recent advances illuminating the molecular mechanisms responsible for Ezrin dysregulation in cancer and its pleiotropic role in cancer progression and metastasis. We also highlight its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in various cancers. More importantly, we put forward some potential questions, which we strongly believe, will stimulate both basic and translational research to better understand Ezrin-mediated malignancy, ultimately leading to the development of Ezrin-targeted cancer therapy for the betterment of human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Debasish Paul
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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Paul M, Gope TK, Das P, Ain R. Nitric-Oxide Synthase trafficking inducer (NOSTRIN) is an emerging negative regulator of colon cancer progression. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:594. [PMID: 35642021 PMCID: PMC9158178 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NOSTRIN, abundantly expressed in colon, was reported to be anti-angiogenic, anti-invasive and anti-inflammatory. NOSTRIN expression was inversely related to survival of pancreatic ductal adeno-carcinoma patients. Yet its function and regulatory mechanism in CRC remains elusive. Methods NOSTRIN’s influence on EMT of CRC cells were analysed using realtime PCR array containing the functional EMT-transcriptome followed by western blotting. Regulation of oncogenic potential of CRC cells by NOSTRIN was elucidated using soft agar colony formation, trans-well invasion, wound healing and colonosphere formation assays. Biochemical assays were used to reveal mechanism of NOSTRIN function. Human CRC tissue array was used to test NOSTRIN mark in control and CRC disease stages. Results We showed here that CRC cell lines with less NOSTRIN expression has more invasive and migratory potential. NOSTRIN affected EMT-associated transcriptome of CRC cells by down regulating 33 genes that were functionally annotated to transcription factors, genes important for cell growth, proliferation, migration, cell adhesion and cytoskeleton regulators in CRC cells. NOSTRIN over-expression significantly reduced soft agar colony formation, wound healing and cell invasion. In line with this, RNA interference of Nostrin enhanced metastatic potential of CRC cells. Furthermore, stable overexpression of NOSTRIN in CRC cell line not only curtailed its ability to form colonosphere but also decreased expression of stemness markers CD133, CD44 and EpCAM. NOSTRIN’s role in inhibiting self-renewal was further confirmed using BrdU incorporation assay. Interestingly, NOSTRIN formed immune-complex with Cdk1 in CRC cells and aided in increase of inhibitory Y15 and T14 phosphorylation of Cdk1 that halts cytokinesis. These ex vivo findings were substantiated using human colon cancer tissue array containing cDNAs from patients’ samples with various stages of disease progression. Significant decrease in NOSTRIN expression was found with initiation and progression of advanced colon cancer disease stages. Conclusion We illustrate function of a novel molecule, NOSTRIN in curtailing EMT and maintenance of CRC cell stemness. Our data validates importance of NOSTRIN mark during onset and disease progression of CRC indicating its diagnostic potential. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09670-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Paul
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Tamal Kanti Gope
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Rupasri Ain
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India.
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Li Y, Zhao W, Wang Y, Wang H, Liu S. Extracellular vesicle-mediated crosstalk between pancreatic cancer and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:208. [PMID: 35501802 PMCID: PMC9063273 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) interacts closely with the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is remodeled by crosstalk between pancreatic cancer cells and stromal cells, and is critical for cancer progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, help facilitate an exchange of information both within the TME and to distant organs. EVs have also been identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and drug carriers for pancreatic cancer treatment. Thus, understanding the selective packaging of EVs cargo and its mechanistic impact will increase our understanding of cancer biology. In this review, we collect and analyze recent findings of the pancreatic cancer-stromal cell interactions mediated by EVs and the mechanisms involved in cancer-related immunity and chemoresistance. These studies demonstrate the vital role of EVs in pancreatic cancer reprogramming and TME remodeling. We also summarize the EVs identified as potential PDAC diagnostic biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets. This greater understanding is a promising avenue for transitioning EVs from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Operating Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Xu C, Wang F, Hao L, Liu J, Shan B, Lv S, Han X, Pan Y, Niu Y. Expression Patterns of Ezrin and AJAP1 and Clinical Significance in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:831507. [PMID: 35311087 PMCID: PMC8931223 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin and adherens junction-associated protein 1 (AJAP1) are structural proteins which are involved in numerous human malignancies. However, little is known about the relationship between them in breast cancer. This study was set out to investigate the relationship between them and to further explore the mechanism of AJAP1-mediating cytoskeleton in breast cancer progression. Ezrin and AJAP1 expressions were detected in 377 samples of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry, and different expression patterns between AJAP1 and Ezrin with clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Besides, univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to evaluate their prognostic potential. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and phalloidin staining of F-actin were used to explore the relationship and the mechanism between AJAP1 and Ezrin in cytoskeleton arrangement. 377 cases of breast cancer results showed that AJAP1 expression was negatively related with histological grade and lymph node involvement and could be an independent prognosis marker of breast cancer. AJAP1 expression tended to be higher in the Ezrin-negative expression case. Patients with AJAP1negative and Ezrinpositive expression had a worse prognosis (p < 0.0001) and shorter DFS (p = 0.015). More importantly, AJAP1 depletion increased the cell ability of F-actin formation through promoting Ezrin expression. AJAP1 depletion might mediate breast cancer malignancy potential through promoting Ezrin expression and cytoskeleton formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Benjie Shan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhua Lv
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinghua Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Xinghua Han, ; Yueyin Pan, ; Yun Niu,
| | - Yueyin Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Xinghua Han, ; Yueyin Pan, ; Yun Niu,
| | - Yun Niu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xinghua Han, ; Yueyin Pan, ; Yun Niu,
