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Mey M, Bhatta S, Suresh S, Labrador LM, Piontkivska H, Casadesus G. Therapeutic benefits of central LH receptor agonism in the APP/PS1 AD model involve trophic and immune regulation and are reproductive status dependent. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167165. [PMID: 38653355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms that underly reproductive hormone effects on cognition, neuronal plasticity, and AD risk, particularly in relation to gonadotropin LH receptor (LHCGR) signaling, remain poorly understood. To address this gap in knowledge and clarify the impact of circulating steroid hormones on the therapeutic effects of CNS LHCGR activation, we delivered the LHCGR agonist human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) intracerebroventricularly (ICV) and evaluated functional, structural, plasticity-related signaling cascades, Aβ pathology, and transcriptome differences in reproductively intact and ovariectomized (OVX) APP/PS1 AD female mice. Here we demonstrate that CNS hCG delivery restored function to wild-type levels only in OVX APP/PS1 mice. Spine density was increased in all hCG treated groups independently of reproductive status. Notably, increases in BDNF signaling and cognition, were selectively upregulated only in the OVX hCG-treated group. RNA sequencing analyses identified a significant increase in peripheral myeloid and pro-inflammatory genes within the hippocampi of the OVX group that were completely reversed by hCG treatment, identifying a potential mechanism underlying the selective therapeutic effect of LHCGR activation. Interestingly, in intact mice, hCG administration mimicked the effects of gonadectomy. Together, our findings indicate that CNS LHCGR agonism in the post-menopausal context is beneficial through trophic and immune mechanisms. Our findings also underscore the presence of a steroid-LHCGR mechanistic interaction that is unexplored yet potentially meaningful to fully understand "post-menopausal" brain function and CNS hormone treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Mey
- Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, United States of America
| | - Sabina Bhatta
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Sneha Suresh
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32606, United States of America
| | | | | | - Gemma Casadesus
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32606, United States of America.
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2
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Mey M, Bhatta S, Suresh S, Montero Labrador L, Piontkivska H, Casadesus G. The LH receptor regulates hippocampal spatial memory and restores dendritic spine density in ovariectomized APP/PS1 AD mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.22.573087. [PMID: 38187770 PMCID: PMC10769359 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.22.573087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Activation of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) rescues spatial memory function and spine density losses associated with gonadectomy and high circulating gonadotropin levels in females. However, whether this extends to the AD brain or the mechanisms that underlie these benefits remain unknown. To address this question, we delivered the LHCGR agonist human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) intracerebroventricularly (ICV), under reproductively intact and ovariectomized conditions to mimic the post-menopausal state in the APP/PS1mouse brain. Cognitive function was tested using the Morris water maze task, and hippocampal dendritic spine density, Aβ pathology, and signaling changes associated with these endpoints were determined to address mechanisms. Here we show that central LHCGR activation restored function in ovariectomized APP/PS1 female mice to wild-type levels without altering Aβ pathology. LHCGR activation increased hippocampal dendritic spine density regardless of reproductive status, and this was mediated by BDNF-dependent and independent signaling. We also show that ovariectomy in the APP/PS1 brain elicits an increase in peripherally derived pro-inflammatory genes which are inhibited by LHCGR activation. This may mediate reproductive status specific effects of LHCGR agonism on cognitive function and BDNF expression. Together, this work highlights the relevance of the LHCGR on cognition and its therapeutic potential in the "menopausal" AD brain.
