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Lofrumento F, Irrera N, Licordari R, Perfetti S, Nasso E, Liotta P, Isgrò G, Garcia-Ruiz V, Squadrito F, Carerj S, Di Bella G, Micari A, Costa F. Off-Target Effects of P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitors: Focus on Early Myocardial Fibrosis Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17546. [PMID: 38139379 PMCID: PMC10743395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that, beyond their antithrombotic effects, P2Y12 receptor inhibitors may provide additional off-target effects through different mechanisms. These effects range from the preservation of endothelial barrier function to the modulation of inflammation or stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, with an impact on different cell types, including endothelial and immune cells. Many P2Y12 inhibitors have been developed, from ticlopidine, the first thienopyridine, to the more potent non-thienopyridine derivatives such as ticagrelor which may promote cardioprotective effects following myocardial infarction (MI) by inhibiting adenosine reuptake through sodium-independent equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1). Adenosine may affect different molecular pathways involved in cardiac fibrosis, such as the Wnt (wingless-type)/beta (β)-catenin signaling. An early pro-fibrotic response of the epicardium and activation of cardiac fibroblasts with the involvement of Wnt1 (wingless-type family member 1)/β-catenin, are critically required for preserving cardiac function after acute ischemic cardiac injury. This review discusses molecular signaling pathways involved in cardiac fibrosis post MI, focusing on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and the off-target effect of P2Y12 receptor inhibition. A potential role of ticagrelor was speculated in the early modulation of cardiac fibrosis, thanks to its off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lofrumento
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Roberto Licordari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Silvia Perfetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Enrica Nasso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Paolo Liotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Giovanni Isgrò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | | | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Scipione Carerj
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Gianluca Di Bella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (F.L.); (R.L.); (S.P.); (E.N.); (P.L.); (G.I.); (F.S.); (S.C.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Antonio Micari
- BIOMORF Department, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costa
- BIOMORF Department, Policlinic “G. Martino”, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (F.C.)
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2
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Li S, Zhang K, Wen J, Zeng Y, Deng Y, Hu Q, Weng Q. Molecular Mechanism of Male Sterility Induced by 60Co γ-Rays on Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Molecules 2023; 28:5727. [PMID: 37570697 PMCID: PMC10420029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) is one of the notorious pests causing substantial loses to numerous cruciferous vegetables across many nations. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a safe and effective pest control method, which does not pollute the environment and does not produce drug resistance. We used proteomics technology and bioinformatics analysis to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of different doses of radiation treatment on the reproductive ability of male P. xylostella. A total of 606 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in the 200 Gy/CK group, 1843 DEPs were identified in the 400 Gy/CK group, and 2057 DEPs were identified in the 400 Gy/200 Gy group. The results showed that after 200 Gy irradiation, the testes resisted radiation damage by increasing energy supply, amino acid metabolism and transport, and protein synthesis, while transcription-related pathways were inhibited. After 400 Gy irradiation, the mitochondria and DNA in the testis tissue of P. xylostella were damaged, which caused cell autophagy and apoptosis, affected the normal life activities of sperm cells, and greatly weakened sperm motility and insemination ability. Meanwhile, Western blotting showed that irradiation affects tyrosine phosphorylation levels, which gradually decrease with increasing irradiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifan Li
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuhao Zeng
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yukun Deng
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qunfang Weng
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.L.); (K.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.Z.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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3
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Paron F, Barattucci S, Cappelli S, Romano M, Berlingieri C, Stuani C, Laurents D, Mompeán M, Buratti E. Unravelling the toxic effects mediated by the neurodegenerative disease-associated S375G mutation of TDP-43 and its S375E phosphomimetic variant. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102252. [PMID: 35835219 PMCID: PMC9364110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is a nucleic acid–binding protein found in the nucleus that accumulates in the cytoplasm under pathological conditions, leading to proteinopathies, such as frontotemporal dementia and ALS. An emerging area of TDP-43 research is represented by the study of its post-translational modifications, the way they are connected to disease-associated mutations, and what this means for pathological processes. Recently, we described a novel mutation in TDP-43 in an early onset ALS case that was affecting a potential phosphorylation site in position 375 (S375G). A preliminary characterization showed that both the S375G mutation and its phosphomimetic variant, S375E, displayed altered nuclear–cytoplasmic distribution and cellular toxicity. To better investigate these effects, here we established cell lines expressing inducible WT, S375G, and S375E TDP-43 variants. Interestingly, we found that these mutants do not seem to affect well-studied aspects of TDP-43, such as RNA splicing or autoregulation, or protein conformation, dynamics, or aggregation, although they do display dysmorphic nuclear shape and cell cycle alterations. In addition, RNA-Seq analysis of these cell lines showed that although the disease-associated S375G mutation and its phosphomimetic S375E variant regulate distinct sets of genes, they have a common target in mitochondrial apoptotic genes. Taken together, our data strongly support the growing evidence that alterations in TDP-43 post-translational modifications can play a potentially important role in disease pathogenesis and provide a further link between TDP-43 pathology and mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paron
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Barattucci
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Cappelli
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Berlingieri
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Cristiana Stuani
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Douglas Laurents
- "Rocasolano" Institute for Physical Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Mompeán
- "Rocasolano" Institute for Physical Chemistry, Spanish National Research Council, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- Molecular Pathology, International Centre for Genetic and Engineering Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.
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Ledwon JK, Vaca EE, Huang CC, Kelsey LJ, McGrath JL, Topczewski J, Gosain AK, Topczewska JM. Langerhans cells and SFRP2/Wnt/beta-catenin signalling control adaptation of skin epidermis to mechanical stretching. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:764-775. [PMID: 35019227 PMCID: PMC8817127 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin can be mechanically stimulated to grow through a clinical procedure called tissue expansion (TE). Using a porcine TE model, we determined that expansion promptly activates transcription of SFRP2 in skin and we revealed that in the epidermis, this protein is secreted by Langerhans cells (LCs). Similar to well‐known mechanosensitive genes, the increase in SFRP2 expression was proportional to the magnitude of tension, showing a spike at the apex of the expanded skin. This implies that SFRP2 might be a newly discovered effector of mechanotransduction pathways. In addition, we found that acute stretching induces accumulation of b‐catenin in the nuclei of basal keratinocytes (KCs) and LCs, indicating Wnt signalling activation, followed by cell proliferation. Moreover, TE‐activated LCs proliferate and migrate into the suprabasal layer of skin, suggesting that LCs rebuild their steady network within the growing epidermis. We demonstrated that in vitro hrSFRP2 treatment on KCs inhibits Wnt/b‐catenin signalling and stimulates KC differentiation. In parallel, we observed an accumulation of KRT10 in vivo in the expanded skin, pointing to TE‐induced, SFRP2‐augmented KC maturation. Overall, our results reveal that a network of LCs delivers SFRP2 across the epidermis to fine‐tune Wnt/b‐catenin signalling to restore epidermal homeostasis disrupted by TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Ledwon
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elbert E Vaca
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chiang C Huang
- University of Wisconsin, Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, Milwaukee, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren J Kelsey
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer L McGrath
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacek Topczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Arun K Gosain
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jolanta M Topczewska
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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5
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de la Ballina NR, Villalba A, Cao A. Shotgun analysis to identify differences in protein expression between granulocytes and hyalinocytes of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:678-691. [PMID: 34748932 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of wild populations of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis is important for ecosystem health and conservation of this species, because native oyster populations have dramatically declined or disappeared in most European waters. Diseases have contributed to oyster decline and are important constrains for oyster recovery. Understanding oyster immune system should contribute to design effective strategies to fight oyster diseases. Haemocytes play a pivotal role in mollusc immune responses protecting from infection. Two main types of haemocytes, granulocytes and hyalinocytes, are distinguished in O. edulis. A study aiming to explore differential functions between both haemocyte types and, thus, to enrich the knowledge of Ostrea edulis immune system, was performed by comparing the proteome of the two haemolymph cell types, using a shotgun approach through liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Cells from oyster haemolymph were differentially separated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Shotgun LC-MS/MS performance allowed the identification of 145 proteins in hyalinocytes and 138 in the proteome of granulocytes. After a comparative analysis, 55 proteins with main roles in defence were identified, from which 28 were representative of granulocytes and 27 of hyalinocytes, plus 11 proteins shared by both cell types. Different proteins involved in signal transduction, apoptosis, oxidative response, processes related with the cytoskeleton and structure, recognition and wound healing were identified as representatives of each haemocyte type. Important signalling pathways in the immune response such as MAPK, Ras and NF-κβ seemed to be more relevant for granulocytes, while the Wnt signalling pathway, particularly relevant for wound healing, more relevant in hyalinocytes. The differences in proteins involved in recognition and in cytoskeleton and structure suggest differential specialisation in processes of phagocytosis and internalisation of pathogens between haemocyte types. Apoptosis seemed more active in granulocytes. The differences in proteins involved in oxidative response also suggest different redox processes in each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria R de la Ballina
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain.
