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El Mohajer L, Chevalier C, Chardard D, Schaerlinger B, Fontaine P, Milla S. Corticosteroid plasma kinetics and gonadal receptor gene expression during the reproductive cycle in female Eurasian Perch: Investigation of the roles of corticosteroids in vitellogenesis. Theriogenology 2023; 202:61-73. [PMID: 36924697 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
To improve the quality of reproduction in Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis L., which is a promising candidate for Eurasian freshwater aquaculture that is currently cultivated in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), investigating the hormones that mediate and affect reproduction in this species is indispensable. The literature defines a group of four major corticosteroids (11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone and cortisol) that might mediate critical stages of reproduction in female perch. Unfortunately, neither the basic roles nor the kinetics of these four corticosteroids throughout the reproductive cycle of female perch have been well defined to date. In this study, we therefore elucidated the plasma kinetics of these four corticosteroids during the reproductive cycle of domesticated female perch while monitoring the expression of the different receptors and enzymes that mediate their production and possible functions. Additionally, we performed an in vitro experiment during late vitellogenesis to investigate the possible direct roles of these steroids during that stage. Our results revealed that these four corticosteroids were detectable throughout the reproductive cycle, and the levels of most of them (11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol) fluctuated significantly depending on the stage of reproduction. 11-Deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol exhibited their highest levels, 1.8 ng/ml and 58 ng/ml, respectively, at the beginning of the reproductive cycle. By the end of the reproductive cycle, 11-deoxycortisol and cortisol plasma levels exhibited a surge, reaching 58 ng/ml and 150 ng/ml, respectively. During the perch reproductive cycle, the corticosteroid receptor complex is not regulated only at the hormone level, as the expression levels of all corticosteroid receptor genes showed a progressive and similar decline. In vitro exposure of vitellogenic oocytes to some of these corticosteroids (11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol) induced an increase in yolk globule diameter and a decrease in the density of yolk globules, which indicates the involvement of both of these hormones in yolk globule coalescence. Taken together, these results implicate corticosteroids in the reproductive cycle, although the related cellular mechanisms remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pascal Fontaine
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Sylvain Milla
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France.
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Fernández-Míguez M, Puvanendran V, Burgerhout E, Presa P, Tveiten H, Vorkamp K, Hansen ØJ, Johansson GS, Bogevik AS. Effects of weathered polyethylene microplastic ingestion on sexual maturation, fecundity and egg quality in maturing broodstock Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121053. [PMID: 36632969 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a global issue as they are omnipresent in the ocean. Fish ingesting MPs through feed could be affected in their physiological function, e.g., disrupted enzyme production and function, reduction of feeding and reproductive failure. This study assessed the effects of feed containing naturally weathered MPs from the Oslofjord (Norway) on the reproductive physiology of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Farmed cod broodstock were fed either control (C-diet) or feeds containing 1% microplastic (MP-diet) starting nine months prior to spawning, from June until May. No major differences were found between diet groups in overall biometrics or gonad histology. Sex steroid levels (testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone and 17β-estradiol) resulted in expected profiles increasing over time without any significant differences between treatments. Gene expression levels of the steroidogenic enzyme 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20β-hsd) and vitellogenin1 (vtg1) showed significant differences between dietary treatments with lower expression in the control group. This can be a direct effect of MPs, but endocrine disrupting effects of potentially leachable plastic additives cannot be completely ruled out. Thus, these enzymes could be indicators of exposure to contaminants that disrupt sexual maturation by affecting the production of primarily maturation-inducing steroid. Although the concentration of MPs employed in this study may not be high enough to elicit any observable short-term biological effects, the observed gene expression suggests that long-term consequences should be considered caused by an expected increase of MPs in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Míguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Vigo, Spain; Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, CIM-Universidad de Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - P Presa
- Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, CIM-Universidad de Vigo, Spain
| | - H Tveiten
- Nofima AS, Norway; UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - K Vorkamp
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde, Denmark
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Ramos-Júdez S, Danis T, Angelova N, Tsakogiannis A, Giménez I, Tsigenopoulos CS, Duncan N, Manousaki T. Transcriptome analysis of flathead grey mullet ( Mugil cephalus) ovarian development induced by recombinant gonadotropin hormones. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1033445. [PMID: 36388126 PMCID: PMC9664002 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1033445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment with recombinant gonadotropin hormones (rGths), follicle-stimulating hormone (rFsh) and luteinizing hormone (rLh), was shown to induce and complete vitellogenesis to finally obtain viable eggs and larvae in the flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus), a teleost arrested at early stages of gametogenesis in intensive captivity conditions. