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Marco HG, Glendinning S, Ventura T, Gäde G. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) superfamily across Pancrustacea/Tetraconata: A role in metabolism? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 590:112238. [PMID: 38616035 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather G Marco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.
| | - Susan Glendinning
- Centre for BioInnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia
| | - Tomer Ventura
- Centre for BioInnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia
| | - Gerd Gäde
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
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2
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Hauser F, Stebegg M, Al-Ribaty T, Petersen LB, Møller M, Drag MH, Sigurdsson HH, Vilhelm MJ, Thygesen G, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP. The tick Ixodes scapularis has five different GPCRs specifically activated by ACP (adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:149992. [PMID: 38714013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Insects have about 50 neuropeptide genes and about 70 genes, coding for neuropeptide G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). An important, but small family of evolutionarily related insect neuropeptides consists of adipokinetic hormone (AKH), corazonin, and AKH/corazonin-related peptide (ACP). Normally, insects have one specific GPCR for each of these neuropeptides. The tick Ixodes scapularis is not an insect, but belongs to the subphylum Chelicerata, which comprises ticks, scorpions, mites, spiders, and horseshoe crabs. Many of the neuropeptides and neuropeptide GPCRs occurring in insects, also occur in chelicerates, illustrating that insects and chelicerates are evolutionarily closely related. The tick I. scapularis is an ectoparasite and health risk for humans, because it infects its human host with dangerous pathogens during a blood meal. Understanding the biology of ticks will help researchers to prevent tick-borne diseases. By annotating the I. scapularis genome sequence, we previously found that ticks contain as many as five genes, coding for presumed ACP receptors. In the current paper, we cloned these receptors and expressed each of them in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Each expressed receptor was activated by nanomolar concentrations of ACP, demonstrating that all five receptors were functional ACP receptors. Phylogenetic tree analyses showed that the cloned tick ACP receptors were mostly related to insect ACP receptors and, next, to insect AKH receptors, suggesting that ACP receptor genes and AKH receptor genes originated by gene duplications from a common ancestor. Similar duplications have probably occurred for the ligand genes, during a process of ligand/receptor co-evolution. Interestingly, chelicerates, in contrast to all other arthropods, do not have AKH or AKH receptor genes. Therefore, the ancestor of chelicerates might have lost AKH and AKH receptor genes and functionally replaced them by ACP and ACP receptor genes. For the small family of AKH, ACP, and corazonin receptors and their ligands, gene losses and gene gains occur frequently between the various ecdysozoan clades. Tardigrades, for example, which are well known for their survival in extreme environments, have as many as ten corazonin receptor genes and six corazonin peptide genes, while insects only have one of each, or none.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hauser
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marisa Stebegg
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tara Al-Ribaty
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lea B Petersen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Møller
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus H Drag
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Haraldur H Sigurdsson
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin J Vilhelm
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gedske Thygesen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cornelis J P Grimmelikhuijzen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang S, Li M, Wang N, Song Y, Peng X, Chen M. Functional characterization of two DH44R genes associated with starvation and desiccation in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105902. [PMID: 38685224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
CRF-like diuretic hormone receptor (CRF/DHR), also known as DH44R in insects, are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that play a role in regulating osmotic balance in various insect species. These receptors have the potential to be targeted for the development of insecticides. However, our understanding of the role of DHR genes in aphids, including Rhopalosiphum padi, a major wheat pest, is currently limited. In this study, we isolated and characterized two R. padi DHRs (RpDHR1 and RpDHR2). The expression levels of RpDHR1 increased after starvation and were restored after re-feeding. The expression levels of RpDHR1 gene decreased significantly 24 h after injection of dsRNA targeting the gene. Knockdown of RpDHR1 increased aphid mortality under starvation conditions (24, 36, 48 and 60 h). Under starvation and desiccation condition, the aphid mortality decreased after knockdown of RpDHR1. This is the first study to report the role of DHR genes in the starvation and desiccation response of aphids. The results suggest that RpDHR1 is involved in the resistance of R. padi to starvation and dehydration, making it a potential target for insecticide development. Novel insecticides could be created by utilizing DHR agonists to disrupt the physiological processes of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengtian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Maohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Wang J, Chai Y, Yang J, Chen K, Liu G, Luo J, Guan G, Ren Q, Yin H. Insight into Hyalomma anatolicum biology by comparative genomics analyses. Int J Parasitol 2024; 54:157-170. [PMID: 37858900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyalomma anatolicum is an obligatory blood-sucking ectoparasite and contributes to the transmission of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus, Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. Progress in exploring the adaptive strategy of this ectoparasite and developing tools to fight it has been hindered by the lack of a complete genome. Herein, we assembled the genome using diverse sources of data from multiple sequencing platforms and annotated the 1.96 Gb genome of Hy. anatolicum. Comparative genome analyses and the predicted protein encoding genes reveal unique facets of this genome, including gene family expansion associated with blood feeding and digestion, multi-gene families involved in detoxification, a great number of neuropeptides and corresponding receptors regulating tick growth, development, and reproduction, and glutathione S-transferase genes playing roles in insecticide resistance and detoxification of multiple xenobiotic factors. This high quality reference genome provides fundamental data for obtaining insights into a variety of aspects of tick biology and developing novel strategies to fight notorious tick vectors of human and animal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China.
| | - Yijun Chai
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China
| | - Jifei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China.
| | - Qiaoyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China.
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Thakur S, Park Y, Jindal V. The functional assay identified authentic interactions between CAPA peptides and the CAPA receptor isoforms in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105840. [PMID: 38582602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
CAPA neuropeptides regulate the diuresis/ antidiuresis process in insects by activating specific cognate receptor, CAPAr. In this study, we characterized the CAPAr gene (BtabCAPAr) in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Asia II 1. The two alternatively spliced isoforms of BtabCAPAr gene, BtabCAPAr-1 and BtabCAPAr-2, having six and five exons, respectively, were identified. The BtabCAPAr gene expression was highest in adult whitefly as compared to gene expression in egg, nymphal and pupal stages. Among the three putative CAPA peptides, CAPA-PVK1 and CAPA-PVK2 strongly activated the BtabCAPAr-1 with very low EC50 values of 0.067 nM and 0.053 nM, respectively, in heterologous calcium mobilization assays. None of the peptide activated the alternatively spliced isoform BtabCAPAr-2 that has lost the transmembrane segments 3 and 4. Significant levels of mortality were observed when whiteflies were fed with CAPA-PVK1 at 1.0 μM (50.0%), CAPA-PVK2 at 100.0 nM (43.8%) and CAPA-tryptoPK 1.0 μM (40.0%) at the 96 h after the treatment. This study provides valuable information to design biostable peptides to develop a class of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Thakur
- Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Punjab Agricultural University, Department of Entomology, Ludhiana, India
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Arthropod Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Vikas Jindal
- Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Punjab Agricultural University, Department of Entomology, Ludhiana, India.