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3
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Greenwell S, Faskowitz J, Pritschet L, Santander T, Jacobs EG, Betzel RF. High-amplitude network co-fluctuations linked to variation in hormone concentrations over the menstrual cycle. Netw Neurosci 2023; 7:1181-1205. [PMID: 37781152 PMCID: PMC10473261 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the human endocrine system modulates brain function, reporting associations between fluctuations in hormone concentrations and brain connectivity. However, how hormonal fluctuations impact fast changes in brain network organization over short timescales remains unknown. Here, we leverage a recently proposed framework for modeling co-fluctuations between the activity of pairs of brain regions at a framewise timescale. In previous studies we showed that time points corresponding to high-amplitude co-fluctuations disproportionately contributed to the time-averaged functional connectivity pattern and that these co-fluctuation patterns could be clustered into a low-dimensional set of recurring "states." Here, we assessed the relationship between these network states and quotidian variation in hormone concentrations. Specifically, we were interested in whether the frequency with which network states occurred was related to hormone concentration. We addressed this question using a dense-sampling dataset (N = 1 brain). In this dataset, a single individual was sampled over the course of two endocrine states: a natural menstrual cycle and while the subject underwent selective progesterone suppression via oral hormonal contraceptives. During each cycle, the subject underwent 30 daily resting-state fMRI scans and blood draws. Our analysis of the imaging data revealed two repeating network states. We found that the frequency with which state 1 occurred in scan sessions was significantly correlated with follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone concentrations. We also constructed representative networks for each scan session using only "event frames"-those time points when an event was determined to have occurred. We found that the weights of specific subsets of functional connections were robustly correlated with fluctuations in the concentration of not only luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones, but also progesterone and estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Greenwell
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Joshua Faskowitz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Program in Neurosciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Laura Pritschet
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Santander
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Emily G. Jacobs
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Richard F. Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Program in Neurosciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Network Science Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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4
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Khairy EY, Salama OA. Effect of exercise on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14300. [PMID: 37653057 PMCID: PMC10471618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis dysregulation was suggested to play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated the effects of exercise on HPG hormones in an AD rat model, as a possible mechanism underlying the favorable effect of exercise on AD. Forty male Wistar albino rats 2-3 months old were subdivided randomly into two groups (n = 20 each): AD group (injected intraperitoneally with aluminum chloride (70 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks) and Control group. Each group was subdivided into exercised or non-exercised group (n = 10 each). Exercised groups were subjected to a swimming protocol (60 min/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks). Serum HPG hormones, hippocampal β-amyloid levels and Morris water-maze cognition were assessed. Results demonstrated higher levels of β-amyloid, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) together with lower testosterone levels and cognitive impairment in the AD rats compared to controls. Β-amyloid levels negatively correlated with testosterone levels and positively correlated with GnRH, LH and FSH among the AD rats. Higher testosterone and lower GnRH, LH, FSH and β-amyloid levels, as well as cognitive improvement, were observed in the exercised compared to non-exercised AD rats, suggesting a modulatory role of exercise training on AD-associated HPG axis dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y Khairy
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ola A Salama
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 165, Horreya Avenue, Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt
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5
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Sims S, Barak O, Ryu V, Miyashita S, Kannangara H, Korkmaz F, Wizman S, Macdonald A, Gumerova A, Goosens K, Zaidi M, Yuen T, Lizneva D, Frolinger T. Absent LH signaling rescues the anxiety phenotype in aging female mice. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3324-3331. [PMID: 37563278 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies and experimental data together support a role for pituitary gonadotropins, including luteinizing hormone (LH), otherwise considered solely as fertility hormones, in age-related cognitive decline. Furthermore, rising levels of LH in post-menopausal women have been implicated in the high prevalence of mood disorders. This study was designed to examine the effect of deficient LH signaling on both cognitive and emotional behavior in 12-month-old Lhcgr-/- mice. For this, we established and validated a battery of five tests, including Dark-Light Box (DLB), Y-Maze Spontaneous Alternation, Novel Object Recognition (NOR), and contextual and cued Fear Conditioning (FCT) tests. We found that 12-month-old female wild type mice display a prominent anxiety phenotype on DLB and FCT. This phenotype was not seen in 12-month-old female Lhcgr-/- mice, indicating full phenotypic rescue. Furthermore, there was no effect of LHCGR depletion on recognition memory or working spatial memory on NOR and Y-maze testing, respectively, in 12-month-old mice, notwithstanding the absence of a basal phenotype in wild type littermates. The latter data do not exclude an effect of LH on cognition documented in previous studies. Finally, 12-month-old male mice and 3-month-old male and female mice did not consistently display deficits on any test. The data collectively document, for the first time, that loss of LH signaling reverses age-related emotional disturbances, a prelude to future targeted therapies that block LH action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Sims
