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Oliveira JPLD, Carneiro WF, Silva KCDD, Martins MSDA, de Souza SP, Virote BDCR, Konig IFM, Vilas Boas EVDB, Murgas LDS, Carvalho EEN. Diet with different concentrations of lychee peel flour modulates oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant activity in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 272:110964. [PMID: 38431089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The agri-food industry generates substantial waste, leading to significant environmental impacts. Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat), which is rich in bioactive compounds in its peel, pulp, and seeds, offers an opportunity for waste use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementing a high-carbohydrate diet with varying levels of lychee peel flour on lipid metabolism biomarkers and oxidative stress in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. A total of 225 zebrafish, approximately four months old, were divided into five groups: control, high-carbohydrate (HC), HC2%, HC4%, and HC6%. The study did not find significant differences in the growth performance of zebrafish in any group. However, the HC6% group exhibited a significant decrease in glucose and triglyceride levels compared with the HC group. Furthermore, this group showed enhanced activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Increased antioxidant activity was also evidenced by DPPH-, ABTS+, and β-carotene/Linoleic acid assays in the HC6% group. A positive correlation was identified between SOD/CAT activity and in vitro antioxidant assays. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 6% lychee peel flour can significantly modulate glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Lima de Oliveira
- Lavras School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - William Franco Carneiro
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kiara Cândido Duarte da Silva
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Moises Silvestre de Azevedo Martins
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stefania Priscilla de Souza
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bárbara do Carmo Rodrigues Virote
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luis David Solis Murgas
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Elena Nunes Carvalho
- Lavras School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Wahyudi IT, Jusadi D, Setiawati M, Ekasari J, Suprayudi MA. Dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde positively affects the physiology, feed utilization, growth, and body composition of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:813-826. [PMID: 38112905 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effects of diverse cinnamaldehyde (CIN) supplementation doses on the physiological attributes, feed utilization, growth, and body composition of striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The study incorporated five doses of CIN supplementation, namely 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 g kg-1 feed, with four replicates per group. Commercial extruded isonitrogenous and isoenergetic feeds with crude protein and gross energy levels of 28.46% ± 0.23% and 3858.70 ± 18.06 kcal kg-1, respectively, were used as test feeds. The initial weight of striped catfish was 5.57 ± 0.02 g, and 30 fish were maintained in each cage (2 × 1 × 1 m3) for 60 days. The results illustrated that the incorporation of CIN into the diet increases amylase and lipase levels and the ability of striped catfish to accumulate glucose, as the glucose tolerance test revealed that CIN 1.0 and 1.5 g kg-1 reduced glucose content to its basal level at 3-4 h postinjection and upregulated the insulin receptor, hexokinase, and hormone-sensitive lipase genes. CIN 1.5 g kg-1 also increased plasma total protein and high-density lipoprotein levels and reduced triglyceride and cholesterol levels. CIN 1.0-2.0 g kg-1 increased antioxidant capacity by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione and decreasing malondialdehyde levels. CIN 1.5 g kg-1 was the best treatment for increasing final weight, the specific growth rate, protein retention, and the protein efficiency ratio and for decreasing the feed conversion ratio. CIN additionally increased meat protein and decreased meat and liver lipid content. This study concluded that 1.24 g kg-1 is the optimal CIN dose calculated from the equation Y = - 0.1487x2 + 0.3702x + 5.0724 (R2 = 0.71) to increase growth and feed efficiency in striped catfish by increasing nonprotein catabolism and exerting antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Tri Wahyudi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dedi Jusadi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia.