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Gao H, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Tian Y, Li B. Unraveling the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily in aphids: Contractions and duplications linked to phloem feeding. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 347:114435. [PMID: 38135222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) superfamily is the largest and most diverse transmembrane receptor family, playing crucial roles in regulating various physiological processes. As one of the most destructive pests, aphids have been subject to previous studies, which revealed fewer GPCR superfamily members in Acyrthosiphon pisum and Aphis gossypii and the loss of multiple neuropeptide GPCRs. To elucidate the contraction patterns and evolutionary features of the aphid GPCR superfamily, we identified 97, 105, and 95 GPCR genes in Rhopalosiphum maidis, A. pisum, and A. gossypii, respectively. Comparative analysis and phylogenetic investigations with other hemipteran insects revealed a contracted GPCR superfamily in aphids. This contraction mainly occurred in biogenic amine receptors, GABA-B-R, and fz families, and several neuropeptide receptors such as ACPR, CrzR, and PTHR were completely lost. This phenomenon may be related to the parasitic nature of aphids. Additionally, several GPCRs associated with aphid feeding and water balance underwent duplication, including Lkr, NPFR, CCHa1-R, and DH-R, Type A LGRs, but the SK/CCKLR that inhibits feeding was completely lost, indicating changes in feeding genes that underpin the aphid's prolonged phloem feeding behavior. Furthermore, we observed fine-tuning in opsins, with reduced long-wavelength opsins and additional duplications of short-wavelength opsin, likely associated with daytime activity. Lastly, we found variations in the number of mthl genes in aphids. In conclusion, our investigation sheds light on the GPCR superfamily in aphids, revealing its association with diet lifestyle and laying the foundation for understanding and developing control strategies for the aphid GPCR superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanxiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianzhen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Kazemi Alamouti M, Majdi M, Talebi R, Dastranj M, Bandani A, Hossini Salekdeh G, Reza Ghaffari M. Transcriptome wide identification of neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton. Gene 2024; 893:147911. [PMID: 37863301 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps Puton) is major wheat pest causing economic damage. Neuropeptides and their receptors, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are involved in the regulation of insect physiology and behavior. Herein, a transcriptome-wide analysis was conducted in order to identify genes encoding neuropeptides, and putative GPCRs to gain insight into neuropeptide-modulated processes. De novo transcriptome assembly was undertaken using paired-end sequence reads derived from RNA samples collected from whole adults and yielded 582,398 contigs. In total, 46 neuropeptides have been identified, encompassing various known insect neuropeptide families. In addition, we discovered four previously uncharacterized neuroparsin peptides, which contributes to our understanding of the neuropeptide landscape. Furthermore, 85 putative neuropeptide GPCRs were identified, comprising three classes of GPCRs, A, B, C, and LGR, of which class C is not widely reported in insects. In addition, the identified GPCRs exhibited a remarkable 80% homology with the GPCRs found in the brown marmorated stink bug. It is noteworthy that these GPCRs displayed only a 20% homology to GPCRs from many other insect species. This information may be used to understand the neuropeptide-modulated physiology and behavior of Eurygaster integriceps, and to develop specific neuropeptide-based pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrbano Kazemi Alamouti
- Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box: 416, Sanandaj, Iran; Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Majdi
- Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box: 416, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Reza Talebi
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dastranj
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Bandani
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Ghaffari
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
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Hauser F, Al-Ribaty T, Stebegg M, Thygesen G, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP. Cloning and deorphanization of three inotocin (insect oxytocin/vasopressin-like) receptors and their ligand from the tick Ixodes scapularis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 680:34-41. [PMID: 37716155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Many insects produce the cyclic neuropeptide inotocin (CLITNCPRGamide), which is the insect orthologue of the mammalian neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin. These insects also have one inotocin G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which is the orthologue of the mammalian oxytocin and vasopressin receptors. The tick Ixodes scapularis belongs to the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod taxon different from insects, to which also spiders, scorpions, and mites belong. I. scapularis is an ectoparasite and a health risk for humans, because it transfers pathogenic microorganisms to its human host during a blood meal, thereby causing serious neurological diseases, among them Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). By annotating the genomic sequence of I. scapularis, we previously found one presumed tick inotocin preprohormone gene and, in contrast to insects, three genes coding for presumed inotocin GPCRs. We now find that these GPCR genes cluster on one genomic contig, suggesting that they originated by recent gene duplications. Closely located on the same contig are also four adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide (ACP) GPCR genes, and one crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) GPCR gene, suggesting evolutionary relationships. These evolutionary relationships are confirmed by phylogenetic tree analyses of their gene products. We also cloned the tick inotocin preprohormone, which has a structural organization closely resembling mammalian oxytocin and vasopressin preprohormones, including the presence of a conserved neurophysin sequence, having seven cystine bridges. This neurophysin sequence has two cystine-knot domains, but in contrast to mammalian neurophysins, the tick neurophysin contains a canonical prohormone convertase cleavage signal and a peptide C-terminal amidation sequence (GKR), suggesting cleavage into two biologically active cystine-knot peptides. This cleavage/amidation sequence occurs in neurophysins from most hard tick species, but not in other chelicerates. Mature tick inotocin is different from insect inotocin and has the sequence CFITNCPPGamide. Finally, we cloned and stably expressed the three tick inotocin receptors in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells and found that each of them was activated by nanomolar concentrations of tick inotocin (EC50 for ITR1 = 1.6 × 10-8 M; EC50 for ITR2 = 5.8 × 10-9 M; EC50 for ITR3 = 9.3 × 10-9 M), thereby establishing that they are genuine tick inotocin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hauser
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tara Al-Ribaty
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marisa Stebegg
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gedske Thygesen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cornelis J P Grimmelikhuijzen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Zhang Y, Yu Y, Qian M, Gui W, Shah AZ, Xu G, Yang G. Characterization and functional analysis of an α-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105509. [PMID: 37532362 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
As an important biogenic amine in invertebrates and corresponding to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine in vertebrates, octopamine (OA) regulates diverse physiological and behavioral processes by binding to specific octopamine receptors (OARs) in invertebrates. At present, OARs have been identified and characterized in several insects. However, less is known about the OARs of Laodelphax striatellus, one of the most destructive pests in East Asian rice fields. In the present study, an α1-adrenergic-like OAR (LsOA1) from L. striatellus was cloned. LsOA1 has the typical characteristics of G-protein coupled receptors and is clustered with other insect homologs. The transcript level of LsOA1 varied in various stages and tissues, and was highly expressed at the egg stage and in the brain. Silencing of LsOA1 causes a reduction in vitellogenin (LsVg) and vitellogenin receptor (LsVgR) expression. Although LsOA1 interference did not affect the fecundity and survival of L. striatellus, the hatching rate of L. striatellus was significantly reduced, and the hatching period was prolonged. The decrease in the amount of honeydew excreted after silencing LsOA1 indicates that LsOA1 may be involved in regulating the feeding behavior of L. striatellus. In addition, the interference of LsOA1 significantly reduced the expression of capsid protein (CP) and viral RNA3 segment (RNA3) in rice stripe virus (RSV)-viruliferous L. striatellus, but did not affect the vertical transmission rate of RSV. The present study demonstrated that LsOA1 played a crucial role in the physiological and behavioral processes of L. striatellus, which will provide the basis for developing a new target gene for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youxin Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingshi Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Gui
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Amir Zaman Shah
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Gang Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Guoqing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Gao H, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang S, Feng F, Tang J, Li B. Comparative study of neuropeptide signaling systems in Hemiptera. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:705-724. [PMID: 36165207 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous physiological processes in insects are tightly regulated by neuropeptides and their receptors. Although they form an ancient signaling system, there is still a great deal of variety in neuropeptides and their receptors among different species within the same order. Neuropeptides and their receptors have been documented in many hemipteran insects, but the differences among them have been poorly characterized. Commercial grapevines worldwide are plagued by the bug Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha). Here, 33 neuropeptide precursors and 48 putative neuropeptide G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes were identified in D. vitifoliae. Their expression profiles at the probe and feeding stages reflected potential regulatory roles in probe behavior. By comparison, we found that the Releasing Hormone-Related Peptides (GnRHs) system of Sternorrhyncha was differentiated from those of the other 2 suborders in Hemiptera. Independent secondary losses of the adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide receptor (ACP) and corazonin (CRZ) occurred during the evolution of Sternorrhyncha. Additionally, we discovered that the neuropeptide signaling systems of Sternorrhyncha were very different from those of Heteroptera and Auchenorrhyncha, which was consistent with Sternorrhyncha's phylogenetic position at the base of the order. This research provides more knowledge on neuropeptide systems and sets the groundwork for the creation of novel D. vitifoliae management strategies that specifically target these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanxiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suisui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Li J, Lv H, Li X, Yao Y, Li J, Ma K. Identification and expression analysis of G protein-coupled receptors in the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:115-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Li M, Li B, Yang Q, Li Y, Wu J, Xu X. Identification of the neuropeptide gene family and feeding regulation by neuropeptide Y in Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:676-687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Hauser F, Koch TL, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP. Review: The evolution of peptidergic signaling in Cnidaria and Placozoa, including a comparison with Bilateria. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:973862. [PMID: 36213267 PMCID: PMC9545775 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.973862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilateria have bilateral symmetry and are subdivided into Deuterostomia (animals like vertebrates) and Protostomia (animals like insects and mollusks). Neuropeptides occur in both Proto- and Deuterostomia and they are frequently structurally related across these two lineages. For example, peptides belonging to the oxytocin/vasopressin family exist in both clades. The same is true for the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of these peptides. These observations suggest that these neuropeptides and their GPCRs were already present in the common ancestor of Proto- and Deuterostomia, which lived about 700 million years ago (MYA). Furthermore, neuropeptides and their GPCRs occur in two early-branching phyla that diverged before the emergence of Bilateria: Cnidaria (animals like corals and sea anemones), and Placozoa (small disk-like animals, feeding on algae). The sequences of these neuropeptides and their GPCRs, however, are not closely related to those from Bilateria. In addition, cnidarian neuropeptides and their receptors are not closely related to those from Placozoa. We propose that the divergence times between Cnidaria, Placozoa, and Bilateria might be too long for recognizing sequence identities. Leucine-rich repeats-containing GPCRs (LGRs) are a special class of GPCRs that are characterized by a long N-terminus containing 10-20 leucine-rich domains, which are used for ligand binding. Among the ligands for LGRs are dimeric glycoprotein hormones, and insulin-like peptides, such as relaxin. LGRs have been found not only in Proto- and Deuterostomia, but also in early emerging phyla, such as Cnidaria and Placozoa. Humans have eight LGRs. In our current review, we have revisited the annotations of LGRs from the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens. We identified 13 sea anemone LGRs and no less than 46 LGRs from T. adhaerens. All eight human LGRs appear to have orthologues in sea anemones and placozoans. LGRs and their ligands, therefore, have a long evolutionary history, going back to the common ancestor of Cnidaria and Placozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Hauser
