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Roddick C, Harris M, Hofman PL. The Metabolic Programming of Pubertal Onset. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2024. [PMID: 39360615 DOI: 10.1111/cen.15138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that maternal factors such as nutritional status (both under and over-nutrition) and diabetes, alongside prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are associated with early pubertal onset in offspring. Such children are also at increased risk of the metabolic syndrome during adolescence and young adulthood. AIM This literature review focuses on the role of the prenatal environment in programming pubertal onset, and the impact of prenatal metabolic stressors on the declining average age of puberty. METHOD A review of all relevant literature was conducted in PubMed by the authors. OUTCOME The mechanism for this appears to be mediated through metabolic signals, such as leptin and insulin, on the kisspeptin-neuronal nitric oxide-gonadotropin releasing hormone (KiNG) axis. Exposed children have an elevated risk of childhood obesity and display a phenotype of hyperinsunlinaemia and hyperleptinaemia. These metabolic changes permit an earlier attainment of the nutritional "threshold" for puberty. Unfortunately, this cycle may be amplified across subsequent generations, however early intervention may help "rescue" progression of this programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Roddick
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Harris
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul L Hofman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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2
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Daniele C, Wacks RE, Farland LV, Manson JE, Qi L, Shadyab AH, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Spracklen CN. Associations between birthweight and preterm birth and the ages at menarche and menopause. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:546. [PMID: 39363289 PMCID: PMC11448270 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women who reach menarche and menopause at earlier ages have been shown to be at increased risk for numerous conditions including cardiovascular disease, cancer, depression, and obesity; however, risk factors for earlier ages of menarche and menopause are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to perform a retrospective investigation of the associations between a personal birthweight and/or being born preterm and the age of and menarche and menopause and related events in the Women's Health Initiative, a large, racially and ethnically diverse cohort of postmenopausal women. METHODS At study entry, women reported their birthweight by category (< 6 lbs., 6-7 lbs. 15 oz, 8-9 lbs. 15 oz, or ≥ 10 lbs.) and preterm birth status (4 or more weeks premature). Ages at events related to menarche and menopause were also self-reported. Linear regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted effect estimates (β) and odds ratios (OR), respectively (n ≤ 86,857). Individuals born preterm were excluded from all birthweight analyses. RESULTS After adjustments, individuals born weighing < 6lbs. were more likely to reach natural menopause at an earlier age (adjusted β=-0.361, SE = 0.09, P = < 0.001) and have a shorter reproductive window (adjusted β = -0.287, SE = 0.10, p < 0.004) compared to individuals weighing 6-7 lbs. 15 oz. Individuals born preterm were also more likely to reach natural menopause at an earlier age (adjusted β=-0.506, SE = 0.16, P = 0.001) and have a shorter reproductive window (adjusted β = -0.418, SE = 0.17, p < 0.006). CONCLUSIONS These findings raise concerns that, as more preterm and low birthweight individuals survive to adulthood, the prevalence of earlier-onset menarche and menopause may increase. Clinical counseling and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of preterm and low birthweight births, as well as intensification of lifestyle modifications to reduce CVD risk among women with these early-life risk factors, should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Daniele
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 715 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Rachel E Wacks
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 715 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Leslie V Farland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 900 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lihong Qi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of California Davis, One Shields Ave., Med-Sci 1C Room 145, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive #0725, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 715 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Wang M, Pugh SM, Daboul J, Miller D, Xu Y, Hill JW. IGF-1 Acts through Kiss1-expressing Cells to Influence Metabolism and Reproduction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601722. [PMID: 39005405 PMCID: PMC11244982 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective Kisspeptin, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, ties puberty and fertility to energy status; however, the metabolic factors that control Kiss1-expressing cells need to be clarified. Methods To evaluate the impact of IGF-1 on the metabolic and reproductive functions of kisspeptin producing cells, we created mice with IGF-1 receptor deletion driven by the Kiss1 promoter (IGF1RKiss1 mice). Previous studies have shown IGF-1 and insulin can bind to each other's receptor, permitting IGF-1 signaling in the absence of IGF1R. Therefore, we also generated mice with simultaneous deletion of the IGF1R and insulin receptor (IR) in Kiss1-expressing cells (IGF1R/IRKiss1 mice). Results Loss of IGF1R in Kiss1 cells caused stunted body length. In addition, female IGF1RKiss1 mice displayed lower body weight and food intake plus higher energy expenditure and physical activity. This phenotype was linked to higher proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression and heightened brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Male IGF1RKiss1 mice had mild changes in metabolic functions. Moreover, IGF1RKiss1 mice of both sexes experienced delayed puberty. Notably, male IGF1RKiss1 mice had impaired adulthood fertility accompanied by lower gonadotropin and testosterone levels. Thus, IGF1R in Kiss1-expressing cells impacts metabolism and reproduction in a sex-specific manner. IGF1R/IRKiss1 mice had higher fat mass and glucose intolerance, suggesting IGF1R and IR in Kiss1-expressing cells together regulate body composition and glucose homeostasis. Conclusions Overall, our study shows that IGF1R and IR in Kiss1 have cooperative roles in body length, metabolism, and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Wang
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seamus M. Pugh
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Judy Daboul
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - David Miller
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer W. Hill
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Lakhssassi K, Ureña I, Marín B, Sarto MP, Lahoz B, Alabart JL, Calvo JH, Serrano M. Characterization of the pars tuberalis and hypothalamus transcriptome in female sheep under different reproductive stages. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3461-3474. [PMID: 36534535 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2155174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
For understanding the molecular events underlying the follicular (F) and luteal (L) phases of estrous cycle, and anestrous (A) phase, the pars tuberalis (PT), and hypothalamus (HT) transcriptomes of 21 ewes were studied. In HT, 72 and 3 differential expression genes (DEGs) were found when comparing F vs. A and L vs. A, respectively. In PT, 6 and 4 DEGs were found in F vs. A and L vs. A comparisons, respectively. Enrichment analysis for DEGs between the F and A phases in the HT revealed significant clusters, mainly associated with actin-binding, and cytoskeleton, that are related to neural plasticity modulated by gonadal steroid hormones, as well as with oxytocin signaling. We found that DEGs in PT had higher differences in expression levels than those found in HT. In this sense, the ITLN was highly upregulated in the F and L vs. A phases, being MRPL57 and IRX4 highly downregulated in L vs. A comparison. The DDC gene in PT, related to LH regulation, was upregulated in the F phase. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed multiple pathways related to neurotransmission and neuronal plasticity. Our study reveals new candidate genes involved in the reproductive stages' transitions in seasonal sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Lakhssassi
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, CITA-IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
- INRA Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Belén Marín
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Belén Lahoz
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, CITA-IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Hugo Calvo
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, CITA-IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain
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Calcaterra V, Cena H, Sottotetti F, Rossi V, Loperfido F, Zuccotti G. Breast and Formula Milk and Early Puberty Onset. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1686. [PMID: 37892349 PMCID: PMC10605833 DOI: 10.3390/children10101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients have an enormous impact on many hormonal systems and aspects of health, and nutrition status is a crucial regulator of growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents. In this narrative review, we explore the connection between these feeding methods and the timing of puberty to provide a clearer understanding of how infant nutrition might contribute to the early development of puberty. Puberty is a key stage in the transition from childhood to adulthood and the timing of puberty represents a significant biological milestone of growth. Breast milk seems to have a pivotal role in puberty onset, mainly due to its dynamism, which shape indirectly the gut microbiota in early life, besides direct exposure of the baby to the milk microbiota through gut-breast axis. Concerning breast and formula milk and their effects on the onset of puberty, a protective role of the former occurs. As for the potential harmful effects of soy-based formulas and the isoflavones that they contain, the studies reported demonstrate conflicting opinions, underlining the need for further research on this topic. A healthy and well-nourished diet from the earliest stages of life has significant preventive potential for overall well-being, reducing the risk of many health problems later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (V.R.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.L.)
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, General Medicine, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Sottotetti
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (V.R.); (G.Z.)
