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Ricardez‐Garcia C, Reyes‐Becerril M, Mosqueda‐Martinez E, Mendez‐Romero O, Ruiz‐Ramírez A, Uribe‐Carvajal S. Tissue-specific differences in Ca 2+ sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). Experiments in male rat liver and heart. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16056. [PMID: 38777811 PMCID: PMC11111423 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Permeability transition pore (PTP) opening dissipates ion and electron gradients across the internal mitochondrial membrane (IMM), including excess Ca2+ in the mitochondrial matrix. After opening, immediate PTP closure must follow to prevent outer membrane disruption, loss of cytochrome c, and eventual apoptosis. Flickering, defined as the rapid alternative opening/closing of PTP, has been reported in heart, which undergoes frequent, large variations in Ca2+. In contrast, in tissues that undergo depolarization events less often, such as the liver, PTP would not need to be as dynamic and thus these tissues would not be as resistant to stress. To evaluate this idea, it was decided to follow the reversibility of the permeability transition (PT) in isolated murine mitochondria from two different tissues: the very dynamic heart, and the liver, which suffers depolarizations less frequently. It was observed that in heart mitochondria PT remained reversible for longer periods and at higher Ca2+ loads than in liver mitochondria. In all cases, Ca2+ uptake was inhibited by ruthenium red and PT was delayed by Cyclosporine A. Characterization of this phenomenon included measuring the rate of oxygen consumption, organelle swelling and Ca2+ uptake and retention. Results strongly suggest that there are tissue-specific differences in PTP physiology, as it resists many more Ca2+ additions before opening in a highly active organ such as the heart than in an organ that seldom suffers Ca2+ loading, such as the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ricardez‐Garcia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Mauricio Reyes‐Becerril
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Edson Mosqueda‐Martinez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Ofelia Mendez‐Romero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
| | - Angelica Ruiz‐Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina CardiovascularInstituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio ChávezMexico CityMexico
| | - Salvador Uribe‐Carvajal
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad UniversitariaMexico CityMexico
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2
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Zhang C, Yang HY, Gao L, Bai MZ, Fu WK, Huang CF, Mi NN, Ma HD, Lu YW, Jiang NZ, Tian L, Cai T, Lin YY, Zheng XX, Gao K, Chen JJ, Meng WB. Lanatoside C decelerates proliferation and induces apoptosis through inhibition of STAT3 and ROS-mediated mitochondrial membrane potential transformation in cholangiocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1098915. [PMID: 37397486 PMCID: PMC10308052 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1098915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has increased worldwide in recent years. Given the poor prognosis associated with the current management approach of CCA, new therapeutic agents are warranted to improve the prognosis of this patient population. Methods: In this study, we extracted five cardiac glycosides (CGs) from natural plants: digoxin, lanatoside A, lanatoside C, lanatoside B, and gitoxin. Follow-up experiments were performed to assess the effect of these five extracts on cholangiocarcinoma cells and compounds with the best efficacy were selected. Lanatoside C (Lan C) was selected as the most potent natural extract for subsequent experiments. We explored the potential mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of Lan C on cholangiocarcinoma cells by flow cytometry, western blot, immunofluorescence, transcriptomics sequencing, network pharmacology and in vivo experiments. Results: We found that Lan C time-dependently inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of HuCCT-1 and TFK-1 cholangiocarcinoma cells. Besides Lan C increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in cholangiocarcinoma cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and resulted in apoptosis. Besides, Lan C downregulated the protein expression of STAT3, leading to decreased expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, increased expression of Bax, activation of caspase-3, and initiation of apoptosis. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment reversed the effect of Lan C. In vivo, we found that Lan C inhibited the growth of cholangiocarcinoma xenografts without toxic effects on normal cells. Tumor immunohistochemistry showed that nude mice transplanted with human cholangiocarcinoma cells treated with Lan C exhibited decreased STAT3 expression and increased caspase-9 and caspase-3 expression in tumors, consistent with the in vitro results. Conclusion: In summary, our results substantiates that cardiac glycosides have strong anti-CCA effects. Interestingly the biological activity of Lan C provides a new anticancer candidate for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Long Gao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ming-Zhen Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wen-Kang Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chong-Fei Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ning-Ning Mi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hai-Dong Ma
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ning-Zu Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Liang Tian
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Teng Cai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan-Yan Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Bo Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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3
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Olivar-Villanueva M, Ren M, Schlame M, Phoon CK. The critical role of cardiolipin in metazoan differentiation, development, and maturation. Dev Dyn 2023; 252:691-712. [PMID: 36692477 PMCID: PMC10238668 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipins are phospholipids that are central to proper mitochondrial functioning. Because mitochondria play crucial roles in differentiation, development, and maturation, we would also expect cardiolipin to play major roles in these processes. Indeed, cardiolipin has been implicated in the mechanism of three human diseases that affect young infants, implying developmental abnormalities. In this review, we will: (1) Review the biology of cardiolipin; (2) Outline the evidence for essential roles of cardiolipin during organismal development, including embryogenesis and cell maturation in vertebrate organisms; (3) Place the role(s) of cardiolipin during embryogenesis within the larger context of the roles of mitochondria in development; and (4) Suggest avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mindong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Schlame
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colin K.L. Phoon
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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4
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De Nicolo B, Cataldi-Stagetti E, Diquigiovanni C, Bonora E. Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling Interplays in Cardiac Physiology and Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020353. [PMID: 36829912 PMCID: PMC9952851 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in energy production, critical activity for the smooth functioning of energy-demanding organs such as the muscles, brain, and heart. Therefore, dysregulation or alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics primarily perturb these organs. Within the cell, mitochondria are the major site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through the activity of different enzymes since it is one of the organelles with the major availability of oxygen. ROS can act as signaling molecules in a number of different pathways by modulating calcium (Ca2+) signaling. Interactions among ROS and calcium signaling can be considered bidirectional, with ROS regulating cellular Ca2+ signaling, whereas Ca2+ signaling is essential for ROS production. In particular, we will discuss how alterations in the crosstalk between ROS and Ca2+ can lead to mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunctions and the consequent damage to tissues at high energy demand, such as the heart. Changes in Ca2+ can induce mitochondrial alterations associated with reduced ATP production and increased production of ROS. These changes in Ca2+ levels and ROS generation completely paralyze cardiac contractility. Thus, ROS can hinder the excitation-contraction coupling, inducing arrhythmias, hypertrophy, apoptosis, or necrosis of cardiac cells. These interplays in the cardiovascular system are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca De Nicolo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Erica Cataldi-Stagetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Diquigiovanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051209476
| | - Elena Bonora
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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5