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas L. Koch
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Liu B, Fu D, Ning H, Tang M, Chen H. Identification and functional characterization of the sulfakinin and sulfakinin receptor in the Chinese white pine beetle Dendroctonus armandi. Front Physiol 2022; 13:927890. [PMID: 36035480 PMCID: PMC9417412 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.927890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The sulfakinin (SK) is an important signal molecule. As a neuromodulator, it mediates a variety of behavioral processes and physiological functions in invertebrates through the interaction with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, there is no report on the functional role of SK in the Chinese white pine beetle, Dendroctonus armandi. We have cloned and characterized SK and SKR genes in the D. armandi and carried out bioinformatics predictions on the basis of the deduced amino acid sequences, which are very similar to those from Dendroctonus ponderosa. The expression levels of the two genes were different between male and female adults, and there were significant changes in different developmental stages, tissues, and between starvation and following re-feeding states. Additionally, RNA-interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA to knock down SK and SKR reduced the transcription levels of the target genes and increased their body weight. In parallel, injection of SK caused a significant reduction in body weight and increase in mortality of D. armandi and also led to an increase in trehalose and a decrease in glycogen and free fatty acid. The results show that the SK signal pathway plays a positive and significant role in feeding regulation and provides a potential molecular target for the control of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Danyang Fu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Hang Ning
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Tang, ; Hui Chen,
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Tang, ; Hui Chen,
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Li Y, Gao H, Yu R, Zhang Y, Feng F, Tang J, Li B. Identification and characterization of G protein-coupled receptors in Spodoptera frugiperda (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 317:113976. [PMID: 35016911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (Insecta: Lepidoptera) is a destructive invasive pest feeding on various plants and causing serious damage to several economically-important crops. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cellular receptors that coordinate diverse signaling processes, associated with many physiological processes and disease states. However, less information about GPCRs had been reported in S. frugiperda, limiting the recognition of signaling system and in-depth studies of this pest. Here, a total of 167 GPCRs were identified in S. frugiperda. Compared with other insects, the GPCRs of S. frugiperda were significantly expanded. A large of tandem duplication and segmental duplication events were observed, which may be the key factor to increase the size of GPCR family. In detail, these expansion events mainly concentrate on biogenic amine receptors, neuropeptide and protein hormone receptors, which may be involved in feeding, reproduction, life span, and tolerance of S. frugiperda. Additionally, 17 Mth/Mthl members were identified in S. frugiperda, which may be similar to the evolutionary pattern of 16 Mth/Mthl members in Drosophila. Moreover, the expression patterns across different developmental stages of all GPCR genes were also analyzed. Among these, most of the GPCR genes are poorly expressed in S. frugiperda and some highly expressed GPCR genes help S. frugiperda adapt to the environment better, such as Rh6 and AkhR. In this study, all GPCRs in S. frugiperda were identified for the first time, which provided a basis for further revealing the role of these receptors in the physiological and behavioral regulation of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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16
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Xu Z, Wei Y, Huang H, Guo S, Ye H. Immunomodulatory role of short neuropeptide F in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104260. [PMID: 34536467 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Short neuropeptide F (sNPF) is bioactive peptide secreted by neurons of invertebrates. It is one of the important pleiotropic neural molecules that is associated with a variety of physiological processes in invertebrates. However, little is known about the role of sNPF in the immune response. This study aimed to determine the distribution, localization, functional characteristics and signaling mechanisms of the sNPF gene and sNPF receptor (sNPF-R) gene in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Results of this study showed that Sp-sNPF and Sp-sNPF-R were widely expressed in neural tissue and other tissues including hemocytes. Further, in situ hybridization analysis revealed that Sp-sNPF and Sp-sNPF-R have specific localization in cerebral ganglion and hemocytes. It was also found that immune stimuli significantly induced Sp-sNPF expression in cerebral ganglion. The hemocyte-derived Sp-sNPF and Sp-sNPF-R were also efficiently activated upon immune stimulation. In vitro sNPF peptide administration enhanced phagocytic ability of hemocytes. However, this activity could be blocked through knockdown of sNPF-R-dsRNA or using adenylate cyclase inhibitors SQ 22536. The results of this study also demonstrated that the contents of signaling molecule adenylyl cyclase (AC), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) in hemocytes can be up-regulated after incubation with sNPF peptide. In addition, the results of in vivo experiments showed that sNPF increased concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and enhanced phagocytic potential in S. paramamosain. The sNPF also significantly induced the expression of immune-related molecules at the gene level in S. paramamosain. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that sNPF mediates hemocyte phagocytosis via sNPF-R receptor-coupled AC-cAMP-PKA pathway and influences the innate immune processes in S. paramamosain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanning Xu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yujie Wei
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huiyang Huang
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Haihui Ye
- College of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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17
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Li J, Zhu Z, Bi J, Feng Q, Beerntsen BT, Song Q. Neuropeptide Bursicon Influences Reproductive Physiology in Tribolium Castaneum. Front Physiol 2021; 12:717437. [PMID: 34744761 PMCID: PMC8567023 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.717437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bursicon is a neuropeptide belonging to the cystine knot family and is composed of burs and partner of burs (pburs) subunits. It can form heterodimers or homodimers to execute different biological functions. Bursicon heterodimers regulate cuticle sclerotization and wing maturation, whereas bursicon homodimers mediate innate immunity and midgut stem cell proliferation. A recent study has shown that bursicon potentially induces the expression of vitellogenin (Vg) in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of bursicon in the reproductive physiology of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. The knockdown of burs, pburs, or its receptor T. castaneum rickets (Tcrk) in 2-day pupae significantly downregulated the expression levels of Vg1, Vg2, and Vg receptor (VgR) genes in females 3- and 5-day post-adult emergence, leading to abnormal oocytes with limited Vg content. The silencing of burs repressed the number of eggs laid and completely inhibited egg hatch, whereas the silencing of pburs dramatically decreased the number of eggs laid, hatch rate, and offspring larval size, and this RNA interference (RNAi) effects persisted to the next generation. Furthermore, the knockdown of burs or pburs downregulated the expression of the insulin/insulin-like signaling/target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling genes encoding insulin receptor (InR), protein kinase B (Akt), TOR, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K). Most importantly, the injection of recombinant pburs (r-pburs) protein was able to upregulate the expression of Vg, VgR, InR, Akt, TOR, S6K, JH synthesis (JHAMT), Methoprene-tolerant (Met), and Taiman (Tai) in normal females and rescue the expression of Vg and VgR in pburs RNAi females but failed to rescue Vg and VgR in Tcrk knockdown females. We infer that bursicon homodimers influence Vg expression via the receptor Tcrk, possibly by mediating the expression of the juvenile hormone (JH) and IIS/TOR pathway genes, thereby regulating reproduction in T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zidan Zhu
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology and School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxiu Bi
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Institution of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Qili Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology and School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Brenda T Beerntsen
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Liu T, Zhan X, Yu Y, Wang S, Lu C, Lin G, Zhu X, He W, You M, You S. Molecular and pharmacological characterization of biogenic amine receptors from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4462-4475. [PMID: 34004073 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Insect biogenic amines play important roles in mediating behavioral and physiological processes. They exert their effects by binding to biogenic amine receptors (BARs), which are specific receptor proteins in the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. BAR genes have been cloned and characterized from multiple model insects, including Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiae, Bombyx mori, Apis mellifera and Tribolium castaneum. However, relatively little work has addressed the molecular properties, expression profiles, and pharmacological characterization of BARs from other insects, including important pests. RESULTS In this study, we cloned 17 genes encoding putative biogenic amine receptor proteins from Plutella xylostella, a global pest of Brassica crops. These PxBAR genes were five octopamine receptors (PxOA1, PxOA2B1, PxOA2B2, PxOA2B3, and PxOA3), three tyramine receptors (PxTAR1A, PxTAR1B, and PxTAR2), four dopamine receptors (PxDOP1, PxDOP2, PxDOP3, and PxDopEcR), and five serotonin receptors (Px5-HT1A , Px5-HT1B , Px5-HT2A , Px5-HT2B , and Px5-HT7 ). All PxBARs showed considerable sequence identity with orthologous BARs, and phylogenetic analysis clustered the receptors within their respective groups while preserving organismal evolutionary relationships. We investigated their molecular properties and expression profiles, and pharmacologically characterized the dopamine receptor, PxDOP2. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides important information and resources on biogenic amine receptors from P. xylostella, which suggests potential target sites for controlling this pest species. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xue Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shaozhen Wang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guifang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shijun You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Szymczak-Cendlak M, Gołębiowski M, Chowański S, Pacholska-Bogalska J, Marciniak P, Rosiński G, Słocińska M. Sulfakinins influence lipid composition and insulin-like peptides level in oenocytes of Zophobas atratus beetles. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 192:15-25. [PMID: 34415387 PMCID: PMC8816747 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Insect sulfakinins are pleiotropic neuropeptides with the homology to vertebrate gastrin/cholecystokinin peptide family. They have been identified in many insect species and affect different metabolic processes. They have a strong influence on feeding and digestion as well as on carbohydrate and lipid processing. Our study reveals that sulfakinins influence fatty acids composition in Zophobas atratus oenocytes and regulate insulin-like peptides (ILPs) level in these cells. Oenocytes are cells responsible for maintenance of the body homeostasis and have an important role in the regulation of intermediary metabolism, especially of lipids. To analyze the lipid composition in oenocytes after sulfakinins injections we used gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry and for ILPs level determination an immunoenzymatic test was used. Because sulfakinin peptides and their receptors are the main components of sulfakinin signaling, we also analyzed the presence of sulfakinin receptor transcript (SKR2) in insect tissues. We have identified for the first time the sulfakinin receptor transcript (SKR2) in insect oenocytes and found its distribution more widespread in the peripheral tissues (gut, fat body and haemolymph) as well as in the nervous and neuro-endocrine systems (brain, ventral nerve cord, corpora cardiaca/corpora allata CC/CA) of Z. atratus larvae. The presence of sulfakinin receptor transcript (SKR2) in oenocytes suggests that observed effects on oenocytes lipid and ILPs content may result from direction action of these peptides on oenocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Szymczak-Cendlak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - M Gołębiowski
