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Pisani C, Onori A, Gabanella F, Iezzi S, De Angelis R, Fanciulli M, Colizza A, de Vincentiis M, Di Certo MG, Passananti C, Corbi N. HAX1 is a novel binding partner of Che-1/AATF. Implications in oxidative stress cell response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119587. [PMID: 37742722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is a multifunctional protein involved in the antagonism of apoptosis in cellular response to oxidative stress. In the present study we identified HAX1 as a novel binding partner for Che-1/AATF, a pro-survival factor which plays a crucial role in fundamental processes, including response to multiple stresses and apoptosis. HAX1 and Che-1 proteins show extensive colocalization in mitochondria and we demonstrated that their association is strengthened after oxidative stress stimuli. Interestingly, in MCF-7 cells, resembling luminal estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer, we found that Che-1 depletion correlates with decreased HAX1 mRNA and protein levels, and this event is not significantly affected by oxidative stress induction. Furthermore, we observed an enhancement of the previously reported interaction between HAX1 and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) upon H2O2 treatment. These results indicate the two anti-apoptotic proteins HAX1 and Che-1 as coordinated players in cellular response to oxidative stress with a potential role in estrogen sensitive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Pisani
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Onori
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gabanella
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta De Angelis
- ISPRA, Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Colizza
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco de Vincentiis
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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2
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Dai S, Min YQ, Li Q, Feng K, Jiang Z, Wang Z, Zhang C, Ren F, Fang Y, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Wang M, Wang H, Deng F, Ning YJ. Interactome profiling of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoproteins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7365. [PMID: 37963884 PMCID: PMC10646030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a biosafety level-4 pathogen requiring urgent research and development efforts. The glycoproteins of CCHFV, Gn and Gc, are considered to play multiple roles in the viral life cycle by interactions with host cells; however, these interactions remain largely unclear to date. Here, we analyzed the cellular interactomes of CCHFV glycoproteins and identified 45 host proteins as high-confidence Gn/Gc interactors. These host molecules are involved in multiple cellular biological processes potentially associated with the physiological actions of the viral glycoproteins. Then, we elucidated the role of a representative cellular protein, HAX1. HAX1 interacts with Gn by its C-terminus, while its N-terminal region leads to mitochondrial localization. By the strong interaction, HAX1 sequestrates Gn to mitochondria, thus depriving Gn of its normal Golgi localization that is required for functional glycoprotein-mediated progeny virion packaging. Consistently, the inhibitory activity of HAX1 against viral packaging and hence propagation was further elucidated in the contexts of pseudotyped and authentic CCHFV infections in cellular and animal models. Together, the findings provide a systematic CCHFV Gn/Gc-cell protein-protein interaction map, but also unravel a HAX1/mitochondrion-associated host antiviral mechanism, which may facilitate further studies on CCHFV biology and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yuan-Qin Min
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 101408, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Zhenyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 101408, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Cunhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Fuli Ren
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Yaohui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 101408, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 101408, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Manli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
| | - Fei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
| | - Yun-Jia Ning
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071/430207, China.