| | - Federica Loperfido
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.L.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy; (V.R.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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Li Y, Li C, Fu Y, Wang R, Yang Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang G, Jiang H, Zou Y, Hu J, Guo C, Wang Y. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes the gonadal development of Pampus argenteus by regulating energy metabolism†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:227-237. [PMID: 37228017 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) is known to promote ovarian maturation by interacting with other hormones. However, the limited research on the role of Igf1 in the energy metabolism supply of gonads has hindered further exploration. To explore the role of Igf1 in gonadal development of silver pomfret, we analyzed the expression levels and the localization of igf1 mRNA and protein during testicular and ovarian development of silver pomfret. The results of the study showed upregulation of Igf1 in the critical period of vitellogenesis and sperm meiosis, which was found to be mainly expressed in the somatic cells of the gonads. Upon adding E2 and Igf1 to cultured gonadal tissues, the expression of energy-related genes was significantly increased, along with the E2-enhanced effect of Igf1 in the testis. Importantly, stimulation of both ovaries and testes with E2 and Igf1 led to a remarkable increase in the expression of vitellogenesis and meiosis-related genes. Therefore, we conclude that Igf1 promotes vitellogenesis and sperm meiosis by regulating gonadal energy production. Moreover, the expression of Igf1 in gonads is significantly regulated by E2. These findings provide new insights for the research of Igf1 in fish breeding, thus allowing the regulation of energy metabolism between growth and reproduction for successful reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yangfei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ruixian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiangbing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yushan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunyang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Costermans NGJ, Teerds KJ, Kemp B, Keijer J, Soede NM. Physiological and metabolic aspects of follicular developmental competence as affected by lactational body condition loss. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:491-502. [PMID: 35775400 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic demands of modern hybrid sows have increased over the years, which increases the chance that sows enter a substantial negative energy balance (NEB) during lactation. This NEB can negatively impact reproductive outcome, which is especially evident in primiparous sows causing a reduced second parity reproductive performance. The negative effects of the lactational NEB on reproductive performance can be partly explained by the influence of the premating metabolic state, during and after lactation, on the development of follicles from which oocytes will give rise to the next litter. In addition, the degree and type of body tissue mobilization during lactation that is, adipose tissue or lean mass, highly influences follicular development. Research investigating relations between the premating metabolic state and follicular and oocyte competence in modern hybrid sows, which experience higher metabolic demands during lactation, is limited. In this review we summarize current knowledge of physiological relations between the metabolic state of modern hybrid sows and follicular developmental competence. In addition, we discuss potential implications of these relations for current sow management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja G J Costermans
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja J Teerds
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicoline M Soede
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Baier I, Pereira A, Ferrer P, Iñiguez G, Mericq V. Higher Prepubertal IGF-1 Concentrations Associate to Earlier Pubertal Tempo in Both Sexes. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 96:404-411. [PMID: 36513037 DOI: 10.1159/000528662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pubertal onset is triggered by multiple neuroendocrine interactions. The role of prepubertal IGF-1 in this process has not been explored in both sexes. Our objective was to analyze the association of prepubertal IGF-1 concentration with age at thelarche (B2) and menarche (M) in girls and age at gonadarche (G2) in boys. METHODS This is a longitudinal study (n = 1,196 boys and girls) within the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study (GOCS). At age ≈ 6.7 years, blood sample was taken for IGF-1. Subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the onset age of the pubertal event. RESULTS Higher prepubertal IGF-1 levels were observed at earlier ages of B2 (p = 0.003) and M onset (p = 0.041). A taller prepubertal height was observed at younger ages of B2 and M (p=<0.001 and 0.002, respectively). The hazard proportional regression models (HR) showed that with an increase of 1 SD in IGF-1, the HR of presenting B2 at younger ages was 1.25, and this association was maintained when adjusted for confounding variables. Similarly, the HR of presenting M at earlier ages was 1.21. This association was maintained only when adjusting for body mass index but not using further confounders. In boys, prepubertal IGF-1 showed a tendency to be significantly higher in children with earlier G2 and taller height (both p < 0.001). The HR of presenting G2 at younger ages was 1.22, and this association was maintained after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Higher IGF-1 levels in mid-childhood are associated with earlier puberty onset. The role of IGF-1 in the onset of puberty requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Baier
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Pereira
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Ferrer
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - German Iñiguez
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica Mericq
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Papadimitriou A, Marakaki C, Papadimitriou DT. Growth variations with opposite clinical outcomes and the emerging role of IGF-1. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:359-370. [PMID: 35331614 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal growth pattern variations [i.e., constitutional advancement and constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CAGP and CDGP)] are the mirror image of each other and are associated with early puberty (EP) and delayed puberty (DP), respectively. Differences between CAGP and CDGP relate not only to auxological characteristics (height, weight) but also to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 levels in CAGP are above average whereas in CDGP they are below average, suggesting a role for IGF-1 in the induction of these growth patterns. Herein, we provide data suggesting that early activation of the growth hormone (GH)/IGF-1 axis induces the growth pattern of CAGP. Moreover, we suggest that IGF-1 is a decisive factor for the release of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) inhibition brake that occurs in prepuberty. It is therefore crucial for puberty onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Papadimitriou
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece.
| | - Chrisanthi Marakaki
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Papadimitriou
- Pediatric-Adolescent Endocrinology and Diabetes, Athens Medical Center, Marousi and Endocrine Unit, Aretaeion University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Duittoz AH, Forni PE, Giacobini P, Golan M, Mollard P, Negrón AL, Radovick S, Wray S. Development of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone system. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13087. [PMID: 35067985 PMCID: PMC9286803 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding of the development of the neuroendocrine gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) system, including discussion on open questions regarding (1) transcriptional regulation of the Gnrh1 gene; (2) prenatal development of the GnRH1 system in rodents and humans; and (3) paracrine and synaptic communication during migration of the GnRH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo E. Forni
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity at AlbanyAlbanyNYUSA
- The RNA InstituteUniversity at AlbanyAlbanyNYUSA
| | - Paolo Giacobini
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal BrainLille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR‐S1172, Inserm, CHU LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Matan Golan
- Institute of Animal SciencesAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani CenterRishon LetziyonIsrael
| | - Patrice Mollard
- Institute of Functional GenomicsCNRS, InsermMontpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Ariel L. Negrón
- Clinical and Translational ResearchRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Sally Radovick
- Clinical and Translational ResearchRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Susan Wray
- Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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11
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Oda A, Inoue S, Kaneko R, Narita Y, Shiono S, Kaneko T, Tseng YC, Ohtani-Kaneko R. Involvement of IGF-1R-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in increased number of GnRH3 neurons during androgen-induced sex reversal of the brain in female tilapia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2450. [PMID: 35165334 PMCID: PMC8844422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroplastic mechanism of sex reversal in the fish brain remains unclear due to the difficulty in identifying the key neurons involved. Mozambique tilapia show different reproductive behaviours between sexes; males build circular breeding nests while females hold and brood fertilized eggs in their mouth. In tilapia, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 3 (GnRH3) neurons, located in the terminal nerve, regulate male reproductive behaviour. Mature males have more GnRH3 neurons than mature females, and these neurons have been indicated to play a key role in the androgen-induced female-to-male sex reversal of the brain. We aimed to elucidate the signalling pathway involved in the androgen-induced increase in GnRH3 neurons in mature female tilapia. Applying inhibitors to organotypic cultures of brain slices, we showed that the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor (IGF-1R)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway contributed to the androgen-induced increase in GnRH3 neurons. The involvement of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)-induced development of GnRH3 neurons was supported by an increase in Igf-1 mRNA shortly after 11-KT treatment, the increase of GnRH3 neurons after IGF-1 treatment and the expression of IGF-1R in GnRH3 neurons. Our findings highlight the involvement of IGF-1 and its downstream signalling pathway in the sex reversal of the tilapia brain.
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Magenes VC, Pascuzzi MC, Rossi V, Sangiorgio A, Bosetti A, Zuccotti G, Mameli C. The Role of Pediatric Nutrition as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Precocious Puberty. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1353. [PMID: 34947884 PMCID: PMC8706413 DOI: 10.3390/life11121353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Puberty is a critical phase of growth and development characterized by a complex process regulated by the neuroendocrine system. Precocious puberty (PP) is defined as the appearance of physical and hormonal signs of pubertal development at an earlier age than is considered normal. The timing of puberty has important public health, clinical, and social implications. In fact, it is crucial in psychological and physical development and can impact future health. Nutritional status is considered as one of the most important factors modulating pubertal development. This narrative review presents an overview on the role of nutritional factors as determinants of the timing of sexual maturation, focusing on early-life and childhood nutrition. As reported, breast milk seems to have an important protective role against early puberty onset, mainly due to its positive influence on infant growth rate and childhood overweight prevention. The energy imbalance, macro/micronutrient food content, and dietary patterns may modulate the premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, inducing precocious activation of puberty. An increase in knowledge on the mechanism whereby nutrients may influence puberty will be useful in providing adequate nutritional recommendations to prevent PP and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carlotta Magenes
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Martina Chiara Pascuzzi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Arianna Sangiorgio
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandra Bosetti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mameli
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.); (V.C.M.); (M.C.P.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (G.Z.); (C.M.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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13