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - S Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - J Pacholska-Bogalska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - G Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Słocińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Zheng H, Zeng B, Shang T, Zhou S. Identification of G protein-coupled receptors required for vitellogenesis and egg development in an insect with panoistic ovary. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1005-1017. [PMID: 32537938 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of integral transmembrane proteins regulate a variety of physiological processes in insects. Juvenile hormone (JH) is known to stimulate Vitellogenin (Vg) synthesis in the fat body, secretion into the hemolymph and uptake by developing oocytes. However, the role of GPCRs in JH-dependent insect vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation remains elusive. In the present study, we performed transcriptomic analysis and RNA interference (RNAi) screening in vitellogenic females of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria. Of 22 GPCRs identified in ovarian transcriptome, LGR4, OR-A1, OR-A2, Mthl1, Mthl5 and Smo were most abundant in the ovary. By comparison, mAChR-C expressed at higher levels in the fat body, whereas Oct/TyrR, OARβ, AdoR and ADGRA3 were at higher expression levels in the brain. Our RNAi screening demonstrated that knockdown of six GPCRs resulted in defective phenotypes of Vg accumulation in developing oocytes, accompanied by blocked ovarian development and impaired oocyte maturation. While LGR4 and Oct/TyrR appeared to control Vg synthesis in the fat body, OR-A1, OR-A2, mAChR-C and CirlL regulated Vg transportation and uptake. The findings provide fundamental evidence for deciphering the regulatory mechanisms of GPCRs in JH-stimulated insect reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Baojuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Tiantian Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
| | - Shutang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China
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Cheng J, Yang X, Tian Z, Shen Z, Wang X, Zhu L, Liu X, Li Z, Liu X. Coordinated transcriptomics and peptidomics of central nervous system identify neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 40:100882. [PMID: 34273641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta is a cosmopolitan pest of orchard, which causes serious economic losses to the fruit production. Neuropeptides and their specific receptors (primarily G protein-coupled receptors, GPCRs) regulate multiple biological functions in insects and represent promising next-generation pest management strategy. Here, we generated a transcriptome of the central nervous system (CNS) of G. molesta. Overall, 57 neuropeptide precursor genes were identified and 128 various mature peptides were predicted from these precursors. Using peptidomic analysis of CNS of G. molesta, we identified total of 28 mature peptides and precursor-related peptides from 16 precursors. A total of 41 neuropeptide GPCR genes belonging to three classes were also identified. These GPCRs and their probable ligands were predicted. Additionally, expression patterns of these 98 genes in various larval tissues were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR. Taken together, these results will benefit further investigations to determine physiological functions and pharmacological characterization of neuropeptides and their GPCRs in G. molesta; and to develop specific neuropeptide-based agents for this tortricid fruit pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuelin Yang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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22
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Urbański A, Konopińska N, Lubawy J, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Marciniak P, Rolff J. A possible role of tachykinin-related peptide on an immune system activity of mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor L. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 120:104065. [PMID: 33705792 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are important neuropeptides. Here we show that they affect the insect immune system, especially the cellular response. We also identify and predict the sequence and structure of the tachykinin-related peptide receptor (TRPR) and confirm the presence of expression of gene encoding TRPR on Tenebrio molitor haemocytes. After application of the Tenmo-TRP-7 in T. molitor the number of circulating haemocytes increased and the number of haemocytes participating in phagocytosis of latex beads decreased in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Also, Tenmo-TRP-7 affects the adhesion ability of haemocytes. Six hours after injection of Tenmo-TRP-7, a decrease of haemocyte surface area was observed under both tested Tenmo-TRP-7 concentrations (10-7 and 10-5 M). The opposite effect was reported 24 h after injection, which indicates that the influence of Tenmo-TRP-7 on modulation of haemocyte behaviour differs at different stages of stress response. Tenmo-TRP-7 application also resulted in increased phenoloxidase activity 6 and 24 h after injection. The assessment of DNA integrity of haemocytes showed that the injection of Tenmo-TRP-7 at 10-7 M led to a decrease in DNA damage compared to control individuals. This effect was only visible 6 h after Tenmo-TRP-7 application. After 24 h, Tenmo-TRP-7 injection increased DNA damage. We also confirmed the expression of immune-related genes in nervous tissue of T. molitor. Transcripts for genes encoding receptors participating in pathogen recognition processes and antimicrobial peptides were detected in T. molitor brain, retrocerebral complex and ventral nerve cord. These results may indicate a role of the insect nervous system in pathogen recognition and modulation of immune response similar to vertebrates. Taken together, our results support the notion that tachykinin-related peptides probably play an important role in the regulation of the insect immune system. Moreover, some resemblances with action of tachykinin-related peptides and substance P showed that insects can be potential model organisms for analysis of hormonal regulation of conserved innate immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Urbański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland; HiProMine S.A, Poznańska Str. 8, 62-023, Robakowo, Poland.
| | - N Konopińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - J Lubawy
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Walkowiak-Nowicka
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego Str. 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - J Rolff
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Liu N, Li T, Wang Y, Liu S. G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Insects-A Potential Target for New Insecticide Development. Molecules 2021; 26:2993. [PMID: 34069969 PMCID: PMC8157829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in cell biology and insects' physiological processes, toxicological response and the development of insecticide resistance. New information on genome sequences, proteomic and transcriptome analysis and expression patterns of GPCRs in organs such as the central nervous system in different organisms has shown the importance of these signaling regulatory GPCRs and their impact on vital cell functions. Our growing understanding of the role played by GPCRs at the cellular, genome, transcriptome and tissue levels is now being utilized to develop new targets that will sidestep many of the problems currently hindering human disease control and insect pest management. This article reviews recent work on the expression and function of GPCRs in insects, focusing on the molecular complexes governing the insect physiology and development of insecticide resistance and examining the genome information for GPCRs in two medically important insects, mosquitoes and house flies, and their orthologs in the model insect species Drosophila melanogaster. The tissue specific distribution and expression of the insect GPCRs is discussed, along with fresh insights into practical aspects of insect physiology and toxicology that could be fundamental for efforts to develop new, more effective, strategies for pest control and resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (T.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shikai Liu
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
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24
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Liu N, Wang Y, Li T, Feng X. G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs): Signaling Pathways, Characterization, and Functions in Insect Physiology and Toxicology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105260. [PMID: 34067660 PMCID: PMC8156084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are known to play central roles in the physiology of many organisms. Members of this seven α-helical transmembrane protein family transduce the extracellular signals and regulate intracellular second messengers through coupling to heterotrimeric G-proteins, adenylate cyclase, cAMPs, and protein kinases. As a result of the critical function of GPCRs in cell physiology and biochemistry, they not only play important roles in cell biology and the medicines used to treat a wide range of human diseases but also in insects’ physiological functions. Recent studies have revealed the expression and function of GPCRs in insecticide resistance, improving our understanding of the molecular complexes governing the development of insecticide resistance. This article focuses on the review of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways in insect physiology, including insects’ reproduction, growth and development, stress responses, feeding, behaviors, and other physiological processes. Hormones and polypeptides that are involved in insect GPCR regulatory pathways are reviewed. The review also gives a brief introduction of GPCR pathways in organisms in general. At the end of the review, it provides the recent studies on the function of GPCRs in the development of insecticide resistance, focusing in particular on our current knowledge of the expression and function of GPCRs and their downstream regulation pathways and their roles in insecticide resistance and the regulation of resistance P450 gene expression. The latest insights into the exciting technological advances and new techniques for gene expression and functional characterization of the GPCRs in insects are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (Y.W.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-334-844-5076
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (Y.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (Y.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Xuechun Feng
- Department of Biology Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
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25
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A unique Malpighian tubule architecture in Tribolium castaneum informs the evolutionary origins of systemic osmoregulation in beetles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2023314118. [PMID: 33785598 PMCID: PMC8040626 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023314118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining internal salt and water balance in response to fluctuating external conditions is essential for animal survival. This is particularly true for insects as their high surface-to-volume ratio makes them highly susceptible to osmotic stress. However, the cellular and hormonal mechanisms that mediate the systemic control of osmotic homeostasis in beetles (Coleoptera), the largest group of insects, remain largely unidentified. Here, we demonstrate that eight neurons in the brain of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum respond to internal changes in osmolality by releasing diuretic hormone (DH) 37 and DH47-homologs of vertebrate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) hormones-to control systemic water balance. Knockdown of the gene encoding the two hormones (Urinate, Urn8) reduces Malpighian tubule secretion and restricts organismal fluid loss, whereas injection of DH37 or DH47 reverses these phenotypes. We further identify a CRF-like receptor, Urinate receptor (Urn8R), which is exclusively expressed in a functionally unique secondary cell in the beetle tubules, as underlying this response. Activation of Urn8R increases K+ secretion, creating a lumen-positive transepithelial potential that drives fluid secretion. Together, these data show that beetle Malpighian tubules operate by a fundamentally different mechanism than those of other insects. Finally, we adopt a fluorescent labeling strategy to identify the evolutionary origin of this unusual tubule architecture, revealing that it evolved in the last common ancestor of the higher beetle families. Our work thus uncovers an important homeostatic program that is key to maintaining osmotic control in beetles, which evolved parallel to the radiation of the "advanced" beetle lineages.