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic changes that occur in the ovary of females during the rGths-induced vitellogenesis. Methods: Ovarian samples were collected through biopsies from the same five females at four stages of ovarian development. RNASeq libraries were constructed for all stages studied, sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq4000, and a de novo transcriptome was constructed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between stages and the functional properties of DEGs were characterized by comparison with the gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia. An enrichment analysis of molecular pathways was performed. Results: The de novo transcriptome comprised 287,089 transcripts after filtering. As vitellogenesis progressed, more genes were significantly upregulated than downregulated. The rFsh application induced ovarian development from previtellogenesis to early-to-mid-vitellogenesis with associated pathways enriched from upregulated DEGs related to ovarian steroidogenesis and reproductive development, cholesterol metabolism, ovarian growth and differentiation, lipid accumulation, and cell-to-cell adhesion pathways. The application of rFsh and rLh at early-to-mid-vitellogenesis induced the growth of oocytes to late-vitellogenesis and, with it, the enrichment of pathways from upregulated DEGs related to the production of energy, such as the lysosomes activity. The application of rLh at late-vitellogenesis induced the completion of vitellogenesis with the enrichment of pathways linked with the switch from vitellogenesis to oocyte maturation. Conclusion: The DEGs and enriched molecular pathways described during the induced vitellogenesis of flathead grey mullet with rGths were typical of natural oogenesis reported for other fish species. Present results add new knowledge to the rGths action to further raise the possibility of using rGths in species that present similar reproductive disorders in aquaculture, the aquarium industry as well as the conservation of endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodoros Danis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nelina Angelova
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alexandros Tsakogiannis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Costas S. Tsigenopoulos
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Tereza Manousaki
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (H.C.M.R.), Heraklion, Greece
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Ghalamara S, Silva S, Brazinha C, Pintado M. Structural diversity of marine anti-freezing proteins, properties and potential applications: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:5. [PMID: 38647561 PMCID: PMC10992025 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-adapted organisms, such as fishes, insects, plants and bacteria produce a group of proteins known as antifreeze proteins (AFPs). The specific functions of AFPs, including thermal hysteresis (TH), ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), dynamic ice shaping (DIS) and interaction with membranes, attracted significant interest for their incorporation into commercial products. AFPs represent their effects by lowering the water freezing point as well as preventing the growth of ice crystals and recrystallization during frozen storage. The potential of AFPs to modify ice growth results in ice crystal stabilizing over a defined temperature range and inhibiting ice recrystallization, which could minimize drip loss during thawing, improve the quality and increase the shelf-life of frozen products. Most cryopreservation studies using marine-derived AFPs have shown that the addition of AFPs can increase post-thaw viability. Nevertheless, the reduced availability of bulk proteins and the need of biotechnological techniques for industrial production, limit the possible usage in foods. Despite all these drawbacks, relatively small concentrations are enough to show activity, which suggests AFPs as potential food additives in the future. The present work aims to review the results of numerous investigations on marine-derived AFPs and discuss their structure, function, physicochemical properties, purification and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Ghalamara
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Silva
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Brazinha
- LAQV/Requimte, Faculdade de Ciências E Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal.
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Breton TS, Sampson WGB, Clifford B, Phaneuf AM, Smidt I, True T, Wilcox AR, Lipscomb T, Murray C, DiMaggio MA. Characterization of the G protein-coupled receptor family SREB across fish evolution. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12066. [PMID: 34103644 PMCID: PMC8187511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The SREB (Super-conserved Receptors Expressed in Brain) family of G protein-coupled receptors is highly conserved across vertebrates and consists of three members: SREB1 (orphan receptor GPR27), SREB2 (GPR85), and SREB3 (GPR173). Ligands for these receptors are largely unknown or only recently identified, and functions for all three are still beginning to be understood, including roles in glucose homeostasis, neurogenesis, and hypothalamic control of reproduction. In addition to the brain, all three are expressed in gonads, but relatively few studies have focused on this, especially in non-mammalian models or in an integrated approach across the entire receptor family. The purpose of this study was to more fully characterize sreb genes in fish, using comparative genomics and gonadal expression analyses in five diverse ray-finned (Actinopterygii) species across evolution. Several unique characteristics were identified in fish, including: (1) a novel, fourth euteleost-specific gene (sreb3b or gpr173b) that likely emerged from a copy of sreb3 in a separate event after the teleost whole genome duplication, (2) sreb3a gene loss in Order Cyprinodontiformes, and (3) expression differences between a gar species and teleosts. Overall, gonadal patterns suggested an important role for all sreb genes in teleost testicular development, while gar were characterized by greater ovarian expression that may reflect similar roles to mammals. The novel sreb3b gene was also characterized by several unique features, including divergent but highly conserved amino acid positions, and elevated brain expression in puffer (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis) that more closely matched sreb2, not sreb3a. These results demonstrate that SREBs may differ among vertebrates in genomic structure and function, and more research is needed to better understand these roles in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Breton
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA.
