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Pei L, Hickman HD. T Cell Surveillance during Cutaneous Viral Infections. Viruses 2024; 16:679. [PMID: 38793562 PMCID: PMC11126121 DOI: 10.3390/v16050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is a complex tissue that provides a strong physical barrier against invading pathogens. Despite this, many viruses can access the skin and successfully replicate in either the epidermal keratinocytes or dermal immune cells. In this review, we provide an overview of the antiviral T cell biology responding to cutaneous viral infections and how these responses differ depending on the cellular targets of infection. Much of our mechanistic understanding of T cell surveillance of cutaneous infection has been gained from murine models of poxvirus and herpesvirus infection. However, we also discuss other viral infections, including flaviviruses and papillomaviruses, in which the cutaneous T cell response has been less extensively studied. In addition to the mechanisms of successful T cell control of cutaneous viral infection, we highlight knowledge gaps and future directions with possible impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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2
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Passive Immunization with a Single Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects against Cutaneous and Mucosal Mouse Papillomavirus Infections. J Virol 2022; 96:e0070322. [PMID: 35920658 PMCID: PMC9400481 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00703-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have established a mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) model that induces both cutaneous and mucosal infections and cancers. In the current study, we use this model to test our hypothesis that passive immunization using a single neutralizing monoclonal antibody can protect both cutaneous and mucosal sites at different time points after viral inoculation. We conducted a series of experiments involving the administration of either a neutralizing monoclonal antibody, MPV.A4, or control monoclonal antibodies to both outbred and inbred athymic mice. Three clinically relevant mucosal sites (lower genital tract for females and anus and tongue for both males and females) and two cutaneous sites (muzzle and tail) were tested. At the termination of the experiments, all tested tissues were harvested for virological analyses. Significantly lower levels of viral signals were detected in the MPV.A4-treated female mice up to 6 h post-viral inoculation compared to those in the isotype control. Interestingly, males displayed partial protection when they received MPV.A4 at the time of viral inoculation, even though they were completely protected when receiving MPV.A4 at 24 h before viral inoculation. We detected MPV.A4 in the blood starting at 1 h and up to 8 weeks postadministration in some mice. Parallel to these in vivo studies, we conducted in vitro neutralization using a mouse keratinocyte cell line and observed complete neutralization up to 8 h post-viral inoculation. Thus, passive immunization with a monoclonal neutralizing antibody can protect against papillomavirus infection at both cutaneous and mucosal sites and is time dependent. IMPORTANCE This is the first study testing a single monoclonal neutralizing antibody (MPV.A4) by passive immunization against papillomavirus infections at both cutaneous and mucosal sites in the same host in the mouse papillomavirus model. We demonstrated that MPV.A4 administered before viral inoculation can protect both male and female athymic mice against MmuPV1 infections at cutaneous and mucosal sites. MPV.A4 also offers partial protection at 6 h post-viral inoculation in female mice. MPV.A4 can be detected in the blood from 1 h to 8 weeks after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Interestingly, males were only partially protected when they received MPV.A4 at the time of viral inoculation. The failed protection in males was due to the absence of neutralizing MPV.A4 at the infected sites. Our findings suggest passive immunization with a single monoclonal neutralizing antibody can protect against diverse papillomavirus infections in a time-dependent manner in mice.
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Small DNA tumor viruses and human cancer: Preclinical models of virus infection and disease. Tumour Virus Res 2022; 14:200239. [PMID: 35636683 PMCID: PMC9194455 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2022.200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tumor viruses cause various human cancers that account for at least 15% of the global cancer burden. Among the currently identified human tumor viruses, two are small DNA tumor viruses: human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). The study of small DNA tumor viruses (adenoviruses, polyomaviruses, and papillomaviruses) has facilitated several significant biological discoveries and established some of the first animal models of virus-associated cancers. The development and use of preclinical in vivo models to study HPVs and MCPyV and their role in human cancer is the focus of this review. Important considerations in the design of animal models of small DNA tumor virus infection and disease, including host range, cell tropism, choice of virus isolates, and the ability to recapitulate human disease, are presented. The types of infection-based and transgenic model strategies that are used to study HPVs and MCPyV, including their strengths and limitations, are also discussed. An overview of the current models that exist to study HPV and MCPyV infection and neoplastic disease are highlighted. These comparative models provide valuable platforms to study various aspects of virus-associated human disease and will continue to expand knowledge of human tumor viruses and their relationship with their hosts.