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Qi X, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Wen Z, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Pang Y, Lu J. Research progress on the relationship between mitochondrial function and heart failure: A bibliometric study from 2002 to 2021. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1036364. [PMID: 36330217 PMCID: PMC9622797 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1036364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the major public health problems in the world. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the relationship between heart failure and mitochondrial function. In the past 2 decades, a growing number of research papers in this field have been published. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the published literature on the relationship between MF and HF in the past 20 years by utilizing Microsoft Excel 2019, Biblio metric analysis platform, WoSCC database, VosViewer and Citespace. The results show that the papers have increased year by year and China and the United States are the leading countries in this field, as well as the countries with the most cooperation and exchanges. University of california system is the research institution with the greatest impacts on research results, and Yip H.K. is the author with more papers. The American Journal of Physiology-heart and Circulatory Physiology is probably the most popular magazine. At present, most of the published articles on mitochondria and HF are cited from internationally influential journals. The research focus includes oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis imbalance, mitochondrial quality control and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by inflammation in the pathogenesis of HF. Targeted regulating of mitochondria will be the keynote of future research on prevention and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qi
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhide Zhu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhihao Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, Chinad
| | - Zhixiong Jiang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liren Zhang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Pang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, Chinad
- *Correspondence: Yan Pang, ; Jianqi Lu,
| | - Jianqi Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, Chinad
- *Correspondence: Yan Pang, ; Jianqi Lu,
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6
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Koren TDT, Shrivastava R, Siddiqui SI, Ghosh S. Calmodulin Modulates the Gating Properties of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel from Rat Brain Mitochondria. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4857-4871. [PMID: 35758767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a key signaling protein that plays a decisive role in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling and modulates the mitochondrial membrane properties. We propose that voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), one of the most abundant outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins, could be its possible target or site of action. VDAC1 is known to play a crucial role in the mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling mechanism. Bilayer electrophysiology experiments show that CaM significantly reduces VDAC1's conductivity and modulates its gating as well as permeability properties. Also, spectrofluorimetric analysis indicates the possibility of binding CaM with VDAC1. Theoretical analysis of fluorescence data shows that the aforementioned protein-protein interaction is not linear, but rather it is a complex nonlinear process. In VDAC1, CaM binding site has been predicted using various bioinformatics tools. It is proposed that CaM could interact with VDAC1's outer-loop region and regulate its gating properties. Our findings suggest that VDAC1-CaM interaction could play a crucial role in the transport of ions and metabolites through the OMM and the regulation of the mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling mechanism through alteration of VDAC1's gating and conductive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajan Shrivastava
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | | | - Subhendu Ghosh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
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7
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Danylovych YV, Danylovych HV, Kolomiets OV, Sviatnenko MD, Kosterin SO. Biochemical properties of H+-Ca2+-exchanger in the myometrium mitochondria. Curr Res Physiol 2022; 5:369-380. [PMID: 36176920 PMCID: PMC9513619 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some biochemical properties of the H+-Ca2+-exchanger in uterine smooth muscle mitochondria have been described. The experiments were performed on a suspension of isolated mitochondria from the myometrium of rats. Methods of confocal microscopy, spectrofluorimetry and photon correlation spectroscopy were used. Fluo-4 probe was used to record changes in ionized Ca2+ in the matrix and cytosol; pH changes in the matrix were evaluated with BCECF. It was experimentally proved that in the myometrium instead of Na+-Ca2+-exchanger the H+-Ca2+-exchanger functions. It was activated at a physiological pH value, was carried out in stoichiometry 1: 1 and was electrogenic. The transport system was modulated by magnesium ions and the diuretic amiloride, but was not sensitive to changes in the concentration of extra-mitochondrial potassium ions. H+-Ca2+-exchanger was suppressed by antibodies against the LETM1 protein. Calmodulin may act as a regulator of H+-Ca2+-exchanger by inhibiting it. It has been shown the possibility of the existence of H+-Ca2+-exchanger in the mitochondria of the myometrium. Functioning of H+-Ca2+-exchanger does not depend on the gradient of sodium and potassium ions; is activated at physiological pH values; is carried out in stoichiometry 1:1 and is electrogenic; inhibited by antibodies against LETM1 protein; modulated by the magnesium ions and diuretic amiloride; calmodulin may act as a regulator of H+-Ca2+-exchanger.
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present a method enabling in vivo quantification of tissue membrane potential (ΔΨT), a proxy of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), to review the origin and role of ΔΨm, and to highlight potential applications of myocardial ΔΨT imaging. RECENT FINDINGS Radiolabelled lipophilic cations have been used for decades to measure ΔΨm in vitro. Using similar compounds labeled with positron emitters and appropriate compartment modeling, this technique now allows in vivo quantification of ΔΨT with positron emission tomography. Studies have confirmed the feasibility of measuring myocardial ΔΨT in both animals and humans. In addition, ΔΨT showed very low variability among healthy subjects, suggesting that this method could allow detection of relatively small pathological changes. In vivo assessment of myocardial ΔΨT provides a new tool to study the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases and has the potential to serve as a new biomarker to assess disease stage, prognosis, and response to therapy.
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9
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Altshuler PJ, Schiazza AR, Luo L, Helmers MR, Chhay B, Han JJ, Hu R, Herbst DA, Tsourkas A, Cheng Z, Atluri P. Superoxide Dismutase-Loaded Nanoparticles Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Protect Against Chronic Adverse Ventricular Remodeling. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021; 4. [PMID: 34179348 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Early revascularization is critical to reduce morbidity after myocardial infarction, although reperfusion incites additional oxidative injury. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) but has low endogenous expression and rapid myocardial washout when administered exogenously. This study utilizes a novel nanoparticle carrier to improve exogeneous SOD retention while preserving enzyme function. Its role is assessed in preserving cardiac function after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here, nanoparticle-encapsulated SOD (NP-SOD) exhibits similar enzyme activity as free SOD, measured by ferricytochrome-c assay. In an in vitro I/R model, free and NP-SOD reduce active ROS, preserve mitochondrial integrity and improve cell viability compared to controls. In a rat in vivo I/R injury model, NP-encapsulation of fluorescent-tagged SOD improves intramyocardial retention after direct injection. Intramyocardial NP-SOD administration in vivo improves left ventricular contractility at 3-hours post-reperfusion by echocardiography and 4-weeks by echocardiography and invasive pressure-volume catheter analysis. These findings suggest that NP-SOD mitigates ROS damage in cardiac I/R injury in vitro and maximizes retention in vivo. NP-SOD further attenuates acute injury and protects against myocyte loss and chronic adverse ventricular remodeling, demonstrating potential for translating NP-SOD as a therapy to mitigate myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Altshuler
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexis R Schiazza
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lijun Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33 Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark R Helmers
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bonirath Chhay
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33 Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason J Han
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robin Hu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - D Alan Herbst
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33 Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhiliang Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 South 33 Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pavan Atluri
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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10
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Gong Y, Lin J, Ma Z, Yu M, Wang M, Lai D, Fu G. Mitochondria-associated membrane-modulated Ca 2+ transfer: A potential treatment target in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and heart failure. Life Sci 2021; 278:119511. [PMID: 33864818 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effective Ca2+ dependent mitochondrial energy supply is imperative for proper cardiac contractile activity, while disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis participates in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. This phenomenon is particularly prominent in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and heart failure, both of which require strict clinical intervention. The interface between endoplasmic reticula (ER) and mitochondria, designated the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), is now regarded as a crucial mediator of Ca2+ transportation. Thus, interventions targeting this physical and functional coupling between mitochondria and the ER are highly desirable. Increasing evidence supports the notion that restoration, and maintenance, of the physiological contact between these two organelles can improve mitochondrial function, while inhibiting cell death, thereby sufficiently ameliorating I/R injury and heart failure development. A better understanding regarding the underlying mechanism of MAM-mediated transport will pave the way for identification of novel treatment approaches for heart disease. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the crucial functions and potential mechanisms of MAMs in the pathogenesis of I/R and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zetao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Dongwu Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