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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3
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Trębińska-Stryjewska A, Wakula M, Chmielarczyk M, Grzybowska EA. HAX1: A versatile, intrinsically disordered regulatory protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119538. [PMID: 37454914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
HAX1 is a relatively small, ubiquitously expressed, predominantly mitochondrial, intrinsically disordered protein. It has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, cell migration, calcium cycling, proteostasis, angiogenesis, autophagy and translation. A wide spectrum of functions, numerous interactions and still elusive molecular mechanisms of action make HAX1 an intriguing subject of research. Moreover, HAX1 is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases; its deficiency leads to neutropenia and its overexpression is associated with cancer. In this review we aim to describe the characteristics of HAX1 gene and protein, and comprehensively discuss its multiple functions, highlighting the emerging role of HAX1 in protection from stress and apoptosis through maintaining cellular proteostasis and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Wakula
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ewa A Grzybowska
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Anti-apoptotic HAX-1 suppresses cell apoptosis by promoting c-Abl kinase-involved ROS clearance. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:298. [PMID: 35379774 PMCID: PMC8979985 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The anti-apoptotic protein HAX-1 has been proposed to modulate mitochondrial membrane potential, calcium signaling and actin remodeling. HAX-1 mutation or deficiency results in severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), loss of lymphocytes and neurological impairments by largely unknown mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that the activation of c-Abl kinase in response to oxidative or genotoxic stress is dependent on HAX-1 association. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is inhibited by HAX-1-dependent c-Abl activation, which greatly contributes to the antiapoptotic role of HAX-1 in stress. HAX-1 (Q190X), a loss-of-function mutant responsible for SCN, fails to bind with and activate c-Abl, leading to dysregulated cellular ROS levels, damaged mitochondrial membrane potential and eventually apoptosis. The extensive apoptosis of lymphocytes and neurons in Hax-1-deficient mice could also be remarkably suppressed by c-Abl activation. These findings underline the important roles of ROS clearance in HAX-1-mediated anti-apoptosis by c-Abl kinase activation, providing new insight into the pathology and treatment of HAX-1-related hereditary disease or tumorigenesis.
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5
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Ning M, Li Y, Chen Z, Han P, Tang X, Zhang Y, Gao L. Role of haematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 gene in lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis of human dermal fibroblasts. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 30:34-44. [PMID: 34826355 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing may be disrupted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and excessive oxidative stress, which can lead to undesirable consequences. The haematopoietic cell-specific protein 1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a mitochondrial matrix protein that regulates mitochondrial function. This study aimed to comprehensively identify the role of HAX-1 in the inhibition of LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). HAX-1 expression was assessed in the HDF-a cell line using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. The viability, migration, and apoptosis of HDF-a cells were evaluated using the water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Mitochondrial function was evaluated based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Our results demonstrated that LPS stimulation markedly repressed HAX-1 expression in HDFs and silencing of HAX-1 led to mitochondrial ROS accumulation, ΔΨm disruption, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology. Accordingly, overexpression of HAX-1 or administration of metformin enhanced mitochondrial fusion and normalized mitochondrial dynamics, thereby reversing LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, fibroblast apoptosis, and viability and migration inhibition in HDF-a cells. These data support a mechanism wherein HAX-1 plays a crucial role in LPS-induced fibroblast apoptosis in a mitochondria-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ning
- Department of General Surgery, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanlong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shandong Electric Power Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Emergency, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaolan Tang
- College of Nursing, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Luan Gao
- Department of Emergency, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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6