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Hwang BO, Park SY, Cho ES, Zhang X, Lee SK, Ahn HJ, Chun KS, Chung WY, Song NY. Platelet CLEC2-Podoplanin Axis as a Promising Target for Oral Cancer Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 12:807600. [PMID: 34987523 PMCID: PMC8721674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.807600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer tissues are not just simple masses of malignant cells, but rather complex and heterogeneous collections of cellular and even non-cellular components, such as endothelial cells, stromal cells, immune cells, and collagens, referred to as tumor microenvironment (TME). These multiple players in the TME develop dynamic interactions with each other, which determines the characteristics of the tumor. Platelets are the smallest cells in the bloodstream and primarily regulate blood coagulation and hemostasis. Notably, cancer patients often show thrombocytosis, a status of an increased platelet number in the bloodstream, as well as the platelet infiltration into the tumor stroma, which contributes to cancer promotion and progression. Thus, platelets function as one of the important stromal components in the TME, emerging as a promising chemotherapeutic target. However, the use of traditional antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, has limitations mainly due to increased bleeding complications. This requires to implement new strategies to target platelets for anti-cancer effects. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, both high platelet counts and low tumor-stromal ratio (high stroma) are strongly correlated with increased metastasis and poor prognosis. OSCC tends to invade adjacent tissues and bones and spread to the lymph nodes for distant metastasis, which is a huge hurdle for OSCC treatment in spite of relatively easy access for visual examination of precancerous lesions in the oral cavity. Therefore, locoregional control of the primary tumor is crucial for OSCC treatment. Similar to thrombocytosis, higher expression of podoplanin (PDPN) has been suggested as a predictive marker for higher frequency of lymph node metastasis of OSCC. Cumulative evidence supports that platelets can directly interact with PDPN-expressing cancer cells via C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC2), contributing to cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Thus, the platelet CLEC2-PDPN axis could be a pinpoint target to inhibit interaction between platelets and OSCC, avoiding undesirable side effects. Here, we will review the role of platelets in cancer, particularly focusing on CLEC2-PDPN interaction, and will assess their potentials as therapeutic targets for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Oh Hwang
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunae Sandra Cho
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, China
| | - Sun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Yoon Chung
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Ezrin and Radixin Differentially Modulate Cell Surface Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma KP-2 Cells. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors against programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have not been successful in treating patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite the critical role of PD-L1 in various types of cancers, the regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 expression on the cell surface of PDAC is poorly understood. Therefore, uncovering potential modulators of cell surface localisation of PD-L1 may provide a new strategy to improve ICB therapy in patients with PDAC. Here, we examined the role of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) family scaffold proteins that crosslink transmembrane proteins with the actin cytoskeleton in the surface localisation of PD-L1 in KP-2 cells, a human PDAC cell line. Our results demonstrated the abundant protein expression of PD-L1, ezrin, and radixin, but not moesin, as well as their colocalisation in the plasma membrane. Interestingly, immunoprecipitation analysis detected the molecular interaction of PD-L1 with ezrin and radixin. Moreover, gene silencing of ezrin moderately decreased the mRNA and cell surface expression of PD-L1, while that of radixin greatly decreased the surface expression of PD-L1 without altering the mRNA levels. Thus, radixin and ezrin differentially modulate the cell surface localisation of PD-L1 in KP-2 cells, highlighting a potential therapeutic target to improve the current ICB therapy in PDAC.
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12
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Li X, Wang J, Long H, Lin W, Wang H, Chen Y, Yuan Q, Li X. circCDYL2, Overexpressed in Highly Migratory Colorectal Cancer Cells, Promotes Migration by Binding to Ezrin. Front Oncol 2021; 11:716073. [PMID: 34485151 PMCID: PMC8416158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.716073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies with high mortality worldwide, particularly due to metastasis. However, there are no clinically available strategies for treating CRC metastasis. Exploring the mechanisms underlying CRC metastasis is the key to improve the treatment of CRC with metastasis. Methods In this study, we generated the highly migratory CRC cell subline H-RKO using a repeated transwell migration assay to identify circRNAs involved in CRC migration by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Upregulated circRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR to identify the most elevated circRNA. The expression of this circRNA (circCDYL2) was evaluated in 40 pairs of CRC tissues and four CRC cell lines by RT-qPCR. Transwell migration and wound healing assays were performed to verify the function of circCDYL2 in cell migration. The cellular distribution of circCDYL2 was confirmed using PCR. RNA pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to confirm the interaction between circCDYL2 and Ezrin. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and rescue experiments were used to determine the role of circCDYL2 in regulating Ezrin protein expression and AKT phosphorylation. Results Among the candidate circRNAs, circCDYL2 was the highest overexpressed circRNA in H-RKO compared to parental N-RKO cells. Furthermore, circCDYL2 expression was elevated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Gain- and loss-of-function assays indicated that circCDYL2 enhanced the migration of CRC cells. circCDYL2 was located in the cytoplasm of CRC cells and interacted with Ezrin to upregulate its protein levels, resulting in AKT phosphorylation. Ezrin knockdown abrogated the CRC cell migration induced by circCDYL2 overexpression. Conclusions Our study demonstrated for the first time that circCDYL2 promotes CRC migration by binding Ezrin and activating the AKT pathway. CircCDYL2 represents a potential therapeutic target for preventing CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Huaicheng Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinzi Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuenong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang X, Jin T, Zhu G, Lin Z. Ezrin as a prognostic indicator regulates colon adenocarinoma progression through glycolysis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:710-720. [PMID: 32710796 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) is a distinctive metabolic hallmark of colon adenocarcinoma. Ezrin was a member of the Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin protein family and has been found profoundly implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the specific functional roles of Ezrin in metabolic reprogramming of colon adenocarcinoma remain