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11
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Verma N, Pink M, Schmitz-Spanke S. A new perspective on calmodulin-regulated calcium and ROS homeostasis upon carbon black nanoparticle exposure. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2007-2018. [PMID: 33772346 PMCID: PMC8166691 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Toxicological studies propose that exposure to carbon black nanoparticles induces organ injuries and inflammatory responses. Besides, current understanding of the molecular mechanisms implies that carbon black nanoparticles (CBNP) exposure induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction or disturbance in calcium homeostasis. However, the precise mechanisms whereby CBNP exert these effects in the lung are still not fully understood. To gain insight into the possible mechanism of CBNP exerted toxicity, human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) were exposed to different concentrations of CBNP and for different timepoints. The reaction of the cells was monitored by the systematic use of cell-based measurements of calcium and ROS, in the presence and absence of calcium (Ca2+) pump inhibitors/chelators and antioxidants. Followed by an in-depth PCR analysis of 84 oxidative stress-related genes. The measurements revealed, as compared to the control, that exposure to CBNP nanoparticles leads to the generation of high ROS levels, as well as a disturbance in calcium homeostasis, which remained primarily unchanged even after 24 h of exposure. Nevertheless, in presence of antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Trolox, ROS formation was considerably reduced without affecting the intracellular calcium concentration. On the other hand, Ca2+ pump inhibitors/chelators, BAPTA (1,2-bis(o-amino phenoxy)ethane-N, N, N′, N′-tetraacetic acid) and verapamil not only decreased the Ca2+ overload, but also further decreased the ROS formation, indicating its role in CBNP-induced oxidative stress. Further, a PCR array analysis of A549 cells in presence and absence of the calmodulin (CaM) antagonist W7, indicated toward nine altered oxidative stress-related genes which further confirmed our cytotoxicity results. Obtained data suggested that CBNP exposure elevates calcium ion concentration, which further contributes to oxidative stress, via the calcium-binding protein CaM. Its inhibition with W7 leads to downregulation in gene expression of nine oxidative stress-related genes, which otherwise, as compared to control, show increased gene expression. The results of the study thus confirm that exposure of lung epithelial cells to CBNP leads to oxidative stress; however, the oxidative stress itself is a result of a disturbance in both calcium and ROS homeostasis, and should be considered while searching for a new strategy for prevention of CBNP-induced lung toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Verma
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mario Pink
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Duran J, Nickel L, Estrada M, Backs J, van den Hoogenhof MMG. CaMKIIδ Splice Variants in the Healthy and Diseased Heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644630. [PMID: 33777949 PMCID: PMC7991079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing has been recognized in recent years as a pivotal player in heart development and disease. The Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta (CaMKIIδ) is a multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase family and generates at least 11 different splice variants through alternative splicing. This enzyme, which belongs to the CaMKII family, is the predominant family member in the heart and functions as a messenger toward adaptive or detrimental signaling in cardiomyocytes. Classically, the nuclear CaMKIIδB and cytoplasmic CaMKIIδC splice variants are described as mediators of arrhythmias, contractile function, Ca2+ handling, and gene transcription. Recent findings also put CaMKIIδA and CaMKIIδ9 as cardinal players in the global CaMKII response in the heart. In this review, we discuss and summarize the new insights into CaMKIIδ splice variants and their (proposed) functions, as well as CaMKII-engineered mouse phenotypes and cardiac dysfunction related to CaMKIIδ missplicing. We also discuss RNA splicing factors affecting CaMKII splicing. Finally, we discuss the translational perspective derived from these insights and future directions on CaMKIIδ splicing research in the healthy and diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Duran
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lennart Nickel
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maarten M G van den Hoogenhof
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Wang J, Cheng X, Zhao H, Yang Q, Xu Z. Downregulation of the zinc transporter SLC39A13 (ZIP13) is responsible for the activation of CaMKII at reperfusion and leads to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mouse hearts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 152:69-79. [PMID: 33307093 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While Zn2+ dyshomeostasis is known to contribute to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the roles of zinc transporters that are responsible for Zn2+ homeostasis in the pathogenesis of I/R injury remain to be addressed. This study reports that ZIP13 (SLC39A13), a zinc transporter, plays a role in myocardial I/R injury by modulating the Ca2+ signaling pathway rather than by regulating Zn2+ transport. ZIP13 is downregulated upon reperfusion in mouse hearts or in H9c2 cells at reoxygenation. Ca2+ but not Zn2+ was responsible for ZIP13 downregulation, implying that ZIP13 may play a role in I/R injury through the Ca2+ signaling pathway. In line with our assumption, knockout of ZIP13 resulted in phosphorylation (Thr287) of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), indicating that downregulation of ZIP13 leads to CaMKII activation. Further studies showed that the heart-specific knockout of ZIP13 enhanced I/R-induced CaMKII phosphorylation in mouse hearts. In contrast, overexpression of ZIP13 suppressed I/R-induced CaMKII phosphorylation. Moreover, the heart-specific knockout of ZIP13 exacerbated myocardial infarction in mouse hearts subjected to I/R, whereas overexpression of ZIP13 reduced infarct size. In addition, knockout of ZIP13 induced increases of mitochondrial Ca2+, ROS, mitochondrial swelling, decrease in the mitochondrial respiration control rate (RCR), and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in a CaMKII-dependent manner. These data suggest that downregulation of ZIP13 at reperfusion contributes to myocardial I/R injury through activation of CaMKII and the mitochondrial death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhelong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Cardiology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
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14
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Stem cell plasticity and regenerative potential regulation through Ca 2+-mediated mitochondrial nuclear crosstalk. Mitochondrion 2020; 56:1-14. [PMID: 33059088 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The multi-lineage differentiation potential is one of the prominent mechanisms through which stem cells can repair damaged tissues. The regenerative potential of stem cells is the manifestation of several changes at the structural and molecular levels in stem cells that are regulated through intricate mitochondrial-nuclear interactions maintained by Ca2+ ion signaling. Despite the exhilarating evidences strengthening the versatile and indispensible role of Ca2+ in regulating mitochondrial-nuclear interactions, the extensive details of signaling mechanisms remains largely unexplored. In this review we have discussed the effect of Ca2+ ion mediated mitochondrial-nuclear interactions participating in stem plasticity and its regenerative potential.
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15
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Hu C, Zhou G, Liu K, Yin W, Zhou L, Wang J, Chen L, Zuo S, Xie Y, Zuo X. CaMKII as a key regulator of contrast-induced nephropathy through mPTP opening in HK-2 cells. Cell Signal 2020; 75:109734. [PMID: 32791339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), refers to acute kidney injury observed after administration of contrast media during angiographic or other medical procedures such as urography, and accounting for 12% of all causes of acute renal failure, but no specific prevention or treatment strategy exists for its obscure pathophysiology. The aim of our study was to explore the influence of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in CIN by using HK-2 cells. Knockdown of CypD was achieved by lentivirus, and CaMKII overexpression by transfection with the plasmid. In this study, we have demonstrated that CypD-mediated mPTP opening triggered mitochondrial dysfunction and tubule cells apoptosis in CIN. We also found that iohexol treatment was associated with mitochondrial ROS overloading, ATP depletion and LDH release. Inhibition of CypD with the pharmacologic inhibitor or knockdown of CypD abrogated mPTP opening, oxidative stress, mitochondria damage, and cell apoptosis induced by iohexol. In addition, we found that inhibition of the CaMKII activity alleviated iohexol-induced CypD expression, whereas also decreased mPTP opening, oxidative stress, mitochondria damage, and cell apoptosis, similarly to the inhibition of CypD did. Moreover, CaMKII overexpression enhanced iohexol-induced mPTP opening, mitochondrial damage and renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis. These findings first identified the novel role of CaMKII in iohexol-induced tubular cells apoptosis and delineated the CaMKII-CypD/mPTP pathway during contrast-induced tubular cell damage. Hence, these results could provide a new strategy for CIN protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ge Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shanru Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yueliang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaocong Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