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Kang T, Ye J, Qin P, Li H, Yao Z, Liu Y, Ling Y, Zhang Y, Yu T, Cao H, Li Y, Wang J, Fang F. Knockdown of Ptprn-2 delays the onset of puberty in female rats. Theriogenology 2021; 176:137-148. [PMID: 34607132 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated how Ptprn-2 (encoding tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, N2 polypeptide protein) affects the onset of puberty in female rats. We evaluated the expression of Ptprn-2 mRNA and protein in the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis of female rats using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence at infancy, prepuberty, puberty, peripuberty, and adulthood. We evaluated the effects of Ptprn-2 gene knockdown on different aspects of reproduction-related biology in female rats, including the expression levels of puberty-related genes in vivo and in vitro, the time to onset of puberty, the concentration of serum reproductive hormones, the morphology of ovaries, and the ultrastructure of pituitary gonadotropin cells. Our results demonstrated that PTPRN-2 was primarily distributed in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), periventricular nucleus (PeN), adenohypophysis, and the ovarian follicular theca, stroma, and granulosa cells of female rats at various stages. Ptprn-2 mRNA levels significantly varied between peripuberty and puberty (P < 0.05) in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. In hypothalamic cells, Ptprn-2 knockdown decreased the expression of Ptprn-2 and Rfrp-3 mRNA (P < 0.05) and increased the levels of Gnrh and Kiss-1 mRNA (P < 0.05). Ptprn-2 knockdown in the hypothalamus resulted in delayed vaginal opening compared to the control group (n = 12, P < 0.01), and Ptprn-2, Gnrh, and Kiss-1 mRNA levels (P < 0.05) all decreased, while the expression of Igf-1 (P < 0.05) and Rfrp-3 mRNA (P < 0.01) increased. The concentrations of FSH and P4 in the serum of Ptprn-2 knockdown rats were lower than in control animals (P < 0.05). Large transverse perimeters and longitudinal perimeters (P < 0.05) were found in the ovaries of Ptprn-2 knockdown rats. There were fewer large secretory particles from gonadotropin cells in adenohypophysis tissue of the Ptprn-2 knockdown group compared to the control group. This indicates that Ptprn-2 knockdown can regulate levels of Gnrh, Kiss-1, and Rfrp-3 mRNA in the hypothalamus, regulate the concentration of serum FSH and P4, and alter the morphology of ovarian and gonadotropin cells, delaying the onset of puberty in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiezhu Kang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ping Qin
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Zhiqiu Yao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Hongguo Cao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Juhua Wang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Fugui Fang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China; Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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14
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Lv F, Fan G, Wan Y, Chen Y, Ni Y, Huang J, Xu D, Zhang W, Wang H. Intrauterine endogenous high glucocorticoids program ovarian dysfunction in female offspring secondary to prenatal caffeine exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147691. [PMID: 34082199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian dysfunction has an intrauterine origin, and prenatal caffeine exposure (PCE) could lead to abnormal follicle counts in offspring after birth. However, the effect of PCE on offspring ovarian function and its mechanism of intrauterine programming have not been reported thus far. In this study, pregnant Wistar rats were intragastrically administered caffeine (30 and 120 mg/kg·d) at gestational days 9-20 (GD9-20). Certain tests were performed on the blood, ovaries and hypothalamus of female offspring at different time points. PCE female offspring had ovarian dysfunction in adulthood compared with the control. Further results showed that in utero ovarian morphological development and estradiol synthesis were inhibited but rapidly increased during puberty in the PCE group. The histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) level of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) promoter region and its expression were decreased in the ovary, which was due to exposure to high levels of fetal blood corticosterone, and the H3K27ac level of IGF1 and its expression shifted to increase after birth with a decrease in serum corticosterone levels. Chronic stress led to increased serum corticosterone levels in adult offspring, whereas ovarian morphological development, the H3K27ac level of IGF1 and its expression, and estradiol synthesis were significantly inhibited. Moreover, the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis was increased in the early postnatal period of PCE offspring, and chronic stress reversed these changes. In the KGN cell line, it was found that cortisol could promote the translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) into the nucleus and upregulate histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) to inhibit the H3K27ac level of IGF1 and its expression and estradiol synthesis. In summary, PCE is associated with ovarian dysfunction in female adult offspring, and the potential mechanism is related to intrauterine high glucocorticoid exposure by activating the GR and recruiting HDAC10 to affect ovarian glucocorticoid-IGF1 axis programming and to inhibit estradiol synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guanlan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yang Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yunxi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuan Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
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15
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Costermans NGJ, Soede NM, van Tricht F, Blokland M, Kemp B, Keijer J, Teerds KJ. Follicular fluid steroid profile in sows: relationship to follicle size and oocyte quality†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:740-749. [PMID: 31786607 PMCID: PMC7068110 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of reliable characteristics of follicle quality and developmental competence has been pursued in numerous studies, but with inconsistent outcomes. Here, we aimed to identify these characteristics by analysis of the follicular fluid (FF) steroid profile in relation to cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) morphology and follicle size, followed by molecular substantiation. Multiparous sows at weaning were used to facilitate analysis at the start of the follicular phase of the oestrus cycle. Sows with a higher average follicle size (≥5 mm vs. < 5 mm) had a higher follicular fluid β-estradiol concentration, but did not differ in other measured steroids. Sows with high compared to low percentage high-quality COCs (<70% vs. ≥70% high-quality) had follicular fluid with a higher concentration of β-estradiol, 19-norandrostenedione, progesterone, and α-testosterone, while the concentration of cortisol was lower. Transcriptome analysis of granulosa cells of healthy follicles of sows with a high percentage high-quality COCs showed higher abundance of transcripts involved in ovarian steroidogenesis (e.g., CYP19A2 and 3, POR, VEGFA) and growth (IGF1) and differential abundance of transcripts involved in granulosa cell apoptosis (e.g., GADD45A, INHBB). Differences in aromatase transcript abundance (CYP19A1, 2 and 3) were confirmed at the protein level. In addition, sows with a high percentage high-quality COCs lost less weight during lactation and had higher plasma IGF1 concentration at weaning, which may have affected COC quality. To the best of our knowledge, this study is also the first to report the relation between FF steroid profile and COC quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G J Costermans
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - N M Soede
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - F van Tricht
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Blokland
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - K J Teerds
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Mostafa T, Abdel-Hamid IA. Ejaculatory dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:954-974. [PMID: 34326948 PMCID: PMC8311479 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i7.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency, in the background of β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or both. Such chronic hyperglycemia is linked to long-term damage to blood vessels, nerves, and various organs. Currently, the worldwide burden of DM and its complications is in increase. Male sexual dysfunction is one of the famous complications of DM, including abnormal orgasmic/ejaculatory functions, desire/libido, and erection. Ejaculatory dysfunction encompasses several disorders related to DM and its complications, such as premature ejaculation, anejaculation (AE), delayed ejaculation, retrograde ejaculation (RE), ejaculatory pain, anesthetic ejaculation, decreased ejaculate volume, and decreased force of ejaculation. The problems linked to ejaculatory dysfunction may extend beyond the poor quality of life in diabetics as both AE and RE are alleged to alter the fertility potential of these patients. However, although both diabetes patients and their physicians are increasingly aware of diabetic ejaculatory dysfunction, this awareness still lags behind that of other diabetes complications. Therefore, all these disorders should be looked for thoroughly during the clinical evaluation of diabetic men. Besides, introducing the suitable option and/or maneuvers to treat these disorders should be tailored according to each case. This review aimed to explore the most important findings regarding ejaculatory dysfunction in diabetes from pre-clinical and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taymour Mostafa
- Department of Andrology & Sexology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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17
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Guo JY, Zhang YQ, Li Y, Li H. Comparison of the difference in serum insulin growth factor-1 levels between chronological age and bone age among children. Clin Biochem 2021; 96:63-70. [PMID: 34256051 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE By measuring serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in children aged 2-16, we aimed to analyze the changes in IGF-1 levels in different sex and age groups, and compare the consistency of IGF-1 results evaluated by chronological age (CA) and bone age (BA) in children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2017 and December 2020 among 2979 relatively healthy children who attended the Department of Growth and Development outpatient clinic and health care center of the Affiliated Children's Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics and underwent health examination and development assessment. Height, weight, and Tanner pubertal stage were measured by pediatricians. The CHN method was used to estimate BA. Venous blood samples were collected from the children, and IGF-1 levels were determined via chemiluminescence. RESULTS IGF-1 levels in childhood increased slowly with age, dramatically during puberty,and continuously withgrowth until to 15 years for boys and reached a peak value at 13 years for girls based on CA. IGF-1 levels reached peak values at 14 and 13 years for boys and girls, respectively, based on BA. There were differences in IGF-1 values between the CA and BA groups at the age of 10-11 years for boys and 7-11 years for girls. A total of 103 boys (7.7%) and 17 girls (1.0%) had IGF-1 levels below the lower limit of the reference range based on CA; evaluating based on BA, there were 82 boys (6.1%) and 15 girls (0.9%) still had IGF-1 values less than the lower limit of the reference range. Eighteen boys (1.3%) and 173 girls (10.5%) had IGF-1 levels above the upper limit of the reference range based on CA; evaluating based on BA, these numbers reduced to 5 (0.4%) among boys and 41 (2.5%) among girls. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant difference between BA and CA in evaluating IGF-1 levels in children, which can significantly reduce the proportion of IGF-1 values above the upper limit of the kit reference range in children. This suggests that children with BA advanced in pubertal period, the evaluating results of IGF-1 should be corrected by using BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yun Guo
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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Alaaraj N, Soliman A, Hamed N, Alyafei F, De Sanctis V. Understanding the complex role of mTORC as an intracellular critical mediator of whole-body metabolism in anorexia nervosa: A mini review. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021170. [PMID: 33682848 PMCID: PMC7975969 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i1.11342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a kind of malnutrition resulting from chronic self-induced starvation. The reported associated endocrine changes (adaptive and non-adaptive) include hypothalamic amenorrhea, a nutritionally acquired growth hormone resistance with low insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) secretion, relative hypercortisolemia, decreased leptin and insulin concentrations, and increased ghrelin, Peptide YY (PYY) and adiponectin secretion. The combined effect of malnutrition and endocrinopathy may have deleterious effects on multi-organs including bone, gonads, thyroid gland, and brain (neurocognition, anxiety, depression, and other psychopathologies). The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a kinase that in humans is encoded by the mTOR gene. Recent studies suggest an important role of mTOR complex in integration of nutrient and hormone signals to adjust energy homeostasis. In this review, we tried to elucidate the role/s of mTOR as critical mediator of the cellular response in anorexia nervosa. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Alaaraj
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ashraf Soliman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Noor Hamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Fawziya Alyafei
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