poorly characterized and need to be explored. METHODS The expression of Ezrin in colon adenocarcinoma tissues was screened by bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical assay. Si-RNA-mediated transfection and overexpression plasmid transfection were performed in colon adenocarcinoma cells. The proliferation viability was measured using MTT, colony formation, and EdU assays. The migration ability was determined using wound healing and transwell assay. The expression of EMT markers and transcriptional factors was detected using immunofluorescence staining and western blot assays. Glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP assay were performed to validate the effect of Ezrin on glycolysis-mediated colon adenocarcinoma progression. RESULTS Ezrin was upregulated in colon adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with poor survival. Ezrin stimulated colon adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and the process of EMT. Ezrin aroused significant increase in glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP level in colon adenocarcinoma cells. Further investigations demonstrated that treatment with a glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose reversed the effects reduced by Ezrin on colon adenocarcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results evidenced a novel mechanism for colon adenocarcinoma cells proliferation and migration induced by Ezrin via glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
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14
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Wang X, Li N, Han A, Wang Y, Lin Z, Yang Y. Ezrin promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating glycolytic reprogramming. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4061-4074. [PMID: 32639665 PMCID: PMC7648033 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, one of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins, is involved in the formation of cell membrane processes and has been implicated in the promotion of cancer proliferation and metastasis. However, the possible role of ezrin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and glycolysis reprogramming has remained unclear. In this study, we found that ezrin was upregulated in HCC tissues, and its overexpression was linked with HCC patients' aggressive tumor characteristics and poor prognosis. Functional experiments further revealed that ezrin overexpression promoted HCC cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression and angiogenesis. In addition, by measuring glucose consumption, lactate production, ATP levels and the expression of glucose metabolism-related markers in HCC cells, we investigated whether ezrin regulated glucose metabolism. Moreover, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) affected ezrin-mediated proliferation, migration and EMT of HCC cells, which suggested that ezrin may, at least in part, promote HCC progression by regulating glycolysis reprogramming. Based on our results, we proposed that ezrin was involved in HCC progression and may be a valid prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of VirologyWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research CenterYanbian University Medical CollegeYanjiChina
- Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin ProvinceYanjiChina
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15
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Quan C, Sun J, Lin Z, Jin T, Dong B, Meng Z, Piao J. Ezrin promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion through activating the Akt/mTOR pathway and inducing YAP translocation. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6553-6566. [PMID: 31372056 PMCID: PMC6634270 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s202342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin and YAP are abnormally expressed in various cancers, and play pivotal roles in cancer initiation and development. However, the mechanisms of Ezrin in pancreatic cancer have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the functions and mechanisms of Ezrin in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Effects of Ezrin deregulation on pancreatic cancer phenotype were determined in Capan-1 and BxPC-3 cells using MTT, colony formation, transwell, wound-healing, and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. To find out the underlying mechanism of Ezrin, multiple assays were performed to detect the effect of Ezrin on Akt pathway activation and YAP expression. Then, Ezrin and YAP expression was analyzed in pancreatic cancer and normal pancreas samples. Finally, the prognostic value of Ezrin and YAP was evaluated in pancreatic cancer patients. Results Ezrin promoted proliferation, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and angiogenesis of pancreatic cancers. Mechanistically, Ezrin activated Akt/mTOR pathways and induced YAP phosphorylation and nucleus translocation. The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor, rapamycin, and LY294002 could partially attenuate the effect of Ezrin on cell proliferation, invasion, EMT progression, and YAP phosphorylation and translocation. Moreover, both Ezrin and YAP were significantly overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal pancreas, and correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Multivariate survival analysis showed that Ezrin was an independent prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, the expression status of Ezrin and YAP had positive correlations in pancreatic cancer tissues. Conclusion Ezrin promoted pancreatic cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT progression, partially through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, and also regulated YAP phosphorylation and translocation, partially through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Ezrin and YAP were significantly overexpressed in pancreatic cancers, and correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Quan
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Piao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province , Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
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16
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Ezrin promotes breast cancer progression by modulating AKT signals. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:703-713. [PMID: 30804430 PMCID: PMC6461860 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin, which is known as a cytoskeleton linker protein, is closely linked with the metastatic progression of cancer and is frequently abnormally expressed in aggressive cancer types. However, the possible involvement of Ezrin in metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer remains unclear. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of Ezrin was performed on both BC samples (n = 117) and normal epithelium samples (n = 47). In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to validate the effect of Ezrin on AKT pathway-mediated BC progression. Results In this study, Ezrin was found to be upregulated in BC tissues, which was linked with aggressive tumour characteristics and poor prognosis. Moreover, we showed that Ezrin promotes BC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analysis showed that Ezrin interacted with AKT, and promoted its kinase activity, thereby regulating the AKT pathway in BC. Conclusions In all, we propose a model for an Ezrin/AKT oncoprotein axis, which provides novel insight into how Ezrin contributes to BC progression.