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Orly Barak
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Vitaly Ryu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sari Miyashita
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hasni Kannangara
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Funda Korkmaz
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Soleil Wizman
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Anne Macdonald
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Anisa Gumerova
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ki Goosens
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mone Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Tony Yuen
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daria Lizneva
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Tal Frolinger
- Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Corrigan RR, Labrador L, Grizzanti J, Mey M, Piontkivska H, Casadesús G. Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Amylin Receptor Activation, Not Antagonism, in the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:1495-1514. [PMID: 36641678 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amylin, a pancreatic amyloid peptide involved in energy homeostasis, is increasingly studied in the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology. To date, conflicting pathogenic and neuroprotective roles for this peptide and its analogs for AD pathogenesis have been described. OBJECTIVE Whether the benefits of amylin are associated with peripheral improvement of metabolic tone/function or directly through the activation of central amylin receptors is also unknown and downstream signaling mechanisms of amylin receptors are major objectives of this study. METHODS To address these questions more directly we delivered the amylin analog pramlintide systemically (IP), at previously identified therapeutic doses, while centrally (ICV) inhibiting the receptor using an amylin receptor antagonist (AC187), at doses known to impact CNS function. RESULTS Here we show that pramlintide improved cognitive function independently of CNS receptor activation and provide transcriptomic data that highlights potential mechanisms. Furthermore, we show than inhibition of the amylin receptor increased amyloid-beta pathology in female APP/PS1 mice, an effect than was mitigated by peripheral delivery of pramlintide. Through transcriptomic analysis of pramlintide therapy in AD-modeled mice we found sexual dimorphic modulation of neuroprotective mechanisms: oxidative stress protection in females and membrane stability and reduced neuronal excitability markers in males. CONCLUSION These data suggest an uncoupling of functional and pathology-related events and highlighting a more complex receptor system and pharmacological relationship that must be carefully studied to clarify the role of amylin in CNS function and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Labrador
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John Grizzanti
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Megan Mey
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Gemma Casadesús
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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7
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Geddes RI, Kapoor A, Hayashi K, Rauh R, Wehber M, Bongers Q, Jansen AD, Anderson IM, Farquhar G, Vadakkadath‐Meethal S, Ziegler TE, Atwood CS. Hypogonadism induced by surgical stress and brain trauma is reversed by human chorionic gonadotropin in male rats: A potential therapy for surgical and TBI-induced hypogonadism? Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2021; 4:e00239. [PMID: 34277964 PMCID: PMC8279618 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is an almost universal, yet underappreciated, endocrinological complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The goal of this study was to determine whether the developmental hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment could reverse HH induced by a TBI. METHODS Plasma samples were collected at post-surgery/post-injury (PSD/PID) days -10, 1, 11, 19 and 29 from male Sprague-Dawley rats (5- to 6-month-old) that had undergone a Sham surgery (craniectomy alone) or CCI injury (craniectomy + bilateral moderate-to-severe CCI injury) and treatment with saline or hCG (400 IU/kg; i.m.) every other day. RESULTS Both Sham and CCI injury significantly decreased circulating testosterone (T), 11-deoxycorticosterone (11-DOC) and corticosterone concentrations to a similar extent (79.1% vs. 80.0%; 46.6% vs. 48.4%; 56.2% vs. 32.5%; respectively) by PSD/PID 1. hCG treatment returned circulating T to baseline concentrations by PSD/PID 1 (8.9 ± 1.5 ng/ml and 8.3 ± 1.9 ng/ml; respectively) and was maintained through PSD/PID 29. hCG treatment significantly, but transiently, increased circulating progesterone (P4) ~3-fold (30.2 ± 10.5 ng/ml and 24.2 ± 5.8 ng/ml) above that of baseline concentrations on PSD 1 and PID 1, respectively. hCG treatment did not reverse hypoadrenalism following either procedure. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data indicate that (1) craniectomy is sufficient to induce persistent hypogonadism and hypoadrenalism, (2) hCG can reverse hypogonadism induced by a craniectomy or craniectomy +CCI injury, suggesting that (3) craniectomy and CCI injury induce a persistent hypogonadism by decreasing hypothalamic and/or pituitary function rather than testicular function in male rats. The potential role of hCG as a cheap, safe and readily available treatment for reversing surgery or TBI-induced hypogonadism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastafa I. Geddes
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Amita Kapoor
- Assay Services Unit and Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Core LaboratoryNational Primate Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Kentaro Hayashi
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Ryan Rauh
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Marlyse Wehber
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Quinn Bongers
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Alex D. Jansen
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Icelle M. Anderson
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Gabrielle Farquhar
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Sivan Vadakkadath‐Meethal
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
| | - Toni E. Ziegler
- Assay Services Unit and Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Core LaboratoryNational Primate Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Craig S. Atwood
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterVeterans Administration HospitalMadisonWIUSA
- School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupAustralia
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8