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16
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Li J, Agvanian S, Zhou K, Shaw RM, Hong T. Exogenous Cardiac Bridging Integrator 1 Benefits Mouse Hearts With Pre-existing Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2020; 11:708. [PMID: 32670093 PMCID: PMC7327113 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac bridging integrator 1 (cBIN1) organizes transverse tubule (t-tubule) membrane calcium handling microdomains required for normal beat-to-beat contractility. cBIN1 is transcriptionally reduced in heart failure (HF). We recently found that cBIN1 pretreatment can limit HF development in stressed mice. Here, we aim to explore whether cBIN1 replacement therapy can improve myocardial function in continuously stressed hearts with pre-existing HF. Methods: Adult male mice were subjected to sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery at the age of 8-10 weeks old. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) transducing cBIN1-V5 or GFP-V5 (3 × 1010 vg) was administered through retro-orbital injection at 5 weeks post-TAC. Mice were followed by echocardiography to monitor cardiac function until 20 weeks after TAC. Overall survival, heart and lung weight (LW), and HF incidence were determined. In a second set of animals in which AAV9-cBIN1 pretreatment prevents HF, we recorded cardiac pressure-volume (PV) loops and obtained myocardial immunofluorescence imaging. Results: The overall Kaplan-Meir survival of AAV9-cBIN1 mice was 77.8%, indicating a significant partial rescue between AAV9-GFP (58.8%) and sham (100%) treated mice. In mice with ejection fraction (EF) ≥30% prior to AAV9 injection at 5 weeks post-TAC, AAV9-cBIN1 significantly increased survival to 93.3%, compared to 62.5% survival for AAV9-GFP treated mice. The effect of exogenous cBIN1 was to attenuate TAC-induced left ventricular (LV) dilation and prevent further HF development. Recovery of EF also occurs in AAV9-cBIN1-treated mice. We found that EF increases to a peak at 6-8 weeks post-viral injection. Furthermore, PV loop analysis identified that AAV9-cBIN1 increases both systolic and diastolic function of the post-TAC hearts. At the myocyte level, AAV9-cBIN1 normalizes cBIN1 expression, t-tubule membrane intensity, and intracellular distribution of Cav1.2 and ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Conclusions: In mice with pre-existing HF, exogenous cBIN1 can normalize t-tubule calcium handling microdomains, limit HF progression, rescue cardiac function, and improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sosse Agvanian
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Robin M. Shaw
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - TingTing Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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17
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Oniki T, Teshima Y, Nishio S, Ishii Y, Kira S, Abe I, Yufu K, Takahashi N. Hyponatraemia aggravates cardiac susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Exp Pathol 2020; 100:350-358. [PMID: 31994291 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyponatraemia is defined as a serum sodium concentration of <135 mEql/L and is the most common electrolyte disturbance in patients with chronic heart failure. We hypothesize that hyponatraemia may induce Ca2+ overload and enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which will exacerbate myocardial injury more than normonatraemia. We investigated the effect of hyponatraemia on the ability of the heart to recover from ischaemia/reperfusion episodes. Cardiomyocytes were obtained from 1- to 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. After isolation, cardiomyocytes were placed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing low sodium concentration (110, 120, or 130 mEq/L) or normal sodium concentration (140 mEq/L) for 72 hours. Exposure of cardiomyocytes to each of the low-sodium medium significantly increased both ROS and intracellular Ca2+ levels compared with the exposure to the normal-sodium medium. In vivo, 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group (Con), furosemide group (Fur), low-sodium diet group (Lsd) and both furosemide and low-sodium diet group (Fur + Lsd). The hearts subjected to global ischaemia exhibited considerable decrease in left ventricular developed pressure during reperfusion, and the size of infarcts induced by ischaemia/reperfusion significantly increased in the Fur, Lsd and Fur + Lsd compared with that in the Con. Hyponatraemia aggravates cardiac susceptibility to ischaemia/reperfusion injury by Ca2+ overload and increasing in ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Oniki
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Satoru Nishio
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Yumi Ishii
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kira
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Ichitaro Abe
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Kunio Yufu
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
| | - Naohiko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu city, Japan
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18
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Arow M, Waldman M, Yadin D, Nudelman V, Shainberg A, Abraham NG, Freimark D, Kornowski R, Aravot D, Hochhauser E, Arad M. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor Dapagliflozin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:7. [PMID: 31924211 PMCID: PMC6953156 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a risk factor for developing heart failure but there is no specific therapy for diabetic heart disease. Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) are recently developed diabetic drugs that primarily work on the kidney. Clinical data describing the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2Is highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of these drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular events and heart failure. However, the underlying mechanism of protection remains unclear. We investigated the effect of Dapagliflozin—SGLT2I, on diabetic cardiomyopathy in a mouse model of DM2. Methods Cardiomyopathy was induced in diabetic mice (db/db) by subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II (ATII) for 30 days using an osmotic pump. Dapagliflozin (1.5 mg/kg/day) was administered concomitantly in drinking water. Male homozygous, 12–14 weeks old WT or db/db mice (n = 4–8/group), were used for the experiments. Isolated cardiomyocytes were exposed to glucose (17.5–33 mM) and treated with Dapagliflozin in vitro. Intracellular calcium transients were measured using a fluorescent indicator indo-1. Results Angiotensin II infusion induced cardiomyopathy in db/db mice, manifested by cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and inflammation (TNFα, TLR4). Dapagliflozin decreased blood glucose (874 ± 111 to 556 ± 57 mg/dl, p < 0.05). In addition it attenuated fibrosis and inflammation and increased the left ventricular fractional shortening in ATII treated db/db mice. In isolated cardiomyocytes Dapagliflozin decreased intracellular calcium transients, inflammation and ROS production. Finally, voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel (CACNA1C), the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX) and the sodium–hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE) membrane transporters expression was reduced following Dapagliflozin treatment. Conclusion Dapagliflozin was cardioprotective in ATII-stressed diabetic mice. It reduced oxygen radicals, as well the activity of membrane channels related to calcium transport. The cardioprotective effect manifested by decreased fibrosis, reduced inflammation and improved systolic function. The clinical implication of our results suggest a novel pharmacologic approach for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy through modulation of ion homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arow
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Waldman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Yadin
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - V Nudelman
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - N G Abraham
- Pharmacology Department, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - D Freimark
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Kornowski
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Aravot
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute Petah-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - M Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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19
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Pathophysiology of Calcium Mediated Ventricular Arrhythmias and Novel Therapeutic Options with Focus on Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215304. [PMID: 31653119 PMCID: PMC6862059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias constitute a major health problem with a huge impact on mortality rates and health care costs. Despite ongoing research efforts, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and processes responsible for arrhythmogenesis remains incomplete. Given the crucial role of Ca2+-handling in action potential generation and cardiac contraction, Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ handling proteins represent promising targets for suppression of ventricular arrhythmias. Accordingly, we report the different roles of Ca2+-handling in the development of congenital as well as acquired ventricular arrhythmia syndromes. We highlight the therapeutic potential of gene therapy as a novel and innovative approach for future arrhythmia therapy. Furthermore, we discuss various promising cellular and mitochondrial targets for therapeutic gene transfer currently under investigation.