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17
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Ghaffari A, Hoskin V, Turashvili G, Varma S, Mewburn J, Mullins G, Greer PA, Kiefer F, Day AG, Madarnas Y, SenGupta S, Elliott BE. Intravital imaging reveals systemic ezrin inhibition impedes cancer cell migration and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:12. [PMID: 30678714 PMCID: PMC6345049 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited understanding of the cancer biology of metastatic sites is a major factor contributing to poor outcomes in cancer patients. The regional lymph nodes are the most common site of metastasis in most solid cancers and their involvement is a strong predictor of relapse in breast cancer (BC). We have previously shown that ezrin, a cytoskeletal–membrane linker protein, is associated with lymphovascular invasion and promotes metastatic progression in BC. However, the efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of ezrin in blocking cancer cell migration and metastasis remains unexplored in BC. Methods We quantified ezrin expression in a BC tissue microarray (n = 347) to assess its correlation with risk of relapse. Next, we developed a quantitative intravital microscopy (qIVM) approach, using a syngeneic lymphatic reporter mouse tumor model, to investigate the effect of systemic ezrin inhibition on cancer cell migration and metastasis. Results We show that ezrin is expressed at significantly higher levels in lymph node metastases compared to matched primary tumors, and that a high tumor ezrin level is associated with increased risk of relapse in BC patients with regional disease. Using qIVM, we observe a subset of cancer cells that retain their invasive and migratory phenotype at the tumor-draining lymph node. We further show that systemic inhibition of ezrin, using a small molecule compound (NSC668394), impedes the migration of cancer cells in vivo. Furthermore, systemic ezrin inhibition leads to reductions in metastatic burden at the distal axillary lymph node and lungs. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the tumor ezrin level act as an independent biomarker in predicting relapse and provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of ezrin to reduce the metastatic capacity of cancer cells in high-risk BC patients with elevated ezrin expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1079-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdi Ghaffari
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. .,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Gulisa Turashvili
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Sonal Varma
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Jeff Mewburn
- Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Graeme Mullins
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Peter A Greer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Andrew G Day
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - Sandip SenGupta
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Bruce E Elliott
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. .,Cancer Research Institute, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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18
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Yu L, Zhao L, Wu H, Zhao H, Yu Z, He M, Jin F, Wei M. Moesin is an independent prognostic marker for ER-positive breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1921-1933. [PMID: 30675256 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Moesin, a cytoskeletal protein belonging to the ezrin-radixin-moesin family serves important roles in cell motility, invasion and metastasis. Moesin has been demonstrated to be of prognostic significance in tumor progression, due to its role in the metastatic process; however, its role in breast cancer is not well characterized. In the present study, the moesin expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in 404 and 46 patients with breast cancer and fibroadenoma, respectively, and the associations between moesin expression and the clinical parameters and prognostic values were analyzed. The positive rate of moesin protein expression was 47.8% (193/404) in breast cancer tissues, which was significantly higher than in fibroadenoma tissues (15.2%, 14/46). Overexpression of moesin was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P=0.002), positive lymph node metastasis (P<0.0001), and estrogen receptor (ER; P=0.008) and progesterone receptor (P=0.026) status. Patients with high moesin expression had significantly lower recurrence-free survival time, compared with patient with low moesin expression. Notably, overexpression of moesin was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with ER-positive breast cancer, and in patients treated with tamoxifen. Using a Cox proportional hazard regression model, further analysis was conducted, which demonstrated that moesin overexpression was a predictive prognostic factor for reduced overall survival time in patients with ER-positive breast cancer, and in patients treated with tamoxifen. These results indicated that moesin may be a potential marker for poor prognosis in patients with ER-positive breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. In conclusion, moesin serves an important role in the progression of breast cancer, and may be a valuable marker of breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
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19
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Zhang Y, Wang G. MicroRNA-183 inhibits A375 human melanoma cell migration and invasion by targeting Ezrin and MMP-9. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:548-554. [PMID: 30655800 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the influence of microRNA-183 (miR-183) on the migration and invasion of A375 human melanoma cells, an A375 cell line with stable miR-183 overexpression or knockdown was constructed using lentiviral transfection. The change of miR-183 expression in these cells and in non-transfected controls was verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The impact of miR-183 on experimental A375 cell migration and invasion was assessed using a scratch and Transwell assay. The expression of Ezrin and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), which are two mediator proteins that serve roles in tumor cell migration and invasion, were analyzed in each cell group via western blotting. The results of the present study indicated that miR-183 overexpression significantly inhibits A375 cell migration and invasion, which may be facilitated by miR-183 knockdown. Furthermore, Ezrin and MMP-9 protein levels were negatively associated with miR-183 expression, indicating that miR-183 may function as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the expression of these two proteins. Additionally, miR-183 downregulation may be associated with the progression of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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20
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Liu YR, Ortiz-Bonilla CJ, Lee YF. Extracellular Vesicles in Bladder Cancer: Biomarkers and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2822. [PMID: 30231589 PMCID: PMC6165150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) are membrane-bound, nanosized vesicles released by cancer cells and taken up by cells in the tumor microenvironment to modulate the molecular makeup and behavior of recipient cells. In this report, we summarize the pivotal roles of TEVs involved in bladder cancer (BC) development, progression and treatment resistance through transferring their bioactive cargos, including proteins and nucleic acids. We also report on the molecular profiling of TEV cargos derived from urine and blood of BC patients as non-invasive disease biomarkers. The current hurdles in EV research and plausible solutions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ru Liu
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Carlos J Ortiz-Bonilla
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Yi-Fen Lee
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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21
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Yes-associated protein (YAP) in pancreatic cancer: at the epicenter of a targetable signaling network associated with patient survival. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2018; 3:11. [PMID: 29682330 PMCID: PMC5908807 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-017-0005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is generally a fatal disease with no efficacious treatment modalities. Elucidation of signaling mechanisms that will lead to the identification of novel targets for therapy and chemoprevention is urgently needed. Here, we review the role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW-domain-containing Transcriptional co-Activator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) in the development of PDAC. These oncogenic proteins are at the center of a signaling network that involves multiple upstream signals and downstream YAP-regulated genes. We also discuss the clinical significance of the YAP signaling network in PDAC using a recently published interactive open-access database (www.proteinatlas.org/pathology) that allows genome-wide exploration of the impact of individual proteins on survival outcomes. Multiple YAP/TEAD-regulated genes, including AJUBA, ANLN, AREG, ARHGAP29, AURKA, BUB1, CCND1, CDK6, CXCL5, EDN2, DKK1, FOSL1,FOXM1, HBEGF, IGFBP2, JAG1, NOTCH2, RHAMM, RRM2, SERP1, and ZWILCH, are associated with unfavorable survival of PDAC patients. Similarly, components of AP-1 that synergize with YAP (FOSL1), growth factors (TGFα, EPEG, and HBEGF), a specific integrin (ITGA2), heptahelical receptors (P2Y2R, GPR87) and an inhibitor of the Hippo pathway (MUC1), all of which stimulate YAP activity, are associated with unfavorable survival of PDAC patients. By contrast, YAP inhibitory pathways (STRAD/LKB-1/AMPK, PKA/LATS, and TSC/mTORC1) indicate a favorable prognosis. These associations emphasize that the YAP signaling network correlates with poor survival of pancreatic cancer patients. We conclude that the YAP pathway is a major determinant of clinical aggressiveness in PDAC patients and a target for therapeutic and preventive strategies in this disease. Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling contributes to pancreatic cancer progression and is associated with poor patient survival. Previous studies have shown that YAP activates genes involved in cell proliferation to incite tumor growth and metastasis. Enrique Rozengurt and colleagues at University of California Los Angeles review the latest knowledge on YAP signaling and used the open access database The Human Protein Atlas to analyze the gene expression profile and prognosis of 176 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Activation of upstream or downstream elements of the YAP signaling pathway correlated with shorter survival in patients. Conversely, the activation of signaling pathways that oppose YAP signaling were associated with a more favorable prognosis. These findings highlight YAP signaling pathway components as both prognostic markers and potential targets for developing much needed therapeutic and preventative strategies.