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26
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Li J, Shi Y, Lin G, Yang C, Liu T. Genome-wide identification of neuropeptides and their receptor genes in Bemisia tabaci and their transcript accumulation change in response to temperature stresses. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:35-46. [PMID: 31912953 PMCID: PMC7818427 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Insect neuropeptides play an important role in regulating physiological functions such as growth, development, behavior and reproduction. We identified temperature-sensitive neuropeptides and receptor genes of the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. We identified 38 neuropeptide precursor genes and 35 neuropeptide receptors and constructed a phylogenetic tree using additional data from other insects. As temperature adaptability enables B. tabaci to colonize a diversity of habitats, we performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction with two temperature stresses (low = 4 °C and high = 40 °C) to screen for temperature-sensitive neuropeptides. We found many neuropeptides and receptors that may be involved in the temperature adaptability of B. tabaci. This study is the first to identify B. tabaci neuropeptides and their receptors, and it will help to reveal the roles of neuropeptides in temperature adaptation of B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang‐Jie Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Yan Shi
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Gan‐Lin Lin
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Chun‐Hong Yang
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Tong‐Xian Liu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
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27
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Birgül Iyison N, Shahraki A, Kahveci K, Düzgün MB, Gün G. Are insect GPCRs ideal next‐generation pesticides: opportunities and challenges. FEBS J 2021; 288:2727-2745. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Necla Birgül Iyison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Aida Shahraki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kübra Kahveci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mustafa Barbaros Düzgün
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Gökhan Gün
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey
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28
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Gao H, Li Y, Wang M, Song X, Tang J, Feng F, Li B. Identification and Expression Analysis of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Miridae Insect Apolygus lucorum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:773669. [PMID: 34899608 PMCID: PMC8660763 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.773669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most versatile family of transmembrane receptors in the cell and they play a vital role in the regulation of multiple physiological processes. The family Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) is one of the most diverse families of insects. Until now, information on GPCRs has been lacking in Miridae. Apolygus lucorum, a representative species of the Miridae, is an omnivorous pest that occurs worldwide and is notorious for causing serious damage to various crops and substantial economic losses. By searching the genome, 133 GPCRs were identified in A. lucorum. Compared with other model insects, we have observed GPCR genes to be remarkably expanded in A. lucorum, especially focusing on biogenic amine receptors and neuropeptide receptors. Among these, there is a novel large clade duplicated from known FMRFamide receptors (FMRFaRs). Moreover, the temporal and spatial expression profiles of the 133 genes across developmental stages were determined by transcriptome analysis. Most GPCR genes showed a low expression level in the whole organism of A. lucorum. However, there were a few highly expressed GPCR genes. The highly expressed LW opsins in the head probably relate to nocturning of A. lucorum, and the expression of Cirl at different times and in different tissues indicated it may be involved in growth and development of A. lucorum. We also found C2 leucine-rich repeat-containing GPCRs (LGRs) were mainly distributed in Hemiptera and Phthiraptera among insects. Our study was the first investigation on GPCRs in A. lucorum and it provided a molecular target for the regulation and control of Miridae pests.
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29
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Chen L, Sun J, Jin P, Hoffmann AA, Bing X, Zhao D, Xue X, Hong X. Population genomic data in spider mites point to a role for local adaptation in shaping range shifts. Evol Appl 2020; 13:2821-2835. [PMID: 33294025 PMCID: PMC7691463 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation is particularly likely in invertebrate pests that typically have short generation times and large population sizes, but there are few studies on pest species investigating local adaptation and separating this process from contemporaneous and historical gene flow. Here, we use a population genomic approach to investigate evolutionary processes in the two most dominant spider mites in China, Tetranychus truncatus Ehara and Tetranychus pueraricola Ehara et Gotoh, which have wide distributions, short generation times, and large population sizes. We generated genome resequencing of 246 spider mites mostly from China, as well as Japan and Canada at a combined total depth of 3,133×. Based on demographic reconstruction, we found that both mite species likely originated from refugia in southwestern China and then spread to other regions, with the dominant T. truncatus spreading ~3,000 years later than T. pueraricola. Estimated changes in population sizes of the pests matched known periods of glaciation and reinforce the recent expansion of the dominant spider mites. T. truncatus showed a greater extent of local adaptation with more genes (76 vs. 17) associated with precipitation, including candidates involved in regulation of homeostasis of water and ions, signal transduction, and motor skills. In both species, many genes (135 in T. truncatus and 95 in T. pueraricola) also showed signatures of selection related to elevation, including G-protein-coupled receptors, cytochrome P450s, and ABC-transporters. Our results point to historical expansion processes and climatic adaptation in these pests which could have contributed to their growing importance, particularly in the case of T. truncatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing‐Tao Sun
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Peng‐Yu Jin
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- Bio21 InstituteSchool of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Xiao‐Li Bing
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Dian‐Shu Zhao
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao‐Feng Xue
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao‐Yue Hong
- Department of EntomologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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30
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Cao X, Zhang C, Zhang R, Wang K, Dai X, Huang X, Ren Q. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 2 (LGR2) can regulate PO activity and AMP genes expression in Macrobrachium nipponense. Mol Immunol 2020; 126:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Bendena WG, Hui JHL, Chin-Sang I, Tobe SS. Neuropeptide and microRNA regulators of juvenile hormone production. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 295:113507. [PMID: 32413346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone(s) (JHs) of insects are the primary regulators of growth, metamorphosis, and reproduction in most insect species. As a consequence, it is essential that JH production be precisely regulated so that it is present only during appropriate periods necessary for the control of these processes. The presence of JH at inappropriate times results in disruption to metamorphosis and development and, in some cases, to disturbances in female reproduction. Neuropeptides regulate the timing and production of JH by the corpora allata. Allatostatin and allatotropin were the names coined for neuropeptides that serve as inhibitors or stimulators of JH biosynthesis, respectively. Three different allatostatin neuropeptide families are capable of inhibiting juvenile hormone but only one family is utilized for that purpose dependent on the insect studied. The function of allatotropin also varies in different insects. These neuropeptides are pleiotropic in function acting on diverse physiological processes in different insects such as muscle contraction, sleep and neuromodulation. Genome projects and expression studies have assigned individual neuropeptide families to their respective receptors. An understanding of the localization of these receptors is providing clues as to how numerous peptide families might be integrated in regulating physiological functions. In recent years microRNAs have been identified that down-regulate enzymes and transcription factors that are involved in the biosynthesis and action of juvenile hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Bendena
- Department of Biology and Centre for Neuroscience, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Jerome H L Hui
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ian Chin-Sang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6, Canada
| | - Stephen S Tobe
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Ramsey-Wright Bldg., 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5, Canada
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32
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Słocińska M, Chowański S, Marciniak P. Identification of sulfakinin receptors (SKR) in Tenebrio molitor beetle and the influence of sulfakinins on carbohydrates metabolism. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 190:669-679. [PMID: 32749519 PMCID: PMC7441086 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfakinins (SKs) are pleiotropic neuropeptides commonly found in insects, structurally and functionally homologous to the mammalian gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK) neuropeptides. SKs together with sulfakinin receptors (SKRs) are involved in sulfakinin signaling responsible for variety of biological functions, including food intake or fatty acid metabolism. In the present study, we determined the distribution of SKRs in Tenebrio molitor larvae and characterized the impact of nonsulfated and sulfated SKs on carbohydrates and insulin-like peptides (ILPs) level in beetle hemolymph. Our results indicate the presence of both sulfakinin receptors, SKR1 and SKR2, in the nervous system of T. molitor. The distribution of SKR2 in peripheral tissues was more widespread than SKR1, and their transcripts have been found in fat body, gut and hemolymph. This is also the first evidence for SKRs presence in insect hemocytes indicating immunotropic activity of SKs. Moreover, in the present study, we have demonstrated that SKs regulate ILPs and carbohydrates level in insect hemolymph, and that sulfation is not crucial for peptides activity. Our study confirms the role of SKs in maintaining energy homeostasis in beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Słocińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - S Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - P Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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Short neuropeptide F signaling regulates functioning of male reproductive system in Tenebrio molitor beetle. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 190:521-534. [PMID: 32749520 PMCID: PMC7441091 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides of short neuropeptides F family (sNPF) have been identified in various arthropods. They are pleiotropic neuromolecules which so far have been mainly associated with regulation of feeding and metabolism, as well as growth and development, locomotion, circadian rhythm or learning and memory. Here, we describe the effects of Tenebrionid sNPF peptide (SGRSPSLRLRFa) on various aspects of the male reproductive physiology in the Tenebrio molitor beetle. We identified in silico the putative sNPF receptor Tenmo-sNPFR. Based on RT-PCR technique, it was shown that the receptor might be present in the male reproductive tissues of this beetle. The analysis of receptor amino acid sequence showed that it is similar to other beetle sNPFRs, as well as other insect species, and belongs rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Injections of Trica-sNPF and its shorter form Trica-sNPF(4–11) caused differentiated effects in T. molitor male reproductive tissues. After 24 h post injections, the peptides decreased the concentration of the soluble protein fraction in testes of 4- and 8-day-old beetles as well as the dry mass of these organs but only in 8-day-old individuals. The same effects were shown with regard to accessory glands. Both peptides decrease the concentration of the soluble protein fraction but do not affect the dry mass of this organ. Furthermore, injections of Trica-sNPF at the 10–7 M concentration decrease the total sperm number in the reproductive system. Surprisingly, the same concentration of the shorter form, Trica-sNPF(4–11) increased the sperm number. It was also shown that both peptides in different manner influence contractions of ejaculatory duct. The data presented in this article give new evidence that sNPFs are involved in the regulation of reproductive events in beetles, which might be the part of a larger neuropeptide network combining feeding, growth and development with the physiology of reproduction.