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Spurgeon ME, Lambert PF. Mus musculus Papillomavirus 1: a New Frontier in Animal Models of Papillomavirus Pathogenesis. J Virol 2020; 94:e00002-20. [PMID: 32051276 PMCID: PMC7163119 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00002-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of viral pathogenesis are essential tools in human disease research. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a significant public health issue due to their widespread sexual transmission and oncogenic potential. Infection-based models of papillomavirus pathogenesis have been complicated by their strict species and tissue specificity. In this Gem, we discuss the discovery of a murine papillomavirus, Mus musculus papillomavirus 1 (MmuPV1), and how its experimental use represents a major advancement in models of papillomavirus-induced pathogenesis/carcinogenesis, and their transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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5
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Immunity to commensal papillomaviruses protects against skin cancer. Nature 2019; 575:519-522. [PMID: 31666702 PMCID: PMC6872936 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunosuppression increases the risk of cancers associated with viral
infection1. In
particular, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin has a >100-fold
increased risk in immunosuppressed patients and has been associated with beta
human papillomavirus (β-HPV) infection2–4. Previous
studies, however, have failed to establish a causative role for HPVs in driving
skin cancer development. Herein, we provide an alternative explanation for this
association by demonstrating that the T cell immunity against commensal
papillomaviruses suppresses skin cancer in immunocompetent hosts. The loss of
this immunity, rather than the oncogenic effect of HPVs, is the reason for the
markedly increased risk of skin cancer in immunosuppressed patients. To
investigate the impact of papillomavirus on carcinogen-driven skin cancer, we
colonized several strains of immunocompetent mice with mouse papillomavirus type
1 (MmuPV1)5. Mice with natural
anti-MmuPV1 immunity after colonization and acquired immunity due to T cell
transfer from immune mice or MmuPV1 vaccination were protected against chemical-
and ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin carcinogenesis in a CD8+ T
cell-dependent manner. RNA and DNA in situ hybridizations for 25 commensal
β-HPVs revealed a significant reduction in viral activity and load in
human skin cancer compared to the adjacent normal skin, suggesting a strong
immune selection against virus-positive malignant cells. Consistently,
β-HPV E7 peptides activated CD8+ T cells from normal human
skin. Our findings reveal a beneficial role for commensal viruses and establish
the foundation for novel immune-based approaches to block skin cancer
development by boosting immunity against the commensal HPVs present in all of
our skin.
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Meyers JM, Grace M, Uberoi A, Lambert PF, Munger K. Inhibition of TGF-β and NOTCH Signaling by Cutaneous Papillomaviruses. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:389. [PMID: 29568286 PMCID: PMC5852067 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with cutaneous papillomaviruses have been linked to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas that arise in patients who suffer from a rare genetic disorder, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, or those who have experienced long-term, systemic immunosuppression following organ transplantation. The E6 proteins of the prototypical cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) 5 and HPV8 inhibit TGF-β and NOTCH signaling. The Mus musculus papillomavirus 1, MmuPV1, infects laboratory mouse strains and causes cutaneous skin warts that can progress to squamous cell carcinomas. MmuPV1 E6 shares biological and biochemical activities with HPV8 E6 including the ability to inhibit TGF-β and NOTCH signaling by binding the SMAD2/SMAD3 and MAML1 transcription factors, respectively. Inhibition of TGF-β and NOTCH signaling is linked to delayed differentiation and sustained proliferation of differentiating keratinocytes. Furthermore, the ability of MmuPV1 E6 to bind MAML1 is necessary for wart and cancer formation in experimentally infected mice. Hence, experimental MmuPV1 infection in mice will be a robust and valuable experimental system to dissect key aspects of cutaneous HPV infection, pathogenesis, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Meyers