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Doll L, Aghaallaei N, Dick AM, Welte K, Skokowa J, Bajoghli B. A zebrafish model for HAX1-associated congenital neutropenia. Haematologica 2021; 106:1311-1320. [PMID: 32327498 PMCID: PMC8094079 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.240200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia is a rare heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by an arrest of granulocyte maturation. Autosomal recessive mutations in the HAX1 gene are frequently detected in affected individuals. However, the precise role of HAX1 during neutrophil differentiation is poorly understood. To date, no reliable animal model has been established to study HAX1-associated congenital neutropenia. Here we show that knockdown of zebrafish hax1 impairs neutrophil development without affecting other myeloid cells and erythrocytes. Furthermore, we found that interference with Hax1 function decreases the expression level of key target genes of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway. The reduced neutrophil numbers in the morphants could be reversed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which is also the main therapeutic intervention for patients who have congenital neutropenia. Our results demonstrate that the zebrafish is a suitable model for HAX1-associated neutropenia. We anticipate that this model will serve as an in vivo platform to identify new avenues for developing tailored therapeutic strategies for patients with congenital neutropenia, particularly for those individuals who do not respond to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Doll
- Dept. of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Dept. of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Advaita M Dick
- Dept. of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- University Children Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Dept. of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajoghli
- Dept. of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
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7
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Choi HY, Park N, Lee B, Choe YI, Woo DK, Park JY, Yoo JC. CPNE1-mediated neuronal differentiation can be inhibited by HAX1 expression in HiB5 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:319-324. [PMID: 32958249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that CPNE1 induces neuronal differentiation and identified two binding proteins of CPNE1 (14-3-3γ and Jab1) as potential regulators of CPNE1-mediated neuronal differentiation in hippocampal progenitor cells. To better understand the cellular processes in which CPNE1 participates in neuronal differentiation, we here carried out a yeast two-hybrid screening to find another CPNE1 binding protein. Among the identified proteins, HCLS1-related protein X-1 (HAX1) directly interacts with CPNE1. Immunostaining experiments showed that a fraction of CPNE1 and HAX1 co-localized in the cytosol, particularly in the plasma membrane. In addition, the physical interaction as well as the specific binding regions between CPNE1 and HAX1 were confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, AKT phosphorylation, Tuj1 (neuronal marker protein) expression, and neurite outgrowth are all reduced in CPNE1/HAX1 overexpressing cells compared to CPNE1 only overexpressing HiB5 cells. Conversely, the HAX1 mutant that does not bind to CPNE1 was unable to inhibit the CPNE1-mediated neuronal differentiation. Together these results indicate that HAX1 is a binding partner of CPNE1 and CPNE1-mediated neuronal differentiation is negatively affected through the binding of HAX1, especially its N-terminal region, with CPNE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Choi
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Nammi Park
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Boah Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong In Choe
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyun Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Park
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Cheal Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Alogaili F, Chinnarasu S, Jaeschke A, Kranias EG, Hui DY. Hepatic HAX-1 inactivation prevents metabolic diseases by enhancing mitochondrial activity and bile salt export. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4631-4646. [PMID: 32079675 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing hepatic mitochondrial activity through pyruvate dehydrogenase and elevating enterohepatic bile acid recirculation are promising new approaches for metabolic disease therapy, but neither approach alone can completely ameliorate disease phenotype in high-fat diet-fed mice. This study showed that diet-induced hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance can be completely prevented in mice with liver-specific HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) inactivation. Mechanistically, we showed that HAX-1 interacts with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-1 (InsP3R1) in the liver, and its absence reduces InsP3R1 levels, thereby improving endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium homeostasis to prevent excess calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, HAX-1 ablation activates pyruvate dehydrogenase and increases mitochondria utilization of glucose and fatty acids to prevent hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. In contrast to the reduction of InsP3R1 levels, hepatic HAX-1 deficiency increases bile salt exporter protein levels, thereby promoting enterohepatic bile acid recirculation, leading to activation of bile acid-responsive genes in the intestinal ileum to augment insulin sensitivity and of cholesterol transport genes in the liver to suppress hyperlipidemia. The dual mechanisms of increased mitochondrial respiration and enterohepatic bile acid recirculation due to improvement of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium homeostasis with hepatic HAX-1 inactivation suggest that this may be a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Alogaili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Sivaprakasam Chinnarasu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
| | - Anja Jaeschke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - David Y Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
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9
