9
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Zou G, Ren B, Liu Y, Fu Y, Chen P, Li X, Luo S, He J, Gao G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Li G, Huang Y, Xu K, Zhang W. Inhibin B suppresses anoikis resistance and migration through the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3416-3427. [PMID: 30151927 PMCID: PMC6215878 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibin B (INHBB), a heterodimer of a common α‐subunit and a βB‐subunit, is a glycoprotein belonging to the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) family. In this study, we observed INHBB expression was reduced in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues compared to non‐tumor nasopharyngeal epithelium tissues, and INHBB was associated with lymph node metastasis, stage of disease, and clinical progress. Positive expression of INHBB in NPC predicted a better prognosis (overall survival, P = 0.038). However, the molecular mechanisms of INHBB have not been addressed in NPC. We induced anoikis‐resistant cells in NPC cell lines under anchorage‐independent conditions, then found epithelial‐mesenchymal transition markers changed, cell apoptosis decreased, cell cycle was modified, and invasion strengthened in anoikis‐resistant NPC cells. These anoikis‐resistant NPC cells showed decreased expression of INHBB compared with adhesion cells. Furthermore, INHBB was found to influence the above‐mentioned changes. In the anoikis‐resistant NPC cells with INHBB overexpression, apoptotic cells increased, S phase cells weakened, vimentin, matrix metallopeptidase‐9, and vascular endothelial growth factor A expression were downregulated, and E‐cadherin expression was upregulated, and vice versa in knockdown of INHBB (INHBB shRNA) anoikis‐resistant NPC cells. Diminished INHBB expression could activate the TGF‐β pathway to phosphorylate Smad2/3 and form complexes in the nucleus, which resulted in the above changes. Thus, our results revealed for the first time that INHBB could suppress anoikis resistance and migration of NPC cells by the TGF‐β signaling pathway, decrease p53 overexpression, and could serve as a potential biomarker for NPC metastasis and prognosis as well as a therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Zou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Biqiong Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shudi Luo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Junyu He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumei Huang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Keqian Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Hampras SS, Sucheston-Campbell LE, Cannioto R, Chang-Claude J, Modugno F, Dörk T, Hillemanns P, Preus L, Knutson KL, Wallace PK, Hong CC, Friel G, Davis W, Nesline M, Pearce CL, Kelemen LE, Goodman MT, Bandera EV, Terry KL, Schoof N, Eng KH, Clay A, Singh PK, Joseph JM, Aben KK, Anton-Culver H, Antonenkova N, Baker H, Bean Y, Beckmann MW, Bisogna M, Bjorge L, Bogdanova N, Brinton LA, Brooks-Wilson A, Bruinsma F, Butzow R, Campbell IG, Carty K, Cook LS, Cramer DW, Cybulski C, Dansonka-Mieszkowska A, Dennis J, Despierre E, Dicks E, Doherty JA, du Bois A, Dürst M, Easton D, Eccles D, Edwards RP, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Fridley BL, Gao YT, Gentry-Maharaj A, Giles GG, Glasspool R, Gronwald J, Harrington P, Harter P, Hasmad HN, Hein A, Heitz F, Hildebrandt MA, Hogdall C, Hogdall E, Hosono S, Iversen ES, Jakubowska A, Jensen A, Ji BT, Karlan BY, Kellar M, Kelley JL, Kiemeney LA, Klapdor R, Kolomeyevskaya N, Krakstad C, Kjaer SK, Kruszka B, Kupryjanczyk J, Lambrechts D, Lambrechts S, Le ND, Lee AW, Lele S, Leminen A, Lester J, Levine DA, Liang D, Lissowska J, Liu S, Lu K, Lubinski J, Lundvall L, Massuger LF, Matsuo K, McGuire V, McLaughlin JR, McNeish I, Menon U, Moes-Sosnowska J, Narod SA, Nedergaard L, Nevanlinna H, Nickels S, Olson SH, Orlow I, Weber RP, Paul J, Pejovic T, Pelttari LM, Perkins B, Permuth-Wey J, Pike MC, Plisiecka-Halasa J, Poole EM, Risch HA, Rossing MA, Rothstein JH, Rudolph A, Runnebaum IB, Rzepecka IK, Salvesen HB, Schernhammer E, Schmitt K, Schwaab I, Shu XO, Shvetsov YB, Siddiqui N, Sieh W, Song H, Southey MC, Tangen IL, Teo SH, Thompson PJ, Timorek A, Tsai YY, Tworoger SS, Tyrer J, van Altena AM, Vergote I, Vierkant RA, Walsh C, Wang-Gohrke S, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wicklund KG, Wilkens LR, Wu AH, Wu X, Woo YL, Yang H, Zheng W, Ziogas A, Gayther SA, Ramus SJ, Sellers TA, Schildkraut JM, Phelan CM, Berchuck A, Chenevix-Trench G, Cunningham JM, Pharoah PP, Ness RB, Odunsi K, Goode EL, Moysich KB. Assessment of variation in immunosuppressive pathway genes reveals TGFBR2 to be associated with risk of clear cell ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69097-69110. [PMID: 27533245 PMCID: PMC5340115 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/1969] [Accepted: 12/31/1969] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes, are mediators of immunosuppression in cancer, and, thus, variants in genes encoding Treg cell immune molecules could be associated with ovarian cancer. METHODS In a population of 15,596 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases and 23,236 controls, we measured genetic associations of 1,351 SNPs in Treg cell pathway genes with odds of ovarian cancer and tested pathway and gene-level associations, overall and by histotype, for the 25 genes, using the admixture likelihood (AML) method. The most significant single SNP associations were tested for correlation with expression levels in 44 ovarian cancer patients. RESULTS The most significant global associations for all genes in the pathway were seen in endometrioid ( p = 0.082) and clear cell ( p = 0.083), with the most significant gene level association seen with TGFBR2 ( p = 0.001) and clear cell EOC. Gene associations with histotypes at p < 0.05 included: IL12 ( p = 0.005 and p = 0.008, serous and high-grade serous, respectively), IL8RA ( p = 0.035, endometrioid and mucinous), LGALS1 ( p = 0.03, mucinous), STAT5B ( p = 0.022, clear cell), TGFBR1 ( p = 0.021 endometrioid) and TGFBR2 ( p = 0.017 and p = 0.025, endometrioid and mucinous, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Common inherited gene variation in Treg cell pathways shows some evidence of germline genetic contribution to odds of EOC that varies by histologic subtype and may be associated with mRNA expression of immune-complex receptor in EOC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/immunology
- Adult
- Aged
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Frequency
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Genotype
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Risk Factors
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka S. Hampras
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Lara E. Sucheston-Campbell
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rikki Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Women's Cancer Research Program, Magee-Women's Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Clinics of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Leah Preus
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Keith L. Knutson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul K. Wallace
- Department of Flow & Image Cytometry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Grace Friel