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Hu YT, Boonstra J, McGurran H, Stormmesand J, Sluiter A, Balesar R, Verwer R, Swaab D, Bao AM. Sex differences in the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease: focus on cognitively intact elderly individuals. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:958-966. [PMID: 33969531 PMCID: PMC9290663 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Women are more vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease (AD) than men. We investigated (i) whether and at what age the AD hallmarks, that is, β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) show sex differences; and (ii) whether such sex differences may occur in cognitively intact elderly individuals. METHODS We first analysed the entire post-mortem brain collection of all non-demented 'controls' and AD donors from our Brain Bank (245 men and 403 women), for the presence of sex differences in AD hallmarks. Second, we quantitatively studied possible sex differences in Aβ, Aβ42 and p-Tau in the entorhinal cortex of well-matched female (n = 31) and male (n = 21) clinically cognitively intact elderly individuals. RESULTS Women had significantly higher Braak stages for tangles and amyloid scores than men, after 80 years. In the cognitively intact elderly, women showed higher levels of p-Tau, but not Aβ or Aβ42, in the entorhinal cortex than men, and a significant interaction of sex with age was found only for p-Tau but not Aβ or Aβ42. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced p-Tau in the entorhinal cortex may play a major role in the vulnerability to AD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jackson Boonstra
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo McGurran
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jochem Stormmesand
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arja Sluiter
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rawien Balesar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald Verwer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Swaab
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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9
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Bohm-Levine N, Goldberg AR, Mariani M, Frankfurt M, Thornton J. Reducing luteinizing hormone levels after ovariectomy improves spatial memory: Possible role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Horm Behav 2020; 118:104590. [PMID: 31593698 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.104590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and other forms of cognitive decline are significantly more prevalent in post-menopausal women. Decreased estrogen levels, due to menopause or ovariectomy, may contribute to memory impairments and neurodegeneration. Another result of decreased estrogen levels is elevated luteinizing hormone (LH). Elevated LH after menopause/ovariectomy has been shown to impair cognition in both human and animal studies. Lowering LH levels rescues spatial memory in ovariectomized (ovx) rodents, yet the mechanisms of these effects are still unclear. Estrogens appear to exert some of their effects on memory by increasing levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. In these studies, we explored whether lowering LH may act by increasing BDNF. Ovx rats were treated with Antide, a gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor antagonist that lowers LH levels, or with estradiol. Both Antide and estradiol treatment enhanced spatial memory in ovx females. Both were found to be ineffective when a BDNF receptor antagonist was administered. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that both Antide and estradiol increased BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Dendritic spine density on pyramidal cells in CA1 was unchanged by any treatment. These results provide evidence for a relationship between LH and BDNF in the hippocampus and demonstrate that estrogen-increasing and LH-lowering treatments may both require BDNF signaling in order to improve spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Bohm-Levine
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland St, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Alexander R Goldberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland St, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Monica Mariani
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland St, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
| | - Maya Frankfurt
- Department of Science Education, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Janice Thornton
- Department of Neuroscience, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland St, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA.
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10
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Campos GV, de Souza AMA, Ji H, West CA, Wu X, Lee DL, Aguilar BL, Forcelli PA, de Menezes RC, Sandberg K. The Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Antagonist Losartan Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Long Evans Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:407-420. [PMID: 31637567 PMCID: PMC7056686 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Women who have bilateral oophorectomies prior to the age of natural menopause are at increased risk of developing mild cognitive decline, dementia, anxiety, and depressive type disorders. Clinical and animal studies indicate angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) have blood pressure (BP)-independent neuroprotective effects. To investigate the potential use of ARBs in normotensive women at increased risk of developing neurocognitive problems, we studied a rat model of bilateral oophorectomy. Long Evans rats were sham-operated (Sham) or ovariectomized (Ovx) at 3 months of age and immediately treated continuously with vehicle (Veh) or the ARB losartan (Los) for the duration of the experiment. In contrast to many hypertensive rat models, ovariectomy did not increase mean arterial pressure (MAP) in these normotensive rats. Ovariectomized rats spent less time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze (EPM) [(% total time): Veh, 34.1 ± 5.1 vs. Ovx, 18.7 ± 4.4; p < 0.05] and in the center of the open field (OF) [(s): Veh, 11.1 ± 1.7 vs. Ovx, 6.64 ± 1.1; p < 0.05]. They also had worse performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) test as evidenced by a reduction in the recognition index [Veh, 0.62 ± 0.04 vs. Ovx, 0.45 ± 0.03; p < 0.05]. These adverse effects of ovariectomy were prevented by Los. Losartan also reduced plasma corticosterone in Ovx rats compared to Veh treatment [(ng/mL): Ovx–Veh, 238 ± 20 vs. Ovx–Los, 119 ± 42; p < 0.05]. Ovariectomy increased AT1R mRNA expression in the CA3 region of the hippocampus (Hc) [(copies x 106/µg RNA): Sham–Veh, 7.15 ± 0.87 vs. Ovx–Veh, 9.86 ± 1.7; p < 0.05]. These findings suggest the neuroprotective effects of this ARB in normotensive Ovx rats involve reduction of plasma corticosterone and blockade of increased AT1R activity in the hippocampus. These data suggest ARBs have therapeutic potential for normotensive women at increased risk of developing cognitive and behavioral dysfunction due to bilateral oophorectomy prior to the natural age of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda V Campos