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Sun Y, Chao JR, Xu W, Pourpak A, Boyd K, Moshiach S, Qi GY, Fu A, Shao HR, Pounds S, Morris SW. MLF1 is a proapoptotic antagonist of HOP complex-mediated survival. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:719-727. [PMID: 28137643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the HAX1/HtrA2-OMI/PARL (HOP) mitochondrial protein complex, anti-apoptotic signals are generated by cleavage and activation of the serine protease HtrA2/OMI by the rhomboid protease PARL upon recruitment of both proteases to inner mitochondrial membrane protein HAX1 (HS1-associated protein X-1). Here we report the negative regulation of the HOP complex by human leukemia-associated myeloid leukemia factor 1 (MLF1). We demonstrate that MLF1 physically and functionally associates with HAX1 and HtrA2. Increased interaction of MLF1 with HAX1 and HtrA2 displaces HtrA2 from the HOP complex and inhibits HtrA2 cleavage and activation, resulting in the apoptotic cell death. Conversely, over-expressed HAX1 neutralizes MLF1's effect and inhibits MLF1-induced apoptosis. Importantly, Mlf1 deletion reverses B- and T-cell lymphopenia and significantly ameliorates the progressive striatal and cerebellar neurodegeneration observed in Hax1-/- mice, with a doubling of the lifespan of Mlf1-/-/Hax1-/- animals compared to Hax1-/- animals. Collectively, these data indicate that MLF1 serves as a proapoptotic antagonist that interacts with the HOP mitochondrial complex to modulate cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Oncology, ShiJiaZhuangShi First Hospital, 36 FanXiLu, ShiJiaZhuangShi, Hebei 050011, PR China; Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
| | - Jyh-Rong Chao
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Alan Pourpak
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Kelli Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Simon Moshiach
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Guo-Yan Qi
- Department of Oncology, ShiJiaZhuangShi First Hospital, 36 FanXiLu, ShiJiaZhuangShi, Hebei 050011, PR China
| | - Amina Fu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Hua-Rong Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, ShiJiaZhuangShi First Hospital, 36 FanXiLu, ShiJiaZhuangShi, Hebei 050011, PR China
| | - Stanley Pounds
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Stephan W Morris
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
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10
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Kostmann’s Disease and HCLS1-Associated Protein X-1 (HAX1). J Clin Immunol 2016; 37:117-122. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Hirasaka K, Mills EM, Haruna M, Bando A, Ikeda C, Abe T, Kohno S, Nowinski SM, Lago CU, Akagi KI, Tochio H, Ohno A, Teshima-Kondo S, Okumura Y, Nikawa T. UCP3 is associated with Hax-1 in mitochondria in the presence of calcium ion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 472:108-13. [PMID: 26915802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is known to regulate energy dissipation, proton leakage, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative stress. To identify the putative protein regulators of UCP3, we performed yeast two-hybrid screens. Here we report that UCP3 interacted with HS-1 associated protein X-1 (Hax-1), an anti-apoptotic protein that was localized in the mitochondria, and is involved in cellular responses to Ca(2+). The hydrophilic sequences within loop 2, and the matrix-localized hydrophilic domain of mouse UCP3, were necessary for binding to Hax-1 at the C-terminal domain, adjacent to the mitochondrial inner membrane. Interestingly, interaction of these proteins occurred in a calcium-dependent manner. Moreover, the NMR spectrum of the C-terminal domain of Hax-1 was dramatically changed by removal of Ca(2+), suggesting that the C-terminal domain of Hax-1 underwent a Ca(2+)-induced conformational change. In the Ca(2+)-free state, the C-terminal Hax-1 tended to unfold, suggesting that Ca(2+) binding may induce protein folding of the Hax-1 C-terminus. These results suggested that the UCP3-Hax-1 complex may regulate mitochondrial functional changes caused by mitochondrial Ca(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Hirasaka
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Edward M Mills
- Division of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Marie Haruna
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aki Bando
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chika Ikeda
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Abe
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shohei Kohno
- Division of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sara M Nowinski
- Division of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Cory U Lago
- Translational Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Akagi
- Section of Laboratory Equipment, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidehito Tochio
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Ohno
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shigetada Teshima-Kondo
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuushi Okumura
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Sagami Woman's University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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Qian L, Bradford AM, Cooke PH, Lyons BA. Grb7 and Hax1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in EGF-treated SKBR3 cells and their interaction can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:318-33. [PMID: 26869103 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (Grb7) is a signal-transducing adaptor protein that mediates specific protein-protein interactions in multiple signaling pathways. Grb7, with Grb10 and Grb14, is members of the Grb7 protein family. The topology of the Grb7 family members contains several protein-binding domains that facilitate the formation of protein complexes, and high signal transduction efficiency. Grb7 has been found overexpressed in several types of cancers