| | - Asunción Cao
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
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6
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Wang Q, Ma E, Wo D, Chen J, He J, Peng J, Zhu W, Ren DN. Huoxin pill prevents acute myocardial ischaemia injury via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:11053-11062. [PMID: 34786834 PMCID: PMC8650034 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and due to the widespread and irreversible damage caused, new therapeutic treatments are urgently needed in order to limit the degree of ischaemic damage following MI. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway often occurs during cardiovascular diseases including MI, which results in excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and further promotes myocardial dysfunction. Huoxin pill (HXP) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula that has been widely used in the treatment of coronary heart disease and angina; however, its mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we performed mouse models of MI and examined the effects and mechanisms of HXP in protecting against MI‐induced ischaemic damage. Our study showed that administration with HXP robustly protected against MI‐induced cardiac injuries, decreased infarct size and improved cardiac function. Moreover, HXP attenuated ischaemia‐induced DNA damage occurrence in vivo and H2O2‐induced DNA damage occurrence in vitro, via potent inhibition of adverse Wnt/β‑catenin signalling activation. Our study thus elucidated the role and mechanism of HXP in protecting against MI and oxidative stress‐induced injuries and suggests new therapeutic strategies in ischaemic heart disease via inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - En Ma
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of Ministry of Education, Research Institute of Heart Failure Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Wo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Jinxiao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Jia He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Dan-Ni Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatric, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
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7
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Cao M, Wang H, Li W, Jiang X, Wang X, Guo W, Gao P, Zou Y. Inverse Associations Between Circulating Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 2 (sFRP2) and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:723205. [PMID: 34722660 PMCID: PMC8551478 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.723205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) plays an important role in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); However, its relevance with cardiometabolic diseases remains to be elucidated. We aimed to determine the serum levels of sFRP2 in patients at different stages of heart failure (HF) with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and assess the correlation between circulating sFRP2 levels and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: In this study, serum samples from 277 patients visiting Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University were collected. These patients were clinically diagnosed and categorized as five groups, including the control group, pre-clinical HF group, pre-clinical HF+T2DM group, HF group and HF+T2DM group. Serum sFRP2 levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests and the clinical characteristics of each patient were recorded. Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were conducted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to screen risk factors for HF in patients with CVDs. Results: Serum sFRP2 levels were significantly lower in the HF+T2DM group compared with the other four groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that sFRP2 was negatively correlated with parameters including patients' age, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), cardiac troponin T (cTNT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), left atrial dimension (LAD) and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), and positively correlated with hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albumin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, in multiple regression analysis, significant associations with ln(sFRP2) were observed only in FPG, hs-CRP and LAD. Higher serum sFRP2 was significantly linked to lower odds of HF in patients with CVDs. Conclusion: sFRP2 progressively decreased when glucose homeostasis and cardiac function deteriorated. sFRP2 acted as a risk factor for HF in patients with CVDs, especially in those with concomitant T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Bioinformatics Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenshu Li
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Bioinformatics Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Bioinformatics Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Bioinformatics Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Clinical Bioinformatics Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Liu S, Tang L, Zhao X, Nguyen B, Heallen TR, Li M, Wang J, Wang J, Martin JF. Yap Promotes Noncanonical Wnt Signals From Cardiomyocytes for Heart Regeneration. Circ Res 2021; 129:782-797. [PMID: 34424032 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - Bao Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
| | - Todd R Heallen
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | | | - Jianxin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - James F Martin
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
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9
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Zhang H, Ji W, Li X, Feng Y, Wang J, Liu H, Bao J. Immunosuppression, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in pig kidney caused by ammonia: Application of transcriptome analysis in risk assessment of ammonia exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115675. [PMID: 34389318 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a recognized environmental contaminant around the world and has adverse effects on animal and human health. However, the mechanism of the renal toxicity of NH3 is not well understood. Pigs are considered an ideal model for biomedical and toxicological research because of the similarity to humans in physiological and biochemical basis. Therefore, in this study, twelve pigs were selected as research objects and randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group and the NH3 group. The formal experiment lasted 30 days. The effects of excessive NH3 inhalation on the kidney of fattening pig were evaluated by chemical analysis, ELISA, transcriptome analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) from the renal antioxidant level, renal function, blood ammonia content and gene level. Our results showed that excessive NH3 exposure could cause an increase in blood NH3 content, a reduction in renal GSH-Px, SOD and GSH, as well as an increase in MDA levels and an increase in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels. In addition, transcriptome analysis showed that NH3 exposure caused changes in 335 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (including 126 up-regulated DEGs and 109 down-regulated DEGs). Some highly expressed DEGs were enriched into GO terms associated with immune function, oxidative stress, and apoptosis and were verified by qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR results were comsistent with the transcriptome results. Our results indicated that NH3 exposure could cause changes in renal transcriptional profiles and kidney function, and induce kidney damage in the fattening pigs through oxidative stress, immune dysfunction and apoptosis. Our present study provides novel insights into the immunotoxicity mechanism of NH3 on kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wenbo Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yanru Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, PR China.
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10
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Ju S, Lim L, Wi K, Park C, Ki YJ, Choi DH, Song H. LRP5 Regulates HIF-1α Stability via Interaction with PHD2 in Ischemic Myocardium. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126581. [PMID: 34205318 PMCID: PMC8235097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) has been studied as a co-receptor for Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, its role in the ischemic myocardium is largely unknown. Here, we show that LRP5 may act as a negative regulator of ischemic heart injury via its interaction with prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), resulting in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) degradation. Overexpression of LRP5 in cardiomyocytes promoted hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death, whereas LRP5-silenced cardiomyocytes were protected from hypoxic insult. Gene expression analysis (mRNA-seq) demonstrated that overexpression of LRP5 limited the expression of HIF-1α target genes. LRP5 promoted HIF-1α degradation, as evidenced by the increased hydroxylation and shorter stability of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions through the interaction between LRP5 and PHD2. Moreover, the specific phosphorylation of LRP5 at T1492 and S1503 is responsible for enhancing the hydroxylation activity of PHD2, resulting in HIF-1α degradation, which is independent of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Importantly, direct myocardial delivery of adenoviral constructs, silencing LRP5 in vivo, significantly improved cardiac function in infarcted rat hearts, suggesting the potential value of LRP5 as a new target for ischemic injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (S.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Leejin Lim
- Cancer Mutation Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Kwanhwan Wi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (S.J.); (K.W.)
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| | - Young-Jae Ki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (D.-H.C.)
| | - Dong-Hyun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (Y.-J.K.); (D.-H.C.)
| | - Heesang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (S.J.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-6290
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11
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Castro-Piedras I, Sharma M, Brelsfoard J, Vartak D, Martinez EG, Rivera C, Molehin D, Bright RK, Fokar M, Guindon J, Pruitt K. Nuclear Dishevelled targets gene regulatory regions and promotes tumor growth. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e50600. [PMID: 33860601 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dishevelled (DVL) critically regulates Wnt signaling and contributes to a wide spectrum of diseases and is important in normal and pathophysiological settings. However, how it mediates diverse cellular functions remains poorly understood. Recent discoveries have revealed that constitutive Wnt pathway activation contributes to breast cancer malignancy, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown and very few studies have examined the nuclear role of DVL. Here, we have performed DVL3 ChIP-seq analyses and identify novel target genes bound by DVL3. We show that DVL3 depletion alters KMT2D binding to novel targets and changes their epigenetic marks and mRNA levels. We further demonstrate that DVL3 inhibition leads to decreased tumor growth in two different breast cancer models in vivo. Our data uncover new DVL3 functions through its regulation of multiple genes involved in developmental biology, antigen presentation, metabolism, chromatin remodeling, and tumorigenesis. Overall, our study provides unique insight into the function of nuclear DVL, which helps to define its role in mediating aberrant Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Castro-Piedras
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Monica Sharma
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Brelsfoard
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - David Vartak
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Edgar G Martinez
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rivera
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Molehin
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Robert K Bright
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed Fokar
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Josee Guindon
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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12
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Qian X, Wang T, Gong J, Wang L, Chen X, Lin H, Tu W, Jiang S, Li S. Exercise in mice ameliorates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering HMGCS2. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8960-8974. [PMID: 33647884 PMCID: PMC8034885 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease worldwide. Exercise is a therapeutic strategy for preventing NAFLD. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which NAFLD can be ameliorated through exercise are still not clear. This study investigates the mechanisms by which exercise suppresses NAFLD development induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. Male 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet or HFD for 12 weeks and then induced to swim or remain sedentary for 8 weeks. Histomorphology, inflammatory factors, fat metabolizing enzymes, fibrosis, and steatosis were determined in HFD-fed mouse liver, and levels of hepatic enzymes and molecules in the related pathways were analyzed. NAFLD mice showed evident steatosis, fibrosis, and liver injury, and an increased expression of HMGCS2, Wnt3a/ β-catenin, and phosphorylated (p)-AMPK in the liver. Exercise significantly attenuated these symptoms and downregulated the level of Wnt3a/β-catenin in lipotoxic liver tissue. Inhibition of HMGCS2 expression decreased the activation of the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway and lowered p-AMPK in palmitate-treated HepG2. Our results suggest that exercise prevents NAFLD-associated liver injury, steatosis, and fibrosis. Exercise-mediated hepatoprotection was achieved partly via the blocking of the upregulation of HMGCS2 and the attenuation of the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Qian