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Mouse papillomavirus infection persists in mucosal tissues of an immunocompetent mouse strain and progresses to cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16932. [PMID: 29208932 PMCID: PMC5717108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse papillomavirus has shown broad tissue tropism in nude mice. Previous studies have tested cutaneous infections in different immunocompromised and immunocompetent mouse strains. In the current study, we examined mucosal infection in several immunocompetent and immunocompromised mouse strains. Viral DNA was monitored periodically by Q-PCR of lavage samples. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to determine viral capsid protein and viral DNA respectively. All athymic nude mouse strains showed active infections at both cutaneous and mucosal sites. Interestingly, NOD/SCID mice, which have a deficiency in T, B, and NK cells, showed minimal disease at cutaneous sites but developed persistent infection at the mucosal sites including those of the anogenital region and the oral cavity. Three strains of immunocompetent mice supported mucosal infections. Infections of the lower genital tract in heterozygous (immunocompetent) mice of the NU/J strain progressed to high grade dysplasia and to carcinoma in situ. Anti-MmuPV1 neutralizing antibodies were detected in the sera of all immunocompetent animals. Our findings demonstrate that the mucosae may be the preferred sites for this virus in mice. The mouse model is expected to be a valuable model for the study of mucosal papillomavirus disease, progression, and host immune control.
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Cladel NM, Budgeon LR, Cooper TK, Balogh KK, Christensen ND, Myers R, Majerciak V, Gotte D, Zheng ZM, Hu J. Mouse papillomavirus infections spread to cutaneous sites with progression to malignancy. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:2520-2529. [PMID: 28942760 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report secondary cutaneous infections in the mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1)/mouse model. Our previous study demonstrated that cutaneous MmuPV1 infection could spread to mucosal sites. Recently, we observed that mucosal infections could also spread to various cutaneous sites including the back, tail, muzzle and mammary tissues. The secondary site lesions were positive for viral DNA, viral capsid protein and viral particles as determined by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy analyses, respectively. We also demonstrated differential viral production and tumour growth at different secondarily infected skin sites. For example, fewer viral particles were detected in the least susceptible back tissues when compared with those in the infected muzzle and tail, although similar amounts of viral DNA were detected. Follow-up studies demonstrated that significantly lower amounts of viral DNA were packaged in the back lesions. Lavages harvested from the oral cavity and lower genital tracts were equally infectious at both cutaneous and mucosal sites, supporting the broad tissue tropism of this papillomavirus. Importantly, two secondary skin lesions on the forearms of two mice displayed a malignant phenotype at about 9.5 months post-primary infection. Therefore, MmuPV1 induces not only dysplasia at mucosal sites such as the vagina, anus and oral cavity but also skin carcinoma at cutaneous sites. These findings demonstrate that MmuPV1 mucosal infection can be spread to cutaneous sites and suggest that the model could serve a useful role in the study of the viral life cycle and pathogenesis of papillomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M Cladel
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Lynn R Budgeon
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Karla K Balogh
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Neil D Christensen
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Roland Myers
- Section of Research Resources, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Vladimir Majerciak
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Deanna Gotte
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jiafen Hu
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.,The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Joh J, Chilton PM, Wilcher SA, Zahin M, Park J, Proctor ML, Ghim SJ, Jenson AB. T cell-mediated antitumor immune response eliminates skin tumors induced by mouse papillomavirus, MmuPV1. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 103:181-190. [PMID: 28939161 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of naturally occurring mouse papillomavirus (PV) MmuPV1-induced tumors in B6.Cg-Foxn1nu/nu mice suggest that T cell deficiency is necessary and sufficient for the development of such tumors. To confirm this, MmuPV1-induced tumors were transplanted from T cell-deficient mice into immunocompetent congenic mice. Consequently, the tumors regressed and eventually disappeared. The elimination of MmuPV1-infected skin/tumors in immunocompetent mice was consistent with the induction of antitumor T cell immunity. This was confirmed by adoptive cell experiments using hyperimmune splenocytes collected from graft-recipient mice. In the present study, such splenocytes were injected into T cell-deficient mice infected with MmuPV1, and they eliminated both early-stage and fully formed tumors. We clearly show that anti-tumor T cell immunity activated during tumor regression in immunocompetent mice effectively eliminates tumors developing in T cell-deficient congenic mice. The results corroborate the notion that PV-induced tumors are strongly linked to the immune status of the host, and that PV antigens are major anti-tumor antigens. Successful anti-PV T cell responses should, therefore, lead to effective anti-tumor immune therapy in human PV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joongho Joh