and cancer cell lines and is presumed involved in cancer progression through promotion of cell proliferation and migration via interactions with the erythroblastosis oncogene B 2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) receptor, focal adhesion kinase, Ras-GTPases, and other signaling partners. We previously reported Grb7 binds to Hax1 (HS1 associated protein X1) isoform 1, an anti-apoptotic protein also involved in cell proliferation and calcium homeostasis. In this study, we confirm that the in vitro Grb7/Hax1 interaction is exclusive to these two proteins and their interaction does not depend on Grb7 dimerization state. In addition, we report Grb7 and Hax1 isoform 1 may colocalize partially to mitochondria in epidermal growth factor-treated SKBR3 cells and growth conditions can affect this colocalization. Moreover, Grb7 can affect Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1 in vitro, and Grb7 expression may slow Caspase3 cleavage of Hax1 isoform 1 in apoptotic HeLa cells. Finally, Grb7 is shown to increase cell viability in apoptotic HeLa cells in a time-dependent manner. Taken together, these discoveries provide clues for the role of a Grb7/Hax1 protein interaction in apoptosis pathways involving Hax1. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Andrew M Bradford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Peter H Cooke
- Core University Research Resources Laboratory, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
| | - Barbara A Lyons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA
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Lam CK, Zhao W, Liu GS, Cai WF, Gardner G, Adly G, Kranias EG. HAX-1 regulates cyclophilin-D levels and mitochondria permeability transition pore in the heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E6466-75. [PMID: 26553996 PMCID: PMC4664353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508760112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The major underpinning of massive cell death associated with myocardial infarction involves opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), resulting in disruption of mitochondria membrane integrity and programmed necrosis. Studies in human lymphocytes suggested that the hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is linked to regulation of mitochondrial membrane function, but its role in controlling mPTP activity remains obscure. Herein we used models with altered HAX-1 expression levels in the heart and uncovered an unexpected role of HAX-1 in regulation of mPTP and cardiomyocyte survival. Cardiac-specific HAX-1 overexpression was associated with resistance against loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced by oxidative stress, whereas HAX-1 heterozygous deficiency exacerbated vulnerability. The protective effects of HAX-1 were attributed to specific down-regulation of cyclophilin-D levels leading to reduction in mPTP activation. Accordingly, cyclophilin-D and mPTP were increased in heterozygous hearts, but genetic ablation of cyclophilin-D in these hearts significantly alleviated their susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, alterations in cyclophilin-D levels by HAX-1 were contributed by the ubiquitin-proteosomal degradation pathway. HAX-1 overexpression enhanced cyclophilin-D ubiquitination, whereas proteosomal inhibition restored cyclophilin-D levels. The regulatory effects of HAX-1 were mediated through interference of cyclophilin-D binding to heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) in mitochondria, rendering it susceptible to degradation. Accordingly, enhanced Hsp90 expression in HAX-1 overexpressing cardiomyocytes increased cyclophilin-D levels, as well as mPTP activation upon oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings reveal the role of HAX-1 in regulating cyclophilin-D levels via an Hsp90-dependent mechanism, resulting in protection against activation of mPTP and subsequent cell death responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - George Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - George Adly
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575
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SERCA2 Haploinsufficiency in a Mouse Model of Darier Disease Causes a Selective Predisposition to Heart Failure. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:251598. [PMID: 26064889 PMCID: PMC4433638 DOI: 10.1155/2015/251598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Null mutations in one copy of ATP2A2, the gene encoding sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2), cause Darier disease in humans, a skin condition involving keratinocytes. Cardiac function appears to be unimpaired in Darier disease patients, with no evidence that SERCA2 haploinsufficiency itself causes heart disease. However, SERCA2 deficiency is widely considered a contributing factor in heart failure. We therefore analyzed Atp2a2 heterozygous mice to determine whether SERCA2 haploinsufficiency can exacerbate specific heart disease conditions. Despite reduced SERCA2a levels in heart, Atp2a2 heterozygous mice resembled humans in exhibiting normal cardiac physiology. When subjected to hypothyroidism or crossed with a transgenic model of reduced myofibrillar Ca(2+)-sensitivity, SERCA2 deficiency caused no enhancement of the disease state. However, when combined with a transgenic model of increased myofibrillar Ca(2+)-sensitivity, SERCA2 haploinsufficiency caused rapid onset of hypertrophy, decompensation, and death. These effects were associated with reduced expression of the antiapoptotic Hax1, increased levels of the proapoptotic genes Chop and Casp12, and evidence of perturbations in energy metabolism. These data reveal myofibrillar Ca(2+)-sensitivity to be an important determinant of the cardiac effects of SERCA2 haploinsufficiency and raise the possibility that Darier disease patients are more susceptible to heart failure under certain conditions.