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Lee J, McKinney KQ, Pavlopoulos AJ, Niu M, Kang JW, Oh JW, Kim KP, Hwang S. Altered Proteome of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Bladder Cancer Patients Urine. Mol Cells 2018; 41:179-187. [PMID: 29562735 PMCID: PMC5881091 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from biological fluid is a powerful approach to discover potential biomarkers for human diseases including cancers, as EV secreted to biological fluids are originated from the affected tissue. In order to investigate significant molecules related to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, EVs were isolated from patient urine which was analyzed by mass spectrometry based proteomics. Comparison of the EV proteome to the whole urine proteome demonstrated an increased number of protein identification in EV. Comparative MS analyses of urinary EV from control subjects and bladder cancer patients identified a total of 1,222 proteins. Statistical analyses provided 56 proteins significantly increased in bladder cancer urine, including proteins for which expression levels varied by cancer stage (P-value < 0.05). While urine represents a valuable, noninvasive specimen for biomarker discovery in urologic cancers, there is a high degree of intra- and inter-individual variability in urine samples. The enrichment of urinary EV demonstrated its capability and applicability of providing a focused identification of biologically relevant proteins in urological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Lee
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28203,
United States
| | - Kimberly Q. McKinney
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28203,
United States
| | - Antonis J. Pavlopoulos
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28203,
United States
| | - Meng Niu
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28203,
United States
| | - Jung Won Kang
- Omics Core Laboratory, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408,
Korea
| | - Jae Won Oh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104,
Korea
| | - Sunil Hwang
- Proteomics Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Research, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28203,
United States
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23
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Dumstrei K, Chen H, Brenner H. A systematic review of serum autoantibodies as biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11151-64. [PMID: 26840568 PMCID: PMC4905464 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the western world. Patients with pancreatic cancer have poor prognosis, partly due to difficulties in detecting it at early stages. While different markers have been associated with pancreatic cancer, many of them show suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. Serum autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens have recently emerged as early stage biomarkers for different types of cancers. Given the urgent need for early and reliable biomarkers for pancreatic cancer, we undertook a systematic review of the published literature to identify primary articles that evaluated serum autoantibodies in pancreatic cancer detection by searching PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge. Two reviewers extracted data on study characteristics and results independently. Overall, 31 studies evaluating 124 individual serum autoantibodies in pancreatic cancer detection met the inclusion criteria. In general, single autoantibody markers showed relatively low sensitivities at high specificity. A combination of markers, either multiple serum autoantibodies or serum autoantibodies combined with tumor-associated markers, led to a better diagnostic performance. However, most of the analyzed autoantibodies have only been reported in single studies and therefore need to be independently validated. We conclude that serum autoantibodies might present an option as biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic cancer, but more work is needed to identify and validate autoantibody signatures that are associated with early stage pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Dumstrei
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hongda Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Kong J, Di C, Piao J, Sun J, Han L, Chen L, Yan G, Lin Z. Ezrin contributes to cervical cancer progression through induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19631-42. [PMID: 26933912 PMCID: PMC4991407 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in females worldwide. The treatment options for advanced cervical cancer are limited, leading to high mortality. Ezrin is a membrane-cytoskeleton-binding protein recently reported to act as a tumor promoter, and we previously indicated that the aberrant localization and overexpression of Ezrin could be an independent effective biomarker for prognostic evaluation of cervical cancers. In this study, we identified Ezrin as a regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in cervical cancer. Ezrin knock-down inhibited anchorage-independent growth, cell migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. EMT was inhibited in Ezrin-depleted cells, with up-regulation of E-cadherin and Cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) and down-regulation of mesenchymal markers. Ezrin knock-down also induced Akt phosphorylation. These results implicate Ezrin as an EMT regulator and tumor promoter in cervical cancer, and down-regulation of Ezrin suppressed cervical cancer progression, possibly via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Furthermore, the expression pattern of Ezrin protein was closely related with the lymphovascular invasion status of cervical cancer by immunohistochemistry, and the survival analysis revealed that the cervical cancer patients with the perinuclear Ezrin expression pattern had longer survival time than those with the cytoplasmic Ezrin expression pattern. Ezrin thus represents a promising target for the development of novel and effective strategies aimed at preventing the progression of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jienan Kong
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chunchan Di
- Department of Pathology, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo 255200, China
| | - Junjie Piao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Longzhe Han
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
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25
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Quan C, Yan Y, Qin Z, Lin Z, Quan T. Ezrin regulates skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and YAP-dependent proliferation. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:549-560. [PMID: 28889372 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin acts as a dynamic linkage between plasma membrane and cytoskeleton, and thus involved in many fundamental cellular functions. Yet, its potential role in human skin is virtually unknown. Here we investigate the role of Ezrin in primary skin fibroblasts, the major cells responsible extracellular matrix (ECM) production. We report that Ezrin play an important role in the maintenance of skin fibroblast size/mechanical properties and proliferation. siRNA-mediated Ezrin knockdown decreased fibroblast size and mechanical properties, and thus impaired the nuclear translocation of YAP, a protein commonly response to cell size and mechanical force. Functionally, depletion of Ezrin significantly inhibited YAP target gene expression and fibroblast proliferation. Conversely, restoration of YAP nuclear translocation by overexpression of constitutively active YAP reversed YAP target genes expression and rescued proliferation in Ezrin knockdown cells. These data reveal a novel role for Ezrin in maintenance of fibroblast size/mechanical force and regulating YAP-mediated proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Quan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Medical College, 133000 Yanji, Jilin, Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive Medical Science I, Room 6447, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0609, USA.