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiahong Gong
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuyan Chen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzhan Tu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songhe Jiang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengcun Li
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China.,Integrative and Optimized Medicine Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Hsueh YC, Hodgkinson CP, Gomez JA. The role of Sfrp and DKK proteins in cardiomyocyte development. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14678. [PMID: 33587322 PMCID: PMC7883806 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the role of Wnt proteins in cardiomyogenesis. More specifically, we focus on how the development of cardiomyocytes from precursor cells involves a complex interplay between Wnt canonical β-catenin signaling pathways and Wnt noncanonical signaling pathways involving PCP and JNK. We also describe recent literature which suggests that endogenous Wnt inhibitors such as the Sfrp and DKK proteins play important roles in regulating the cardiomyocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chang Hsueh
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Conrad P Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jose A Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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14
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He J, Jing J, Feng J, Han X, Yuan Y, Guo T, Pei F, Ma Y, Cho C, Ho TV, Chai Y. Lhx6 regulates canonical Wnt signaling to control the fate of mesenchymal progenitor cells during mouse molar root patterning. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009320. [PMID: 33596195 PMCID: PMC7920342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian tooth crown formation has long served as a model for investigating how patterning and morphogenesis are orchestrated during development. However, the mechanism underlying root patterning and morphogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we find that Lhx6 labels a subpopulation of root progenitor cells in the apical dental mesenchyme, which is closely associated with furcation development. Loss of Lhx6 leads to furcation and root number defects, indicating that Lhx6 is a key root patterning regulator. Among the multiple cellular events regulated by Lhx6 is the odontoblast fate commitment of progenitor cells, which it controls in a cell-autonomous manner. Specifically, Lhx6 loss leads to elevated expression of the Wnt antagonist Sfrp2 and down-regulation of Wnt signaling in the furcation region, while overactivation of Wnt signaling in Lhx6+ progenitor cells partially restore the furcation defects in Lhx6-/- mice. Collectively, our findings have important implications for understanding organ morphogenesis and future strategies for tooth root regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi He
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, Sichuan province, China
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xia Han
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Courtney Cho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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15
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Li Y, Du L, Cheng S, Guo J, Zhu S, Wang Y, Gao H. Hypoxia exacerbates cardiomyocyte injury via upregulation of Wnt3a and inhibition of Sirt3. Cytokine 2020; 136:155237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Xin L, Gao J, Lin H, Qu Y, Shang C, Wang Y, Lu Y, Cui X. Regulatory Mechanisms of Baicalin in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:583200. [PMID: 33224035 PMCID: PMC7667240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is the leading cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide, which emphasizes the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. In eastern countries, traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has been used clinically for thousands of years. Baicalin is one of the main active ingredients extracted from Chinese herbal medicine S. baicalensis. Emerging evidence has established that baicalin improves chronic inflammation, immune imbalance, disturbances in lipid metabolism, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Thereby it offers beneficial roles against the initiation and progression of CVDs such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and reperfusion, and heart failure. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological features and relevant mechanisms by which baicalin regulates CVDs in the hope to reveal its application for CVDs prevention and/or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiyun Xin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jialiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongchen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingdong Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangning Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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van Loon K, Huijbers EJM, Griffioen AW. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2: a key player in noncanonical Wnt signaling and tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 40:191-203. [PMID: 33140138 PMCID: PMC7897195 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP) are glycoproteins containing a so-called frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain. This domain enables them to bind to Wnt ligands or frizzled (FzD) receptors, making potent regulators of Wnt signaling. As Wnt signaling is often altered in cancer, it is not surprising that Wnt regulators such as SFRP proteins are often differentially expressed in the tumor microenvironment, both in a metastatic and non-metastatic setting. Indeed, SFRP2 is shown to be specifically upregulated in the tumor vasculature of several types of cancer. Several studies investigated the functional role of SFRP2 in the tumor vasculature, showing that SFRP2 binds to FzD receptors on the surface of tumor endothelial cells. This activates downstream Wnt signaling and which is, thereby, stimulating angiogenesis. Interestingly, not the well-known canonical Wnt signaling pathway, but the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway seems to be a key player in this event. In tumor models, the pro-angiogenic effect of SFRP2 could be counteracted by antibodies targeting SFRP2, without the occurrence of toxicity. Since tumor angiogenesis is an important process in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation, specific tumor endothelial markers such as SFRP2 show great promise as targets for anti-cancer therapies. This review discusses the role of SFRP2 in noncanonical Wnt signaling and tumor angiogenesis, and highlights its potential as anti-angiogenic therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn van Loon
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth J M Huijbers
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Phan QT, Liu R, Tan WH, Imangali N, Cheong B, Schartl M, Winkler C. Macrophages Switch to an Osteo-Modulatory Profile Upon RANKL Induction in a Medaka ( Oryzias latipes) Osteoporosis Model. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10409. [PMID: 33210062 PMCID: PMC7657398 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, osteoclasts differentiate from macrophages in the monocyte lineage. Although many factors driving osteoclast formation are known, the detailed processes underlying precursor recruitment, differentiation, and interaction of macrophages with other cell types involved in bone remodeling are poorly understood. Using live imaging in a transgenic medaka osteoporosis model, where ectopic osteoclasts are induced by RANKL expression, we show that a subset of macrophages is recruited to bone matrix to physically interact with bone-forming osteoblast progenitors. These macrophages subsequently differentiate into cathepsin K- (ctsk-) positive osteoclasts. One day later, other macrophages are recruited to clear dying osteoclasts from resorbed bone by phagocytosis. To better understand the molecular changes underlying these dynamic processes, we performed transcriptome profiling of activated macrophages upon RANKL induction. This revealed an upregulation of several bone-related transcripts. Besides osteoclast markers, we unexpectedly also found expression of osteoblast-promoting signals in activated macrophages, suggesting a possible non-cell autonomous role in osteogenesis. Finally, we show that macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts is dependent on inflammatory signals. Medaka deficient for TNFα or treated with the TNFα-inhibitor pentoxifylline exhibited impaired macrophage recruitment and osteoclast differentiation. These results show the involvement of inflammatory signals and the dynamics of a distinct subset of macrophages during osteoclast formation. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Tien Phan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Ranran Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Wen Hui Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nurgul Imangali
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Benedict Cheong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Manfred Schartl
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock CenterTexas State UniversitySan MarcosTexasUSA
| | - Christoph Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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19
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Reddy PC, Gungi A, Ubhe S, Galande S. Epigenomic landscape of enhancer elements during Hydra head organizer formation. Epigenetics Chromatin 2020; 13:43. [PMID: 33046126 PMCID: PMC7552563 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-020-00364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axis patterning during development is accompanied by large-scale gene expression changes. These are brought about by changes in the histone modifications leading to dynamic alterations in chromatin architecture. The cis regulatory DNA elements also play an important role towards modulating gene expression in a context-dependent manner. Hydra belongs to the phylum Cnidaria where the first asymmetry in the body plan was observed and the oral-aboral axis originated. Wnt signaling has been shown to determine the head organizer function in the basal metazoan Hydra. RESULTS To gain insights into the evolution of cis regulatory elements and associated chromatin signatures, we ectopically activated the Wnt signaling pathway in Hydra and monitored the genome-wide alterations in key histone modifications. Motif analysis of putative intergenic enhancer elements from Hydra revealed the conservation of bilaterian cis regulatory elements that play critical roles in development. Differentially regulated enhancer elements were identified upon ectopic activation of Wnt signaling and found to regulate many head organizer specific genes. Enhancer activity of many of the identified cis regulatory elements was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis upon activation of Wnt signaling further confirmed the enrichment of H3K27ac on the enhancer elements of Hv_Wnt5a, Hv_Wnt11 and head organizer genes Hv_Bra1, CnGsc and Hv_Pitx1. Additionally, perturbation of the putative H3K27me3 eraser activity using a specific inhibitor affected the ectopic activation of Wnt signaling indicating the importance of the dynamic changes in the H3K27 modifications towards regulation of the genes involved in the head organizer activity. CONCLUSIONS The activation-associated histone marks H3K4me3, H3K27ac and H3K9ac mark chromatin in a similar manner as seen in bilaterians. We identified intergenic cis regulatory elements which harbor sites for key transcription factors involved in developmental processes. Differentially regulated enhancers exhibited motifs for many zinc-finger, T-box and ETS related TFs whose homologs have a head specific expression in Hydra and could be a part of the pioneer TF network in the patterning of the head. The ability to differentially modify the H3K27 residue is critical for the patterning of Hydra axis revealing a dynamic acetylation/methylation switch to regulate gene expression and chromatin architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puli Chandramouli Reddy
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Akhila Gungi
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Suyog Ubhe
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Sanjeev Galande
- Centre of Excellence in Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
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20
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Abstract
Interleukin-15 is a pleotropic factor, capable of modulating metabolism, survival, proliferation, and differentiation in many different cell types. The rationale behind this study relates to previous work demonstrating that IL-15 is a major factor present in stem cell extracts, which protects cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxic stress in vitro. The objective of this current study was to assess whether administration of IL-15 peptide will also show protective effects in vivo. The data indicate that administration of IL-15 reduces cell death, increases vascularity, decreases scar size, and significantly improves left ventricular ejection fraction in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.