| | - Mia Setiawati
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Julie Ekasari
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Agus Suprayudi
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, Indonesia
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Yang L, Zhao M, Liu M, Zhang W, Zhi S, Qu L, Xiong J, Wang L, Qin C, Nie G. Effects of Genistein on Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunity of Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) Fed with High-Carbohydrate and High-Fat Diets. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:9555855. [PMID: 37034827 PMCID: PMC10081910 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9555855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of genistein on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immunity of common carp fed with high-carbohydrate or high-fat diets. Five diets were used to feed fish: control diet (5% fat; CO), high-fat diet (11% fat; HF), high-carbohydrate diet (45% carbohydrate; HC), and HF or HC diet with 500 mg/kg genistein (FG or CG). Results showed that final body weight (FW) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly reduced, but the supplementation with genistein resulted in higher values of FW and SGR than the HF or HC group. Both high carbohydrate and high fat belong to high-energy diets, which may promote lipid deposition. Genistein obviously decreased liver triglyceride (TG) content and alleviated hepatic fat vacuolation in the HF and HC groups. The expression of lipid metabolism genes (cpt-1 and atgl) was markedly higher in the FG group than in the HF group. The lipid synthesis-related genes (fas, acc, and pparγ) were elevated in high-energy diets but recovered to the control level or reduced after genistein treatments. With respect to fatty acid transporter genes, fatp increased in the FG group, and cd36 increased in the CG group. Furthermore, the antioxidant and immune indexes, such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), and lysozyme (LZM) activities, were decreased, while malonate aldehyde (MDA) content, activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were enhanced in the HF and HC groups. The antioxidant and immunity values could be ameliorated by treatment with genistein. Moreover, the transcript levels of antioxidant-related genes (cat, gr, and nrf2) in the liver and anti-inflammatory factors (tgf-β and il-10) and lyz in the head kidney tissue were promoted, although the expression levels of proinflammatory factors (tnf-α and il-6) declined in the genistein supplementation group, which confirmed the antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects of genistein. Therefore, 500 mg/kg genistein could ameliorate the negative effects of high-energy diets on immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Shaoyang Zhi
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Leya Qu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jinrui Xiong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Luming Wang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No. 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Xu YC, Pantopoulos K, Zheng H, Zito E, Zhao T, Tan XY, Wei XL, Song YF, Luo Z. Phosphorus Overload Promotes Hepatic Lipolysis by Suppressing GSK3β-Dependent Phosphorylation of PPARα at Ser84 and Thr265 in a Freshwater Teleost. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2351-2361. [PMID: 36728683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excessive phosphorus (Pi) contributes to eutrophication in an aquatic environment, which threatens human and fish health. However, the mechanisms by which Pi overload influences aquatic animals remain largely unexplored. In the present study, Pi supplementation increased the Pi content, inhibited lipid accumulation and lipogenesis, and stimulated lipolysis in the liver. Pi supplementation increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3β) at serine 9 (S9) but inhibited the phosphorylation of GSK3α at tyrosine 279 (Y279), GSK3β at tyrosine 216 (Y216), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) at serine 84 (S84) and threonine 265 (T265). Pi supplementation also upregulated PPARα protein expression and stimulated its transcriptional activity, thereby inducing lipolysis. Pi suppressed GSK3β activity and prevented GSK3β, but not GSK3α, from interacting with PPARα, which in turn alleviated PPARα phosphorylation. GSK3β-induced phosphorylation of PPARα was dependent on GSK3β S9 dephosphorylation rather than Y216 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, underphosphorylation of PPARα mediated Pi-induced lipid degradation through transcriptionally activating adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl) and very long-chain-specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (acadvl). Collectively, our findings uncovered a new mechanism by which Pi facilitates lipolysis via the GSK3β-PPARα pathway and highlighted the importance of S84 and T265 phosphorylation in PPARα action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Hua Zheng
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ester Zito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Luo Y, Zhou W, Li R, Limbu SM, Qiao F, Chen L, Zhang M, Du ZY. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase improves carbohydrate utilization in Nile tilapia by regulating PDK2/4-PDHE1α axis and insulin sensitivity. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 11:25-37. [PMID: 36016966 PMCID: PMC9382415 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit (PDHE1α) axis plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism in mammals. However, the regulatory function of PDKs-PDHE1α axis in the glucose metabolism of fish is not well known. This study determined whether PDKs inhibition could enhance PDHE1α activity, and improve glucose catabolism in fish. Nile tilapia fingerlings (1.90 ± 0.11 g) were randomly divided into 4 treatments in triplicate (30 fish each) and fed control diet without dichloroacetate (DCA) (38% protein, 7% lipid and 45% corn starch) and the control diet supplemented with DCA, which inhibits PDKs through binding the allosteric sites, at 3.75 (DCA3.75), 7.50 (DCA7.50) and 11.25 g/kg (DCA11.25), for 6 wk. The results showed that DCA3.75, DCA7.50 and DCA11.25 significantly increased weight gain, carcass ratio and protein efficiency ratio (P < 0.05) and reduced feed efficiency (P < 0.05) of Nile tilapia. To investigate the effects of DCA on growth performance of Nile tilapia, we selected the lowest dose DCA3.75 for subsequent analysis. Nile tilapia fed on DCA3.75 significantly reduced the mesenteric fat index, serum and liver triglyceride concentration and total lipid content in whole fish, and down-regulated the expressions of genes related to lipogenesis (P < 0.05) compared to the control. The DCA3.75 treatment significantly improved glucose oxidative catabolism and glycogen synthesis in the liver, but significantly reduced the conversion of glucose to lipid (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the DCA3.75 treatment significantly decreased the PDK2/4 gene and protein expressions (P < 0.05), accordingly stimulated PDHE1α activity by decreasing the phosphorylated PDHE1α protein level. In addition, DCA3.75 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of key proteins involved in insulin signaling pathway and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (P < 0.05). Taken together, the present study demonstrates that PDK2/4 inhibition by using DCA promotes glucose utilization in Nile tilapia by activating PDHE1α and improving insulin sensitivity. Our study helps to understand the regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism for improving dietary carbohydrate utilization in farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruixin Li