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20
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Oliver D, Reddy PH. Dynamics of Dynamin-Related Protein 1 in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8090961. [PMID: 31450774 PMCID: PMC6769467 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to highlight the role of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in abnormal mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial fragmentation, autophagy/mitophagy, and neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurological diseases, including Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and obesity. Dynamin-related protein 1 is one of the evolutionarily highly conserved large family of GTPase proteins. Drp1 is critical for mitochondrial division, size, shape, and distribution throughout the neuron, from cell body to axons, dendrites, and nerve terminals. Several decades of intense research from several groups revealed that Drp1 is enriched at neuronal terminals and involved in synapse formation and synaptic sprouting. Different phosphorylated forms of Drp1 acts as both increased fragmentation and/or increased fusion of mitochondria. Increased levels of Drp1 were found in diseased states and caused excessive fragmentation of mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage. In the last two decades, several Drp1 inhibitors have been developed, including Mdivi-1, Dynasore, P110, and DDQ and their beneficial effects tested using cell cultures and mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research using genetic crossing studies revealed that a partial reduction of Drp1 is protective against mutant protein(s)-induced mitochondrial and synaptic toxicities. Based on findings from cell cultures, mouse models and postmortem brains of AD and other neurodegenerative disease, we cautiously conclude that reduced Drp1 is a promising therapeutic target for AD and other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryll Oliver
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
- Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79413, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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21
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Dilaveris P, Antoniou CK, Manolakou P, Tsiamis E, Gatzoulis K, Tousoulis D. Biomarkers Associated with Atrial Fibrosis and Remodeling. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:780-802. [PMID: 28925871 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170918122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most common rhythm disturbance encountered in clinical practice. Although often considered as solely arrhythmic in nature, current evidence has established that atrial myopathy constitutes both the substrate and the outcome of atrial fibrillation, thus initiating a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle. This myopathy is triggered by stress-induced (including pressure/volume overload, inflammation, oxidative stress) responses of atrial tissue, which in the long term become maladaptive, and combine elements of both structural, especially fibrosis, and electrical remodeling, with contemporary approaches yielding potentially useful biomarkers of these processes. Biomarker value becomes greater given the fact that they can both predict atrial fibrillation occurrence and treatment outcome. This mini-review will focus on the biomarkers of atrial remodeling (both electrical and structural) and fibrosis that have been validated in human studies, including biochemical, histological and imaging approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polychronis Dilaveris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagiota Manolakou
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Tsiamis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gatzoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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22
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Sakurada R, Odagiri K, Hakamata A, Kamiya C, Wei J, Watanabe H. Calcium Release from Endoplasmic Reticulum Involves Calmodulin-Mediated NADPH Oxidase-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071644. [PMID: 30987055 PMCID: PMC6480165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies demonstrated that calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) activates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX). In endothelial cells, the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ level consists of two components: Ca2+ mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the subsequent store-operated Ca2+ entry. However, little is known about which component of Ca2+ increase is required to activate NOX in endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the mechanism that regulates NOX-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via a Ca2+/CaM-dependent pathway. Methods: We measured ROS production using a fluorescent indicator in endothelial cells and performed phosphorylation assays. Results: Bradykinin (BK) increased NOX-derived cytosolic ROS. When cells were exposed to BK with either a nominal Ca2+-free or 1 mM of extracellular Ca2+ concentration modified Tyrode’s solution, no difference in BK-induced ROS production was observed; however, chelating of cytosolic Ca2+ by BAPTA/AM or the depletion of ER Ca2+ contents by thapsigargin eliminated BK-induced ROS production. BK-induced ROS production was inhibited by a CaM inhibitor; however, a Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor did not affect BK-induced ROS production. Furthermore, BK stimulation did not increase phosphorylation of NOX2, NOX4, and NOX5. Conclusions: BK-induced NOX-derived ROS production was mediated via a Ca2+/CaM-dependent pathway; however, it was independent from NOX phosphorylation. This was strictly regulated by ER Ca2+ contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryugo Sakurada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Odagiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Akio Hakamata
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Kamiya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Jiazhang Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
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Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the development of heart failure. Oxidative metabolism in mitochondria is the main energy source of the heart, and the inability to generate and transfer energy has long been considered the primary mechanism linking mitochondrial dysfunction and contractile failure. However, the role of mitochondria in heart failure is now increasingly recognized to be beyond that of a failed power plant. In this Review, we summarize recent evidence demonstrating vicious cycles of pathophysiological mechanisms during the pathological remodeling of the heart that drive mitochondrial contributions from being compensatory to being a suicide mission. These mechanisms include bottlenecks of metabolic flux, redox imbalance, protein modification, ROS-induced ROS generation, impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, and inflammation. The interpretation of these findings will lead us to novel avenues for disease mechanisms and therapy.
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Movsesian M, Ahmad F, Hirsch E. Functions of PDE3 Isoforms in Cardiac Muscle. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5010010. [PMID: 29415428 PMCID: PMC5872358 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoforms in the PDE3 family of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases have important roles in cyclic nucleotide-mediated signalling in cardiac myocytes. These enzymes are targeted by inhibitors used to increase contractility in patients with heart failure, with a combination of beneficial and adverse effects on clinical outcomes. This review covers relevant aspects of the molecular biology of the isoforms that have been identified in cardiac myocytes; the roles of these enzymes in modulating cAMP-mediated signalling and the processes mediated thereby; and the potential for targeting these enzymes to improve the profile of clinical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Movsesian
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 841132, USA.
| | - Faiyaz Ahmad
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Molecular Biotechnology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Vacante F, Senesi P, Montesano A, Frigerio A, Luzi L, Terruzzi I. L-Carnitine: An Antioxidant Remedy for the Survival of Cardiomyocytes under Hyperglycemic Condition. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:4028297. [PMID: 30622968 PMCID: PMC6304876 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4028297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic alterations as hyperglycemia and inflammation induce myocardial molecular events enhancing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Those alterations are responsible for a progressive loss of cardiomyocytes, cardiac stem cells, and consequent cardiovascular complications. Currently, there are no effective pharmacological measures to protect the heart from these metabolic modifications, and the development of new therapeutic approaches, focused on improvement of the oxidative stress condition, is pivotal. The protective effects of levocarnitine (LC) in patients with ischemic heart disease are related to the attenuation of oxidative stress, but LC mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to investigate LC's role in oxidative stress condition, on ROS production and mitochondrial detoxifying function in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes during hyperglycemia. METHODS H9c2 cells in the hyperglycemic state (25 mmol/L glucose) were exposed to 0.5 or 5 mM LC for 48 and 72 h: LC effects on signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress condition were studied by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. To evaluate ROS production, H9c2 cells were exposed to H2O2 after LC pretreatment. RESULTS Our in vitro study indicates how LC supplementation might protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-related damage, preventing ROS formation and activating antioxidant signaling pathways in hyperglycemic conditions. In particular, LC promotes STAT3 activation and significantly increases the expression of antioxidant protein SOD2. Hyperglycemic cardiac cells are characterized by impairment in mitochondrial dysfunction and the CaMKII signal: LC promotes CaMKII expression and activation and enhancement of AMPK protein synthesis. Our results suggest that LC might ameliorate metabolic aspects of hyperglycemic cardiac cells. Finally, LC doses herein used did not modify H9c2 growth rate and viability. CONCLUSIONS Our novel study demonstrates that LC improves the microenvironment damaged by oxidative stress (induced by hyperglycemia), thus proposing this nutraceutical compound as an adjuvant in diabetic cardiac regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Vacante
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Senesi
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Montesano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Frigerio
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Chang G, Liu J, Qin S, Jiang Y, Zhang P, Yu H, Lu K, Zhang N, Cao L, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang D. Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:1693-1703. [PMID: 29286061 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogues exert cardioprotective effects via modulating cardiomyocyte metabolism. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the regulation of cell metabolism. It was hypothesized that treatment with exenatide, a GLP-1 analogue, may exert cardioprotective effects by improving mitochondrial function in an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). H9c2 cells were employed to establish an in vitro model of H/R. Exenatide was added to the cells for 30 min prior to exposure to hypoxia. The GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin‑(9‑39), the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) inhibitor Rp-cAMPS and the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 were added to the cells for 10 min prior to treatment with exenatide. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were evaluated. The characteristics of mitochondrial morphology and functions, including ATP synthesis, membrane potential (ΔΨm), mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial ATPase activity and oxidative stress, were determined. the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-3 (UCP-3) and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (Nrf-1) were also investigated by western blot analysis. Exenatide pretreatment significantly decreased LDH and CK-MB release and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. More importantly, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of exenatide pretreatment decreasing mitochondrial abnormalities and reducing oxidative stress, while enhancing ATP synthesis, mitochondrial ATPase activity and ΔΨm in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. Exenatide pretreatment also decreased mitochondrial calcium overload and inhibited the opening of mPTP in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. Furthermore, exenatide pretreatment upregulated UCP-3 and Nrf-1 expression in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. However, the abovementioned observed effects of exenatide were all abolished when exenatide was co-administered with exendin‑(9‑39), Rp-cAMPS and̸or H-89. Therefore, the GLP-1 analogue exenatide was found to exert cardioprotective effects in an in vitro model of H/R, and this cardioprotection may be attributed to the improvement of mitochondrial function. These effects are most likely associated with the activation of the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shu Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Youqin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Dongying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China