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15
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Bcl-2 family in inter-organelle modulation of calcium signaling; roles in bioenergetics and cell survival. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:1-15. [PMID: 24078116 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-013-9527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 family proteins, known for their apoptosis functioning at the mitochondria, have been shown to localize to other cellular compartments to mediate calcium (Ca2+) signals. Since the proper supply of Ca2+ in cells serves as an important mechanism for cellular survival and bioenergetics, we propose an integrating role for Bcl-2 family proteins in modulating Ca2+ signaling. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main Ca2+ storage for the cell and Bcl-2 family proteins competitively regulate its Ca2+ concentration. Bcl-2 family proteins also regulate the flux of Ca2+ from the ER by physically interacting with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) to mediate their opening. Type 1 IP3Rs reside at the bulk ER to coordinate cytosolic Ca2+ signals, while type 3 IP3Rs reside at mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) to facilitate mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. In healthy cells, mitochondrial Ca2+ drives pyruvate into the citric acid (TCA) cycle to facilitate ATP production, while a continuous accumulation of Ca2+ can trigger the release of cytochrome c, thus initiating apoptosis. Since multiple organelles and Bcl-2 family proteins are involved in Ca2+ signaling, we aim to clarify the role that Bcl-2 family proteins play in facilitating Ca2+ signaling and how mitochondrial Ca2+ is relevant in both bioenergetics and apoptosis. We also explore how these insights could be useful in controlling bioenergetics in apoptosis-resistant cell lines.
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Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of myocardial dysfunction in the setting of congestive heart failure have created a new opportunity in developing nonpharmacological approaches to treatment. Gene therapy has emerged as a powerful tool in targeting the molecular mechanisms of disease by preventing the ventricular remodeling and improving bioenergetics in heart failure. Refinements in vector technology, including the creation of recombinant adeno-associated viruses, have allowed for safe and efficient gene transfer. These advancements have been coupled with evolving delivery methods that include vascular, pericardial, and direct myocardial approaches. One of the most promising targets, SERCA2a, is currently being used in clinical trials. The recent success of the Calcium Upregulation by Percutaneous Administration of Gene Therapy in Cardiac Disease phase 2 trials using adeno-associated virus 1-SERCA2a in improving outcomes highlights the importance of gene therapy as a future tool in treating congestive heart failure.
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Koontz J, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A. Competition through dimerization between antiapoptotic and proapoptotic HS-1-associated protein X-1 (Hax-1). J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3468-77. [PMID: 24347163 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.536151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on Hax-1 have mainly focused on variant (v) 1, demonstrating its antiapoptotic properties. However, HAX1 is heavily spliced, generating structurally distinct isoforms. We sought to characterize the Hax-1 isoforms expressed in rat heart before and after insult. We confirmed the presence of at least four Hax-1 transcripts in healthy rat cardiac muscle. These exhibited differential expression before and after induction of myocardial infarction, with v2 being up-regulated 12-fold at the transcript level and 1.5-fold at the protein level post-insult. Contrary to antiapoptotic rat and human v1, overexpression of rat v2 or human v4 (the human homologue of rat v2) in epithelial cells exacerbated cell death by 30% following H2O2 treatment compared with control vector. Coexpression of rat v1 and v2 or human v1 and v4 neutralized the protective effects of rat and human v1 and the proapoptotic effects of rat v2 and human v4 by modulating cytochrome c release. This is, at least partly, mediated by the ability of Hax-1 proteins to form homotypic and heterotypic dimers with binding affinities ranging from ~3.8 nm for v1 dimers to ~97 nm for v1/v2 dimers. The minimal binding region supporting these interactions lies between amino acids 97-278, which are shared by nearly all Hax-1 proteins, indicating that additional factors regulate the preferential formation of Hax-1 homo- or heterodimers. Our studies are the first to show that Hax-1 is a family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators that may modulate cell survival and death through homo- or heterodimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Koontz