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26
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Park JM, Han YM, Jeong M, Chung MH, Kwon CI, Ko KH, Hahm KB. Synthetic 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine inhibited metastasis of pancreatic cancer through concerted inhibitions of ERM and Rho-GTPase. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 110:151-161. [PMID: 28602912 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is generated consequent to oxidative stress, but its paradoxical anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-mutagenic effects via Rho-GTPase inhibition were noted in various models of inflammation and cancer. Metastasis occurs through cell detachment, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell migration; during these processes, changes in cell morphology are initiated through Rho-GTPase-dependent actin cytoskeleton polymerization. In this study, we explored the anti-metastatic mechanisms of 8-OHdG in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells. 8-OHdG inhibits cell migration by inactivating ERM and Rho-GTPase proteins, and inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). At 15min, 8-OHdG significantly inactivated ERM (p < 0.05) and led to a significant retardation of wound healing; siERM and H1152 (ROCK inhibitor) had similar effects (p < 0.05). However, FAK inhibitor 14, DPI (NOX inhibitor), and NAC (antioxidant) significantly delayed wound healing without inhibiting ERM or CD44 (p < 0.05). In the experiments on cell migration, siERM, siCD44, DPI, and 8-OHdG significantly inhibited MMPs. 8-OHdG significantly decreased DCF-DA activation in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells and down-regulated NOXs (nox-1, nox-2, and nox-3). Finally, all of these anti-migration actions of 8-OHdG resulted in significant inhibition of EMT, as evidenced by the up-regulation of ZO-1 and claudin-1 and down-regulation of vimentin. We found significant inhibition of lung metastasis of Panc-1 cells by 8-OHdG. In conclusion, exogenous 8-OHdG had potent anti-metastasis effects mediated by either ERM or Rho GTPase inhibition in metastasis-prone pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Park
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Han
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Migyeong Jeong
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hee Chung
- Lee Gil Ya Diabetes and Cancer Institute, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Il Kwon
- CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Digestive Disease Center, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Ko
- CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Digestive Disease Center, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Digestive Disease Center, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Li Y, Lin Z, Chen B, Chen S, Jiang Z, Zhou T, Hou Z, Wang Y. Ezrin/NF-kB activation regulates epithelial- mesenchymal transition induced by EGF and promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:140-148. [PMID: 28535417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that epithelial mesenchymal-transition (EMT) plays significant roles in terms of tumor metastasis. There are a lot of cytokines inducing EMT of tumor cells, EGF is one of the important cytokines.Ezrin is a connexin between the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane, which is closely related to the morphological movement and metastasis of tumor cells.EGF can activate Ezrin and affects cell motility. In recent years, many studies have shown that NF-kB acts as an important transcription factor, involving in the process of EMT. However, does Ezrin participate in the regulation of EGF-induced EMT through the NF-kB pathway? This question needs us to discuss.In the present study, we found that EGF could induce colorectal cancer cells to develop EMT,enhance their ability to invade and migrate and promotes phosphorylation of Ezrin Tyr353.On the other hand, inhibition of Ezrin could reverse EGF-induced EMT and inhibit NF-kB P65 translocating into the nucleus. Finally, knockout of Ezrin inhibited EGF-induced lung metastasis of colorectal cancer xenografts and abnormal activation of Ezrin and NF-kB were related with colorectal cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. Our present results suggest that Ezrin/NF-kB pathway may provide experimental evidence for new targeted drugs for colorectal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- The Affiliated Xuzhou Center Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhipeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taicheng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehui Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The sixth affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat_Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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28
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Hashimoto K, Hayashi R, Mukaigawa T, Yamazaki M, Fujii S. Concomitant expression of ezrin and HER2 predicts distant metastasis and poor prognosis of patients with salivary gland carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2017; 63:110-119. [PMID: 28300573 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) exhibit heterogeneous biological behaviors, including the formation of distant metastases, which is a critical event associated with poor prognosis. Ezrin, which is a member of the ezrin-radixin-moesin family of plasma membrane-cytoskeleton linker proteins, may provide a marker for metastasis and poor survival of patients with cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ezrin expression and the expression of HER2, p53, and Ki-67 as well as clinicopathological factors in SGCs. For this purpose, we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of these proteins in tissue microarrays prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of 221 patients with SGCs. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, we determined cut-off values of 30% and 5.0% for high expression of ezrin and Ki-67, respectively. High ezrin expression detected in samples from 63 (28.5%) patients with SGCs significantly correlated with male sex, high-grade histopathology, high Ki-67 labeling index, HER2 overexpression, aberrant expression of p53, and distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high ezrin expression was an independent prognostic factor for shorter overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.11 [1.09-4.05]; P=.027). Furthermore, concomitant high expression of ezrin and HER2 overexpression correlated significantly with shorter disease-free survival and overall survival as well as a high incidence of distant metastasis (P<.001). These findings indicate that ezrin and HER2 expression in patients with SGCs represents a high-grade histopathological subtype that requires adjuvant therapy, including molecularly targeted therapies, to decrease the risk of subsequent metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hashimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Ryuichi Hayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Takashi Mukaigawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
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29
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Demacopulo B, Lema BE, Cabrini RL, Kreimann EL. Similar expression pattern of NHERF1 and EZRIN in papillary but not in solid areas of human serous ovarian carcinomas. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:797-805. [PMID: 27823775 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
NHERF1 is an adaptor protein expressed in the apical membrane of polarized epithelia, which interacts with the EZRIN-Radixin-Moesin (ERM) family of proteins connecting signaling pathways to the cell cytoskeleton. NHERF1 and EZRIN cooperate in the maintenance of the apical microvilli in polarized epithelial cells. In several types of cancers, NHERF1 and EZRIN are displaced from the apical compartment to the cytoplasm and nuclei of cancer cells. At the present, the distribution of NHERF1 in ovarian tumors is not well known. In this study, NHERF1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in cyst adenofibromas, serous borderline tumors, and serous ovarian carcinomas. We observed a strong staining of NHERF1 and EZRIN at the membrane level of borderline tumors and areas of papillary structures in ovarian carcinomas. In tumors without papillary structures and compact structure, NHERF1 was exclusively expressed in the apical pole of the cells at the edges of the clefts of luminal spaces. In contrast, positive expression of EZRIN was found in the membrane of tumor cells within the solid tumor where NHERF1 was not expressed. In summary, this study shows, for the first time, the distribution of NHERF1 in ovarian cancer and reveals a different regulation of NHERF1 and EZRIN expression in ovarian tumors which represents the complexity of the molecular changes of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Demacopulo