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Farhat S, Tanguy A, Pales Espinosa E, Guo X, Boutet I, Smolowitz R, Murphy D, Rivara GJ, Allam B. Identification of variants associated with hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, resistance to Quahog Parasite Unknown disease. Genomics 2020; 112:4887-4896. [PMID: 32890702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe losses in aquacultured and wild hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) stocks have been previously reported in the northeastern United States due to a protistan parasite called QPX (Quahog Parasite Unknown). Previous work demonstrated that clam resistance to QPX is under genetic control. This study identifies single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with clam survivorship from two geographically segregated populations, both deployed in an enzootic site. The analysis contrasted samples collected before and after undergoing QPX-related mortalities and relied on a robust draft clam genome assembly. ~200 genes displayed significant variant enrichment at each sampling point in both populations, including 18 genes shared between both populations. Markers from both populations were identified in genes related to apoptosis pathways, protein-protein interaction, receptors, and signaling. This research begins to identify genetic markers associated with clam resistance to QPX disease, leading the way for the development of resistant clam stocks through marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Farhat
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA
| | - Arnaud Tanguy
- Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA
| | - Ximing Guo
- Haskin Shellfish Research Laboratory, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 6959 Miller Avenue, Port Norris, NJ 08349, USA
| | - Isabelle Boutet
- Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Place Georges Teissier, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Roxanna Smolowitz
- Roger Williams University, Department of Biology, Marine Biology, and Environmental Science, 1 Old Ferry Rd, Bristol, RI 02809, USA
| | - Diane Murphy
- Cape Cod Cooperative Extension, 3195 Main St, Barnstable, MA 02630, NY 1197, USA
| | - Gregg J Rivara
- Cornell University Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County, 3690 Cedar Beach Rd, Southold, NY 11971, USA
| | - Bassem Allam
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA.
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22
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Wei WY, Zhao Q, Zhang WZ, Wang MJ, Li Y, Wang SZ, Zhang N. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 prevents pressure-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 472:241-251. [PMID: 32632611 PMCID: PMC7338134 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) has been reported to be involved in cardiovascular diseases. However, its role in cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload is still elusive. We aimed to examine the role of sFRP2 in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Following cardiac hypertrophy stimulated by aortic banding (AB), the expression of sFRP2 was downregulated in the hypertrophic ventricle. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) was injected through the tail vein to overexpress sFRP2 in the mouse myocardium. Overexpression of sFRP2 alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, as identified by the reduced cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, heart weight/body weight ratio, and left ventricular (LV) collagen ratio. Additionally, sFRP2 decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by pressure overload. Western blot showed that sFRP2 prevented the expression of active β-catenin. The Wnt/β-catenin agonist LiCl (1 mmol/kg) abolished the inhibitory effects of sFRP2 on cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased cross-sectional area and LV collagen ratio and the deterioration of echocardiographic data. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that decreased sFRP2 levels were observed in failing mouse hearts. Overexpression of sFRP2 attenuated myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis induced by hypertrophic stimuli by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. We revealed that sFRP2 may be a promising therapeutic target for the development of cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Wei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Jing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, People's Republic of China.
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Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 and Extracellular Volume Fraction in Patients with Heart Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2563508. [PMID: 32454934 PMCID: PMC7229555 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2563508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Quantification of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to assess myocardial fibrosis. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) appears to play an important role in cardiac fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the association between SFRP2 and myocardial fibrosis and the prognostic value of ECV fraction in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 72 hospitalized adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with severe decompensated HF were included. CMR measurements and T1 mapping were performed to calculate ECV fraction. Serum SFRP2 level was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. All patients were followed up, and the primary outcomes were composite events including all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization. Results During the median follow-up of 12 months, 27 (37.5%) patients experienced primary outcome events and had higher levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), SFRP2, and ECV fraction compared with those without events. In Pearson correlation analysis, levels of SFRP2 (r = 0.33), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r = 0.31), and hemoglobin A1c (r = 0.29) were associated with ECV fraction (all P < 0.05); however, in multivariate linear regression analysis, SFRP2 was the only significant factor determined for ECV fraction (rpartial = 0.33, P = 0.02). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (each 10 years, hazard ratio (HR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.22), ECV fraction (per doubling, HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.03–2.74), and NT-proBNP (per doubling, HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.05–5.76) were independent risk factors for primary outcomes. Conclusions Higher ECV fraction is associated with worsened prognosis in HF. SFRP2 is an independent biomarker for myocardial fibrosis. Further studies are needed to explore the potential therapeutic value of SFRP2 in myocardial fibrosis.
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Sadatpoor SO, Salehi Z, Rahban D, Salimi A. Manipulated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:24-45. [PMID: 32114741 PMCID: PMC7119211 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that have multilinear differentiation and self-renewal abilities. These cells are immune-privileged as they express no or low level of class-II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) and other costimulatory molecules. Having neuroprotective and regenerative properties, MSCs can be used to ameliorate several intractable neurodegenerative disorders by affecting both innate and adaptive immune systems. Several manipulations like pretreating MSCs with different conditions or agents, and using molecules derived from MSCs or genetically manipulating them, are the common and practical ways that can be used to strengthen MSCs survival and potency. Improved MSCs can have significantly enhanced impacts on diseases compared to MSCs not manipulated. In this review, we describe some of the most important manipulations that have been exerted on MSCs to improve their therapeutic functions and their applications in ameliorating three prevalent neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed omid Sadatpoor
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dariush Rahban
- Department of Nanomedicine, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huang A, Huang Y. Role of Sfrps in cardiovascular disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320901990. [PMID: 32064070 PMCID: PMC6987486 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320901990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related proteins (Sfrps) are a family of secreted proteins that
bind extracellularly to Wnt ligands and frizzled receptors. This binding
modulates the Wnt signaling cascade, and Sfrps interact with their corresponding
receptors. Sfrps are thought to play an important role in the pathological
mechanism of cardiac disease such as myocardial infarction, cardiac remodeling,
and heart failure. However, the overall role of Sfrps in cardiac disease is
unknown. Some members of the Sfrps family modulate cellular apoptosis,
angiogenesis, differentiation, the inflammatory process, and cardiac remodeling.
In this review, we summarize the evidence of Sfrps association with cardiac
disease. We also discuss how multiple mechanisms may underlie Sfrps being
involved in such diverse pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China The George Institute for Global Health, NSW 2042, Australia
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26
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Lin M, Liu X, Zheng H, Huang X, Wu Y, Huang A, Zhu H, Hu Y, Mai W, Huang Y. IGF-1 enhances BMSC viability, migration, and anti-apoptosis in myocardial infarction via secreted frizzled-related protein 2 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:22. [PMID: 31918758 PMCID: PMC6953226 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease. However, its effects are hampered by the poor viability of transplanted cells and the hostile microenvironment of the ischemic region. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an important paracrine growth factor of BMSC and plays an important role in the properties of BMSC. Here, we investigated whether overexpressing IGF-1 could enhance the BMSC viability, migration, anti-apoptosis, and protective effects of cardiomyocytes, and explore the underlying mechanisms’ focus on the role of the AKT/secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2)/β-catenin pathway. Methods We constructed BMSCs overexpressing insulin-like growth factor-1 (BMSCs-IGF-1) or empty vector (BMSCs-NC) using lentivirus, and evaluated cell survival, proliferation, and migration under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Co-culture of rat cardiomyoblasts with BMSCs was performed to explore the paracrine effect of BMSCs-IGF-1 for rescuing cardiomyoblasts under hypoxia. Transplantation of BMSCs in acute myocardial infarction rats was used to explore the effect of BMSCs-IGF-1 therapy. Results BMSCs-IGF-1 exhibited a higher cell proliferation rate, migration capacity, and stemness, and were more resistant to apoptosis under hypoxia. Overexpression of IGF-1 upregulated the expression of total and nuclear β-catenin via the AKT-secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) pathway, which enhanced cell survival. Inhibition of AKT or SFRP2 knockdown by siRNA significantly antagonized the effect of IGF-1 and decreased the expression of β-catenin. The expression of β-catenin target genes, including cyclin D1 and c-Myc, were accordingly decreased. Moreover, BMSCs-IGF-1 could rescue cardiomyoblasts from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and preserve cell viability under hypoxia. Transplantation of BMSCs-IGF-1 into myocardial infarction rats greatly reduced infarct volume than BMSCs-NC, with significantly greater expression of SFRP2 and β-catenin. Conclusions These results suggest that in BMSCs overexpressing IGF-1, SFRP2 is an important mediator for the enhancement of stem cell viability via activating, rather than antagonizing, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Mai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (the first people's hospital of Shunde), Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, 528300, People's Republic of China. .,The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia.