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Marciniak P, Witek W, Szymczak M, Pacholska-Bogalska J, Chowański S, Kuczer M, Rosiński G. FMRFamide-Related Peptides Signaling Is Involved in the Regulation of Muscle Contractions in Two Tenebrionid Beetles. Front Physiol 2020; 11:456. [PMID: 32477164 PMCID: PMC7235380 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidergic signaling regulates various physiological processes in insects. Neuropeptides are important messenger molecules that act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators or hormones. Neuropeptides with myotropic properties in insects are known as FMRFamide-like peptides (FaLPs). Here, we describe the myotropic effects of the endogenous FaLPs in the regulation of contractile activity of the heart, ejaculatory duct, oviduct and the hindgut in two beetle species, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus. A putative receptor was identified in silico in both species. Using RT-PCR these putative FaLPs receptors were found in the various tissues of both beetles, including visceral organs. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the receptor indicated that it is similar to other insect FaLPs receptors and belongs to G-protein coupled receptors. A synthetic FaLP (NSNFLRFa) found as the bioanalogue of both species demonstrated concentration-dependent and organ-specific myoactive properties. The peptide had species–specific cardioactivity, in that it stimulated Z. atratus heart contractions, while slightly inhibiting that of T. molitor and had mainly myostimulatory effect on the examined visceral organs of both beetle species, with the lowest activity in the ejaculatory duct of these beetles. The peptide was the most active in the hindgut of both species, but only at high concentration of 10–5 M. The results suggest that FaLPs are potent modulators of endogenous contractile activity of the visceral muscles in beetles and may indirectly affect various physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Witek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Szymczak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariola Kuczer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Koch EL, Guillaume F. Additive and mostly adaptive plastic responses of gene expression to multiple stress in Tribolium castaneum. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008768. [PMID: 32379753 PMCID: PMC7238888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is known to be highly responsive to the environment and important for adjustment of metabolism but there is also growing evidence that differences in gene regulation contribute to species divergence and differences among locally adapted populations. However, most studies so far investigated populations when divergence had already occurred. Selection acting on expression levels at the onset of adaptation to an environmental change has not been characterized. Understanding the mechanisms is further complicated by the fact that environmental change is often multivariate, meaning that organisms are exposed to multiple stressors simultaneously with potentially interactive effects. Here we use a novel approach by combining fitness and whole-transcriptome data in a large-scale experiment to investigate responses to drought, heat and their combination in Tribolium castaneum. We found that fitness was reduced by both stressors and their combined effect was almost additive. Expression data showed that stressor responses were acting independently and did not interfere physiologically. Since we measured expression and fitness within the same individuals, we were able to estimate selection on gene expression levels. We found that variation in fitness can be attributed to gene expression variation and that selection pressures were environment dependent and opposite between control and stress conditions. We could further show that plastic responses of expression were largely adaptive, i.e. in the direction that should increase fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L. Koch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University
of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Animal and Plant Science, University of Sheffield, Western
Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Guillaume
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University
of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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36
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Zhang H, Bai J, Huang S, Liu H, Lin J, Hou Y. Neuropeptides and G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in the Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae). Front Physiol 2020; 11:159. [PMID: 32184735 PMCID: PMC7058690 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is a devastating, invasive pest that causes serious damages to palm trees, and its invasiveness depends on its strong ability of physiological and behavioral adaptability. Neuropeptides and their receptors regulate physiology and behavior of insects, but these protein partners have not been identified from many insects. Here, we systematically identified neuropeptide precursors and the corresponding receptors in the red palm weevil, and analyzed their tissue expression patterns under control conditions and after pathogen infection. A total of 43 putative neuropeptide precursors were identified, including an extra myosuppressin peptide was identified with amino acid substitutions at two conserved sites. Forty-four putative neuropeptide receptors belonging to three classes were also identified, in which neuropeptide F receptors and insulin receptors were expanded compared to those in other insects. Based on qRT-PCR analyses, genes coding for several neuropeptide precursors and receptors were highly expressed in tissues other than the nervous system, suggesting that these neuropeptides and receptors play other roles in addition to neuro-reception. Some of the neuropeptides and receptors, like the tachykinin-related peptide and receptor, were significantly induced by pathogen infection, especially sensitive to Bacillus thuringiensis and Metarhizium anisopliae. Systemic identification and initial characterization of neuropeptides and their receptors in the red palm weevil provide a framework for further studies to reveal the functions of these ligand- and receptor-couples in regulating physiology, behavior, and immunity in this important insect pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
| | - Juan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
| | - Shuning Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
| | - Jintian Lin
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Tree Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
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37
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Xu G, Teng ZW, Gu GX, Qi YX, Guo L, Xiao S, Wang F, Fang Q, Wang F, Song QS, Stanley D, Ye GY. Genome-wide characterization and transcriptomic analyses of neuropeptides and their receptors in an endoparasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 103:e21625. [PMID: 31565815 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In insects, neuropeptides constitute a group of signaling molecules that act in regulation of multiple physiological and behavioral processes by binding to their corresponding receptors. On the basis of the bioinformatic approaches, we screened the genomic and transcriptomic data of the parasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum, and annotated 36 neuropeptide precursor genes and 33 neuropeptide receptor genes. Compared to the number of precursor genes in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera), Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera), Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera), Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera), Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera), and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera), P. puparum (Hymenoptera) has the lowest number of neuropeptide precursor genes. This lower number may relate to its parasitic life cycle. Transcriptomic data of embryos, larvae, pupae, adults, venom glands, salivary glands, ovaries, and the remaining carcass revealed stage-, sex-, and tissue-specific expression patterns of the neuropeptides, and their receptors. These data provided basic information about the identity and expression profiles of neuropeptides and their receptors that are required to functionally address their biological significance in an endoparasitoid wasp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Wen Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/ARS Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Gong-Yin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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38
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Ma Z, Zhang Y, You C, Zeng X, Gao X. The role of G protein-coupled receptor-related genes in cytochrome P450-mediated resistance of the house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), to imidacloprid. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:92-103. [PMID: 31456272 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ninety-four putative G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were identified in the Musca domestica genome. They were annotated and compared with their homologues in Drosophila melanogaster. Phylogenetic analyses of the GPCRs from both species revealed that several family members shared a closer relationship based on the domain architecture. The expression profiles of these genes were examined by quantitative real-time PCR amongst three strains of the house fly, a near-isogenic line strain with imidacloprid resistance (N-IRS), the corresponding susceptible strain (CSS) and another strain derived from field populations with imidacloprid resistance (IRS). We found that five GPCR genes were upregulated in the N-IRS and eight GPCR genes were upregulated in the IRS strains compared to the CSS strain. The transgenic lines of D. melanogaster with the GPCR genes (LOC101899380 in the N-IRS strain and LOC101895664 in the IRS strain) exhibited significantly increased tolerance to imidacloprid, and higher expression of cytochrome P450 genes. Bioinformatic analysis of LOC101899380 was carried out based on its full-length nucleic acid sequence and putative amino acid sequence, and it was named Methuselah-like10 (Mthl10) owing to its homology with D. melanogaster Mthl10. A cell-base cell counting kit-8 toxicity assay demonstrated that the expression of the GPCR gene LOC101899380 in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells using a baculovirus-mediated expression system can elevate the cell tolerance to imidacloprid, indirectly supporting the hypothesis that the GPCR gene LOC101899380 plays some role in imidacloprid resistance. These results should be useful for furthering understanding of the regulatory pathway by which house flies develop resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ma
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - C You
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - X Zeng
- Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Qi YX, Wang JL, Xu G, Song QS, Stanley D, Fang Q, Ye GY. Biogenic amine biosynthetic and transduction genes in the endoparasitoid wasp Pteromalus puparum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 103:e21632. [PMID: 31621105 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic amines (BAs), such as octopamine, tyramine, dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine regulate various behaviors and physiological functions in insects. Here, we identified seven genes encoding BA biosynthetic enzymes and 16 genes encoding BA G protein-coupled receptors in the genome of the endoparasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum. We compared the genes with their orthologs in its host Pieris rapae and the related ectoparasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis. All the genes show high (>90%) identity to orthologs in N. vitripennis. P. puparum and N. vitripennis have the smallest number of BA receptor genes among the insect species we investigated. We then analyzed the expression profiles of the genes, finding those acting in BA biosynthesis were highly expressed in adults and larvae and those encoding BA receptors are highly expressed in adults than immatures. Octα1R and 5-HT7 genes were highly expressed in salivary glands, and a high messenger RNA level of 5-HT1A was found in venom apparatuses. We infer that BA signaling is a fundamental component of the organismal organization, homeostasis and operation in parasitoids, some of the smallest insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Qi
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/ARS Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Yin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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40
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Rösner J, Merzendorfer H. Transcriptional plasticity of different ABC transporter genes from Tribolium castaneum contributes to diflubenzuron resistance. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 116:103282. [PMID: 31740345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of insecticide resistance challenges the sustainability of pest control and several studies have shown that ABC transporters contribute to this process. ABC transporters are known to transport a large range of chemically diverse molecules across cellular membranes, and therefore the identification of ABC transporters involved in insecticide resistance is difficult. Here, we describe a comprehensive strategy for the identification of whole sets of ABC transporters involved in insecticide resistance using the pest beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Tc) as a model. We analyzed the expression of ABCA to ABCC genes in different tissues and developmental stages using larvae that were sensitive or resistant to diflubenzuron (DFB). The mRNA levels of several ABC genes expressed in excretory or metabolic tissues such as midgut, Malpighian tubules or fat body were markedly upregulated in response to DFB. Next, we monitored mortality in the presence of the ABC inhibitor verapamil, and found that it causes sensitization to DFB. We furthermore established a competitive assay for the elimination of DFB, based on Texas Red (TR) fluorescence. We monitored TR elimination in larvae that were treated with DFB or different ABC inhibitors, and combinations of them. TR elimination was decreased significantly in the presence of DFB, verapamil and the ABCC inhibitor MK-571. The effect was synergized when DFB and verapamil were both present suggesting that the transport of TR and DFB involves overlapping sets of ABC transporters. Finally, we silenced the expression of DFB-responding ABC genes by RNA interference and then followed the survival rates after DFB exposure. Mortality increased particularly when specific ABCA and ABCC genes were silenced. Taken together, we were able to show that different ABC transporters expressed in metabolic and excretory tissues contribute to the elimination of DFB. Up- or down-regulation of gene expression occurs within a few days already at very low DFB concentrations. These results suggests that transcriptional plasticity of several ABC genes allows adaptation of the efflux capacity in different tissues to eliminate insecticides and/or their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janin Rösner
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Hans Merzendorfer
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany.