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Vastagh C, Csillag V, Solymosi N, Farkas I, Liposits Z. Gonadal Cycle-Dependent Expression of Genes Encoding Peptide-, Growth Factor-, and Orphan G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Gonadotropin- Releasing Hormone Neurons of Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:594119. [PMID: 33551743 PMCID: PMC7863983 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.594119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising serum estradiol triggers the surge release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at late proestrus leading to ovulation. We hypothesized that proestrus evokes alterations in peptidergic signaling onto GnRH neurons inducing a differential expression of neuropeptide-, growth factor-, and orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes. Thus, we analyzed the transcriptome of GnRH neurons collected from intact, proestrous and metestrous GnRH-green fluorescent protein (GnRH-GFP) transgenic mice using Affymetrix microarray technique. Proestrus resulted in a differential expression of genes coding for peptide/neuropeptide receptors including Adipor1, Prokr1, Ednrb, Rtn4r, Nmbr, Acvr2b, Sctr, Npr3, Nmur1, Mc3r, Cckbr, and Amhr2. In this gene cluster, Adipor1 mRNA expression was upregulated and the others were downregulated. Expression of growth factor receptors and their related proteins was also altered showing upregulation of Fgfr1, Igf1r, Grb2, Grb10, and Ngfrap1 and downregulation of Egfr and Tgfbr2 genes. Gpr107, an orphan GPCR, was upregulated during proestrus, while others were significantly downregulated (Gpr1, Gpr87, Gpr18, Gpr62, Gpr125, Gpr183, Gpr4, and Gpr88). Further affected receptors included vomeronasal receptors (Vmn1r172, Vmn2r-ps54, and Vmn1r148) and platelet-activating factor receptor (Ptafr), all with marked downregulation. Patch-clamp recordings from mouse GnRH-GFP neurons carried out at metestrus confirmed that the differentially expressed IGF-1, secretin, and GPR107 receptors were operational, as their activation by specific ligands evoked an increase in the frequency of miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs). These findings show the contribution of certain novel peptides, growth factors, and ligands of orphan GPCRs to regulation of GnRH neurons and their preparation for the surge release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Vastagh
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Csillag
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Solymosi
- Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Farkas
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Liposits
- Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
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Sun J, Shen X, Liu H, Lu S, Peng J, Kuang H. Caloric restriction in female reproduction: is it beneficial or detrimental? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:1. [PMID: 33397418 PMCID: PMC7780671 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00681-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), an energy-restricted intervention with undernutrition instead of malnutrition, is widely known to prolong lifespan and protect against the age-related deteriorations. Recently it is found that CR significantly affects female reproduction via hypothalamic (corticotropin releasing hormone, neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide) and peripheral (leptin, ghrelin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor) mediators, which can regulate the energy homeostasis. Although CR reduces the fertility in female mammals, it exerts positive effects like preserving reproductive capacity. In this review, we aim to discuss the comprehensive effects of CR on the central hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and peripheral ovary and uterus. In addition, we emphasize the influence of CR during pregnancy and highlight the relationship between CR and reproductive-associated diseases. Fully understanding and analyzing the effects of CR on the female reproduction could provide better strategies for the management and prevention of female reproductive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Sun
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical medicine, School of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Siying Lu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Gynecology, Nanchang HongDu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 264 MinDe Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibin Kuang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Medical Experimental Teaching Center of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Bálint F, Csillag V, Vastagh C, Liposits Z, Farkas I. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Increases GABAergic Neurotransmission to GnRH Neurons via Suppressing the Retrograde Tonic Endocannabinoid Signaling Pathway in Mice. Neuroendocrinology 2021; 111:1219-1230. [PMID: 33361699 DOI: 10.1159/000514043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypophysiotropic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons orchestrate various physiological events that control the onset of puberty. Previous studies showed that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) induces the secretion of GnRH and accelerates the onset of puberty, suggesting a regulatory role of this hormone upon GnRH neurons. METHODS To reveal responsiveness of GnRH neurons to IGF-1 and elucidate molecular pathways acting downstream to the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), in vitro electrophysiological experiments were carried out on GnRH-GFP neurons in acute brain slices from prepubertal (23-29 days) and pubertal (50 days) male mice. RESULTS Administration of IGF-1 (13 nM) significantly increased the firing rate and frequency of spontaneous postsynaptic currents and that of excitatory GABAergic miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs). No GABAergic mPSCs were induced by IGF-1 in the presence of the GABAA-R blocker picrotoxin. The increase in the mPSC frequency was prevented by the use of the IGF-1R antagonist, JB1 (1 µM), or the intracellularly applied PI3K blocker (LY294002, 50 µM), showing involvement of IGF-1R and PI3K in the mechanism. Blockade of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, an element of the tonic retrograde endocannabinoid machinery, by AMG9810 (10 µM) or antagonizing the cannabinoid receptor type-1 by AM251 (1 µM) abolished the effect. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION These findings indicate that IGF-1 arrests the tonic retrograde endocannabinoid pathway in GnRH neurons, and this disinhibition increases the release of GABA from presynaptic terminals that, in turn, activates GnRH neurons leading to the fine-tuning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flóra Bálint
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Csillag
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Budapest, Hungary
- Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vastagh
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Liposits
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Farkas
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Budapest, Hungary,
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Li S, Zhang L, Wei N, Tai Z, Yu C, Xu Z. Research Progress on the Effect of Epilepsy and Antiseizure Medications on PCOS Through HPO Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:787854. [PMID: 34992582 PMCID: PMC8726549 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.787854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease that manifests as recurrent seizures. The incidence and prevalence of epilepsy in women are slightly lower than those in men. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a reproductive endocrine system disease, is a complication that women with epilepsy are susceptible to, and its total prevalence is 8%-13% in the female population and sometimes as high as 26% in female epilepsy patients. The rate of PCOS increased markedly in female patients who chose valproate (VPA), to 1.95 times higher than that of other drugs. In addition, patients receiving other anti-seizure medications (ASMs), such as lamotrigine (LTG), oxcarbazepine (OXC), and carbamazepine (CBZ), also have reproductive endocrine abnormalities. Some scholars believe that the increase in incidence is related not only to epilepsy itself but also to ASMs. Epileptiform discharges can affect the activity of the pulse generator and then interfere with the reproductive endocrine system by breaking the balance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. ASMs may also cause PCOS-like disorders of the reproductive endocrine system through the HPO axis. Moreover, other factors such as hormone metabolism and related signalling pathways also play a role in it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zucai Xu
- *Correspondence: Changyin Yu, ; Zucai Xu,
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Central Ceramide Signaling Mediates Obesity-Induced Precocious Puberty. Cell Metab 2020; 32:951-966.e8. [PMID: 33080217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity, especially in girls, is frequently bound to earlier puberty, which is linked to higher disease burden later in life. The mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. Here we show that brain ceramides participate in the control of female puberty and contribute to its alteration in early-onset obesity in rats. Postnatal overweight caused earlier puberty and increased hypothalamic ceramide content, while pharmacological activation of ceramide synthesis mimicked the pubertal advancement caused by obesity, specifically in females. Conversely, central blockade of de novo ceramide synthesis delayed puberty and prevented the effects of the puberty-activating signal, kisspeptin. This phenomenon seemingly involves a circuit encompassing the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and ovarian sympathetic innervation. Early-onset obesity enhanced PVN expression of SPTLC1, a key enzyme for ceramide synthesis, and advanced the maturation of the ovarian noradrenergic system. In turn, obesity-induced pubertal precocity was reversed by virogenetic suppression of SPTLC1 in the PVN. Our data unveil a pathway, linking kisspeptin, PVN ceramides, and sympathetic ovarian innervation, as key for obesity-induced pubertal precocity.
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Soto J, Pereira A, Busch AS, Almstrup K, Corvalan C, Iñiguez G, Juul A, Mericq V. Reproductive hormones during pubertal transition in girls with transient Thelarche. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:296-304. [PMID: 32419140 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Transient thelarche (TT), that is, the appearance, regression and subsequent reappearance of breast buds, is a frequent phenomenon, but little is known about pubertal transition in these girls. OBJECTIVE To describe pubertal progression, growth, genotypes, reproductive hormones and growth factors in girls with TT compared to those who do not present TT (non-TT). DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal population-based study. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Girls (n = 508) of the Chilean Growth and Obesity cohort. MEASUREMENTS Pubertal progression, reproductive hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) beta subunit/FSH receptor gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and growth. RESULTS Thirty-seven girls (7.3%) were presented TT. These girls entered puberty by pubarche more frequently (51%) than girls with normal progression (non-TT; n = 471; 23%, P = .005). Girls with TT who were under 8 years old had lower androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and oestradiol (all P < .05) than older girls with TT. At the time of Tanner breast stage 2 (B2), girls with TT had higher androgens, LH, FSH, IGF1, LH, insulin and oestradiol (P < .01) than at the time of TT. TT girls were older at B2 (10.3 ± 1.1 vs. 9.2 ± 1.2 years, P < .001) and menarche (12.3 ± 0.8 vs. 12.0 ± 1.0 years, P = .040) than their counterparts (non-TT). No differences in anthropometric variables or FSHB/FSHR genotypes were detected. CONCLUSION Transient thelarche is a frequent phenomenon that does not appear to be mediated by hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation or by adiposity. Hormonal differences between earlier TT and later TT suggest that their mechanisms are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Soto
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Maternal and Child Research (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Siegfried Busch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - German Iñiguez
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Maternal and Child Research (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Veronica Mericq
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Maternal and Child Research (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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The association between menarche and myopia and its interaction with related risk behaviors among Chinese school-aged girls: a nationwide cross-sectional study. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 11:573-579. [PMID: 32799955 DOI: 10.1017/s204017442000077x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 80% of new cases of myopia arise between 9 and 13 years old when puberty development also progresses rapidly. However, little is known about the association between myopia and puberty. We aim to evaluate the association between myopia and menarche, the most important puberty indicator for girls, and to test whether menarche could modify the effects of myopia-related behaviors. The participants came from two consecutive national surveys conducted in 30 provinces in mainland China in 2010 and 2014. We included 102,883 girls (61% had experienced menarche) aged 10-15 years. Risk behaviors for myopia which included sleep duration, homework time, and outdoor activity were measured by self-administrated questionnaire. Myopia was defined according to a validated method, and its relationships with menarche status and behaviors were evaluated by robust Poisson regression models based on generalized estimated equation adjusting for cluster effect of school. We found that postmenarche girls were at 13% (95% confidence interval: 11%-16%) higher risk of myopia than premenarche girls, after adjusting for exact age, urban-rural location, survey year, and four behavioral covariates. Short sleep duration (<7 h/d), long homework time (>1 h/d) and low frequency of weekend outdoor activity tended to be stronger (with higher prevalence ratios associated with myopia) risk factors for myopia in postmenarche girls than in premenarche girls, and their interaction with menarche status was all statistically significant (P < 0.05). Overall, our study suggests that menarche onset may be associated with increased risk of myopia among school-aged girls and could also enhance girls' sensitivity to myopia-related risk behaviors.