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27
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Shi J, Ma H, Wang H, Zhu W, Jiang S, Dou R, Yan B. Overexpression of LINC00261 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cells progression by interacting with miR-522-3p and suppressing Wnt signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18378-18387. [PMID: 31190356 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA LINC00261 has been experimentally validated to function as a tumor suppressor in several cancers, but its pathological role and functional mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are largely unclear. In this study, LINC00261 was delineated in NSCLC to be significantly downregulated in cancer tissues compared with corresponding adjacent normal tissues. Low expression of LINC00261 predicted worse survival for patients with NSCLC. Overexpression of LINC00261 in NSCLC cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, meanwhile promoted apoptosis. Subcellular fractionation assay showed that LINC00261 existed mainly in the cytoplasm of NSCLC A549 cells and luciferase assay validated its direct interaction with miR-522-3p. Overexpression of miR-522-3p significantly ameliorated suppressive effects of LINC00261 on proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells. Besides, miR-522-3p was found to be able to directly combine with the 3'-untranslated region of SFRP2, which was generally regarded as a suppressor of Wnt signaling. Further quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot experiments showed that LINC00261 upregulation potentiated the expression of SFRP2 and inhibited Wnt signaling pathway, which could both be reversely modulated by miR-522-3p. Taken together, our study demonstrated that LINC00261 suppressed NSCLC cells progression via sponging miR-522-3p and inhibiting Wnt signaling. These results supported us to better understand the pathogenic mechanism of NSCLC and revealed a potential molecular target for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Shi
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaixi Wang
- Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuting Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Dou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Fan X, Yang W, Yu B, Kou J, Li F. Captopril attenuates TAC-induced heart failure via inhibiting Wnt3a/β-catenin and Jak2/Stat3 pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108780. [PMID: 30889487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Captopril (Cap) as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) is commonly used to treat hypertension and some types of congestive heart failure. However, few studies reported on whether Cap exerts a protective effect on myocardial apoptosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). This study aimed at investigating the possible mechanism of Cap on myocardial apoptosis induced by pressure overload. Results showed that Cap significantly decreased heart-to-body weight ratios (HBWR). Cap markedly improved cardiac function, and reduced inner diameter of ascending aorta (Asc Ao) in TAC mice as shown by echocardiography. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results demonstrated that Cap treatment also markedly decreased the level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Cardiac pathological changes and fibrosis have been improved after Cap treatment as shown by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining. Moreover, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dexoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining result indicated Cap treatment also significantly inhibited cardiac apoptosis. Western Blot results showed that Cap obviously decreased the expression of cleaved capase-3, Bax, phosphorylated Jak2 (p-Jak2), phosphorylated Stat3 (p-Stat3), Wnt3a and β-catenin proteins, as well as increased Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, Cap showed a protective effect on TAC-induced cardiac apoptosis, which could be attributed to the inhibition of Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cap also attenuated myocardial hypertrophy induced by TAC via suppression of Jak2/Stat3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhou J, Yi Z, Fu Q. Dynamic decreased expression and hypermethylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 and 4 over the course of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Life Sci 2019; 218:241-252. [PMID: 30586565 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aberrantly activated Wnt signaling pathway and dysregulation of extracellular antagonists of Wnt signaling have been revealed in pulmonary fibrosis. In this study we evaluated the expression of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) and their aberrant promoter methylation to investigate the involvement of epigenetic regulation in pulmonary fibrosis. The pulmonary fibrosis induced by intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM) into mice was adopted. The transcription and relative protein expression of SFRPs were detected at Day 7 (D7), D14, and D21. DNA methylation analysis was performed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). A DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine; 5-aza) was used for demethylation and the relative β-catenin expression levels were measured to assess overactivity of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The transcription and protein expression of SFRP1 significantly decreased at D14 and D21, whereas the transcription and protein expression of SFRP4 significantly decreased at D7 and stayed downregulated until D21. The significantly hypermethylated promoters of SFRP1 and SFRP4 resulted in impaired transcription and decreased expression during pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Besides, reactivation of SFRP1 and SFRP4 by 5-aza reduced β-catenin mRNA and protein expression in vivo and in vitro. Animal experiments confirmed that 5-aza could significantly alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Thus, changes of promoter hypermethylation might downregulate SFRP1 and SFRP4 at different stages of pulmonary fibrosis, and the finding supports the usefulness of DNMT inhibitors, which might effectively reverse activation of β-catenin and reduce pulmonary fibrosis in mice. These data provide a possible new direction in the research on pulmonary fibrosis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China
| | - Zheng Yi
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, HengYang 421001, PR China
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Loss of Sfrp2 contributes to the neurological disorders related with morphine withdrawal via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Behav Brain Res 2019; 359:609-618. [PMID: 30291843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Morphine administration is a medical problem characterized by compulsive opioid use that causes terrible negative consequences. The exact mechanisms of morphine-induced dependence and morphine withdrawal symptoms remain unclear. Recent studies have revealed that the upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles in morphine exposure and morphine withdrawal. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (Sfrp2) can prevent the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by competing with the Frizzled receptor for Wnt ligands. We conducted this study aimed to evaluate the effect of iatrogenic trauma induced by stereotactic surgery and the protective effect of stereotaxic Sfrp2 injection on morphine withdrawal symptoms in Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Many techniques including western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation were used. Anxiety-related behaviors, morphine withdrawal syndrome, and dendritic spines were also examined in male SD rats after morphine treatment and stereotaxic injection of Sfrp2. Western blot results suggested that Wnt signaling was activated in the nucleus accumbens of SD rats suffering from morphine withdrawal and that Sfrp2 attenuated the overexpression of Wnt signaling. Similarly, the withdrawal-like symptoms of morphine dependent rats were abrogated by intracerebral Sfrp2 injection. The iatrogenic trauma induced by stereotactic surgery showed no influence on the Wnt signaling and withdrawal-like symptoms. Moreover, the results of Golgi-cox staining and DiI staining indicated that the damage on proximal spine density caused by morphine treatment was restored by intracerebral Sfrp2 injection. Together, the data presented here indicated that Sfrp2 abrogated the neurological disorders and loss of proximal spine related with morphine withdrawal via Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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31
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Samal R, Sappa PK, Gesell Salazar M, Wenzel K, Reinke Y, Völker U, Felix SB, Hammer E, Könemann S. Global secretome analysis of resident cardiac progenitor cells from wild-type and transgenic heart failure mice: Why ambience matters. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10111-10122. [PMID: 30575044 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Resident cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have gained attention in cardiac regenerative medicine primarily due to their paracrine activity. In our current study we determined the role of pathological conditions such as heart failure on the autocrine-paracrine action of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) expressing CPC. This comparative secretome profiling of Sca-1+ cells derived from transgenic heart failure (αMHC-cyclin-T1/Gαq overexpression [Cyc] cells) versus healthy (wild-type [Wt] cells) mice, achieved via mass-spectrometric quantification, enabled the identification of over 700 proteins. Our results demonstrate that the heart failure milieu caused a 2-fold enrichment of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) like biglycan, versican, collagen XII, and angiogenic factors like heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in the secretome. We further elucidated the direct influence of the secretome on the functional behavior of Sca-1 + cells via in vitro tube forming assay. Secreted factors present in the diseased milieu induced tube formation in Cyc cells (1.7-fold; p < 0.01) when compared with Wt cells after 24 hr of exposure. The presence of conditioned media moderately increased the proliferation of Cyc cells but had a more pronounced effect on Wt cells. Overall, these findings revealed global modifications in the secretory activity of adult Sca-1 + cells in the heart failure milieu. The secretion of ECM proteins and angiogenic factors, which are crucial for cardiac remodeling and recovery, was notably enriched in the supernatant of Cyc cells. Thus, during heart failure the microenvironment of Sca-1 + cells might favor angiogenesis and proliferation suggesting their potential to recover the damaged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmita Samal
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Praveen Kumar Sappa
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Internal Medicine C, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kristin Wenzel
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reinke
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Burkhard Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Könemann
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
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32
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, Agliano A, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Wnt signaling reprograms metabolism in dental pulp stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13068-13082. [PMID: 30549037 PMCID: PMC6519273 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can differentiate to a wide range of different cell lineages, and share some gene expression and functional similarities with pluripotent stem cells. The stemness of DPSCs can also be pharmacologically enhanced by the activation of canonical Wnt signaling. Here, we examined the metabolic profile of DPSCs during reprogramming linked to Wnt activation, by a short (48 hr) exposure to either the GSK3‐β inhibitor BIO (6‐bromoindirubin‐3´‐oxine) or human recombinant protein WNT‐3A. Both treatments largely increased glucose consumption, and induced a gene overexpression of pyruvate and mitochondrial acetyl‐coA producing enzymes, thus activating mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) metabolism in DPSCs. This ultimately led to an accumulation of reducing power and a mitochondrial hyperpolarization in DPSCs. Interestingly, Nile Red staining showed that lipid fuel reserves were being stored in Wnt‐activated DPSCs. We associate this metabolic reprogramming with an energy‐priming state allowing DPSCs to better respond to subsequent high demands of energy and biosynthesis metabolites for cellular growth. These results show that enhancement of the stemness of DPSCs by Wnt activation comes along with a profound metabolic remodeling, which is distinctly characterized by a crucial participation of mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronica Uribe-Etxebarria
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, Leioa, Spain
| | - Alice Agliano
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Unda
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, Leioa, Spain
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33
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Multipoint targeting of TGF-β/Wnt transactivation circuit with microRNA 384-5p for cardiac fibrosis. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:1107-1123. [PMID: 30206318 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common precursor to ventricular dysfunction and eventual heart failure, and cardiac fibrosis begins with cardiac fibroblast activation. Here we have demonstrated that the TGF-β signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway formed a transactivation circuit during cardiac fibroblast activation and that miR-384-5p is a key regulator of the transactivation circuit. The results of in vitro study indicated that TGF-β activated an auto-positive feedback loop by increasing Wnt production in cardiac fibroblasts, and Wnt neutralizing antibodies disrupted the feedback loop. Also, we demonstrated that miR-384-5p simultaneously targeted the key receptors of the TGF-β/Wnt transactivation circuit and significantly attenuated both TGF-β-induced cardiac fibroblast activation and ischemia-reperfusion-induced cardiac fibrosis. In addition, small molecule that prevented pro-fibrogenic stimulus-induced downregulation of endogenous miR-384-5p significantly suppressed cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis. In conclusion, modulating a key endogenous miRNA targeting multiple components of the TGF-β/Wnt transactivation circuit can be an effective means to control cardiac fibrosis and has great therapeutic potential.