| | - William G B Sampson
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Benjamin Clifford
- Science Department, Southern Maine Community College, South Portland, ME, USA
| | - Anyssa M Phaneuf
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Ilze Smidt
- Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, USA
| | - Tamera True
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Andrew R Wilcox
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, Farmington, ME, USA
| | - Taylor Lipscomb
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA.,Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Shasta Lake, CA, USA
| | - Casey Murray
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA
| | - Matthew A DiMaggio
- Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ruskin, FL, USA
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Breton TS, Kenter LW, Greenlaw K, Montgomery J, Goetz GW, Berlinsky DL, Luckenbach JA. Initiation of sex change and gonadal gene expression in black sea bass (Centropristis striata) exposed to exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 228:51-61. [PMID: 30414915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many teleost fishes exhibit sequential hermaphroditism, where male or female gonads develop first and later undergo sex change. Model sex change species are characterized by social hierarchies and coloration changes, which enable experimental manipulations to better understand these processes. However, other species such as the protogynous black sea bass (Centropristis striata) do not exhibit these characteristics and instead receive research attention due to their importance in fisheries or aquaculture. Black sea bass social structure is unknown, which makes sex change sampling difficult, and few molecular resources are available. The purpose of the present study was to induce sex change using exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor, and assess gonadal gene expression using sex markers (amh, zpc2) and genes involved in steroidogenesis (cyp19a1a, cyp11b), estrogen signaling (esr1, esr2b), and apoptosis or atresia (aen, casp9, fabp11, parg, pdcd4, rif1). Overall, dietary exemestane treatment was effective, and most exposed females exhibited early histological signs of sex change and significantly higher rates of ovarian atresia relative to control females. Genes associated with atresia did not reflect this, however, as expression patterns in sex changing gonads were overall similar to those of ovaries, likely due to a whole ovary dilution effect of the RNA. Still, small but insignificant expression decreases during early sex change were detected for ovary-related genes (aen, casp9, fabp11, zpc2) and anti-apoptotic factors (parg, rif1). Exemestane treatment did not impact spermatogenesis or testicular gene expression, but testes were generally characterized by elevated steroidogenic enzyme and estrogen receptor mRNAs. Further research will be needed to understand these processes in black sea bass, using isolated ovarian follicles and multiple stages of sex change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Breton
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA.