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Samwel M. Limbu
- University of Dar Es Salaam, Department of Aquaculture Technology, Dar Es Salaam 60091, Tanzania
- UDSM-ECNU Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology (JRCAFB), Dar Es Salaam 60091, Tanzania
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liqiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- ECNU-UDSM Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology (JRCAFB), Shanghai 200241, China
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Liang H, Xu G, Xu P, Zhu J, Li S, Ren M. Dietary Histidine Supplementation Maintained Amino Acid Homeostasis and Reduced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation of Juvenile Largemouth Bass, Micropterus Salmoides. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:4034922. [PMID: 36860443 PMCID: PMC9973202 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4034922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This 56-day research aimed to evaluate the recommended histidine requirement and the influence of dietary histidine levels on the protein and lipid metabolism of juvenile largemouth bass (Mieropterus salmoides). The initial weight of the largemouth bass was 12.33 ± 0.01 g, which was fed with six graded levels of histidine. The results showed that appropriate dietary histidine had a positive effect on growth, with a higher specific growth rate, final weight, weight gain rate, protein efficiency rate, and a lower feed conversion rate and feed intake rate being observed in 1.08-1.48% dietary histidine groups. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of GH, IGF-1, TOR, and S6 showed an increasing trend first and then declined, similar to the trend of the growth and protein content of the whole body composition. Meanwhile, dietary histidine levels could be sensed by the AAR signaling pathway, representing as downregulation of core genes of AAR signaling pathway with the increased dietary histidine levels, including GCN2, eIF2α, CHOP, ATF4, and REDD1. In addition, increased dietary histidine levels decreased the lipid content of the whole body and the liver by upregulating the mRNA levels of core genes of the PPARα signaling pathways, including PPARα, CPT1, L-FABP, and PGC1α. However, increased dietary histidine levels downregulated the mRNA levels of core genes of the PPARγ signaling pathways such as PPARγ, FAS, ACC, SREBP1, and ELOVL2. These findings were also supported by the positive area ratio of hepatic oil red O staining and the TC content of plasma. According to the specific growth rate and feed conversion rate, the recommended histidine requirement of juvenile largemouth bass was 1.26% of the diet (2.68% of dietary protein) by regression lines calculated using a quadratic model. In general, histidine supplementation promoted protein synthesis and lipid decomposition and reduced lipid synthesis by activating the TOR, AAR, PPARα, and PPARγ signaling pathways, which provided a new perspective to solve the fatty liver problem of largemouth bass by nutritional means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
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Zhu J, Chen L, Huang Y, Zhang F, Pan J, Li E, Qin J, Qin C, Wang X. New insights into the influence of myo-inositol on carbohydrate metabolism during osmoregulation in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 10:86-98. [PMID: 35647324 PMCID: PMC9124673 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-factor (2 × 3) orthogonal test was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary myo-inositol (MI) on the osmoregulation and carbohydrate metabolism of euryhaline fish tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under sustained hypertonic stress (20 practical salinity units [psu]). 6 diets containing either normal carbohydrate (NC, 30%) or high carbohydrate (HC, 45%) levels, with 3 levels (0, 400 and 1,200 mg/kg diet) of MI, respectively, were fed to 540 fish under 20 psu for 8 weeks. Dietary MI supplementation significantly improved growth performance and crude protein content of whole fish, and decreased the content of crude lipid of whole fish (P < 0.05). Curled, disordered gill lamella and cracked gill filament cartilage were observed in the gill of fish fed diets without MI supplementation. The ion transport capacity in gill was significantly improved in the 1,200 mg/kg MI supplementation groups compared with the 0 mg/kg MI groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the contents of Na+, K+, Cl− in serum were markedly reduced with the dietary MI supplementation (P < 0.05). The fish fed 1,200 mg/kg MI supplementation had the highest MI content in the gills and the lowest MI content in the serum (P < 0.05). Additionally, the fish fed with 1,200 mg/kg MI supplementation had the highest MI synthesis capacity in gills and brain (P < 0.05). Dietary MI markedly promoted the ability of carbohydrate metabolism in liver (P < 0.05). Moreover, fish in the 1,200 mg/kg MI groups had the highest antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). This study indicated that high dietary carbohydrate would intensify stress, and impair the ability of osmoregulation in tilapia under a long-term hypersaline exposure. The supplementation of MI at 1,200 mg/kg in the high carbohydrate diet could promote carbohydrate utilization and improve the osmoregulation capacity of tilapia under long-term hypertonic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Zhu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuxing Huang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingyu Pan
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Erchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Chuanjie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Corresponding author.