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Hur J, West KP, Shamim AA, Rashid M, Labrique AB, Wu LS, Ali H, Ullah B, Schulze KJ, Klemm RD, Christian P. Thinness and fecundability: Time to pregnancy after adolescent marriage in rural Bangladesh. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16:e12985. [PMID: 32207581 PMCID: PMC7296800 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Undernutrition may affect fecundability, but few studies have quantified this relationship. In rural Bangladesh, where newlywed couples face strong pressures to become pregnant, we assessed fecundability, estimated by time to pregnancy (TTP), and its association with preconceptional thinness among nulligravid, newlywed female adolescents. During 2001-2002, 5,516 newlywed women aged 12-19 years participated in a home-based, 5-weekly surveillance system for 5-6 years to enrol pregnant women into an antenatal vitamin A or β-carotene supplementation trial. Thinness was defined as a left mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ≤21.5 versus >21.5 cm. At each visit, staff obtained a monthly history of menstruation. Report of amenorrhea prompted a human chorionic gonadotropin urine test to confirm pregnancy. We derived hazard ratios (with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) for pregnancy and Kaplan-Meier curves for TTP. Ages of women at marriage and pregnancy detection (mean ± standard deviation) were 15.3 ± 1.9 and 17.0 ± 1.9 years, respectively. A total of 82.7% of thinner and 87.3% of better nourished women became pregnant. The unadjusted and multivariable relative hazard of ever becoming pregnant was 0.84 (95% CI [0.78, 0.89]) and 0.86 (95% CI [0.81, 0.92]), respectively, and TTP was 12 weeks longer (median [95% CI]: 63 [58-68] vs. 51 [49-54]) in women whose MUAC was ≤21.5 versus >21.5 cm. In rural Bangladesh, thin adolescent newlywed girls have a lower probability of becoming pregnant and experience a longer time to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Hur
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Keith P. West
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | | | | | - Alain B. Labrique
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Lee S.F. Wu
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | | | - Barkat Ullah
- Department of NutritionUniversity of California, DavisDavisCalifornia
| | - Kerry J. Schulze
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Rolf D.W. Klemm
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Parul Christian
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International HealthJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMaryland
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Shao P, Wang Y, Zhang M, Wen X, Zhang J, Xu Z, Hu M, Jiang J, Liu T. The interference of DEHP in precocious puberty of females mediated by the hypothalamic IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:362-369. [PMID: 31212184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
DEHP is reported to cause precocious puberty of females in both humans and rodents, but the underlying mechanisms were largely unknown. This study was designed to clarify the effects and the mechanisms of DEHP on the pathogenesis of sexual precocity. Prepubertal female rats were treated with DEHP for 4 weeks. Key organs were analyzed in control conditions and after exposure to 0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg/day DEHP in pubertal female rats. To determine the role of the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in DEHP-induced female precocious puberty, 36 rats were treated with 5 mg/kg/day DEHP to establish a model of female precocious puberty. And we investigated the expression of genes and proteins related to IGF-1 pathway in rat hypothalamus after treatment with inhibitors. In the present study, we observed that DEHP treatment resulted in earlier vaginal opening time, higher number of Nissl bodies in the hypothalamus neurons, lower apoptosis of hypothalamic cells, higher IGF-1 and GnRH levels in the serum and hypothalamus. DEHP could also upregulated the expression of IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and GnRH in the hypothalamus of adolescent female rats, and inhibition of IGF-1R and mTOR in hypothalamus could block the activation of Kiss-1, GPR54, and GnRH by DEHP. In summary, our study suggested that DEHP might activate the hypothalamic GnRH neurons prematurely through the IGF-1 signaling pathway and promote GnRH release, leading to the initiation of female sexual development. Our results provide a new molecular mechanism underlying reproductive and developmental toxicity in pubertal female rats induced by DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Shao
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinggui Wen
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghang Xu
- Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Te Liu
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Dietary Intake of Selenium in Relation to Pubertal Development in Mexican Children. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071595. [PMID: 31337124 PMCID: PMC6682956 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in pubertal timing have been associated with long-term health outcomes. While a few reports have shown that dietary intake of selenium is associated with fertility and testosterone levels in men, no human studies have considered the association between selenium and pubertal development in children. We examined the cross-sectional association of childhood dietary intake of selenium with pubertal development among 274 girls and 245 boys aged 10–18 years in Mexico City. Multiple logistic and ordinal regression models were used to capture the association between energy-adjusted selenium intake (below Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) vs. above RDA) and stages of sexual maturity in children, adjusted for covariates. We found that boys with consumption of selenium below the RDA had lower odds of a higher stage for pubic hair growth (odds ratio (OR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.27–0.97) and genital development (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.28–0.99) as well as a lower probability of having matured testicular volume (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15–0.88) compared with boys who had adequate daily dietary intake of selenium (above RDA). No associations were found in girls. According to our results, it is possible that inadequate consumption of selenium may be associated with later pubertal development in boys, suggesting a sex-specific pattern. Future work with a larger sample size and measures of selenium biomarkers is needed to confirm our findings and improve understanding of the role of this mineral in children’s sexual development.
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Prentice A, Ward KA, Nigdikar S, Hawkesworth S, Moore SE. Pregnancy supplementation of Gambian mothers with calcium carbonate alters mid-childhood IGF1 in a sex-specific manner. Bone 2019; 120:314-320. [PMID: 30465917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation have been reported in 8-12 year old Gambian children, indicating faster growth in boys but slower growth in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the pregnancy supplement resulted in sex-specific effects on offspring IGF1 and other growth-related indices in mid-childhood. DESIGN Analysis of archived data obtained in mid-childhood from the children of rural Gambian mothers who had been randomised to 1500 mgCa/d (Ca) or placebo (P) from 20 weeks pregnancy to delivery (ISRCTN96502494). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Of the 526 children born and followed in infancy, 290 had early-morning, fasting plasma assayed for IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin, insulin and calcium-related indices and had anthropometry performed at age 7.5 (SD1.2) years (N/group: Males(M)-Ca = 64, Females(F)-Ca = 77; M-P = 76, F-P = 73). Sex-specific effects of maternal supplementation were considered using regression with sexes separated and together to test for sex ∗ supplement interactions. RESULTS Boys had lower IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin and insulin than girls (P ≤ 0.004). IGF1 was higher in M-Ca than M-P (+14.2 (SE7.7)%, P = 0.05) but lower in F-Ca than F-P (-17.8 (SE7.4)%, P = 0.01); sex ∗ supplement interaction P = 0.001. IGF1 concentrations (ng/ml, geometric mean [-1SE,+1SE]) were M-Ca = 78.1[4.3,4.5], M-P = 67.8[3.4,3.6]; F-Ca = 99.5[4.8,5.1], F-P = 118.9[6.4,6.8]. Similar sex ∗ supplement interactions were seen for IGFBP3 and IGF1-adjusted-for-IGFBP3 but group differences were smaller. There were no significant supplement effects on the other biochemical indices. CONCLUSIONS Calcium carbonate supplementation of pregnant Gambian mothers resulted in higher IGF1 in boys and lower IGF1 in girls during mid-childhood, consistent with the reported maternal supplement effects on growth of the offspring in later childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Prentice
- Medical Research Council Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 9NL, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Keneba, MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, P.O. Box 273, The Gambia.
| | - Kate A Ward
- Medical Research Council Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 9NL, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Shailja Nigdikar
- Medical Research Council Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 9NL, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hawkesworth
- Medical Research Council International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Medical Research Council Keneba, MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, P.O. Box 273, The Gambia; Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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Szeniczey T, Marcsik A, Ács Z, Balassa T, Bernert Z, Bakó K, Czuppon T, Endrődi A, Évinger S, Farkas Z, Hlavenková L, Hoppál K, Kálmán Kiss C, Kiss K, Kocsis K, Kovács LO, Kovács PF, Köhler K, Költő L, Kővári I, László O, Lovász G, Lovranits J, Lukács J, Masek Z, Merczi M, Molnár E, Németh CE, Ódor JG, Paja L, Pap I, Patay R, Rácz I, Rácz Z, Ritoók Á, Szenthe G, Szilas G, Szőke BM, Tóth Z, Vida T, Wolff K, Finnegan M, Hajdu T. Hyperostosis frontalis interna in ancient populations from the Carpathian Basin - A possible relationship between lifestyle and risk of development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2019; 24:108-118. [PMID: 30342349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) was examined in different periods of the Carpathian Basin from 4900 BCE to 17th century AD. The study seeks to evaluate temporal changes in HFI and the possible impact of lifestyle on it. MATERIALS The studied material consisted of 4668 crania from Hungary and Serbia. METHODS The crania were analyzed employing macroscopic and endoscopic examination. RESULTS In historic periods, sex and age played a pivotal role in HFI development. Among predominantly pastoralist populations of the 5th-8th and 10th centuries, prevalence of HFI was considerably higher than in the medieval populations of the 9th-17th centuries. CONCLUSIONS In addition to age and sex, other factors could be implicated in HFI development. The physiological effects of the pastoralist lifestyle and diet on insulin regulation could explain the increased risk of developing HFI in the 5th-8th and 10th-century populations. SIGNIFICANCE The study provides the first comprehensive dataset of HFI from different archaeological periods from the Carpathian Basin. It has implications for lifestyle and risk of HFI development in past populations. LIMITATIONS The archaeological periods are not equally represented. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH In order to better understand the etiology of HFI, lifestyle factors can be used to elucidate the risk of developing HFI in ancient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Szeniczey
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
| | - Antónia Marcsik
- Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Ács
- Department of Archaeological Excavations and Artefact Processing, Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | | | - Zsolt Bernert
- Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Katalin Bakó
- Budavári Ingatlanfejlesztő és Üzemeltető Nonprofit Ltd., Budapest, H-1013, Hungary
| | | | - Anna Endrődi
- Department of Prehistoric and Migration Period, Budapest History Museum, Aquincum Museum and Archaeological Park, H-1014, H-1031, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Évinger
- Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | | | - Lucia Hlavenková
- Institute for History of Medicine and Foreign Languages, Charles University, Prague, 121 08, Czech Republic
| | - Krisztina Hoppál
- Silk Road Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Eötvös Loránd University-Szeged University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Krisztián Kiss
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Kinga Kocsis
- Roska Tamás Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary; Neuronal Network and Behavior Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Loránd Olivér Kovács
- Department of Archaeological Excavations and Artefact Processing, Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | | | - Kitti Köhler
- Institute of Archaeology, Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1097, Hungary
| | | | - Ivett Kővári
- International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| | - Orsolya László
- Archaeological Heritage Directorate, Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, H-1113, Hungary
| | | | - Júlia Lovranits
- Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - József Lukács
- Budavári Ingatlanfejlesztő és Üzemeltető Nonprofit Ltd., Budapest, H-1013, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Masek
- Institute of Archaeology, Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1097, Hungary
| | | | - Erika Molnár
- Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Csilla Emese Németh
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | | | - László Paja
- Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Pap
- Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, H-1083, Hungary
| | - Róbert Patay
- Ferenczy Museum Center, Szentendre, H-2000, Hungary
| | - István Rácz
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary; Department of Archaeometry and Archaeological Methodology, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Rácz
- Department of Early Medieval and Historical Archaeology, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Ritoók
- Department of Archaeology, Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Gergely Szenthe
- Department of Archaeology, Hungarian National Museum, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szilas
- Department of Prehistoric and Migration Period, Budapest History Museum, Aquincum Museum and Archaeological Park, H-1014, H-1031, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Miklós Szőke
- Institute of Archaeology, Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, H-1097, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Dobó István Castle Museum, Eger, H-3300, Hungary
| | - Tivadar Vida
- Department of Early Medieval and Historical Archaeology, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Katalin Wolff
- Department of Early Medieval and Historical Archaeology, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1088, Hungary
| | - Michael Finnegan
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Tamás Hajdu
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary.