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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Lam CK, Zhao W, Cai W, Vafiadaki E, Florea SM, Ren X, Liu Y, Robbins N, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Jiang M, Rubinstein J, Jones WK, Kranias EG. Novel role of HAX-1 in ischemic injury protection involvement of heat shock protein 90. Circ Res 2012; 112:79-89. [PMID: 22982986 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.279935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ischemic heart disease is characterized by contractile dysfunction and increased cardiomyocyte death, induced by necrosis and apoptosis. Increased cell survival after an ischemic insult is critical and depends on several cellular pathways, which have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the anti-apoptotic hematopoietic lineage substrate-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1), recently identified as regulator of cardiac Ca cycling, also may ameliorate cellular injury with an ischemic insult. METHODS AND RESULTS We report that cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with significant decreases in HAX-1 levels ex vivo and in vivo. Accordingly, overexpression of HAX-1 improved contractile recovery, coupled with reduced infarct size, plasma troponin I level, and apoptosis. The beneficial effects were associated with decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response through specific inhibition of the inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE-1) signaling pathway, including its downstream effectors caspase-12 and the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein. Conversely, HAX-1 heterozygous-deficient hearts exhibited increases in infarct size and IRE-1 activity. The inhibitory effects of HAX-1 were mediated by its binding to the N-terminal fragment of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Moreover, HAX-1 sequestered Hsp90 from IRE-1 to the phospholamban-sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase complex. The HAX-1 regulation was further supported by loss of IRE-1 inhibition in presence of the Hsp90 inhibitor, 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with decreases in HAX-1 levels. Consequently, overexpression of HAX-1 promotes cardiomyocyte survival, mediated by its interaction with Hsp90 and specific inhibition of IRE-1 signaling at the ER/sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Abstract
Heart disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in the Western world. Current therapies aim at treating the symptoms rather than the subcellular mechanisms, underlying the etiology and pathological remodeling in heart failure. A universal characteristic, contributing to the decreased contractile performance in human and experimental failing hearts, is impaired calcium sequestration into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). SR calcium uptake is mediated by a Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2), whose activity is reversibly regulated by phospholamban (PLN). Dephosphorylated PLN is an inhibitor of SERCA and phosphorylation of PLN relieves this inhibition. However, the initial simple view of a PLN/SERCA regulatory complex has been modified by our recent identification of SUMO, S100 and the histidine-rich Ca-binding protein as regulators of SERCA activity. In addition, PLN activity is regulated by 2 phosphoproteins, the inhibitor-1 of protein phosphatase 1 and the small heat shock protein 20, which affect the overall SERCA-mediated Ca-transport. This review will highlight the regulatory mechanisms of cardiac contractility by the multimeric SERCA/PLN-ensemble and the potential for new therapeutic avenues targeting this complex by using small molecules and gene transfer methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA.
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20
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Yap SV, Koontz JM, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A. HAX-1: A family of apoptotic regulators in health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2752-61. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Simmen T. Hax-1: a regulator of calcium signaling and apoptosis progression with multiple roles in human disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2011; 15:741-51. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.561787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Myosin binding protein-C slow: an intricate subfamily of proteins. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:652065. [PMID: 20396395 PMCID: PMC2852610 DOI: 10.1155/2010/652065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosin binding protein C (MyBP-C) consists of a family of thick filament associated proteins. Three isoforms of MyBP-C exist in striated muscles: cardiac, slow skeletal, and fast skeletal. To date, most studies have focused on the cardiac form, due to its direct involvement in the development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Here we focus on the slow skeletal form, discuss past and current literature, and present evidence to support that: (i) MyBP-C slow comprises a subfamily of four proteins, resulting from complex alternative shuffling of the single MyBP-C slow gene, (ii) the four MyBP-C slow isoforms are expressed in variable amounts in different skeletal muscles, (iii) at least one MyBP-C slow isoform is preferentially found at the periphery of M-bands and (iv) the MyBP-C slow subfamily may play important roles in the assembly and stabilization of sarcomeric M- and A-bands and regulate the contractile properties of the actomyosin filaments.
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