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Mary Nesline
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Celeste L. Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Department of Population Health Research, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nils Schoof
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin H. Eng
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Alyssa Clay
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Prashant K. Singh
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Janine M. Joseph
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Katja K.H. Aben
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology and School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Natalia Antonenkova
- Byelorussian Institute for Oncology and Medical Radiology Aleksandrov N.N., Minsk, Belarus
| | - Helen Baker
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yukie Bean
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Bisogna
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Line Bjorge
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Natalia Bogdanova
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Louise A. Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Angela Brooks-Wilson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ian G. Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Carty
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Daniel W. Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Clinic of Opthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska
- Department of Pathology and Labolatory Diagnostic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Evelyn Despierre
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ed Dicks
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Andreas du Bois
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Doug Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert P. Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences and Ovarian Cancer Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Institute for Women's Health, Population Health Sciences, University College - London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosalind Glasspool
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patricia Harrington
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Philipp Harter
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany
| | - Hanis Nazihah Hasmad
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Center, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Heitz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen-Mitte/Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Claus Hogdall
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Hogdall
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Satoyo Hosono
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Edwin S. Iversen
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bu-Tian Ji
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Melissa Kellar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph L. Kelley
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rüdiger Klapdor
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nonna Kolomeyevskaya
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Susanne K. Kjaer
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bridget Kruszka
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jolanta Kupryjanczyk
- Department of Pathology and Labolatory Diagnostic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alice W. Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shashikant Lele
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Arto Leminen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Karen Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lene Lundvall
- Department of Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leon F.A.G. Massuger
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Valeria McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - John R. McLaughlin
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, UK
| | - Joanna Moes-Sosnowska
- Department of Pathology and Labolatory Diagnostic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Steven A. Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lotte Nedergaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Nickels
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sara H. Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachel Palmieri Weber
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - James Paul
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tanja Pejovic
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liisa M. Pelttari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Barbara Perkins
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenny Permuth-Wey
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Malcolm C. Pike
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa
- Department of Pathology and Labolatory Diagnostic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elizabeth M. Poole
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harvey A. Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joseph H. Rothstein
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Anja Rudolph
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo B. Runnebaum
- Department of Gynecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Iwona K. Rzepecka
- Department of Pathology and Labolatory Diagnostic, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva Schernhammer
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristina Schmitt
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ira Schwaab
- Institut für Humangenetik Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yurii B Shvetsov
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA
| | - Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ingvild L. Tangen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Center, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Pamela J. Thompson
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Agnieszka Timorek
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, Warsaw Medical University and Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ya-Yu Tsai
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna M. van Altena
- Department of Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christine Walsh
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kristine G. Wicklund
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii, USA
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yin-Ling Woo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated with UM Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Hannah Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Epidemiology and School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas A. Sellers
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Catherine M. Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- On behalf of the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul P. Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roberta B. Ness
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kirsten B. Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
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