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Pan L, Liu G, Mao X, Li H, Zhang J, Liang H, Li X. Development of Prediction Models Using Machine Learning Algorithms for Girls with Suspected Central Precocious Puberty: Retrospective Study. JMIR Med Inform 2019; 7:e11728. [PMID: 30747712 PMCID: PMC6390190 DOI: 10.2196/11728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls seriously affects their physical and mental development in childhood. The method of diagnosis—gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)–stimulation test or GnRH analogue (GnRHa)–stimulation test—is expensive and makes patients uncomfortable due to the need for repeated blood sampling. Objective We aimed to combine multiple CPP–related features and construct machine learning models to predict response to the GnRHa-stimulation test. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed clinical and laboratory data of 1757 girls who underwent a GnRHa test in order to develop XGBoost and random forest classifiers for prediction of response to the GnRHa test. The local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) algorithm was used with the black-box classifiers to increase their interpretability. We measured sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of the models. Results Both the XGBoost and random forest models achieved good performance in distinguishing between positive and negative responses, with the AUC ranging from 0.88 to 0.90, sensitivity ranging from 77.91% to 77.94%, and specificity ranging from 84.32% to 87.66%. Basal serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I levels were found to be the three most important factors. In the interpretable models of LIME, the abovementioned variables made high contributions to the prediction probability. Conclusions The prediction models we developed can help diagnose CPP and may be used as a prescreening tool before the GnRHa-stimulation test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Pan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjian Liu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Mao
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huixian Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiying Liang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- Department of Genetics and Endocrinology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Munive V, Zegarra-Valdivia JA, Herrero-Labrador R, Fernandez AM, Aleman IT. Loss of the interaction between estradiol and insulin-like growth factor I in brain endothelial cells associates to changes in mood homeostasis during peri-menopause in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:174-184. [PMID: 30636168 PMCID: PMC6339786 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that exercise increases resilience to stress in young female mice. Underlying mechanisms include an interaction of the ovarian hormone estradiol (E2) with insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and an increase in the hippocampal levels of the latter. Since changes in mood regulation during aging may contribute to increasing incidence of affective disorders at older age, we determined whether the protective actions of exercise are maintained at later ages. We found that during peri-menopause, exercise no longer improves resilience to stress and even becomes anxiogenic. Furthermore, the interaction seen in young females between the E2 α receptor (ERα) and the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) is lost at middle-age. In addition, E2 no longer induces IGF-I uptake by brain endothelial cells, and consequently, hippocampal IGF-I levels do not increase. Treatment of middle-aged females with an ERα agonist did not recover the positive actions of exercise. Collectively, these data indicate that the loss of action of exercise during peri-menopause may be related to a loss of the interaction of IGF-IR with ERα in brain endothelial cells that cannot be ameliorated by estrogen therapy. Changes in regulation of mood by physical activity may contribute to increased appearance of affective disorders along age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Munive
- Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Ciberned, Madrid, Spain
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33
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Devesa J, Caicedo D. The Role of Growth Hormone on Ovarian Functioning and Ovarian Angiogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:450. [PMID: 31379735 PMCID: PMC6646585 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although not yet well-understood, today it is clear that Growth Hormone (GH) exerts a relevant role in the regulation of ovulation and fertility; in fact, fertility is lower in women with GH deficiency (GHD), and GH receptors (GHR) and GH mRNA have been found in the ovary since the onset of follicular development in humans. However, despite the strong evidence of GH in the regulation of fertility, many aspects of GH actions at this level are still not well-established, and it is likely that some controversial data depend on the species analyzed, the dose of the hormone and the duration of use of GH. Folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation and maintenance are processes that are critically dependent on angiogenesis. In the ovary, new blood vessel formation facilitates oxygen, nutrients, and hormone substrate delivery, and also secures transfer of different hormones to targeted cells. Some growth factors and hormones overlap their actions in order to control the angiogenic process for fertility. However, we still know very little about the factors that play a critical role in the vascular changes that occur during folliculogenesis or luteal regression. To promote and maintain the production of VEGF-A in granulosa cells, the effects of local factors such as IGF-I and steroids are needed; that VEGF-A-inducing effect cannot be induced by luteinizing hormone (LH) or chorionic gonadotropin (CG) alone. As a result of the influences that GH exerts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, facilitating the release of gonadotropins, and given the relationship between GH and local ovarian factors such as VEGF-A, FGF-2, IGF-1, or production of sex steroids, we assume that GH has to be a necessary factor in ovarian angiogenesis, as it happens in other vascular beds. In this review we will discuss the actions of GH in the ovary, most of them likely due to the local production of the hormone and its mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra, Foundation Foltra, Teo, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jesús Devesa ;
| | - Diego Caicedo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Dobolyi A, Lékó AH. The insulin-like growth factor-1 system in the adult mammalian brain and its implications in central maternal adaptation. Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 52:181-194. [PMID: 30552909 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge on the bioavailability and actions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has markedly expanded in recent years as novel mechanisms were discovered on IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and their ability to release IGF-1. The new discoveries allowed a better understanding of the endogenous physiological actions of IGF-1 and also its applicability in therapeutics. The focus of the present review is to summarize novel findings on the neuronal, neuroendocrine and neuroplastic actions of IGF-1 in the adult brain. As most of the new regulatory mechanisms were described in the periphery, their implications on brain IGF system will also be covered. In addition, novel findings on the effects of IGF-1 on lactation and maternal behavior are described. Based on the enormous neuroplastic changes related to the peripartum period, IGF-1 has great but largely unexplored potential in maternal adaptation of the brain, which is highlighted in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpád Dobolyi
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - András H Lékó
- MTA-ELTE Laboratory of Molecular and Systems Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Laboratory of Neuromorphology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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35
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Feldman A, Saleh A, Pnueli L, Qiao S, Shlomi T, Boehm U, Melamed P. Sensitivity of pituitary gonadotropes to hyperglycemia leads to epigenetic aberrations and reduced follicle‐stimulating hormone levels. FASEB J 2018; 33:1020-1032. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800943r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alona Feldman
- Faculty of BiologyTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Ayah Saleh
- Faculty of BiologyTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Lilach Pnueli
- Faculty of BiologyTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Sen Qiao
- Experimental PharmacologyCenter for Molecular Signaling (PZMS)Saarland University School of Medicine Homburg Germany
| | - Tomer Shlomi
- Faculty of BiologyTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
- Department of Computer ScienceTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Experimental PharmacologyCenter for Molecular Signaling (PZMS)Saarland University School of Medicine Homburg Germany
| | - Philippa Melamed
- Faculty of BiologyTechnion–Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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36
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Kang MJ, Oh YJ, Shim YS, Baek JW, Yang S, Hwang IT. The usefulness of circulating levels of leptin, kisspeptin, and neurokinin B in obese girls with precocious puberty. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34:627-630. [PMID: 29303010 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1423467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationships of circulating leptin, kisspeptin, and neurokinin B (NKB) levels with precocious puberty (PP) in overweight/obese girls and evaluated the usefulness of these markers in the initiation of puberty. One hundred and twenty-eight girls aged 7.0-8.9 years with PP (group A, normal-weight; group B, overweight/obese) and 30 age-matched normal controls (NC) were enrolled. Serum levels of leptin, kisspeptin, and NKB were measured by commercial kits. Serum leptin levels were higher in group A (4.21 ng/mL) and B (5.64 ng/mL) compared to the NC (2.35 ng/mL, p < .001). Serum kisspeptin levels were lower in group A (0.59 ng/mL) than in group B (0.66 ng/mL, p = .018). Serum NKB levels were not different among the three groups. The predictive value of leptin (AUC =0.791) was lower than that of IGF-1 (AUC =0.917, p = .009), although both were significant markers for PP in the regression analysis. BMI z-score (AUC =0.806) was a predictive factor of PP. In conclusion, a higher level of leptin, IGF-1, and fatness in overweight/obese girls with PP compared to the NC confirms their roles in the regulation of puberty. Further research is needed if the effects of kisspeptin and NKB on puberty are limited at the levels of neurons or target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Kang
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joung Oh
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Shim
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Woo Baek
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yang
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Il Tae Hwang
- a Department of Pediatrics , Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon-si , Gangwon-do , Republic of Korea
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Gao X, Ye J, Yang C, Luo L, Liu Y, Ding J, Zhang Y, Ling Y, Huang W, Zhang X, Zhang K, Li X, Zhou J, Fang F, Cao Z. RNA-seq analysis of lncRNA-controlled developmental gene expression during puberty in goat & rat. BMC Genet 2018; 19:19. [PMID: 29609543 PMCID: PMC5879571 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Puberty is a pivotal stage in female animal development, and marks the onset of reproductive capability. However, little is known about the function of lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) in puberty. Therefore, RNA-seq analysis were performed between goats and rats to clarify the roles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the onset of puberty. Results In the present study, the length of lncRNAs, the length of the open reading frame and the exon count were compared between the two species. Furthermore, functional annotation analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of lncRNAs target genes and differentially expressed mRNA demonstrated the significantly enriched terms, such as AMPK signaling pathway, oxytocin signaling pathway, insulin secretion as well as pheromone receptor activity, and some other signaling pathways which were involved in the regulation of female puberty. Moreover, our results of siRNA interference in vitro showed the candidate lncRNA XLOC_446331 may play a crucial role in regulating female puberty. Conclusion In conclusion, the RNA-seq analysis between goat and rat provide novel candidate regulators for genetic and molecular studies on female puberty. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0608-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kaifa Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Fugui Fang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China. .,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China. .,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