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Li X, Du L, Jiang XJ, Ju Q, Qu CJ, Qu MJ, Liu TX. Identification and Characterization of Neuropeptides and Their G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in the Cowpea Aphid Aphis craccivora. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:640. [PMID: 33042012 PMCID: PMC7527416 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are the most abundant and diverse signal molecules in insects. They act as neurohormones and neuromodulators to regulate the physiology and behavior of insects. The majority of neuropeptides initiate downstream signaling pathways through binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface. In this study, RNA-seq technology and bioinformatics were used to search for genes encoding neuropeptides and their GPCRs in the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora. And the expression of these genes at different developmental stages of A. craccivora was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 40 candidate genes encoding neuropeptide precursors were identified from the transcriptome data, which is roughly equivalent to the number of neuropeptide genes that have been reported in other insects. On this basis, software analysis combined with homologous prediction estimated that there could be more than 60 mature neuropeptides with biological activity. In addition, 46 neuropeptide GPCRs were obtained, of which 40 belong to rhodopsin-like receptors (A-family GPCRs), including 21 families of neuropeptide receptors and 7 orphan receptors, and 6 belong to secretin-like receptors (B-family GPCRs), including receptors for diuretic hormone 31, diuretic hormone 44 and pigment-dispersing factor (PDF). Compared with holometabolous insects such as Drosophila melanogaster, the coding genes for sulfakinin, corazonin, arginine vasopressin-like peptide (AVLP), and trissin and the corresponding receptors were not found in A. craccivora. It is speculated that A. craccivora likely lacks the above neuropeptide signaling pathways, which is consistent with Acyrthosiphon pisum and that the loss of these pathways may be a common feature of aphids. In addition, expression profiling revealed neuropeptide genes and their GPCR genes that are differentially expressed at different developmental stages and in different wing morphs. This study will help to deepen our understanding of the neuropeptide signaling systems in aphids, thus laying the foundation for the development of new methods for aphid control targeting these signaling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Long Du
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Jiang
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Ju
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun-Juan Qu
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming-Jing Qu
- Department of Plant Protection, Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-Jing Qu
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Tong-Xian Liu
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42
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Veenstra JA. Coleoptera genome and transcriptome sequences reveal numerous differences in neuropeptide signaling between species. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7144. [PMID: 31245184 PMCID: PMC6585902 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insect neuropeptides are interesting for the potential their receptors hold as plausible targets for a novel generation of pesticides. Neuropeptide genes have been identified in a number of different species belonging to a variety of insects. Results suggest significant neuropeptide variation between different orders, but much less is known of neuropeptidome variability within an insect order. I therefore compared the neuropeptidomes of a number of Coleoptera. Methodology Publicly available genome sequences, transcriptomes and the original sequence data in the form of short sequence read archives were analyzed for the presence or absence of genes coding neuropeptides as well as some neuropeptide receptors in seventeen beetle species. Results Significant differences exist between the Coleoptera analyzed here, while many neuropeptides that were previously characterized from Tribolium castaneum appear very similar in all species, some are not and others are lacking in one or more species. On the other hand, leucokinin, which was presumed to be universally absent from Coleoptera, is still present in non-Polyphaga beetles. Conclusion The variability in neuropeptidome composition between species from the same insect order may be as large as the one that exists between species from different orders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Veenstra
- INCIA UMR 5287 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Pessac, France
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Pharmacological characterization of the 5-HT1A receptor of Bombyx mori and its role in locomotion. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 231:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nässel DR, Zandawala M. Recent advances in neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila, from genes to physiology and behavior. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 179:101607. [PMID: 30905728 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on neuropeptides and peptide hormones, the largest and most diverse class of neuroactive substances, known in Drosophila and other animals to play roles in almost all aspects of daily life, as w;1;ell as in developmental processes. We provide an update on novel neuropeptides and receptors identified in the last decade, and highlight progress in analysis of neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila. Especially exciting is the huge amount of work published on novel functions of neuropeptides and peptide hormones in Drosophila, largely due to the rapid developments of powerful genetic methods, imaging techniques and innovative assays. We critically discuss the roles of peptides in olfaction, taste, foraging, feeding, clock function/sleep, aggression, mating/reproduction, learning and other behaviors, as well as in regulation of development, growth, metabolic and water homeostasis, stress responses, fecundity, and lifespan. We furthermore provide novel information on neuropeptide distribution and organization of peptidergic systems, as well as the phylogenetic relations between Drosophila neuropeptides and those of other phyla, including mammals. As will be shown, neuropeptide signaling is phylogenetically ancient, and not only are the structures of the peptides, precursors and receptors conserved over evolution, but also many functions of neuropeptide signaling in physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick R Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Meet Zandawala
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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Nielsen SKD, Koch TL, Hauser F, Garm A, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP. De novo transcriptome assembly of the cubomedusa Tripedalia cystophora, including the analysis of a set of genes involved in peptidergic neurotransmission. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:175. [PMID: 30836949 PMCID: PMC6402141 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The phyla Cnidaria, Placozoa, Ctenophora, and Porifera emerged before the split of proto- and deuterostome animals, about 600 million years ago. These early metazoans are interesting, because they can give us important information on the evolution of various tissues and organs, such as eyes and the nervous system. Generally, cnidarians have simple nervous systems, which use neuropeptides for their neurotransmission, but some cnidarian medusae belonging to the class Cubozoa (box jellyfishes) have advanced image-forming eyes, probably associated with a complex innervation. Here, we describe a new transcriptome database from the cubomedusa Tripedalia cystophora. Results Based on the combined use of the Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies, we produced a highly contiguous transcriptome database from T. cystophora. We then developed a software program to discover neuropeptide preprohormones in this database. This script enabled us to annotate seven novel T. cystophora neuropeptide preprohormone cDNAs: One coding for 19 copies of a peptide with the structure pQWLRGRFamide; one coding for six copies of a different RFamide peptide; one coding for six copies of pQPPGVWamide; one coding for eight different neuropeptide copies with the C-terminal LWamide sequence; one coding for thirteen copies of a peptide with the RPRAamide C-terminus; one coding for four copies of a peptide with the C-terminal GRYamide sequence; and one coding for seven copies of a cyclic peptide, of which the most frequent one has the sequence CTGQMCWFRamide. We could also identify orthologs of these seven preprohormones in the cubozoans Alatina alata, Carybdea xaymacana, Chironex fleckeri, and Chiropsalmus quadrumanus. Furthermore, using TBLASTN screening, we could annotate four bursicon-like glycoprotein hormone subunits, five opsins, and 52 other family-A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which also included two leucine-rich repeats containing G protein-coupled receptors (LGRs) in T. cystophora. The two LGRs are potential receptors for the glycoprotein hormones, while the other GPCRs are candidate receptors for the above-mentioned neuropeptides. Conclusions By combining Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies, we have produced a new high-quality de novo transcriptome assembly from T. cystophora that should be a valuable resource for identifying the neuronal components that are involved in vision and other behaviors in cubomedusae. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5514-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie K D Nielsen
- Section of Marine Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Koch
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Hauser
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Garm
- Section of Marine Biology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cornelis J P Grimmelikhuijzen