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline M A de Souza
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Crystal A West
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Xie Wu
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Dexter L Lee
- Department of Physiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brittany L Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Patrick A Forcelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rodrigo C de Menezes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Kathryn Sandberg
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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11
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Abstract
The acquisition of associated signals is commonly seen in life. The integrative storage of these exogenous and endogenous signals is essential for cognition, emotion and behaviors. In terms of basic units of memory traces or engrams, associative memory cells are recruited in the brain during learning, cognition and emotional reactions. The recruitment and refinement of associative memory cells facilitate the retrieval of memory-relevant events and the learning of reorganized unitary signals that have been acquired. The recruitment of associative memory cells is fulfilled by generating mutual synapse innervations among them in coactivated brain regions. Their axons innervate downstream neurons convergently and divergently to recruit secondary associative memory cells. Mutual synapse innervations among associative memory cells confer the integrative storage and reciprocal retrieval of associated signals. Their convergent synapse innervations to secondary associative memory cells endorse integrative cognition. Their divergent innervations to secondary associative memory cells grant multiple applications of associated signals. Associative memory cells in memory traces are defined to be nerve cells that are able to encode multiple learned signals and receive synapse innervations carrying these signals. An impairment in the recruitment and refinement of associative memory cells will lead to the memory deficit associated with neurological diseases and psychological disorders. This review presents a comprehensive diagram for the recruitment and refinement of associative memory cells for memory-relevant events in a lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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12
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Blair JA, Bhatta S, Casadesus G. CNS luteinizing hormone receptor activation rescues ovariectomy-related loss of spatial memory and neuronal plasticity. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 78:111-120. [PMID: 30925299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ovariectomy (OVX), a menopause model, leads to cognition and neuronal plasticity deficits that are rescued by estrogen administration or downregulation of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH). LH is present in the brain. However, whether LH levels differ across brain regions, change across reproductive stages, or whether brain-specific LHR signaling play a role in OVX-related cognitive and neuroplasticity losses is completely unknown. To address this, we measured brain LH in cycling and OVX C57Bl/6 across brain regions and determined whether OVX-related functional and plasticity deficits could be rescued by intracerebroventricular administration of the LHR agonist (hCG). Here, we show that while pituitary LH is increased in OVX, brain LH is decreased, primarily in spatial memory and navigation areas. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular hCG delivery after OVX rescued dendritic spine density and spatial memory. In vitro, we show that hCG increased neurite outgrowth in primary hippocampal neurons in a receptor-specific manner. Taken together, our data suggest that loss of brain LH signaling is involved in cognitive and plasticity losses associated with OVX and loss of ovarian hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Blair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Sabina Bhatta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
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13
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Image-guided phenotyping of ovariectomized mice: altered functional connectivity, cognition, myelination, and dopaminergic functionality. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 74:77-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Danshen-Honghua Ameliorates Stress-Induced Menopausal Depression in Rats. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:6589608. [PMID: 29853846 PMCID: PMC5960543 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6589608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Previously, we have shown that Danshen-Honghua (DSHH) for cognitive deficits after ischemia induced impairments of the hippocampus. Here, we investigate the effects of DSHH on stress-induced depression in menopausal rats. Methods A rat model with menopausal depression was established with bilateral ovariectomies in female SD rats followed by chronic mild stress treatment for 21 days. 40 rats were randomly divided into the sham surgery group (sham surgery and no stress treatment), surgery group (surgery with no stress treatment), surgery/stress group (surgery and stress treatment), fluoxetine group (2.4 mg·kg−1, with surgery and stress treatment), and DSHH group (35 g·kg−1, with surgery and stress treatment). The rats in the last two groups were treated with stresses together with intragastric drug administration for three weeks after the surgery. Then open-field locomotor scores and sucrose intake were tested for behavior changes. Also, the levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and cortisone were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The results of open-field locomotor scores, sucrose intake in both the fluoxetine group and DSHH group, were significantly higher than those of the surgery/stress group (P < 0.01). Serum LH, FSH, and cortisone levels in both the DSHH group and fluoxetine group were significantly lower than those in the surgery/stress group (P < 0.01). Serum E2 levels in these groups were slightly increased in these medicine groups (P < 0.01). The monoamine levels in the DSHH group were much higher than those in the surgery/stress group (P < 0.01). Conclusion DSHH can ameliorate stress-induced depressed syndromes in the surgery/stressed rats via regulating LH and FSH levels as well as monoamine levels.