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34
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Merino H, Singla DK. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-2 Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis Mediated through the Akt-mTOR Pathway in Soleus Muscle. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6043064. [PMID: 30151071 PMCID: PMC6093014 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6043064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug known for its dose-dependent and serious adverse effects, such as cardiotoxicity and myotoxicity. Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) and muscle toxicity (DIMT) have been studied; however, the mechanisms of Dox-induced apoptosis in soleus muscle are not well defined. Our data shows that with Dox treatment, there is a significant increase in oxidative stress, apoptosis, proapoptotic protein BAX, pPTEN levels, and wnt3a and β-catenin activity (p < 0.05). Moreover, Dox treatment also resulted in decreased antioxidant levels, antiapoptotic BCL2, pAKT, p-mTOR, and endogenous levels of sFRP2 in the soleus muscle tissue (p < 0.05). Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) treatment attenuated the adverse effects of DIMT and apoptosis in the soleus muscle, evidenced by a decrease in oxidative stress, apoptosis, BAX, pPTEN, and wnt3a and β-catenin activity, as well as an increase in antioxidants, BCL2, pAKT, p-MTOR, and sFRP2 levels (p < 0.05). This data suggests that Dox-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis is mediated through both the Akt-mTOR and wnt/β-catenin pathways. Moreover, the data also shows that sFRP2 modulates these two pathways by increasing signaling of Akt-mTOR and decreased signaling of the wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, our data suggests that sFRP2 has valuable therapeutic potential in reversing Dox-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in soleus muscle mediated through the Akt-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Merino
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Dinender K. Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Abstract
Wnt signaling is important for breast development and remodeling during pregnancy and lactation. Epigenetic modifications change expression levels of components of the Wnt pathway, underlying oncogenic transformation. However, no clear Wnt component increasing expression universally across breast cancer (BC) or its most Wnt-dependent triple-negative BC (TNBC) subgroup has been identified, delaying development of targeted therapies. Here we perform network correlation analysis of expression of >100 Wnt pathway components in hundreds of healthy and cancerous breast tissues. Varying in expression levels among people, Wnt components remarkably coordinate their production; this coordination is dramatically decreased in BC. Clusters with coordinated gene expression exist within the healthy cohort, highlighting Wnt signaling subtypes. Different BC subgroups are identified, characterized by different remaining Wnt signaling signatures, providing the rational for patient stratification for personalizing the therapeutic applications. Key pairwise interactions within the Wnt pathway (some inherited and some established de novo) emerge as targets for future drug discovery against BC.
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36
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Vincent KM, Postovit LM. Matricellular proteins in cancer: a focus on secreted Frizzled-related proteins. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:103-112. [PMID: 28589318 PMCID: PMC5842174 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours are complex entities, wherein cancer cells interact with myriad soluble, insoluble and cell associated factors. These microenvironmental mediators regulate tumour growth, progression and metastasis, and are produced by cancer cells and by stromal components such as fibroblast, adipocytes and immune cells. Through their ability to bind to extracellular matrix proteins, cell surface receptors and growth factors, matricellular proteins enable a dynamic reciprocity between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Hence, matricellular proteins play a critical role in tumour progression by regulating where and when cancer cells are exposed to key growth factors and regulatory proteins. Recent studies suggest that, in addition to altering Wingless (Wnt) signalling, certain members of the Secreted Frizzled Related Protein (sFRP) family are matricellular in nature. In this review, we outline the importance of matricellular proteins in cancer, and discuss how sFRPs may function to both inhibit and promote cancer progression in a context-dependent manner. By considering the matricellular functionality of sFRPs, we may better understand their apparently paradoxical roles in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Marie Vincent
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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37
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Qiu L, Chen J, Lin J, Wo D, Chu J, Peng J. Baicalin alleviates H2O2-induced injury of H9c2 cardiomyocytes through suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9251-9255. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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38
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Jin L, Cao Y, Yu G, Wang J, Lin X, Ge L, Du J, Wang L, Diao S, Lian X, Wang S, Dong R, Shan Z. SFRP2 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of apical papilla stem cells by antagonizing the canonical WNT pathway. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:14. [PMID: 28794794 PMCID: PMC5547503 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying directed differentiation is helpful in the development of clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Our previous study on dental tissue-derived MSCs demonstrated that secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), a Wnt inhibitor, could enhance osteogenic differentiation in stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs). However, how SFRP2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of dental tissue-derived MSCs remains unclear. In this study, we used SCAPs to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods SCAPs were isolated from the apical papilla of immature third molars. Western blot and real-time RT-PCR were applied to detect the expression of β-catenin and Wnt target genes. Alizarin Red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, transwell cultures and in vivo transplantation experiments were used to study the osteogenic differentiation potential of SCAPs. Results SFRP2 inhibited canonical Wnt signaling by enhancing phosphorylation and decreasing the expression of nuclear β-catenin in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway, AXIN2 (axin-related protein 2) and MMP7 (matrix metalloproteinase-7), were downregulated by SFRP2. WNT1 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation potential of SCAPs. SFRP2 could rescue this WNT1-impaired osteogenic differentiation potential. Conclusions The results suggest that SFRP2 could bind to locally present Wnt ligands and alter the balance of intracellular Wnt signaling to antagonize the canonical Wnt pathway in SCAPs. This elucidates the molecular mechanism underlying the SFRP2-mediated directed differentiation of SCAPs and indicates potential target genes for improving dental tissue regeneration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11658-017-0044-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Yu Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Guoxia Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.56 Nanlishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, No. 10 Xitoutiao Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Liping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Shu Diao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Xiaomeng Lian
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045 China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, No. 10 Xitoutiao Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Rui Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Zhaochen Shan
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
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Lee CY, Kuo WW, Baskaran R, Day CH, Pai PY, Lai CH, Chen YF, Chen RJ, Padma VV, Huang CY. Increased β-catenin accumulation and nuclear translocation are associated with concentric hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Pathol 2017; 31:9-16. [PMID: 28802159 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective Wnt/β-Catenin signaling, activated under various pathological conditions, can result in cardiac and vascular abnormalities. In the present study, the possible role of β-catenin over expression during cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. Ten samples from hearts of human patients with acute infarction, and granulation tissue from 20 patients and 10 from normal ones were collected in order to investigate roles of β-catenin in cardiac hypertrophy. H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells and Wistar rat primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were overexpressed with β-catenin. Expression levels of β-catenin protein were increased in human acute infarction tissues and rat hypertension heart tissues. Overexpression of this transcription factor induced actin filament formation and increased hypertrophic marker protein levels via MAPK pathway. In addition, β-catenin overexpression also resulted in increased elevation of NFATc3 and p-GATA4. Therefore, acute infarction resulted in β-catenin overexpression mediated hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes regulated through MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chao Hung Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung 41152, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung 41152, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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40
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Huan YW, Bengtsson RJ, MacIntyre N, Guthrie J, Finlayson H, Smith SH, Archibald AL, Ait-Ali T. Lawsonia intracellularis exploits β-catenin/Wnt and Notch signalling pathways during infection of intestinal crypt to alter cell homeostasis and promote cell proliferation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173782. [PMID: 28323899 PMCID: PMC5360247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lawsonia intracellularis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes proliferative enteropathy (PE) in pigs. L. intracellularis infection causes extensive intestinal crypt cell proliferation and inhibits secretory and absorptive cell differentiation. However, the affected host upstream cellular pathways leading to PE are still unknown. β-catenin/Wnt signalling is essential in maintaining intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and self-renewal capacity, while Notch signalling governs differentiation of secretory and absorptive lineage specification. Therefore, in this report we used immunofluorescence (IF) and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RTqPCR) to examine β-catenin/Wnt and Notch-1 signalling levels in uninfected and L. intracellularis infected pig ileums at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post challenge (dpc). We found that while the significant increase in Ki67+ nuclei in crypts at the peak of L. intracellularis infection suggested enhanced cell proliferation, the expression of c-MYC and ASCL2, promoters of cell growth and ISC proliferation respectively, was down-regulated. Peak infection also coincided with enhanced cytosolic and membrane-associated β-catenin staining and induction of AXIN2 and SOX9 transcripts, both encoding negative regulators of β-catenin/Wnt signalling and suggesting a potential alteration to β-catenin/Wnt signalling levels, with differential regulation of the expression of its target genes. We found that induction of HES1 and OLFM4 and the down-regulation of ATOH1 transcript levels was consistent with the increased Notch-1 signalling in crypts at the peak of infection. Interestingly, the significant down-regulation of ATOH1 transcript levels coincided with the depletion of MUC2 expression at 14 dpc, consistent with the role of ATOH1 in promoting goblet cell maturation. The lack of significant change to LGR5 transcript levels at the peak of infection suggested that the crypt hyperplasia was not due to the expansion of ISC population. Overall, simultaneous induction of Notch-1 signalling and the attenuation of β-catenin/Wnt pathway appear to be associated with the inhibition of goblet cell maturation and enhanced crypt cell proliferation at the peak of L. intracellularis infection. Moreover, the apparent differential regulation of apoptosis between crypt and lumen cells together with the strong induction of Notch-1 signalling and the enhanced SOX9 expression along crypts 14 dpc suggest an expansion of actively dividing transit amplifying and/or absorptive progenitor cells and provide a potential basis for understanding the development and maintenance of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang W. Huan
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J. Bengtsson
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Neil MacIntyre
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Guthrie
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Finlayson
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Sionagh H. Smith
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Alan L. Archibald
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Tahar Ait-Ali
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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41
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Wo D, Peng J, Ren DN, Qiu L, Chen J, Zhu Y, Yan Y, Yan H, Wu J, Ma E, Zhong TP, Chen Y, Liu Z, Liu S, Ao L, Liu Z, Jiang C, Peng J, Zou Y, Qian Q, Zhu W. Opposing Roles of Wnt Inhibitors IGFBP-4 and Dkk1 in Cardiac Ischemia by Differential Targeting of LRP5/6 and β-catenin. Circulation 2016; 134:1991-2007. [PMID: 27803037 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.024441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, triggering irreversible myocardial cell damage and heart failure. The role of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP5/6) as coreceptors of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the adult heart remain unknown. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 and dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dkk1) are 2 secreted LRP5/6 binding proteins that play a crucial role in heart development through preventing Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. However, their roles in the adult heart remain unexplored.