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Hong S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Liu W, Fu Y, Liu Y, Shi Z, Chi J, Zhao M, Yin X. Role of the calcium sensing receptor in cardiomyocyte apoptosis via mitochondrial dynamics in compensatory hypertrophied myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:728-733. [PMID: 28450119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mediates pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Mitochondria maintain their function through fission and fusion and disruption of mitochondrial dynamic is linked to various cardiac diseases. This study examined how inhibition of CaSR by the inhibitor Calhex231 affected the mitochondrial dynamics in a hypertensive model in rats. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used in this study. Cardiac function and blood pressure was evaluated at the end of the study. SHRs showed increases in the ratio of heart weight to body weight and the levels of CaSR; all of these increases were suppressed by Calhex231. Additionally, Calhex231 treatment of SHRs changed the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics. Our results demonstrated that CaSR activation induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial dynamics mediated apoptotic pathway in hypertensive hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Hong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhiyu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jinyu Chi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinhua Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Tajeddine N. How do reactive oxygen species and calcium trigger mitochondrial membrane permeabilisation? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1079-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cao Z, Liu D, Zhang Q, Sun X, Li Y. Aluminum Chloride Induces Osteoblasts Apoptosis via Disrupting Calcium Homeostasis and Activating Ca(2+)/CaMKII Signal Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 169:247-53. [PMID: 26138010 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum promotes osteoblast (OB) apoptosis. Apoptosis is induced by the disordered calcium homeostasis. Therefore, to investigate the relationship between Al-induced OB apoptosis and calcium homeostasis, calvarium OBs from neonatal rats (3-4 days) were cultured and exposed to 0.048-mg/mL Al(3+) or 0.048-mg/mL Al(3+) combined with 5 μM BAPTA-AM (OBs were pretreated with 5 μM BAPTA-AM for 1 h, then added 0.048 mg/mL Al(3+)), respectively. Then OB apoptosis rate, intracellular calcium ions concentration ([Ca(2+)]i), mRNA expression level of calmodulin (CaM), and protein expression levels of CaM and p-CaMKII in OBs were examined. The result showed that AlCl3 increased OB apoptosis rate, and [Ca(2+)]i and p-CaMKII expression levels and decreased CaM expression levels, whereas BAPTA-AM relieved the effects. These results proved that AlCl3 induced OB apoptosis by disrupting the intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and activating the Ca(2+)/CaMKII signal pathway. Our findings can provide new insights for revealing the apoptosis mechanism of OBs exposed to AlCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China
- School Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xudong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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30
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Mesubi OO, Anderson ME. Atrial remodelling in atrial fibrillation: CaMKII as a nodal proarrhythmic signal. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 109:542-57. [PMID: 26762270 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CaMKII is a serine-threonine protein kinase that is abundant in myocardium. Emergent evidence suggests that CaMKII may play an important role in promoting atrial fibrillation (AF) by targeting a diverse array of proteins involved in membrane excitability, cell survival, calcium homeostasis, matrix remodelling, inflammation, and metabolism. Furthermore, CaMKII inhibition appears to protect against AF in animal models and correct proarrhythmic, defective intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in fibrillating human atrial cells. This review considers current concepts and evidence from animal and human studies on the role of CaMKII in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olurotimi O Mesubi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Suite 9026, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Suite 9026, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA Department of Physiology and the Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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31
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Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is crucial for excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Mitochondria, the major source of energy, in the form of ATP, required for cardiac contractility, are closely interconnected with the SR, and Ca2+ is essential for optimal function of these organelles. However, Ca2+ accumulation can impair mitochondrial function, leading to reduced ATP production and increased release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress contributes to heart failure (HF), but whether mitochondrial Ca2+ plays a mechanistic role in HF remains unresolved. Here, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that diastolic SR Ca2+ leak causes mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and dysfunction in a murine model of postmyocardial infarction HF. There are two forms of Ca2+ release channels on cardiac SR: type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s) and type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R2s). Using murine models harboring RyR2 mutations that either cause or inhibit SR Ca2+ leak, we found that leaky RyR2 channels result in mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, dysmorphology, and malfunction. In contrast, cardiac-specific deletion of IP3R2 had no major effect on mitochondrial fitness in HF. Moreover, genetic enhancement of mitochondrial antioxidant activity improved mitochondrial function and reduced posttranslational modifications of RyR2 macromolecular complex. Our data demonstrate that leaky RyR2, but not IP3R2, channels cause mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and dysfunction in HF.
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32
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Yeste M, Fernández-Novell JM, Ramió-Lluch L, Estrada E, Rocha LG, Cebrián-Pérez JA, Muiño-Blanco T, Concha II, Ramírez A, Rodríguez-Gil JE. Intracellular calcium movements of boar spermatozoa during 'in vitro' capacitation and subsequent acrosome exocytosis follow a multiple-storage place, extracellular calcium-dependent model. Andrology 2015; 3:729-47. [PMID: 26097097 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This work analysed intracellular calcium stores of boar spermatozoa subjected to 'in vitro' capacitation (IVC) and subsequent progesterone-induced acrosome exocytosis (IVAE). Intracellular calcium was analysed through two calcium markers with different physico-chemical properties, Fluo-3 and Rhod-5N. Indicative parameters of IVC and IVAE were also evaluated. Fluo-3 was located at both the midpiece and the whole head. Rhod-5N was present at the sperm head. This distribution did not change in any of the assayed conditions. Induction of IVC was concomitant with an increase in both head and midpiece Ca(2+) signals. Additionally, while IVC induction was concurrent with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in sperm membrane permeability, no significant changes were observed in O2 consumption and ATP levels. Incubation of boar spermatozoa in the absence of calcium showed a loss of both Ca(2+) labellings concomitantly with the sperm's inability to achieve IVC. The absence of extracellular calcium also induced a severe decrease in the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting high mitochondrial membrane potential (hMMP). The IVAE was accompanied by a fast increase in both Ca(2+) signalling in control spermatozoa. These peaks were either not detected or much lessened in the absence of calcium. Remarkably, Fluo-3 marking at the midpiece increased after progesterone addition to sperm cells incubated in a medium without Ca(2+) . The simultaneous addition of progesterone with the calcium chelant EGTA inhibited IVAE, and this was accompanied by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the intensity of progesterone Ca(2+) -induced peak, O2 consumption and ATP levels. Our results suggest that boar spermatozoa present different calcium deposits with a dynamic equilibrium among them and with the extracellular environment. Additionally, the modulation role of the intracellular calcium in spermatozoa function seems to rely on its precise localization in boar spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yeste
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.,Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - J M Fernández-Novell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Ramió-Lluch
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - E Estrada
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - L G Rocha
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
| | - J A Cebrián-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, IUCA, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza-IUCA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Muiño-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, IUCA, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza-IUCA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I I Concha
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology and Institute of Animal Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - A Ramírez
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology and Institute of Animal Science, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - J E Rodríguez-Gil
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
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Targeted disruption of PDE3B, but not PDE3A, protects murine heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2253-62. [PMID: 25877153 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1416230112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 3 (PDE3) has been reported to protect rodent heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, neither the specific PDE3 isoform involved nor the underlying mechanisms have been identified. Targeted disruption of PDE3 subfamily B (PDE3B), but not of PDE3 subfamily A (PDE3A), protected mouse heart from I/R injury in vivo and in vitro, with reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function. The cardioprotective effect in PDE3B(-/-) heart was reversed by blocking cAMP-dependent PKA and by paxilline, an inhibitor of mitochondrial calcium-activated K channels, the opening of which is potentiated by cAMP/PKA signaling. Compared with WT mitochondria, PDE3B(-/-) mitochondria were enriched in antiapoptotic Bcl-2, produced less reactive oxygen species, and more frequently contacted transverse tubules where PDE3B was localized with caveolin-3. Moreover, a PDE3B(-/-) mitochondrial fraction containing connexin-43 and caveolin-3 was more resistant to Ca(2+)-induced opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Proteomics analyses indicated that PDE3B(-/-) heart mitochondria fractions were enriched in buoyant ischemia-induced caveolin-3-enriched fractions (ICEFs) containing cardioprotective proteins. Accumulation of proteins into ICEFs was PKA dependent and was achieved by ischemic preconditioning or treatment of WT heart with the PDE3 inhibitor cilostamide. Taken together, these findings indicate that PDE3B deletion confers cardioprotective effects because of cAMP/PKA-induced preconditioning, which is associated with the accumulation of proteins with cardioprotective function in ICEFs. To our knowledge, our study is the first to define a role for PDE3B in cardioprotection against I/R injury and suggests PDE3B as a target for cardiovascular therapies.