| | - Linas W Kenter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 38 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Katherine Greenlaw
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA
| | - Jacob Montgomery
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA
| | - Giles W Goetz
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David L Berlinsky
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - J Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Mao MG, Chen Y, Liu RT, Lü HQ, Gu J, Jiang ZQ, Jiang JL. Transcriptome from Pacific cod liver reveals types of apolipoproteins and expression analysis of AFP-IV, structural analogue with mammalian ApoA-I. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:204-212. [PMID: 30366214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins (Apos), transporting the lipids through the lymphatic and circulatory systems, are associated with kinds of diseases. Additionally, type IV antifreeze protein (AFP-IV) was related evolutionarily with apolipoproteins. However, the information of Apos in fish was limited. In this study, ApoA-I, ApoA-I-2, ApoA-IV, Apo E, ApoB-100-like and AFP-IV were sequenced from Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) liver transcriptome using Illumina HiSeq 2000, and their 3-D models were constructed based on the most confidence templates ever reported in mammals. Interestingly, the model of G. macrocephalus AFP-IV, named GmAFPIV, is quite similar to the structure of ApoA-I. GmAFPIV includes 689 bases with a complete open reading frame encoding 125 amino acids. Sequence alignment of GmAFPIV showed 30% to 50% similarity with that of other species except Gadus sp. Expression levels of GmAFPIV were found in a decreasing manner in liver, intestine, gill, brain and gonad. Heterologously expression of the GmAFPIV protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to immunize New Zealand rabbits. The survivors of E. coli in 60 μg/mL of GmAFPIV are more than that in the 30 μg/mL group after stored in -20 °C and -80 °C, indicating high concentration of GmAFPIV could protect E. coli avoiding the damage from ice crystal. The subcellular localization of GmAFPIV showed that the green fluorescence was mainly observed in the cytoplasm, indicating GmAFPIV play roles in the cytoplasm. It was concluded that GmAFPIV may function not only as an antifreeze protein but also as an apolipoprotein transporting lipids in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Guang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rui-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hui-Qian Lü
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jie-Lan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China, Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Basili D, Zhang JL, Herbert J, Kroll K, Denslow ND, Martyniuk CJ, Falciani F, Antczak P. In Silico Computational Transcriptomics Reveals Novel Endocrine Disruptors in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7553-7565. [PMID: 29878769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, decreases in fish populations have been attributed, in part, to the effect of environmental chemicals on ovarian development. To understand the underlying molecular events we developed a dynamic model of ovary development linking gene transcription to key physiological end points, such as gonadosomatic index (GSI), plasma levels of estradiol (E2) and vitellogenin (VTG), in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides). We were able to identify specific clusters of genes, which are affected at different stages of ovarian development. A subnetwork was identified that closely linked gene expression and physiological end points and by interrogating the Comparative Toxicogenomic Database (CTD), quercetin and tretinoin (ATRA) were identified as two potential candidates that may perturb this system. Predictions were validated by investigation of reproductive associated transcripts using qPCR in ovary and in the liver of both male and female largemouth bass treated after a single injection of quercetin and tretinoin (10 and 100 μg/kg). Both compounds were found to significantly alter the expression of some of these genes. Our findings support the use of omics and online repositories for identification of novel, yet untested, compounds. This is the first study of a dynamic model that links gene expression patterns across stages of ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Basili
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , L69 7ZB , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - Ji-Liang Zhang
- Henan Open Laboratory of Key Subjects of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Henan 471003 , China
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and UF Genetics Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - John Herbert
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , L69 7ZB , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Kroll
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and UF Genetics Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and UF Genetics Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and UF Genetics Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , L69 7ZB , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Antczak
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , L69 7ZB , Liverpool , United Kingdom
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Norberg B, Kleppe L, Andersson E, Thorsen A, Rosenlund G, Hamre K. Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on the reproductive physiology of female Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 250:21-35. [PMID: 28576420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate potential effects of arachidonic acid (ARA) on the reproductive physiology of female Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Two-year old Atlantic cod of both sexes were equally distributed into eight sea cages after completion of their first spawning in May 2005. Four experimental groups were established and fed diets with different levels of ARA corresponding to 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% of total fatty acid. Ovarian growth and development was documented every month. Fatty acid composition was analysed in ovaries, liver and plasma at the beginning of the experiment, one month prior to spawning, and in spent fish, one month after spawning was completed. Plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β, testosterone and vitellogenin, and ovarian gene transcript levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star), P450aromatase (cyp19a1a) and 20β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (20bhsd/cbr1) were monitored every month in fish fed the experimental diets and related to oocyte stage. Potential fecundity was calculated based on ovarian samples taken one month before onset of spawning. Ovarian and plasma ARA levels were highly correlated to dietary ARA levels. There was a net accumulation of ARA compared to other essential fatty acids in ovarian tissue that was reflected in a decrease in EPA:ARA ratio. Plasma concentrations of vitellogenin, estradiol-17β and testosterone and key gene transcript levels were affected by dietary ARA and stage of maturation. The results show that ARA has a significant influence on the reproductive physiology of female Atlantic cod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Norberg
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, N-5392 Storebø, Norway.