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15
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Monteleone P, Mascagni G, Giannini A, Genazzani AR, Simoncini T. Symptoms of menopause - global prevalence, physiology and implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14:199-215. [PMID: 29393299 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The symptoms of menopause can be distressing, particularly as they occur at a time when women have important roles in society, within the family and at the workplace. Hormonal changes that begin during the menopausal transition affect many biological systems. Accordingly, the signs and symptoms of menopause include central nervous system-related disorders; metabolic, weight, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal changes; urogenital and skin atrophy; and sexual dysfunction. The physiological basis of these manifestations is emerging as complex and related, but not limited to, oestrogen deprivation. Findings generated mainly from longitudinal population studies have shown that ethnic, geographical and individual factors affect symptom prevalence and severity. Moreover, and of great importance to clinical practice, the latest research has highlighted how certain menopausal symptoms can be associated with the onset of other disorders and might therefore serve as predictors of future health risks in postmenopausal women. The goal of this Review is to describe in a timely manner new research findings on the global prevalence and physiology of menopausal symptoms and their impact on future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Monteleone
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Giulia Mascagni
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Andrea Giannini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Andrea R Genazzani
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, Pisa 56126, Italy
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16
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Bhatta S, Blair JA, Casadesus G. Luteinizing Hormone Involvement in Aging Female Cognition: Not All Is Estrogen Loss. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30319538 PMCID: PMC6165885 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pervasive age-related dysfunction in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is associated with cognitive impairments in aging as well as pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as the Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a major regulator of the HPG axis, the steroid hormone estrogen has been widely studied for its role in regulation of memory. Although estrogen modulates both cognition as well as cognition associated morphological components in a healthy state, the benefits of estrogen replacement therapy on cognition and disease seem to diminish with advancing age. Emerging data suggests an important role for luteinizing hormone (LH) in CNS function, which is another component of the HPG axis that becomes dysregulated during aging, particularly in menopause. The goal of this review is to highlight the current existing literature on LH and provide new insights on possible mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Bhatta
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Blair
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Gemma Casadesus
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Gemma Casadesus
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17
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Martins RN, Villemagne V, Sohrabi HR, Chatterjee P, Shah TM, Verdile G, Fraser P, Taddei K, Gupta VB, Rainey-Smith SR, Hone E, Pedrini S, Lim WL, Martins I, Frost S, Gupta S, O’Bryant S, Rembach A, Ames D, Ellis K, Fuller SJ, Brown B, Gardener SL, Fernando B, Bharadwaj P, Burnham S, Laws SM, Barron AM, Goozee K, Wahjoepramono EJ, Asih PR, Doecke JD, Salvado O, Bush AI, Rowe CC, Gandy SE, Masters CL. Alzheimer's Disease: A Journey from Amyloid Peptides and Oxidative Stress, to Biomarker Technologies and Disease Prevention Strategies-Gains from AIBL and DIAN Cohort Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:965-992. [PMID: 29562546 PMCID: PMC5870031 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide there are over 46 million people living with dementia, and this number is expected to double every 20 years reaching about 131 million by 2050. The cost to the community and government health systems, as well as the stress on families and carers is incalculable. Over three decades of research into this disease have been undertaken by several research groups in Australia, including work by our original research group in Western Australia which was involved in the discovery and sequencing of the amyloid-β peptide (also known as Aβ or A4 peptide) extracted from cerebral amyloid plaques. This review discusses the journey from the discovery of the Aβ peptide in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain to the establishment of pre-clinical AD using PET amyloid tracers, a method now serving as the gold standard for developing peripheral diagnostic approaches in the blood and the eye. The latter developments for early diagnosis have been largely achieved through the establishment of the Australian Imaging Biomarker and Lifestyle research group that has followed 1,100 Australians for 11 years. AIBL has also been instrumental in providing insight into the role of the major genetic risk factor apolipoprotein E ɛ4, as well as better understanding the role of lifestyle factors particularly diet, physical activity and sleep to cognitive decline and the accumulation of cerebral Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth WA, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Victor Villemagne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth WA, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Pratishtha Chatterjee
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Tejal M. Shah
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Paul Fraser
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Taddei
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Veer B. Gupta
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Ling Lim
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ian Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Shaun Frost
- CSIRO Australian e-Health Research Centre/Health and Biosecurity, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sunil Gupta
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Sid O’Bryant
- University of North Texas Health Science Centre, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Alan Rembach
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George’s Hospital, Kew, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie J. Fuller
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Belinda Brown