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Baltazar Eduardo Lema
- Private Diagnostic Pathology Laboratory, Anchorena 1510 Capital Federal (1425) C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Rómulo Luis Cabrini
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Department of Oral Pathology, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2142, (C1122AAH) C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Erica Lorena Kreimann
- National Atomic Energy Commission of Argentina (CNEA), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Department of Radiobiology, Av. General Paz 1499 (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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30
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Ezrin Is Associated with Disease Progression in Ovarian Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162502. [PMID: 27622508 PMCID: PMC5021292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ezrin and p130Cas are structural proteins with an important role in signaling pathways and have been shown to promote cancer dissemination. We previously reported on overexpression of both ezrin and p130Cas in breast carcinoma effusions compared to primary carcinomas. Since ovarian and breast carcinomas share the ability to disseminate by forming malignant effusions, we sought to study the role of these molecules in ovarian carcinoma (OC). Methods OC cell lines were cultured in two different 3-dimensional conditions, on alginate scaffolds and as spheroids, which served as models for solid tumor and malignant effusions, respectively. shRNA was used to reduce protein expression in the cells. The malignant potential was evaluated by chemo-invasion assay, branching capacity on Matrigel and rate of proliferation. Subsequently, clinical specimens of high-grade serous carcinoma effusions, ovarian tumors and solid metastases were analyzed for ezrin and p130Cas expression. Results Higher ezrin expression was found in cells composing the spheroids compared to their counterparts cultured on alginate scaffold and in clinical samples of malignant effusions compared to solid tumors. In addition, reduced Ezrin expression impaired the invasion ability and the branching capacity of OC cells to a greater extent than reduced p130Cas expression. However, ezrin and p130Cas expression in effusions was unrelated to clinical outcome. Conclusions The 3-dimensional cell cultures were found to mimic the different tumor sites and be applicable as a model. The in vitro results concur with the clinical specimen analysis, suggesting that in OC, the role of ezrin in disease progression is more pronounced than that of p130Cas.
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31
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Sun Y, Wu J, Cai H, Wang S, Liu Q, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Cai Q. A prospective study of autoantibodies to Ezrin and pancreatic cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:831-5. [PMID: 27146838 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE No biomarker is available for pancreatic cancer early detection, but a small prospective European study involving 16 cases and 32 controls raised the possibility that anti-Ezrin autoantibodies may be associated with risk of pancreatic cancer. We aimed to validate this finding in a case-control study nested within a prospective study in the USA. METHODS Levels of anti-Ezrin autoantibodies were examined using ELISA in pre-diagnostic plasma samples of 73 cases and 145 matched controls. Paired t test and paired signed rank tests were used to determine the difference between two groups, and conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between anti-Ezrin autoantibody levels and risk of developing pancreatic cancer. RESULTS No association was found between levels of anti-Ezrin plasma autoantibodies and subsequent risk of developing pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION Anti-Ezrin autoantibodies did not appear to be useful as a plasma biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Sun
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Shuyang Wang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Qiaolan Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Xiao Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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Guedj N, Vaquero J, Clapéron A, Mergey M, Chrétien Y, Paradis V, Fouassier L. Loss of ezrin in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is associated with ectopic expression of E-cadherin. Histopathology 2016; 69:211-21. [PMID: 26791814 DOI: 10.1111/his.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ezrin connects proteins from the plasma membrane to the subcortical cytoskeleton, and contributes to epithelial integrity by interacting with the cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. In the liver, ezrin is restricted to cholangiocytes, where it regulates biliary secretory functions. During carcinogenesis, ezrin expression is impaired and associated with enhancement of cell migratory activity in cancer cells; therefore, we aimed to analyse ezrin in cholangiocarcinogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Ezrin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays from 94 surgical specimens of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and correlated with clinicopathological factors and E-cadherin expression. Ezrin function was also analysed in human CCA cell lines. In CCA, ezrin was negative/weakly expressed in 49 cases (52%) and moderately/strongly expressed in 45 cases (48%), mostly in cell cytoplasm. The negative/weak expression of ezrin was more frequent in peripheral than in perihilar CCA (P = 0.002), and was associated with high tumour size (P = 0.001), low mucus secretion (P = 0.042), the presence of satellite nodules (P = 0.024), and ectopic cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin (P = 0.005). In vitro, silencing of ezrin in CCA cells caused internalization of E-cadherin and favoured cell migration. CONCLUSIONS Ezrin is down-regulated during cholangiocarcinogenesis, and its loss results in a more aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Guedj
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.,INSERM, UMR 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Javier Vaquero
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Clapéron
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Martine Mergey
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Yves Chrétien
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.,INSERM, UMR 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Laura Fouassier
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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Prognostic Value of Ezrin in Various Cancers: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17903. [PMID: 26632332 PMCID: PMC4668575 DOI: 10.1038/srep17903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have investigated the effects of Ezrin expression level on the prognostic role in various tumors. However, the results remain controversial rather than conclusive. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation of Ezrin expression with the prognosis in various tumors. the pooled hazard ratios (HR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the degree of the association. The overall results of fifty-five studies with 6675 patients showed that elevated Ezrin expression was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with cancers, with the pooled HRs of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.51–2.31, P < 0.001) for over survival (OS), 2.55 (95% CI: 2.14–3.05, P < 0.001) for disease-specific survival (DFS) and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.13–3.63, P = 0.018) for disease-specific survival (DSS)/metastasis-free survival (MFS) by the random, fixed and random effect model respectively. Similar results were also observed in the stratified analyses by tumor types, ethnicity background and sample source. This meta-analysis suggests that Ezrin may be a potential prognostic marker in cancer patients. High Ezrin is associated with a poor prognosis in a variety of solid tumors.