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Muniyappa R, Sullivan SD, Tella SH, Abel BS, Harman SM, Blackman MR. Effects of growth hormone administration on luteinizing hormone secretion in healthy older men and women. Physiol Rep 2017; 5. [PMID: 29208686 PMCID: PMC5727275 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The known interactions between the somatotropic and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes have not been well delineated in older individuals. Aging-associated decline in insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels has been proposed to play a role in reproductive senescence in animals. However, the effects of GH on LH secretion are unknown in older individuals. Our objective was to determine whether GH modulates LH secretion or levels of sex steroids (SS) in healthy older (ages 65-88 years) men (n = 24) and women (n = 24) with low-normal plasma IGF-1 levels. In a double-masked, placebo-controlled (n = 24), randomized study, we evaluated the effects of GH (n = 24, 20 μg/kg sc 3×/week) for 26 weeks on nocturnal LH secretory dynamics [(8 pm to 8 am, Q20) min sampling and analyzed by multiparameter deconvolution algorithm]. Indices of LH secretion [frequency, mass per burst, pulsatile production rate, and approximate entropy (ApEn)] and fasting serum IGF-1, SHBG, and SS (TT, fT, or E2) were measured. At baseline, all indices of LH secretion (frequency, mass per burst, pulsatile production rate) were inversely (P < 0.05) related to IGF-1, but not to mean nocturnal serum GH concentrations. GH administration for 26 weeks increased serum IGF-1, but exerted no significant effects on LH secretory dynamics, or concentrations of SSs (TT, fT, or E2) or SHBG in older women or men. These data suggest that GH-mediated increases in IGF-1 do not modulate the HPG axis in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranganath Muniyappa
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shannon D Sullivan
- Department of Endocrinology, Georgetown University and Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sri Harsha Tella
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brent S Abel
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - S Mitchell Harman
- Endocrinology Section, Department of Medicine, Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Marc R Blackman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
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Bianchi VE, Locatelli V, Rizzi L. Neurotrophic and Neuroregenerative Effects of GH/IGF1. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112441. [PMID: 29149058 PMCID: PMC5713408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Human neurodegenerative diseases increase progressively with age and present a high social and economic burden. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are both growth factors exerting trophic effects on neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). GH and IGF-1 stimulate protein synthesis in neurons, glia, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells, and favor neuronal survival, inhibiting apoptosis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GH and IGF-1 on neurons, and their possible therapeutic clinical applications on neuron regeneration in human subjects. Methods. In the literature, we searched the clinical trials and followed up studies in humans, which have evaluated the effect of GH/IGF-1 on CNS and PNS. The following keywords have been used: “GH/IGF-1” associated with “neuroregeneration”, “amyotrophic lateral sclerosis”, “Alzheimer disease”, “Parkinson’s disease”, “brain”, and “neuron”. Results. Of the retrieved articles, we found nine articles about the effect of GH in healthy patients who suffered from traumatic brain injury (TBI), and six studies (four using IGF-1 and two GH therapy) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The administration of GH in patients after TBI showed a significantly positive recovery of brain and mental function. Treatment with GH and IGF-1 therapy in ALS produced contradictory results. Conclusions. Although strong findings have shown the positive effects of GH/IGF-1 administration on neuroregeneration in animal models, a very limited number of clinical studies have been conducted in humans. GH/IGF-1 therapy had different effects in patients with TBI, evidencing a high recovery of neurons and clinical outcome, while in ALS patients, the results are contradictory. More complex clinical protocols are necessary to evaluate the effect of GH/IGF-1 efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases. It seems evident that GH and IGF-1 therapy favors the optimal recovery of neurons when a consistent residual activity is still present. Furthermore, the effect of GH/IGF-1 could be mediated by, or be overlapped with that of other hormones, such as estradiol and testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Center Stella Maris, Strada Rovereta, 42-47891 Falciano, San Marino.
| | - Vittorio Locatelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca via Cadore, 48-20900 Monza Brianza, Italy.
| | - Laura Rizzi
- Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore, 48-20900 Monza Brianza, Italy.
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40
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Juul F, Chang VW, Brar P, Parekh N. Birth weight, early life weight gain and age at menarche: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Obes Rev 2017; 18:1272-1288. [PMID: 28872224 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Adiposity in pre- and postnatal life may influence menarcheal age. Existing evidence is primarily cross-sectional, failing to address temporality, for which the role of adiposity in early life remains unclear. The current study sought to systematically review longitudinal studies evaluating the associations between birth weight and infant/childhood weight status/weight gain in relation to menarcheal age. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Global Health (Ovid) and CINAHL were systematically searched. Selected studies were limited to English-language articles presenting multi-variable analyses. Seventeen studies reporting risk estimates for birth weight (n = 3), infant/childhood weight gain/weight status (n = 4) or both (n = 10), in relation to menarcheal age were included. RESULTS Lower vs. higher birth weight was associated with earlier menarche in nine studies and later menarche in one study, while three studies reported a null association. Greater BMI or weight gain over time and greater childhood weight were significantly associated with earlier menarche in nine of nine and six of seven studies, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Studies suggested that lower birth weight and higher body weight and weight gain in infancy and childhood may increase the risk of early menarche. The pre- and postnatal period may thus be an opportune time for weight control interventions to prevent early menarche, and its subsequent consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Juul
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - V W Chang
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Brar
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Parekh
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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41
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Tripathi T, Gupta P, Rai P, Sharma J, Gupta VK, Singh N. Osteocalcin and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 as biochemical skeletal maturity indicators. Prog Orthod 2017; 18:30. [PMID: 28967046 PMCID: PMC5623659 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-017-0184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With change in concepts of growth determination methods, there is a surge in the measurement of biomarkers for appraisal of growth status. Osteocalcin is a bone-specific protein and was observed to parallel the normal growth curve. Hence, the present study was intended to assess the levels of serum osteocalcin and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and compare them with cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI) stages. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed on 150 subjects (75 males and 75 females) in the age group of 8–20 years and segregated into six CVMI stages. Serum osteocalcin and IGF-1 were estimated by ELISA. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean ranks of serum osteocalcin and serum IGF-1 with different CVMI stages. Spearman correlation was performed to find association between serum osteocalcin and serum IGF-1 across six CVMI stages. Results Peak serum IGF-1 levels were obtained at CVMI stages 4 and 3 for males and females, respectively, with insignificant difference between stages 3 and 4 in females. Peak serum osteocalcin levels were found at stage 5 and 3 for males and females with insignificant difference from other stages except stages 5 and 6 in males. A statistically significant correlation was seen between serum IGF-1 and serum osteocalcin across six CVMI stages (P < 0.01). Conclusions Osteocalcin followed IGF-1 across all CVMI stages but showed insignificant interstage differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Tripathi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India.
| | - Prateek Gupta
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Priyank Rai
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Jitender Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
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42
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Yan L, Sun S, Qu L. Insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells under high glucose conditions. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1253-1260. [PMID: 28902344 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) promotes human dental pulp stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. However, the effects of IGF-1 on the proliferation, apoptosis and odontoblastic differentiation (mineralization) of dental pulp cells (DPCs) under high glucose (GLU) conditions remain unclear. In this study, isolated primary human DPCs were treated with various concentrations of high GLU. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays, respectively. The cells were cultured in odontoblastic induction medium containing various concentrations of high GLU. Odontoblastic differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. Mineralization formation was evaluated by von Kossa staining. The expression levels of IGF family members were measured by western blot analysis and RT-qPCR during proliferation and differentiation. The cells were then exposed to 25 mM GLU and various concentrations of IGF-1. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, ALP activity, mineralization formation and the levels of mineralization-related proteins were then evaluated. Our results revealed that high GLU significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. GLU (25 and 50 mM) markedly reduced ALP activity and mineralization on days 7 and 14 after differentiation. The levels of IGF family members were markedly decreased by high GLU during proliferation and differentiation. However, IGF-1 significantly reversed the effects of high GLU on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Additionally, IGF-1 markedly restored the reduction of ALP activity and mineralization induced by high GLU. Our findings thus indicate that IGF-1 attenuates the high GLU-induced inhibition of DPC proliferation, differentiation and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yan
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Shangmin Sun
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Liu Qu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
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L-López F, Sarmento-Cabral A, Herrero-Aguayo V, Gahete MD, Castaño JP, Luque RM. Obesity and metabolic dysfunction severely influence prostate cell function: role of insulin and IGF1. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1893-1904. [PMID: 28244645 PMCID: PMC5571563 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major health problem that courses with severe comorbidities and a drastic impairment of homeostasis and function of several organs, including the prostate gland (PG). The endocrine–metabolic regulatory axis comprising growth hormone (GH), insulin and IGF1, which is drastically altered under extreme metabolic conditions such as obesity, also plays relevant roles in the development, modulation and homeostasis of the PG. However, its implication in the pathophysiological interplay between obesity and prostate function is still to be elucidated. To explore this association, we used a high fat–diet obese mouse model, as well as in vitro primary cultures of normal‐mouse PG cells and human prostate cancer cell lines. This approach revealed that most of the components of the GH/insulin/IGF1 regulatory axis are present in PGs, where their expression pattern is altered under obesity conditions and after an acute insulin treatment (e.g. Igfbp3), which might have some pathophysiological implications. Moreover, our results demonstrate, for the first time, that the PG becomes severely insulin resistant under diet‐induced obesity in mice. Finally, use of in vitro approaches served to confirm and expand the conception that insulin and IGF1 play a direct, relevant role in the control of normal and pathological PG cell function. Altogether, these results uncover a fine, germane crosstalk between the endocrine–metabolic status and the development and homeostasis of the PG, wherein key components of the GH, insulin and IGF1 axes could play a relevant pathophysiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando L-López
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
| | - André Sarmento-Cabral
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Cordoba, Spain.,International Campus of Excellence on Agrifood, CeiA3, Cordoba, Spain