| | - Lene Kleppe
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva Andersson
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Thorsen
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Kristin Hamre
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
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Li JY, Pan LQ, Miao JJ, Xu RY, Xu WJ. De novo assembly and characterization of the ovarian transcriptome reveal mechanisms of the final maturation stage in Chinese scallop Chlamys farreri. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 20:118-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Akhavan SR, Salati AP, Falahatkar B, Jalali SAH. Changes of vitellogenin and Lipase in captive Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus females during previtellogenesis to early atresia. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:967-978. [PMID: 26732070 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma chemistry, lipid metabolism and vitellogenin gene expression of captive Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus were studied in different maturity stages. A total of 32 fish were sampled, and maturity stages were identified on the basis of histological criteria and direct observation. Females were classified to four groups: previtellogenic, vitellogenic, post-vitellogenic, and atresia. Blood, gonad and liver tissue samples were taken through non-lethal biopsy. Our results showed that plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity, albumin and total protein increased during ovarian development and were highest at post-vitellogenic stage. The lowest amounts in atresia stage demonstrate that lipid and energy imbalance was related to reabsorption and digestion of the yolk. These results suggested that the VLDL was the main plasma lipoprotein component of Sterlet. We determined that lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activity increased during vitellogenesis process which suggested the role of lipase enzymes in regulating blood lipid metabolism. RT-PCR analysis indicates that Vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA could be detected both in livers and ovaries of female Sterlet. Throughout the study, the expression level of VTG gene showed an increase both in ovaries and in livers reaching its peak at late vitellogenesis stage. This strongly indicated a relation between VTG mRNA and ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Ranay Akhavan
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Amir Parviz Salati
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 1144, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali
- Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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Mu X, Su M, Gui L, Liang X, Zhang P, Hu P, Liu Z, Zhang J. Comparative renal gene expression in response to abrupt hypoosmotic shock in spotted scat (Scatophagus argus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 215:25-35. [PMID: 25304824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Scatophagus argus, a euryhaline fish, is notable for its ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental salinities and especially for its tolerance to a rapid, marked reduction in salinity. Therefore, S. argus is a good model for studying the molecular mechanisms mediating abrupt hyperosmoregulation. The serum osmotic pressure decreased steeply within one hour after transferring S. argus from seawater (SW) to freshwater (FW) and remained at new balance throughout the duration of one week. To explain this phenomenon and understand the molecular responses to an abrupt hypoosmotic shock, hypoosmotic stress responsive genes were identified by constructing two suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA libraries from the kidneys of S. argus that had been transferred from SW to FW. After trimming and blasting, 52 ESTs were picked out from the subtractive library. Among them, 11 genes were significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05). The kinetics studies of gene expression levels were conducted for 1 week after the transfer using quantitative real-time PCR. A significant variation in the expression of these genes occurred within 12h after the hypoosmotic shock, except for growth hormone (GH) and polyadenylate binding protein 1 (PBP1), which were significantly up-regulated 2 days post-transfer. Our results suggest different functional roles for these genes in response to hypoosmotic stress during the stress response phase (1 hpt-12 hpt) and stable phase (12 hpt-7 dpt). Furthermore, the plasma growth hormone level was detected to be significantly elevated at 1 hpt and 24 hpt following abrupt hypoosmotic shock. Meanwhile, several hematological parameters, hemoglobin (HGB), red blood cell (RBC) and mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), were observed to be significantly increased at 12 hpt and 2 dpt compared with that of control group. Our results provide a solid basis from which to conduct future studies on the osmoregulatory mechanisms in the euryhaline fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Maoliang Su
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhenhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Avarre JC, Guinand B, Dugué R, Cosson J, Legendre M, Panfili J, Durand JD. Plasticity of gene expression according to salinity in the testis of broodstock and F1 black-chinned tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii. PeerJ 2014; 2:e702. [PMID: 25548735 PMCID: PMC4273931 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii Rüppell 1852 (Teleostei, Cichlidae) displays remarkable acclimation capacities. When exposed to drastic changes of salinity, which can be the case in its natural habitat, it develops quick physiological responses and keeps reproducing. The present study focused on the physiological impact of salinity on male reproductive capacities, using gene expression as a proxy of acclimation process. Two series of experimental fish were investigated: the first one was composed of fish maintained in freshwater for several generations and newly acclimated to salinities of 35 and 70, whereas the second one consisted of the descendants of the latter born and were raised under their native salinity. Expression patterns of 43 candidate genes previously identified from the testes of wild males was investigated in the three salinities and two generations. Twenty of them showed significant expression differences between salinities, and their predicted function revealed that most of them are involved in the osmotic tolerance of sperm cells and/or in the maintenance of sperm motility. A high level of expression variation was evidenced, especially for fish maintained in freshwater. In spite of this, gene expression patterns allowed the differentiation between fish raised in freshwater and those maintained in hypersaline water in both generations. Altogether, the results presented here suggest that this high variability of expression is likely to ensure the reproductive success of this species under varying salinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Avarre