Methods:
To understand the role of LRP5/6 and β-catenin in the adult heart, we constructed conditional cardiomyocyte-specific LRP5/6 and β-catenin knockout mice and induced surgical myocardial infarction. We also directly injected recombinant proteins of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 and Dkk1 into the heart immediately following myocardial infarction to further examine the mechanisms through which these proteins regulate LRP5/6 and β-catenin.
Results:
Deletion of LRP5/6 promoted cardiac ischemic insults. Conversely, deficiency of β-catenin, a downstream target of LRP5/6, was beneficial in ischemic injury. It is interesting to note that although both insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 and Dkk1 are secreted Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 protected the ischemic heart by inhibiting β-catenin, whereas Dkk1 enhanced the injury response mainly through inducing LRP5/6 endocytosis and degradation.
Conclusions:
Our findings reveal previously unidentified dual roles of LRP5/6 involved in the cardiomyocyte response to ischemic injury. These findings suggest new therapeutic strategies in ischemic heart disease by fine-tuning LRP5/6 and β-catenin signaling within the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wo
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Jinhui Peng
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Dan-ni Ren
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Liman Qiu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Jinxiao Chen
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Ye Zhu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Yingjing Yan
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Hongwei Yan
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Jian Wu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - En Ma
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Tao P. Zhong
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Yihan Chen
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Luoquan Ao
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Zhenping Liu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Jun Peng
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Qirong Qian
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
| | - Weidong Zhu
- From Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (D.W., Jinhui Peng, D.-n.R., J.C., Y. Zhu, Y.Y., H.Y., E.M., Y.C., Zhongmin Liu, S.L., L.A., W.Z.); Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (Jinhui Peng, Q.Q.); Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (L.Q., Jun Peng); Shanghai Key Laboratory
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Ruiz P, Martin-Millan M, Gonzalez-Martin MC, Almeida M, González-Macias J, Ros MA. CathepsinKCre mediated deletion of βcatenin results in dramatic loss of bone mass by targeting both osteoclasts and osteoblastic cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36201. [PMID: 27804995 PMCID: PMC5090355 DOI: 10.1038/srep36201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that activation of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in the osteoblast lineage leads to an increase in bone mass through a dual mechanism: increased osteoblastogenesis and decreased osteoclastogenesis. However, the effect of this pathway on the osteoclast lineage has been less explored. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in mature osteoclasts by generating mice lacking βcatenin in CathepsinK-expressing cells (Ctnnb1f/f;CtsKCre mice). These mice developed a severe low-bone-mass phenotype with onset in the second month and in correlation with an excessive number of osteoclasts, detected by TRAP staining and histomorphometric quantification. We found that WNT3A, through the canonical pathway, promoted osteoclast apoptosis and therefore attenuated the number of M-CSF and RANKL-derived osteoclasts in vitro. This reveals a cell-autonomous effect of Wnt/βcatenin signaling in controlling the life span of mature osteoclasts. Furthermore, bone Opg expression in Ctnnb1f/f;CtsKCre mice was dramatically decreased pointing to an additional external activation of osteoclasts. Accordingly, expression of CathepsinK was detected in TRAP-negative cells of the inner periosteal layer also expressing Col1. Our results indicate that the bone phenotype of Ctnnb1f/f;CtsKCre animals combines a cell-autonomous effect in the mature osteoclast with indirect effects due to the additional targeting of osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n. 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Marta Martin-Millan
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n. 39011 Santander, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, HUMV, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avenida de Valdecilla s/n, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - M C Gonzalez-Martin
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC-SODERCAN-Universidad de Cantabria). Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Maria Almeida
- Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jesús González-Macias
- Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n. 39011 Santander, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, HUMV, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avenida de Valdecilla s/n, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Cantabria, Cardenal Herrera Oria, s/n. 39011 Santander, Spain.,Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Envejecimiento y Fragilidad (RETICEF), Avenida de Valdecilla, s/n. Santander 39008, Spain
| | - Maria A Ros
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC-SODERCAN-Universidad de Cantabria). Albert Einstein 22, 39011 Santander, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Cardenal Herrera Oria, s/n. 39011 Santander, Spain
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43
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Bastakoty D, Young PP. Wnt/β-catenin pathway in tissue injury: roles in pathology and therapeutic opportunities for regeneration. FASEB J 2016; 30:3271-3284. [PMID: 27335371 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600502r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is an evolutionarily conserved set of signals with critical roles in embryonic and neonatal development across species. In mammals the pathway is quiescent in many organs. It is reactivated in response to injury and is reported to play complex and contrasting roles in promoting regeneration and fibrosis. We review the current understanding of the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in injury of various mammalian organs and discuss the current advances and potential of Wnt inhibitory therapeutics toward promoting tissue regeneration and reducing fibrosis.-Bastakoty, D., Young, P. P. Wnt/β-catenin pathway in tissue injury: roles in pathology and therapeutic opportunities for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikshya Bastakoty
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and
| | - Pampee P Young
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; and Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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44
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Hodgkinson CP, Bareja A, Gomez JA, Dzau VJ. Emerging Concepts in Paracrine Mechanisms in Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine and Biology. Circ Res 2016; 118:95-107. [PMID: 26837742 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.305373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, substantial evidence supports the paradigm that stem cells exert their reparative and regenerative effects, in large part, through the release of biologically active molecules acting in a paracrine fashion on resident cells. The data suggest the existence of a tissue microenvironment where stem cell factors influence cell survival, inflammation, angiogenesis, repair, and regeneration in a temporal and spatial manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad P Hodgkinson
- From the Department of Medicine, Mandel Center for Hypertension Research and Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Akshay Bareja
- From the Department of Medicine, Mandel Center for Hypertension Research and Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - José A Gomez
- From the Department of Medicine, Mandel Center for Hypertension Research and Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Victor J Dzau
- From the Department of Medicine, Mandel Center for Hypertension Research and Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
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45
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Dewey CM, Spitler KM, Ponce JM, Hall DD, Grueter CE. Cardiac-Secreted Factors as Peripheral Metabolic Regulators and Potential Disease Biomarkers. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e003101. [PMID: 27247337 PMCID: PMC4937259 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.003101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Dewey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Kathryn M Spitler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Jessica M Ponce
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Duane D Hall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Chad E Grueter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and François M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Papajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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46
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Bastakoty D, Saraswati S, Joshi P, Atkinson J, Feoktistov I, Liu J, Harris JL, Young PP. Temporary, Systemic Inhibition of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway promotes Regenerative Cardiac Repair following Myocardial Infarct. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2. [PMID: 28042617 DOI: 10.16966/2472-6990.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The WNT/β-catenin pathway is temporarily activated in the heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Despite data from genetic models indicating both positive and negative roles for the WNT pathway depending on the model used, the effect of therapeutic inhibition of WNT pathway on post-injury outcome and the cellular mediators involved are not completely understood. Using a newly available, small molecule, GNF-6231, which averts WNT pathway activation by blocking secretion of all WNT ligands, we sought to investigate whether therapeutic inhibition of the WNT pathway temporarily after infarct can mitigate post injury cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis and the cellular mechanisms responsible for the effects. METHODS AND RESULTS Pharmacologic inhibition of the WNT pathway by post-MI intravenous injection of GNF-6231 in C57Bl/6 mice significantly reduced the decline in cardiac function (Fractional Shortening at day 30: 38.71 ± 4.13% in GNF-6231 treated vs. 34.89 ± 4.86% in vehicle-treated), prevented adverse cardiac remodeling, and reduced infarct size (9.07 ± 3.98% vs. 17.18 ± 4.97%). WNT inhibition augmented proliferation of interstitial cells, particularly in the distal myocardium, inhibited apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and reduced myofibroblast proliferation in the peri-infarct region. In vitro studies showed that WNT inhibition increased proliferation of Sca1+ cardiac progenitors, improved survival of cardiomyocytes, and inhibited collagen I synthesis by cardiac myofibroblasts. CONCLUSION Systemic, temporary pharmacologic inhibition of the WNT pathway using an orally bioavailable drug immediately following MI resulted in improved function, reduced adverse remodeling and reduced infarct size in mice. Therapeutic WNT inhibition affected multiple aspects of infarct repair: it promoted proliferation of cardiac progenitors and other interstitial cells, inhibited myofibroblast proliferation, improved cardiomyocyte survival, and reduced collagen I gene expression by myofibroblasts. Our data point to a promising role for WNT inhibitory therapeutics as a new class of drugs to drive post-MI repair and prevent heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikshya Bastakoty