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Tsuji Y, Ishikawa T, Makita N. Molecular mechanisms of heart failure progression associated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks for ventricular tachyarrhythmias. J Arrhythm 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joa.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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35
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An B, Chen Y, Li B, Qin G, Tian S. Ca(2+)-CaM regulating viability of Candida guilliermondii under oxidative stress by acting on detergent resistant membrane proteins. J Proteomics 2014; 109:38-49. [PMID: 24998432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in reducing viability of yeast cells. The Ca(2+)-CaM signaling pathways are involved in regulating the intracellular ROS level in yeast cells under stress. Detergent resistant membranes (DRMs), the sterol-rich microdomains, participate in a wide range of cellular processes including growth, trafficking and death in yeast cells. In the present study, we found that Trifluoperazine (TFP), an antagonist of CaM, could increase the viability of Candida guilliermondii cells under H2O2 stress. Based on comparative analysis of DRM sub proteomics, a total number of 29 differentially expressed protein spots were identified, among which 8 protein spots belong to the electron transport chain and 7 protein spots belong to transporters. It is suggested that TFP treatment could modulate the intracellular ROS generation in yeast cells. We additionally ascertained that TFP treatment could effectively alleviate the ROS accumulation and protein damage in C. guilliermondii cells under H2O2 stress, via investigating the intracellular ROS levels and protein oxidative damage in yeast cells. These findings firstly revealed that the Ca(2+)-CaM signaling pathway is related to the viability of yeast cells under H2O2 stress, and provide novel evidences for exploring Ca(2+)-CaM's role in regulating this viability via acting on DRM proteins. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), which are more resistant to extraction with cold non-ionic detergents, have been considered the functional microdomains in the plasma membrane. In yeast, DRMs are involved in a wide range of additional cellular processes including cell growth and death. The Ca(2+)-CaM signaling pathways could regulate the stress tolerance of yeast cells by modulating the intracellular ROS generation. In this study, we found that trifluoperazine (TFP), a calmodulin antagonist, could increase the viability of C. guilliermondii under H2O2 stress. Based on comparative analysis of DRM sub proteomics, electron transport chain proteins and transporters were identified to be associated with the Ca(2+)-CaM transduction. We proved that TFP treatment decreases the intracellular ROS accumulation and alleviates oxidative damage to cellular proteins. These results ascertain that Ca(2+)-CaM is involved in regulating the viability of C. guilliermondii under oxidative stress via acting on the DRM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang An
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Guozheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Shiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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36
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Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels has recently seen substantial progress, including the molecular identification of some of the channels. An integrative approach using genetics, electrophysiology, pharmacology, and cell biology to clarify the roles of these channels has thus become possible. It is by now clear that many of these channels are important for energy supply by the mitochondria and have a major impact on the fate of the entire cell as well. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the electrophysiological properties, molecular identity, and pathophysiological functions of the mitochondrial ion channels studied so far and to highlight possible therapeutic perspectives based on current information.
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37
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Toledo FD, Pérez LM, Basiglio CL, Ochoa JE, Sanchez Pozzi EJ, Roma MG. The Ca²⁺-calmodulin-Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signaling pathway is involved in oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1695-709. [PMID: 24614978 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a common event in most hepatopathies, leading to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) formation and further exacerbation of both OS from mitochondrial origin and cell death. Intracellular Ca²⁺ increase plays a permissive role in these events, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly known. We examined in primary cultured rat hepatocytes whether the Ca²⁺/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) signaling pathway is involved in this process, by using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) as a pro-oxidant, model compound. tBOOH (500 μM, 15 min) induced MPTP formation, as assessed by measuring mitochondrial membrane depolarization as a surrogate marker, and increased lipid peroxidation in a cyclosporin A (CsA)-sensitive manner, revealing the involvement of MPTPs in tBOOH-induced radical oxygen species (ROS) formation. Intracellular Ca²⁺ sequestration with BAPTA/AM, CaM blockage with W7 or trifluoperazine, and CaMKII inhibition with KN-62 all fully prevented tBOOH-induced MPTP opening and reduced tBOOH-induced lipid peroxidation to a similar extent to CsA, suggesting that Ca²⁺/CaM/CaMKII signaling pathway fully mediates MPTP-mediated mitochondrial ROS generation. tBOOH-induced apoptosis, as shown by flow cytometry of annexin V/propidium iodide, mitochondrial release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-3 and increase in the Bax-to-Bcl-xL ratio, and the Ca²⁺/CaM/CaMKII signaling antagonists fully prevented these effects. Intramitochondrial CaM and CaMKII were partially involved in tBOOH-induced MPTP formation, since W7 and KN-62 both attenuated the tBOOH-induced, MPTP-mediated swelling of isolated mitochondria. We concluded that Ca²⁺/CaM/CaMKII signaling pathway is a key mediator of OS-induced MPTP formation and the subsequent exacerbation of OS from mitochondrial origin and apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia D Toledo
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (IFISE), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
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38
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Chaperoning mitochondrial permeability transition: regulation of transition pore complex by a J-protein, DnaJC15. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1101. [PMID: 24603329 PMCID: PMC3973195 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have a central role in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and involve activation of several transmembrane channels leading to release of death factors. Reduced expression of a mitochondrial J-protein DnaJC15 was associated with the development of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. DnaJC15 was found to be a part of mitochondrial protein-transport machinery, though its connection with cell death mechanisms is still unclear. In the present study, we have provided evidence towards a novel function of DnaJC15 in regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) complex in normal and cancer cells. Overexpression of DnaJC15 resulted in MPTP opening and induction of apoptosis, whereas reduced amount of protein suppressed MPTP activation, upon cisplatin treatment. DnaJC15 was found to exert its proapoptotic function through the essential component of MPTP, cyclophilin D (CypD). Our results reveal a specific role of DnaJC15 in recruitment and coupling of CypD with mitochondrial permeability transition. In summary, our analysis provides first-time insights on the functional connection between mitochondrial inner membrane protein translocation machinery-associated J-protein DnaJC15 and regulation of cell death pathways.
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39
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Chang G, Zhang D, Liu J, Zhang P, Ye L, Lu K, Duan Q, Zheng A, Qin S. Exenatide protects against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis by improving mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:414-22. [PMID: 24586099 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214522177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues might exert the cardioprotective effects via attenuating apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the protective effects and mechanism of exenatide, a GLP-1 analogue, on cardiomyocyte apoptosis using an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). H9c2 cells were employed to establish an in vitro model of H/R. 200 nM exenatide pretreatment significantly reduced apoptosis measured by flow cytometry. To further study the antiapoptotic mechanism of exenatide, we used flow cytometry in combination with laser confocal microscopy to determine the interaction between exenatide and the process of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. We found that exenatide pretreatment reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and decreased the mitochondrial calcium overload caused by H/R. Furthermore, an increase of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) levels, a decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), a reduction of cytochrome-c release, a decline of cleaved caspase-3 expression, and caspase-3 activation were observed in exenatide-pretreated cultures. These results suggest that exenatide exerts a protective effect on preventing against H/R-induced apoptosis. Importantly, the protective effects of exenatide may be attributed to its role in improving mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
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40
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CaMKII oxidative activation and the pathogenesis of cardiac disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 73:112-6. [PMID: 24530899 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium and redox signaling both play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease; although how these signals are integrated in the heart remains unclear. One putative sensor for both calcium and oxidative stress in the heart is CaMKII, a calcium activated kinase that has recently been shown to also be regulated by oxidation. Oxidative activation of CaMKII occurs in several models of cardiac disease, including myocardial injury and inflammation, excessive neurohumoral activation, atrial fibrillation, and sinus node dysfunction. Additionally, oxidative activation of CaMKII is suggested in subcellular domains where calcium and ROS signaling intersect, such as mitochondria. This review describes the mechanism of activation of CaMKII by oxidation, the cardiac diseases where oxidized CaMKII has been identified, and suggests contexts where oxidized CaMKII is likely to play an important role. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Redox Signalling in the Cardiovascular System".