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Shan HG, Huang CH, Huang DM. Ezrin promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by up-regulating YAP protein expression. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3683-3690. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i23.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the interactions of Ezrin and Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.
METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to determine the protein expression of Ezrin and YAP in 209 gastric cancer tissues. MTT assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of Ezrin overexpression with or without siYAP treatment on cell proliferation. Transwell assays were implemented to assess the impact of Ezrin overexpression with or without siYAP on cell migration and invasion.
RESULTS: IHC staining showed that Ezrin and YAP expression was up-regulated in primary gastric cancer compared with their adjacent normal tissues and positively correlated with tumor occurrence, development and metastasis. MTT assay showed that overexpression of Ezrin increased cell proliferation, and knockdown of YAP inhibited cell proliferation. Transwell assays demonstrated that the ectopic expression of Ezrin in SGC7901 cells promoted cell migration and invasion, and knockdown of YAP inhibited cell migration and invasion.
CONCLUSION: Ezrin functions as an oncogene in gastric cancer and can increase YAP protein expression, which in turn up-regulates the expression of the downstream molecules of the Hippo pathway to promote invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.
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Xu CW, Lin S, Wang WL, Gao WB, Lv JY, Gao JS, Zhang LY, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang YP, Tian YW. Analysis of mutation of the c-Kit gene and PDGFRA in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1045-1051. [PMID: 26622437 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate mutation status of the c-Kit gene (KIT) and PDGFRA in patients with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). In total, 93 patients with a GIST were included in the study, in which polymerase chain reaction amplification and gene sequencing were used to detect the sequences of exons 9, 11, 13 and 17 in KIT and exons 12 and 18 in PDGFRA. KIT mutations were detected in 64 cases (68.82%), of which exon 11 mutations were detected in 56 cases (60.22%), exon 13 mutations were detected in three cases (3.23%) and one case (1.08%) was shown to have a mutation in exon 17. The most common mutation in exon 11 was a deletion, which accounted for 55.36% (31/56) of the cases, followed by a point mutation observed in 26.79% (15/56) of the cases, while an insertion (tandem repeats) was identified in 14.29% (8/56) of the cases, and 3.57% (2/56) of the exon 11 mutations were deletions associated with a point mutation. The majority of the mutations were heterozygous, with only a few homozygous mutations. Mutational analysis revealed the mutations to be more concentrated in the classic hot zone at the 5'-end, followed by the tandem repeat frame at the 3'-end. In four cases, a mutation was detected in exon 18 of PDGFRA, of which one was associated with a mutation in KIT. The remaining three cases (10.34%, 3/29) were not associated with mutations in KIT and accounted for 37.5% (3/8) of the CD117-negative GIST cases. Therefore, the majority of the GIST cases were characterized by mutations in KIT or PDGFRA, which were directly associated with the disease. Pairs of different mutations in the same exon of KIT, or KIT mutations coupled with pairs of mutations in PDGFRA, were detected in a small number of patients. Imatinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor and is the first line targeted treatment for GIST, resulting in markedly improved survival rates. Thus, gene mutation genotyping may provide inspiration and guidance for imatinib-based targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Xu
- Department of Pathology, The General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Wu-Long Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014030, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Yan Lv
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Shan Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, The General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Da Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Wang Tian
- Department of Pathology, The General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
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Tanaka Y, Kanda M, Sugimoto H, Shimizu D, Sueoka S, Takami H, Ezaka K, Hashimoto R, Okamura Y, Iwata N, Tanaka C, Yamada S, Fujii T, Nakayama G, Koike M, Nomoto S, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. Translational implication of Kallmann syndrome-1 gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2546-54. [PMID: 25892360 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of epigenetic alterations causes inactivation of tumor suppressors and contributes to the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Identification of methylated genes is necessary to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of HCC and develop novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The Kallmann syndrome-1 (KAL1) gene encodes an extracellular matrix-related protein with diverse oncological functions. However, the function of KAL1 in HCC has not been examined. We investigated the methylation status of the KAL1 promoter region in HCC cell lines, and evaluated KAL1 mRNA levels and those of genes encoding potential interacting cell adhesion factors. KAL1 mRNA expression level was heterogeneous in nine HCC cell lines, and reactivation of KAL1 mRNA expression was observed in cells with promoter hypermethylation of KAL1 gene after demethylation. In addition, KAL1 mRNA levels inversely correlated with those of ezrin in all nine HCC cell lines. KAL1 expression levels in 144 pairs of surgically-resected tissues were determined and correlated to clinicopathological parameters. KAL1 mRNA level was independent of the background liver status, whereas HCC tissues showed significantly lower KAL1 mRNA levels than corresponding noncancerous liver tissues. Downregulation of KAL1 mRNA in HCC was significantly associated with malignant phenotype characteristics, including elevated tumor markers, larger tumor size, vascular invasion, and hypermethylation of KAL1. Patients with downregulation of KAL1 were more likely to have a shorter overall survival than other patients, and multivariate analysis identified downregulation of KAL1 as an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.11-3.90, P=0.022). Our results indicated that KAL1 may act as a putative tumor suppressor in HCC and is inactivated by promoter hypermethylation. KAL1 may serve as a biomarker of malignant phenotype of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Dai Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sueoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideki Takami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ezaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryoji Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Okamura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shunto, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Goro Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shuji Nomoto
- Department of Surgery, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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