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarika Saraswati
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Piyush Joshi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Igor Feoktistov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Genomics Institute of Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Harris
- Genomics Institute of Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Pampee P Young
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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47
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Yu G, Wang J, Lin X, Diao S, Cao Y, Dong R, Wang L, Wang S, Fan Z. Demethylation of SFRP2 by histone demethylase KDM2A regulated osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation of stem cells of the apical papilla. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:330-40. [PMID: 27074224 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are easily obtained; however, mechanisms underlying directed differentiation of these cells remains unclear. Wnt/β-catenin signalling is essential for mesenchymal cell commitment and differentiation, and Wnt inhibition is linked to stem cell maintenance and function. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) competes with the Frizzled receptor for direct binding to Wnt and blocks activation of Wnt signalling. Here, we used stem cells derived from apical papillae (SCAPs) to study the functions of SFRP2. MATERIALS AND METHODS SCAPs were isolated from apical papillae of immature third molars. The cells were analysed using alkaline phosphatase activity assays, Alizarin red staining and quantitative calcium measurements. In addition, we evaluated expression profile of genes associated with osteogenesis and dentinogenesis (osteo-/dentinogenesis), and conducted in vivo transplantation experiments to determine osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation potential of SCAPs. ChIP assays were used to detect histone methylation at the SFRP2 promoter. RESULTS We found that SFRP2 enhanced osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation via Osterix, a key transcription factor in SCAPs. Furthermore, silencing SFRP2 induced SCAP cell death in osteogenic-inducing medium, indicating that SFRP2 is a key factor in maintaining SCAP survival following osteo-/dentinogenic commitment. Moreover, we found that silencing KDM2A, a histone demethylase and BCL6 co-repressor, de-repressed SFRP2 transcription by increasing histone H3K4 and H3K36 methylation at the SFRP2 promoter. CONCLUSIONS Our results have identified a new function of SFRP2 and shed new light on the molecular mechanism underlying directed differentiation of stem cells of dental origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Implant Dentistry, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu Diao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
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48
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Tao J, Abudoukelimu M, Ma YT, Yang YN, Li XM, Chen BD, Liu F, He CH, Li HY. Secreted frizzled related protein 1 protects H9C2 cells from hypoxia/re-oxygenation injury by blocking the Wnt signaling pathway. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:72. [PMID: 27048460 PMCID: PMC4822324 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In animal models, secreted frizzled related protein 1 (Sfrp1) inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway is beneficial because Sfrp1 reduces myocardial apoptosis and prevents heart failure. The mechanisms mediating the cellular survival effect of Sfrp1 has not been completely elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the possible protective actions of Sfrp1 on cardiac muscle cells using an in vitro model of ischemia/reperfusion, and to evaluate the possible involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway. Methods We used a recombinant AAV9 vector to deliver the Sfrp1 gene into H9C2 rat cardiomyoblasts and adopted an in vitro model of ischemia/reperfusion. Cell vitality was measured by CKK-8 and the trypan blue exclusion assay. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of Dvl-1, β-catenin, c-Myc, Bax, and Bcl-2. Flow cytometry analysis of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was performed. Results We confirmed that Sfrp1 significantly increased cell viability (assayed by trypan blue and CKK-8) and decreased apoptosis (assayed by flow cytometry analysis and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio). These effects were partly attributable to the ability of Sfrp1 to down-regulate Wnt signaling pathway (assayed by Western blot to evaluate the expression of Dvl-1, β-catenin, and c-Myc). Indeed, reactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway activity with the specific activator, Licl, reduced Sfrp1-induced cardioprotection during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that Sfrp1 directly protected H9C2 cells from hypoxia and reoxygenation-induced reperfusion injury and apoptosis through inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway, and added new mechanistic insight regarding the cardioprotective role of Sfrp1 on ischemic damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0240-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mayila Abudoukelimu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China. .,Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-ning Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-mei Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-dang Chen
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-hui He
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-yin Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Medical University, Li Yu Shan South Road 137, Urumqi, 830001, People's Republic of China
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Takeo M, Hale CS, Ito M. Epithelium-Derived Wnt Ligands Are Essential for Maintenance of Underlying Digit Bone. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:1355-1363. [PMID: 27021406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, many nail disorders accompany bone deformities, but whether the two defects are causally related is under debate. To investigate the potential interactions between the two tissue types, we analyzed epithelial-specific β-catenin-deficient mice, in which nail differentiation is abrogated. These mice showed regression of not only the nail plate but also of the underlying digit bone. Characterization of these bone defects revealed active bone resorption, which is suppressed by Wnt activation in osteoblast and osteoclast precursors. Furthermore, we found that Wntless expression, essential for Wnt ligand secretion, was lacking in the β-catenin-deficient nail epithelium and that genetic deletion of Wntless (Wls) in the nail epithelium led to the lack of Wnt activation in osteoblast and osteoclast precursors and subsequently led to defective regression of the underlying digit bone. Together, these data show that epithelial Wnt ligands can ultimately regulate Wnt signaling in osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, known to regulate bone homeostasis. These results reveal a critical role for the nail epithelium on the digit bone during homeostatic regeneration and show that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is critical for this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takeo
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA; The Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher S Hale
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mayumi Ito
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA; The Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
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50
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Wang K, del Castillo C, Corre E, Pales Espinosa E, Allam B. Clam focal and systemic immune responses to QPX infection revealed by RNA-seq technology. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:146. [PMID: 26921237 PMCID: PMC4769524 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria is an important seafood species widely exploited along the eastern coasts of the United States and play a crucial role in coastal ecology and economy. Severe hard clam mortalities have been associated with the protistan parasite QPX (Quahog Parasite Unknown). QPX infection establishes in pallial organs with the lesions typically characterized as nodules, which represent inflammatory masses formed by hemocyte infiltration and encapsulation of parasites. QPX infection is known to induce host changes on both the whole-organism level and at specific lesion areas, which imply systemic and focal defense responses, respectively. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations. Results RNA-seq was performed using Illumina Hiseq 2000 (641 Million 100 bp reads) to characterize M. mercenaria focal and systemic immune responses to QPX. Transcripts were assembled and the expression levels were compared between nodule and healthy tissues from infected clams, and between these and tissues from healthy clams. De novo assembly reconstructed a consensus transcriptome of 62,980 sequences that was functionally-annotated. A total of 3,131 transcripts were identified as differentially expressed in different tissues. Results allowed the identification of host immune factors implicated in the systemic and focal responses against QPX and unraveled the pathways involved in parasite neutralization. Among transcripts significantly modulated upon host-pathogen interactions, those involved in non-self recognition, signal transduction and defense response were over-represented. Alterations in pathways regulating hemocyte focal adhesion, migration and apoptosis were also demonstrated. Conclusions Our study is the first attempt to thoroughly characterize M. mercenaria transcriptome and identify molecular features associated with QPX infection. It is also one of the first studies contrasting focal and systemic responses to infections in invertebrates using high-throughput sequencing. Results identified the molecular signatures of clam systemic and focal defense responses, to collectively mediate immune processes such as hemocyte recruitment and local inflammation. These investigations improve our understanding of bivalve immunity and provide molecular targets for probing the biological bases of clam resistance towards QPX. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2493-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailai Wang
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA.
| | - Carmelo del Castillo
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA.
| | - Erwan Corre
- Analyses and Bioinformatics for Marine Science, Station Biologique de Roscoff, 29688, Roscoff Cedex, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA.
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA.
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