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Yang L, Zhi S, Yang G, Qin C, Yan X, Niu M, Zhang W, Liu M, Zhao M, Nie G. Molecular identification of glucose transporter 4: The responsiveness to starvation, glucose, insulin and glucagon on glucose transporter 4 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1843-1856. [PMID: 34418098 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is comprehensively investigated in mammals, while the comparative research of GLUT4 in common carp is deficient. To investigate the function of GLUT4, carp glut4 was first isolated. The open reading frame of carp glut4 was 1518 bp in length, encoding 505 amino acids. A high-sequence homology was identified in carp and teleost, and the phylogenetic tree displayed that the carp GLUT4 was clustered with the teleost. A high level of glut4 mRNA was analysed in fat, red muscle and white muscle. After fasting treatment, glut4 mRNA expression was increased significantly in muscle. In the oral glucose tolerance test experiment, glut4 mRNA was also significantly elevated in muscle, gut and fat. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of insulin resulted in the upregulation of glut4 gene expression significantly in white muscle, gut and fat. On the contrary, the glut4 mRNA level in the white muscle, gut and fat was markedly downregulated after glucagon injection. These results suggest that GLUT4 might play important roles in food intake and could be regulated by nutrient condition, insulin and glucagon in common carp. Our study is the first to report on GLUT4 in common carp. These data provide a basis for further study on fish GLUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shaoyang Zhi
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guokun Yang
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingming Niu
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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Yu K, Huang K, Tang Z, Huang X, Sun L, Pang L, Mo C. Metabolism and antioxidation regulation of total flavanones from Sedum sarmentosum Bunge against high-fat diet-induced fatty liver disease in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1149-1164. [PMID: 34142329 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diet-induced fatty liver is a considerable threaten to fish aquaculture due to the popularity of the high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Our study aims to investigate the effects of flavanones from Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (FSSB) on the liver function to identify a potential treatment for HFD-induced fatty liver disease. Physiological and pathological indicators were tested in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and results showed parameters including lipid metabolites, redox parameters, and inflammatory factors could be adequately restored to normal level by addition of 150 mg/kg FSSB to HFD. Proteomics analysis was performed in liver tissues from tilapia with normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD+FSSB. Totally, 51 upregulated proteins and 77 downregulated proteins were identified in HFD groups and 67 proteins of them were restored after treated with FSSB. Bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in HFD+FSSB150 group compared with HFD group are mainly enriched in acety-CoA metabolic process, adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) biosynthetic process, lipid metabolic process, and phospholipid metabolic process. The dysregulated proteins were involved in peroxidosome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, fat digestion and absorption, and immune system. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay further revealed that the expression of GST, PPARα, PPARγ, and multiple-inflammatory cytokines could be also reversed in HFD group under the treatment of 150 mg/kg FSSB. Our findings demonstrated FSSB is efficient for the treatment of fatty liver disease through regulation of lipid metabolism and antioxidation in Nile tilapia, providing a new treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in fish aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kai Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Zhanyang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Xiuyun Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Linxing Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Cuiqin Mo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, China
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Alleviation of the Adverse Effect of Dietary Carbohydrate by Supplementation of Myo-Inositol to the Diet of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112190. [PMID: 33238508 PMCID: PMC7700398 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of dietary myo-inositol (MI) on alleviating the adverse effect of the high carbohydrate diet in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Six diets contained either low carbohydrate (LC 30%) or high carbohydrate (HC 45%) with three levels of MI supplementation (0, 400 and 1200 mg/kg diet) to each level of the carbohydrate diet. After an 8-week trial, the fish fed 400 mg/kg MI under HC levels had the highest weight gain and fatness, but the fish fed 1200 mg/kg MI had the lowest hepatosomatic index, visceral index and crude lipid in the HC group. The diet of 1200 mg/kg MI significantly decreased triglyceride content in the serum and liver compared with those fed the MI supplemented diets regardless of carbohydrate levels. Dietary MI decreased triglyceride accumulation in the liver irrespective of carbohydrate levels. The content of malondialdehyde decreased with increasing dietary MI at both carbohydrate levels. Fish fed 1200 mg/kg MI had the highest glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities. The HC diet increased the mRNA expression of key genes involved in lipid synthesis (DGAT, SREBP, FAS) in the fish fed the diet without MI supplementation. Dietary MI significantly under expressed fatty acid synthetase in fish fed the HC diets. Moreover, the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid catabolism (CPT, ATGL, PPAR-α) was significantly up-regulated with the increase of dietary MI levels despite dietary carbohydrate levels. The gene expressions of gluconeogenesis, glycolysis and MI biosynthesis were significantly down-regulated, while the expression of the pentose phosphate pathway was up-regulated with the increase of MI levels. This study indicates that HC diets can interrupt normal lipid metabolism and tend to form a fatty liver in fish. Dietary MI supplement can alleviate lipid accumulation in the liver by diverging some glucose metabolism into the pentose phosphate pathway and enhance the antioxidant capacity in O. niloticus.
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