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Paula M Chilton
- Christine M. Kleinert Institute for Hand & Microsurgery, 225 Abraham Flexner Way, Suite 850, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Sarah A Wilcher
- Research Resources Center, 530 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maryam Zahin
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jino Park
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mary L Proctor
- Research Resources Center, 530 South Jackson Street, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shin-Je Ghim
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Alfred B Jenson
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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Hu J, Cladel NM, Budgeon LR, Balogh KK, Christensen ND. The Mouse Papillomavirus Infection Model. Viruses 2017; 9:v9090246. [PMID: 28867783 PMCID: PMC5618012 DOI: 10.3390/v9090246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) was first reported in 2011 and has since become a powerful research tool. Through collective efforts from different groups, significant progress has been made in the understanding of molecular, virological, and immunological mechanisms of MmuPV1 infections in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. This mouse papillomavirus provides, for the first time, the opportunity to study papillomavirus infections in the context of a small common laboratory animal for which abundant reagents are available and for which many strains exist. The model is a major step forward in the study of papillomavirus disease and pathology. In this review, we summarize studies using MmuPV1 over the past six years and share our perspectives on the value of this unique model system. Specifically, we discuss viral pathogenesis in cutaneous and mucosal tissues as well as in different mouse strains, immune responses to the virus, and local host-restricted factors that may be involved in MmuPV1 infections and associated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafen Hu
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Nancy M Cladel
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Lynn R Budgeon
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Karla K Balogh
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Neil D Christensen
- The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Lin YY, Yu MW, Lin SM, Lee SD, Chen CL, Chen DS, Chen PJ. Genome-wide association analysis identifies a GLUL haplotype for familial hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 2017; 123:3966-3976. [PMID: 28662289 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A family history of liver cancer increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by 2-fold to 10-fold among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). Previous genome-wide association studies have identified many possible susceptible loci associated with sporadic HBV-related HCC. However, despite family history being a well-known risk factor for HBV-related HCC, to the authors' knowledge its genetic mechanisms and associating loci remain largely unknown or unexplored, most likely due to the relative rarity of familial HCC and the difficulty of sample collection. METHODS The authors conducted a genome-wide association study with 139 male cases with familial HBV-related HCC and 139 non-HCC male controls with chronic HBV. The results were corroborated further with an independent cohort of 101 patients with familial HBV-related HCC and comparison with both the 1000 Genomes Project and the Taiwan Biobank. RESULTS A total of 51 risk single-nucleotide polymorphisms (P≤1E-04) were identified in the association analyses, which included 2 clusters of associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes at 1q25.3 (glutamate-ammonia ligase [GLUL]/transmembrane epididymal protein 1 [TEDDM1]/long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 272 [LINC00272]/regulator of G-protein signaling-like 1 [RGSL1]) and 17q11.2 (solute carrier family 13 member 2 [SLC13A2]/forkhead box N1 [FOXN1]). Both the GLUL and SLC13A2/FOXN1 haplotypes have large effect sizes and were found to be different from those found from genome-wide association studies of sporadic HCCs. CONCLUSIONS To the authors' knowledge, the current study is the first genome-wide association study to identify genetic factors for familial HBV-related HCC. The results identified 2 large effect susceptible haplotypes located at GLUL and SLC13A2/FOXN1. The current study findings also suggest different genetic susceptibility between familial and sporadic HBV-related HCC. Cancer 2017;123:3966-76. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Whei Yu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ming Lin
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Shinn Chen
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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