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41
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c-Abl Tyrosine Kinase Mediates Neurotoxic Prion Peptide-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis via Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 49:1102-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8646-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Zhu LJ, Klutho PJ, Scott JA, Xie L, Luczak ED, Dibbern ME, Prasad AM, Jaffer OA, Venema AN, Nguyen EK, Guan X, Anderson ME, Grumbach IM. Oxidative activation of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) regulates vascular smooth muscle migration and apoptosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 60:75-83. [PMID: 24418021 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. CaMKII can be directly activated by ROS through oxidation. In this study, we determined whether abolishing the oxidative activation site of CaMKII alters vascular smooth muscle cell (VCMC) proliferation, migration and apoptosis in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo. VSMC isolated from a knock-in mouse with oxidation-resistant CaMKIIδ (CaMKII M2V) displayed similar proliferation but decreased migration and apoptosis. Surprisingly, ROS production and expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits p47 and p22 were decreased in M2V VSMC, whereas superoxide dismutase 2 protein expression was upregulated. In vivo, after carotid artery ligation, no differences in neointimal size or remodeling were observed. In contrast to VSMC, CaMKII expression and autonomous activity were significantly higher in M2V compared to WT carotid arteries, suggesting that an autoregulatory mechanism determines CaMKII activity in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that preventing oxidative activation of CaMKII decreases migration and apoptosis in vitro and suggest that CaMKII regulates ROS production. Our study presents novel evidence that CaMKII expression in vivo is regulated by a negative feedback loop following oxidative activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | - Jason A Scott
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Litao Xie
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Omar A Jaffer
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | | | - Xiaoqun Guan
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States; Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Isabella M Grumbach
- Department of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States; Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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43
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Kumazawa A, Katoh H, Nonaka D, Watanabe T, Saotome M, Urushida T, Satoh H, Hayashi H. Microtubule Disorganization Affects the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore in Cardiac Myocytes. Circ J 2014; 78:1206-15. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azumi Kumazawa
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Hideki Katoh
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Daishi Nonaka
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Masao Saotome
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Tsuyoshi Urushida
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Hideharu Hayashi
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
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44
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Teshima Y, Takahashi N, Nishio S, Saito S, Kondo H, Fukui A, Aoki K, Yufu K, Nakagawa M, Saikawa T. Production of reactive oxygen species in the diabetic heart. Roles of mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Circ J 2013; 78:300-6. [PMID: 24334638 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main facilitators of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM), and the ROS level is increased in cultured cells exposed to high glucose concentrations or in diabetic animal models. Emerging evidence shows that mitochondria and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase are dominant mechanisms of ROS production in the diabetic heart. Hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane potentials and impaired mitochondrial function promote ROS production in the mitochondria of the diabetic heart. Uncoupling proteins are upregulated and may reduce the ROS level by depolarizing the mitochondrial inner membrane potential. NADPH oxidase is another major site of ROS production and its contribution to DM-induced ROS increase has been elucidated not only in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, but also in cardiomyocytes. Protein kinase C, angiotensin II, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)/receptor for AGEs can activate NADPH oxidase. Increased intracellular calcium level mediated via the Na(+)-H(+) exchanger and subsequent activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II may also activate NADPH oxidase. This review presents the current understanding of the mechanisms of ROS production, focusing especially on the roles of mitochondria and NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Teshima
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Examination, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
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45
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Abstract
Ca²⁺ plays a crucial role in connecting membrane excitability with contraction in myocardium. The hallmark features of heart failure are mechanical dysfunction and arrhythmias; defective intracellular Ca²⁺ homeostasis is a central cause of contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias in failing myocardium. Defective Ca²⁺ homeostasis in heart failure can result from pathological alteration in the expression and activity of an increasingly understood collection of Ca²⁺ homeostatic and structural proteins, ion channels, and enzymes. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of defective Ca²⁺ cycling in heart failure and considers how fundamental understanding of these pathways may translate into novel and innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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46
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Prell T, Lautenschläger J, Grosskreutz J. Calcium-dependent protein folding in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Calcium 2013; 54:132-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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47
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Redpath CJ, Bou Khalil M, Drozdzal G, Radisic M, McBride HM. Mitochondrial hyperfusion during oxidative stress is coupled to a dysregulation in calcium handling within a C2C12 cell model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69165. [PMID: 23861961 PMCID: PMC3704522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial Fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide harming millions of people every year. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) abruptly induces rapid conduction between atrial myocytes which is associated with oxidative stress and abnormal calcium handling. Unfortunately this new equilibrium promotes perpetuation of the arrhythmia. Recently, in addition to being the major source of oxidative stress within cells, mitochondria have been observed to fuse, forming mitochondrial networks and attach to intracellular calcium stores in response to cellular stress. We sought to identify a potential role for rapid stimulation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial hyperfusion in acute changes to myocyte calcium handling. In addition we hoped to link altered calcium handling to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-mitochondrial contacts, the so-called mitochondrial associated membrane (MAM). We selected the C2C12 murine myotube model as it has previously been successfully used to investigate mitochondrial dynamics and has a myofibrillar system similar to atrial myocytes. We observed that rapid stimulation of C2C12 cells resulted in mitochondrial hyperfusion and increased mitochondrial colocalisation with calcium stores. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission by transfection of mutant DRP1K38E resulted in similar effects on mitochondrial fusion, SR colocalisation and altered calcium handling. Interestingly the effects of 'forced fusion' were reversed by co-incubation with the reducing agent N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC). Subsequently we demonstrated that oxidative stress resulted in similar reversible increases in mitochondrial fusion, SR-colocalisation and altered calcium handling. Finally, we believe we have identified that myocyte calcium handling is reliant on baseline levels of reactive oxygen species as co-incubation with NAC both reversed and retarded myocyte response to caffeine induced calcium release and re-uptake. Based on these results we conclude that the coordinate regulation of mitochondrial fusion and MAM contacts may form a point source for stress-induced arrhythmogenesis. We believe that the MAM merits further investigation as a therapeutic target in AF-induced remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum J Redpath
- Cellular Electrophysiology Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Correll
- From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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49
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Boyman L, Williams GSB, Khananshvili D, Sekler I, Lederer WJ. NCLX: the mitochondrial sodium calcium exchanger. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 59:205-13. [PMID: 23538132 PMCID: PMC3951392 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The free Ca(2+) concentration within the mitochondrial matrix ([Ca(2+)]m) regulates the rate of ATP production and other [Ca(2+)]m sensitive processes. It is set by the balance between total Ca(2+) influx (through the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter (MCU) and any other influx pathways) and the total Ca(2+) efflux (by the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and any other efflux pathways). Here we review and analyze the experimental evidence reported over the past 40years which suggest that in the heart and many other mammalian tissues a putative Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger is the major pathway for Ca(2+) efflux from the mitochondrial matrix. We discuss those reports with respect to a recent discovery that the protein product of the human FLJ22233 gene mediates such Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Among its many functional similarities to other Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger proteins is a unique feature: it efficiently mediates Li(+)/Ca(2+) exchange (as well as Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange) and was therefore named NCLX. The discovery of NCLX provides both the identity of a novel protein and new molecular means of studying various unresolved quantitative aspects of mitochondrial Ca(2+) movement out of the matrix. Quantitative and qualitative features of NCLX are discussed as is the controversy regarding the stoichiometry of the NCLX Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange, the electrogenicity of NCLX, the [Na(+)]i dependency of NCLX and the magnitude of NCLX Ca(2+) efflux. Metabolic features attributable to NCLX and the physiological implication of the Ca(2+) efflux rate via NCLX during systole and diastole are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Boyman
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Dept. Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - George S. B. Williams
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Dept. Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110
| | - Daniel Khananshvili
- Sackler School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Israel Sekler
- Goldman Medical School, Dept. Biology & Neurobiology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - W. J. Lederer
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Dept. Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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50
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Dorn GW, Maack C. SR and mitochondria: Calcium cross-talk between kissing cousins. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 55:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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