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Gao X, Ye J, Yang C, Zhang K, Li X, Luo L, Ding J, Li Y, Cao H, Ling Y, Zhang X, Liu Y, Fang F, Zhang Y. Screening and evaluating of long noncoding RNAs in the puberty of goats. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:164. [PMID: 28196477 PMCID: PMC5310007 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulating animal development, however, their function in the onset of puberty in goats remain largely unexplored. To identify the genes controlling the regulation of puberty in goats, we measured lncRNA and mRNA expression levels from the hypothalamus. Results We applied RNA sequencing analysis to examine the hypothalamus of pubertal (case; n = 3) and prepubertal (control; n = 3) goats. Our results showed 2943 predicted lncRNAs, including 2012 differentially expressed lncRNAs, which corresponded to 5412 target genes. We also investigated the role of lncRNAs that act cis and trans to the target genes and found a number of lncRNAs involved in the regulation of puberty and reproduction, as well as several pathways related to these processes. For example, oxytocin signaling pathway, sterol biosynthetic process, and pheromone receptor activity signaling pathway were enriched as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) or gene ontology (GO) analyses showed. Conclusion Our results clearly demonstrate that lncRNAs play an important role in regulating puberty in goats. However, further research is needed to explore the functions of lncRNAs and their predicted targets to provide a detailed expression profile of lncRNAs on goat puberty. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3578-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Kaifa Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Hongguo Cao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Fugui Fang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China. .,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China. .,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China. .,Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China. .,Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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Srivastava VK, Hiney JK, Dees WL. Manganese-Stimulated Kisspeptin Is Mediated by the IGF-1/Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway in the Prepubertal Female Rat. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3233-41. [PMID: 27309941 PMCID: PMC4967113 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose administration of manganese chloride (MnCl2) causes release of hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) and advances puberty in rat. Recently, this element was shown to up-regulate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), kisspeptin gene (KiSS-1), and LHRH gene expressions in the brain preoptic area (POA)/anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nucleus. Because these genes are critical for puberty, this study was conducted to identify the upstream mechanism by which Mn activates the mTOR/KiSS-1 pathway. On day 12, immature female rats began receiving a daily supplemental dose of 10 mg/kg of MnCl2 or saline by gavage, and POA/AVPV tissues were collected on day 29 for specific protein assessments. Another experiment assessed in vitro IGF-1 release in response to Mn and assessed signal transduction pathways in the POA/AVPV region after Mn delivery into the third ventricle. Chronic Mn exposure increased (P < .05) basal expressions of mTOR and kisspeptin proteins. Mn increased protein kinase B (Akt) and Ras homolog enriched in brain, both capable of activating mTOR. Central Mn delivery increased expressions of phosphorylated IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) (P < .05) and Akt (P < .01) in the POA/AVPV region. The previous central delivery of JB1, an IGF-1R antagonist, blocked Mn-induced expressions of both phosphorylated IGF-1R and Akt. Downstream to Akt, centrally administered Mn increased tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (P < .05), Ras homolog enriched in brain (P < .01), mTOR (P < .05), and kisspeptin (P < .05). Finally, we observed that the early puberty induced by Mn was blocked by the administration of an mTOR inhibitor. These results suggest that Mn acts, at least in part, through the IGF-1/Akt/mTOR pathway to influence prepubertal kisspeptin and LHRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod K Srivastava
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4458
| | - Jill K Hiney
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4458
| | - William L Dees
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4458
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Castellano JM, Tena-Sempere M. Metabolic control of female puberty: potential therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1181-93. [PMID: 27409160 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1212015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The onset of puberty in females is highly sensitive to the nutritional status and the amount of energy reserves of the organism. This metabolic information is sensed and transmitted to hypothalamic GnRH neurons, considered to be ultimately responsible for triggering puberty through the coordinated action of different peripheral hormones, central neurotransmitters, and molecular mediators. AREAS COVERED This article will review and discuss (i) the relevant actions of the adipose hormone leptin, as a stimulatory/permissive signal, and the gut hormone ghrelin, as an inhibitory factor, in the metabolic control of female puberty; (ii) the crucial role of the hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons, recently emerged as essential gatekeepers of puberty, in transmitting this metabolic information to GnRH neurons; and (iii) the potential involvement of key cellular energy sensors, such as mTOR, as molecular mediators in this setting. EXPERT OPINION The thorough characterization of the physiological roles of the above elements in the metabolic control of female puberty, along with the discovery of novel factors, pathways, and mechanisms involved, will promote our understanding of the complex networks connecting metabolism and puberty and, ultimately, will aid in the design of target-specific treatments for female pubertal disorders linked to conditions of metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Castellano
- a Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology , University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Spain.,b CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Córdoba , Spain.,c Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia , Córdoba , Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- a Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology , University of Córdoba , Córdoba , Spain.,b CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición , Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Córdoba , Spain.,c Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia , Córdoba , Spain.,d FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
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47
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Regulation of arcuate genes by developmental exposures to endocrine-disrupting compounds in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 62:18-26. [PMID: 27103539 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Developmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) alters reproduction and energy homeostasis, both of which are regulated by the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Little is known about the effects of EDC on ARC gene expression. In Experiment #1, pregnant dams were treated with either two doses of bisphenol A (BPA) or oil from embryonic day (E)18-21. Neonates were injected from postnatal day (PND)0-7. Vaginal opening, body weights, and ARC gene expression were measured. Chrm3 (muscarinic receptor 3) and Adipor1 (adiponectin receptor 1) were decreased by BPA. Bdnf (brain-derived neurotropic factor), Igf1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), Htr2c (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor), and Cck2r (cholescystokinin 2 receptor) were impacted. In Experiment #2, females were exposed to BPA, diethylstilbestrol (DES), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, or methoxychlor (MXC) during E11-PND7. MXC and DES advanced the age of vaginal opening and ARC gene expression was impacted. These data indicate that EDCs alter ARC genes involved in reproduction and energy homeostasis in females.
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48
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Abreu AP, Kaiser UB. Pubertal development and regulation. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4:254-264. [PMID: 26852256 PMCID: PMC5192018 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Puberty marks the end of childhood and is a period when individuals undergo physiological and psychological changes to achieve sexual maturation and fertility. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis controls puberty and reproduction and is tightly regulated by a complex network of excitatory and inhibitory factors. This axis is active in the embryonic and early postnatal stages of life and is subsequently restrained during childhood, and its reactivation culminates in puberty initiation. The mechanisms underlying this reactivation are not completely known. The age of puberty onset varies between individuals and the timing of puberty initiation is associated with several health outcomes in adult life. In this Series paper, we discuss pubertal markers, epidemiological trends of puberty initiation over time, and the mechanisms whereby genetic, metabolic, and other factors control secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone to determine initiation of puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Abreu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ursula B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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49
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Juma AR, Damdimopoulou PE, Grommen SVH, Van de Ven WJM, De Groef B. Emerging role of PLAG1 as a regulator of growth and reproduction. J Endocrinol 2016; 228:R45-56. [PMID: 26577933 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) belongs to the PLAG family of zinc finger transcription factors along with PLAG-like 1 and PLAG-like 2. The PLAG1 gene is best known as an oncogene associated with certain types of cancer, most notably pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland. While the mechanisms of PLAG1-induced tumorigenesis are reasonably well understood, the role of PLAG1 in normal physiology is less clear. It is known that PLAG1 is involved in cell proliferation by directly regulating a wide array of target genes, including a number of growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor 2. This is likely to be a central mode of action for PLAG1 both in embryonic development and in cancer. The phenotype of Plag1 knockout mice suggests an important role for PLAG1 also in postnatal growth and reproduction, as PLAG1 deficiency causes growth retardation and reduced fertility. A role for PLAG1 in growth and reproduction is further corroborated by genome-wide association studies in humans and domestic animals in which polymorphisms in the PLAG1 genomic region are associated with body growth and reproductive traits. Here we review the current evidence for PLAG1 as a regulator of growth and fertility and discuss possible endocrine mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almas R Juma
- Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical SciencesIntervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Human GeneticsKU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pauliina E Damdimopoulou
- Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical SciencesIntervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Human GeneticsKU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvia V H Grommen
- Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical SciencesIntervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Human GeneticsKU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim J M Van de Ven
- Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical SciencesIntervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Human GeneticsKU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert De Groef
- Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, AustraliaDepartment of Clinical SciencesIntervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Human GeneticsKU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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50
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Herboso L, Oliveira MM, Talamillo A, Pérez C, González M, Martín D, Sutherland JD, Shingleton AW, Mirth CK, Barrio R. Ecdysone promotes growth of imaginal discs through the regulation of Thor in D. melanogaster. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26198204 PMCID: PMC4510524 DOI: 10.1038/srep12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals have a determined species-specific body size that results from the combined action of hormones and signaling pathways regulating growth rate and duration. In Drosophila, the steroid hormone ecdysone controls developmental transitions, thereby regulating the duration of the growth period. Here we show that ecdysone promotes the growth of imaginal discs in mid-third instar larvae, since imaginal discs from larvae with reduced or no ecdysone synthesis are smaller than wild type due to smaller and fewer cells. We show that insulin-like peptides are produced and secreted normally in larvae with reduced ecdysone synthesis, and upstream components of insulin/insulin-like signaling are activated in their discs. Instead, ecdysone appears to regulate the growth of imaginal discs via Thor/4E-BP, a negative growth regulator downstream of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor/Tor pathways. Discs from larvae with reduced ecdysone synthesis have elevated levels of Thor, while mutations in Thor partially rescue their growth. The regulation of organ growth by ecdysone is evolutionarily conserved in hemimetabolous insects, as shown by our results obtained using Blattella germanica. In summary, our data provide new insights into the relationship between components of the insulin/insulin-like/Tor and ecdysone pathways in the control of organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Herboso
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marisa M Oliveira
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Talamillo
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Coralia Pérez
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Monika González
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Martín
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Christen K Mirth
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rosa Barrio
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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