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier , UMR 226 IRD-CNRS-UM2, Montpellier , France
| | - Bruno Guinand
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier , UMR 226 IRD-CNRS-UM2, Montpellier , France
| | - Rémi Dugué
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier , UMR 226 IRD-CNRS-UM2, Montpellier , France
| | - Jacky Cosson
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice , Vodňany , Czech Republic
| | - Marc Legendre
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier , UMR 226 IRD-CNRS-UM2, Montpellier , France
| | - Jacques Panfili
- Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers , UMR 5119 IRD-UM2-CNRS-IFREMER, Montpellier , France
| | - Jean-Dominique Durand
- Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers , UMR 5119 IRD-UM2-CNRS-IFREMER, Montpellier , France
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Xiao Q, Xia JH, Zhang XJ, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhou L, Gui JF. Type-IV antifreeze proteins are essential for epiboly and convergence in gastrulation of zebrafish embryos. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:715-32. [PMID: 25013380 PMCID: PMC4081606 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the Antarctic Pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. There are four types of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Type-IV antifreeze proteins (AFP4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised a question as to whether these AFP4s have important functions in addition to antifreeze activity. Here we report the identification and functional analyses of AFP4s in cyprinid fish. Two genes, namely afp4a and afp4b coding for AFP4s, were identified in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). In both species, afp4a and afp4b display a head-to-tail tandem arrangement and share a common 4-exonic gene structure. In zebrafish, both afp4a and afp4b were found to express specifically in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL). Interestingly, afp4a expression continues in YSL and digestive system from early embryos to adults, whereas afp4b expression is restricted to embryogenesis. Importantly, we have shown by using afp4a-specific and afp4b-specifc morpholino knockdown and cell lineage tracing approaches that AFP4a participates in epiboly progression by stabilizing yolk cytoplasmic layer microtubules, and AFP4b is primarily related to convergence movement. Therefore, both AFP4 proteins are essential for gastrulation of zebrafish embryos. Our current results provide first evidence that AFP such as AFP4 has important roles in regulating developmental processes besides its well-known function as antifreeze factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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15
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Kleppe L, Edvardsen RB, Furmanek T, Taranger GL, Wargelius A. Global transcriptome analysis identifies regulated transcripts and pathways activated during oogenesis and early embryogenesis in Atlantic cod. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:619-35. [PMID: 24687555 PMCID: PMC4265210 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying oogenesis and maternally controlled embryogenesis in fish are not fully understood, especially in marine species. Our aim was to study the egg and embryo transcriptome during oogenesis and early embryogenesis in Atlantic cod. Follicles from oogenesis stages (pre-, early-, and late-vitellogenic), ovulated eggs, and two embryonic stages (blastula, gastrula) were collected from broodstock fish and fertilized eggs. Gene expression profiles were measured in a 44 K oligo microarray consisting of 23,000 cod genes. Hundreds of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the follicle stages investigated, implicating a continuous accumulation and degradation of polyadenylated transcripts throughout oogenesis. Very few DEGs were identified from ovulated egg to blastula, showing a more stable maternal RNA pool in early embryonic stages. The highest induction of expression was observed between blastula and gastrula, signifying the onset of zygotic transcription. During early vitellogenesis, several of the most upregulated genes are linked to nervous system signaling, suggesting increasing requirements for ovarian synaptic signaling to stimulate the rapid growth of oocytes. Highly upregulated genes during late vitellogenesis are linked to protein processing, fat metabolism, osmoregulation, and arrested meiosis. One of the genes with the highest upregulation in the ovulated egg is involved in oxidative phosphorylation, reflecting increased energy requirements during fertilization and the first rapid cell divisions of early embryogenesis. In conclusion, this study provides a large-scale presentation of the Atlantic cod's maternally controlled transcriptome in ovarian follicles through oogenesis, ovulated eggs, and early embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 81: 619–635, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Kleppe
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
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Characterizing ovarian gene expression during oocyte growth in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2014; 9:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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