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha L. Gardener
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Prashant Bharadwaj
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha Burnham
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- eHealth, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon M. Laws
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
- Collaborative Genomics Group, Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Anna M. Barron
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth WA, Australia
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Kathryn Goozee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth WA, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
- Anglicare, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Eka J. Wahjoepramono
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Prita R. Asih
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Sydney NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - James D. Doecke
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian E-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Olivier Salvado
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian E-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher C. Rowe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuel E. Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Colin L. Masters
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
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18
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Gu S, Jing L, Li Y, Huang JH, Wang F. Stress Induced Hormone and Neuromodulator Changes in Menopausal Depressive Rats. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:253. [PMID: 29951006 PMCID: PMC6008427 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Previously, we showed that neuromodulators are important factors involved in depression, here we aim to further investigate the interactions between neuromodulators and sex hormone involved in menopause related depression in rats. Methods: Menopausal depression was made with bilateral ovariectomies in female SD rats followed by chronic mild unpredictable stress treatment for 21 days. Thirty six rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham surgery group, sham/stress group, surgery group, surgery/stress group. Then open-field locomotor scores and sucrose intake were employed to observe behavior changes. The levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) in the cerebral spinal fluid and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisone were determined with High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results: The open-field locomotor scores and sucrose intake were significantly decreased after the surgery and stress treatment (p < 0.01). The Serum E2 level decreased significantly after the surgery (p < 0.01), but serum LH, FSH levels increased significantly in the surgery group than the sham surgery group (p < 0.01). The cortisone levels increased significantly in sham/stress group than that in the sham surgery group during the first 2 weeks at stressful treatment, but decrease afterwards. The monoamine levels in the surgery/stress group were much lower than those in the sham surgery group (p < 0.01). The correlation analysis found that LH and FSH are related more to the neurotransmitter release than E2. Conclusion: Ovary removal rats showed depression-like behaviors, with LH and FSH increase and monoamine decrease, and the levels of these monoamines in the stress treated groups changed only after the stressful treatment. The LH, FSH hormone increasing might be the reason for the lower monoamine release, which in turn might be the reason for depressed syndromes in the menopause. The cortisone and ACTH in the serum in the surgery/stress group were much higher than that in the sham surgery group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Gu
- School of Psychology, Jiangsu University Medical Center, Zhenjiang, China.,School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Jing
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, United States
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Psychology, Institute of Emotional Studies, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States
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19
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Arfa-Fatollahkhani P, Nahavandi A, Abtahi H, Anjidani S, Borhani S, Jameie SB, Shabani M, Mehrzadi S, Shahbazi A. The Effect of Luteinizing Hormone Reducing Agent on Anxiety and Novel Object Recognition Memory in Gonadectomized Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2017; 8:113-119. [PMID: 28539995 PMCID: PMC5440920 DOI: 10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mood disorders such as anxiety and depression are common following menopause and andropause. Lack of sex steroid hormones is suggested as the primary cause of these disturbances. The level of luteinizing hormone (LH) would also rise 3-4 times than normal in these people. The potential effects of LH on mood and cognitive symptoms following menopause and andropause are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased LH on novel object discrimination (NOD) memory and anxiety like behavior in gonadectomized rats. METHODS Four-month-old male and female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (in each sex): control rats (Cont), gonadectomized without treatment (GnX), gonadectomized treated with triptorelin, a GnRH agonist which reduces LH release eventually, (GnX+Tr), gonadectomized treated with triptorelin plus sex steroid hormone, estradiol in female and testosterone in male rats (GnX+Tr+S/T). After 4 weeks treatment, anxiety score (elevated plus maze) and NOD were measured. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, and P-values less than 0.05 were considered as significant. RESULTS Gonadectomy increased anxiety like behaviors (decrease of presence time in the open arms) in female rats (P=0.012), but not in male ones (P=0.662). Additionally, triptorelin alone reduced the increased anxiety score in gonadectomized female rats, compared to group treated with both triptorelin and estradiol. Furthermore, it was shown that gonadectomy and or treatment with triptorelin and sex steroids had no significant effect on novel object recognition memory in both female (P=0.472) and male rats (P=0.798). CONCLUSION Findings of this study revealed that increased level of LH following menopause or andropause should be considered as a possible cause for increased anxiety. Also, this study showed that LH reducing agents would reduce anxiety like behavior in gonadectomized female rats. The effect of increased LH on cognitive functions such as novel object recognition memory was not evident in this study and needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Arfa-Fatollahkhani