- Section for Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Oliphant A, Alexander JL, Swain MT, Webster SG, Wilcockson DC. Transcriptomic analysis of crustacean neuropeptide signaling during the moult cycle in the green shore crab, Carcinus maenas. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:711. [PMID: 30257651 PMCID: PMC6158917 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ecdysis is an innate behaviour programme by which all arthropods moult their exoskeletons. The complex suite of interacting neuropeptides that orchestrate ecdysis is well studied in insects, but details of the crustacean ecdysis cassette are fragmented and our understanding of this process is comparatively crude, preventing a meaningful evolutionary comparison. To begin to address this issue we identified transcripts coding for neuropeptides and their putative receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) and Y-organs (YO) within the crab, Carcinus maenas, and mapped their expression profiles across accurately defined stages of the moult cycle using RNA-sequencing. We also studied gene expression within the epidermally-derived YO, the only defined role for which is the synthesis of ecdysteroid moulting hormones, to elucidate peptides and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that might have a function in ecdysis. Results Transcriptome mining of the CNS transcriptome yielded neuropeptide transcripts representing 47 neuropeptide families and 66 putative GPCRs. Neuropeptide transcripts that were differentially expressed across the moult cycle included carcikinin, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone-2, and crustacean cardioactive peptide, whilst a single putative neuropeptide receptor, proctolin R1, was differentially expressed. Carcikinin mRNA in particular exhibited dramatic increases in expression pre-moult, suggesting a role in ecdysis regulation. Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone-2 mRNA expression was elevated post- and pre-moult whilst that for crustacean cardioactive peptide, which regulates insect ecdysis and plays a role in stereotyped motor activity during crustacean ecdysis, was elevated in pre-moult. In the YO, several putative neuropeptide receptor transcripts were differentially expressed across the moult cycle, as was the mRNA for the neuropeptide, neuroparsin-1. Whilst differential gene expression of putative neuropeptide receptors was expected, the discovery and differential expression of neuropeptide transcripts was surprising. Analysis of GPCR transcript expression between YO and epidermis revealed 11 to be upregulated in the YO and thus are now candidates for peptide control of ecdysis. Conclusions The data presented represent a comprehensive survey of the deduced C. maenas neuropeptidome and putative GPCRs. Importantly, we have described the differential expression profiles of these transcripts across accurately staged moult cycles in tissues key to the ecdysis programme. This study provides important avenues for the future exploration of functionality of receptor-ligand pairs in crustaceans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5057-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Oliphant
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Jodi L Alexander
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Martin T Swain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Simon G Webster
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - David C Wilcockson
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK.
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Sedra L, Paluzzi JP, Lange AB. Characterization and expression of a long neuropeptide F (NPF) receptor in the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202425. [PMID: 30114273 PMCID: PMC6095579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a long neuropeptide F receptor of the blood-feeding hemipteran, Rhodnius prolixus (RhoprNPFR) has been cloned and characterized. Approximately 70% of the RhoprNPFR deduced protein sequence is identical to that of other hemipteran NPFRs. RhoprNPFR has seven highly-conserved transmembrane domains, two cysteine residues in the 2nd and 3rd extracellular loops that likely form a disulfide bond integral for maintaining the structure of the receptor, and a conserved DRY motif after the third transmembrane domain. All of these characteristics are typical of class A rhodopsin-like GPCRs. The receptor transcript is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and gut of both fifth instar and adult R. prolixus. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), we identified six bilaterally-paired large median neurosecretory cells (approximately 30μm in diameter) in the brain that express the RhoprNPFR mRNA transcript. We also found RhoprNPFR transcript expression in endocrine cells in the anterior midgut of fifth instars, as well as in putative pre-follicular cells present in the germarium and between developing oocytes, and in the nutritive cord. These results suggest that RhoprNPFR may play a role within the CNS, and in digestion and possibly egg production and/or egg development in R. prolixus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sedra
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Angela B. Lange
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Lubawy J, Marciniak P, Kuczer M, Rosiński G. Myotropic activity of allatostatins in tenebrionid beetles. Neuropeptides 2018; 70:26-36. [PMID: 29776677 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides control the functioning of the nervous system of insects, and they are the most diverse signalling molecules in terms of structure and function. Allatostatins are pleiotropic neuropeptides that are considered potent myoinhibitors of muscle contractions in insects. We investigated the effects caused by three distinct allatostatins, Dippu-AST1 (LYDFGL-NH2 from Diploptera punctata), Grybi-MIP1 (GWQDLNGGW-NH2 from Gryllus bimaculatus) and Trica-ASTC (pESRYRQCYFNPISCF-OH from Tribolium castaneum) on contractile activity of the myocardium, oviduct and hindgut of two tenebrionid beetles, Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus. Studies showed that all three peptides exerted myostimulatory effects on the oviduct and hindgut of the beetles, however they did not cause any effect on myocardium. The effects of Dippu-AST1, Grybi-MIP1 and Trica-ASTC were dose-dependent and tissue and species specific. The highest stimulatory effect was caused by Trica-ASTC, showing stimulation of approximately 82% at a 10-12 M concentration and 76% at a 10-11 M concentration for T. molitor and Z. atratus, respectively. The oviduct of T. molitor was more susceptible to allatostatins than that of Z. atratus. Dippu-AST1 showed the maximum stimulating effect at 10-11 M (57%), whereas Grybi-MIP 1 at 10-10 M caused a 41% stimulation. Trica-ASTC, in both species, showed a myostimulatory effect over the whole range of tested concentrations but was most potent at a 10-12 M concentration and caused a 54% and 31.9% increase in the frequency of contractions in the oviduct of T. molitor and Z. atratus, respectively. The results suggest that allatostatins may affect the regulation of egg movement within the oviducts and movement of food in the digestive tract of beetles and do not regulate directly the activity of heart, thus being good candidate compounds in neuropeptides based pest control agents in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lubawy
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89 Str, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89 Str, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariola Kuczer
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University, F. Joliot-Curie 14D Str, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Rosiński
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89 Str, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Shen Z, Yang X, Chen Y, Shi L. CAPA periviscerokinin-mediated activation of MAPK/ERK signaling through Gq-PLC-PKC-dependent cascade and reciprocal ERK activation-dependent internalized kinetics of Bom-CAPA-PVK receptor 2. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:1-15. [PMID: 29730398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori neuropeptide G protein-coupled receptor (BNGR)-A27 is a specific receptor for B. mori capability (CAPA) periviscerokinin (PVK), that is, Bom-CAPA-PVK receptor 2. Upon stimulation of Bom-CAPA-PVK-1 or -PVK-2, Bom-CAPA-PVK receptor 2 significantly increases cAMP-response element-controlled luciferase activity and Ca2+ mobilization in a Gq inhibitor-sensitive manner. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for CAPA/CAPA receptor system mediation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) activation remains to be explained further. Here, we discovered that Bom-CAPA-PVK receptor 2 stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in response to Bom-CAPA-PVK-1 or -PVK-2 with similar potencies. Furthermore, ERK1/2 phosphorylation can be inhibited by Gq inhibitor UBO-QIC, PLC inhibitor U73122, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Go 6983, phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor FIPI and Ca2+ chelators EGTA and BAPTA-AM. Moreover, Bom-CAPA-PVK-R2-induced activation of ERK1/2 was significantly attenuated by treatment with the Gβγ-specific inhibitors, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-specific inhibitor Wortmannin and Src-specific inhibitor PP2. Our data also demonstrate that receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) transactivation pathways are involved in the mechanisms of Bom-CAPA-PVK receptor to ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In addition, β-arrestin1/2 is not involved in Bom-CAPA-PVK-R2-mediated ERK1/2 activation but required for the agonist-independent, ERK1/2 activation-dependent internalization of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfei Shen
- Department of Economic Zoology, College of Animal Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Liangen Shi
- Department of Economic Zoology, College of Animal Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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Verlinden H. Dopamine signalling in locusts and other insects. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 97:40-52. [PMID: 29680287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine is an important catecholamine neurotransmitter in invertebrates and vertebrates. It is biochemically derived from tyrosine via L-DOPA. It is most abundant in the central nervous system, but can also be produced in e.g. epidermal cells. Dopamine has conserved roles in the control of movement, pleasure, motivation, arousal and memory between invertebrate and vertebrate animals. It is crucial for melanisation and sclerotisation, important processes for the formation of the exoskeleton of insects and immune function. In this brief review I will discuss some general aspects of insect dopamine biosynthesis and breakdown, dopamine receptors and their pharmacology. In addition, I will provide a glance on the multitude of biological functions of dopamine in insects. More detail is provided concerning the putative roles of dopamine in phase related phenomena in locusts. Finally, molecular and pharmacological adjustments of insect dopamine signalling are discussed in the light of possible approaches towards insect pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen Verlinden
- Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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