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezo Nahavandi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abtahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Shabnam Anjidani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Borhani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Behnam Jameie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shahbazi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Golds G, Houdek D, Arnason T. Male Hypogonadism and Osteoporosis: The Effects, Clinical Consequences, and Treatment of Testosterone Deficiency in Bone Health. Int J Endocrinol 2017; 2017:4602129. [PMID: 28408926 PMCID: PMC5376477 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4602129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that bone loss accelerates in hypogonadal states, with female menopause being the classic example of sex hormones affecting the regulation of bone metabolism. Underrepresented is our knowledge of the clinical and metabolic consequences of overt male hypogonadism, as well as the more subtle age-related decline in testosterone on bone quality. While menopause and estrogen deficiency are well-known risk factors for osteoporosis in women, the effects of age-related testosterone decline in men on bone health are less well known. Much of our knowledge comes from observational studies and retrospective analysis on small groups of men with variable causes of primary or secondary hypogonadism and mild to overt testosterone deficiencies. This review aims to present the current knowledge of the consequences of adult male hypogonadism on bone metabolism. The direct and indirect effects of testosterone on bone cells will be explored as well as the important differences in male osteoporosis and assessment as compared to that in females. The clinical consequence of both primary and secondary hypogonadism, as well as testosterone decline in older males, on bone density and fracture risk in men will be summarized. Finally, the therapeutic options and their efficacy in male osteoporosis and hypogonadism will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Golds
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W8
| | - Devon Houdek
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W8
| | - Terra Arnason
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 0W8
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21
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Koebele SV, Bimonte-Nelson HA. The endocrine-brain-aging triad where many paths meet: female reproductive hormone changes at midlife and their influence on circuits important for learning and memory. Exp Gerontol 2016; 94:14-23. [PMID: 27979770 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Female mammals undergo natural fluctuations in sex steroid hormone levels throughout life. These fluctuations span from early development, to cyclic changes associated with the menstrual or estrous cycle and pregnancy, to marked hormone flux during perimenopause, and a final decline at reproductive senescence. While the transition to reproductive senescence is not yet fully understood, the vast majority of mammals experience this spontaneous, natural phenomenon with age, which has broad implications for long-lived species. Indeed, this post-reproductive life stage, and its transition, involves significant and enduring physiological changes, including considerably altered sex steroid hormone and gonadotropin profiles that impact multiple body systems, including the brain. The endocrine-brain-aging triad is especially noteworthy, as many paths meet and interact. Many of the brain regions affected by aging are also sensitive to changes in ovarian hormone levels, and aging and reproductive senescence are both associated with changes in memory performance. This review explores how menopause is related to cognitive aging, and discusses some of the key neural systems and molecular factors altered with age and reproductive hormone level changes, with an emphasis on brain regions important for learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie V Koebele
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ 85006, United States
| | - Heather A Bimonte-Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ 85006, United States.
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Gupta V, Gupta VB, Chitranshi N, Gangoda S, Vander Wall R, Abbasi M, Golzan M, Dheer Y, Shah T, Avolio A, Chung R, Martins R, Graham S. One protein, multiple pathologies: multifaceted involvement of amyloid β in neurodegenerative disorders of the brain and retina. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4279-4297. [PMID: 27333888 PMCID: PMC11108534 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and its aggregates in the ageing central nervous system is regarded synonymous to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Despite unquestionable advances in mechanistic and diagnostic aspects of the disease understanding, the primary cause of Aβ accumulation as well as its in vivo roles remains elusive; nonetheless, the majority of the efforts to address pathological mechanisms for therapeutic development are focused towards moderating Aβ accumulation in the brain. More recently, Aβ deposition has been identified in the eye and is linked with distinct age-related diseases including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma as well as AD. Awareness of the Aβ accumulation in these markedly different degenerative disorders has led to an increasing body of work exploring overlapping mechanisms, a prospective biomarker role for Aβ and the potential to use retina as a model for brain related neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we present an integrated view of current understanding of the retinal Aβ deposition discussing the accumulation mechanisms, anticipated impacts and outlining ameliorative approaches that can be extrapolated to the retina for potential therapeutic benefits. Further longitudinal investigations in humans and animal models will determine retinal Aβ association as a potential pathognomonic, diagnostic or prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Veer B Gupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sumudu Gangoda
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mojdeh Abbasi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Golzan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yogita Dheer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tejal Shah
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Alberto Avolio
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ralph Martins
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Stuart Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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