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Chen HS, van Roon L, Schoones J, Zeppenfeld K, DeRuiter MC, Jongbloed MRM. Cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation after myocardial infarction: a systematic review and qualitative analysis. Ann Med 2023; 55:2283195. [PMID: 38065671 PMCID: PMC10836288 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2283195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation after myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with arrhythmogenesis and sudden cardiac death. The characteristics of cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation remain underexposed. OBJECTIVE To provide a systematic review on cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation after MI, taking into account: (1) definition, experimental model and quantification method and (2) location, amount and timing, in order to obtain an overview of current knowledge and to expose gaps in literature. METHODS References on cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation were screened for inclusion. The included studies received a full-text review and quality appraisal. Relevant data on hyperinnervation were collected and qualitatively analysed. RESULTS Our literature search identified 60 eligible studies performed between 2000 and 2022. Cardiac hyperinnervation is generally defined as an increased sympathetic nerve density or increased number of nerves compared to another control group (100%). Studies were performed in a multitude of experimental models, but most commonly in male rats with permanent left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation (male: 63%, rat: 68%, permanent ligation: 93%, LAD: 97%). Hyperinnervation seems to occur mainly in the borderzone. Quantification after MI was performed in regions of interest in µm2/mm2 (41%) or in percentage of nerve fibres (46%) and the reported amount showed a great variation ranging from 439 to 126,718 µm2/mm2. Hyperinnervation seems to start from three days onwards to >3 months without an evident peak, although studies on structural evaluation over time and in the chronic phase were scarce. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation after MI occurs mainly in the borderzone from three days onwards and remains present at later timepoints, for at least 3 months. It is most commonly studied in male rats with permanent LAD ligation. The amount of hyperinnervation differs greatly between studies, possibly due to differential quantification methods. Further studies are required that evaluate cardiac sympathetic hyperinnervation over time and in the chronic phase, in transmural sections, in the female sex, and in MI with reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Sophia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Congenital Heart Disease Amsterdam Leiden (CAHAL), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke van Roon
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Schoones
- Dictorate of Research Policy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Zeppenfeld
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Congenital Heart Disease Amsterdam Leiden (CAHAL), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco C. DeRuiter
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique R. M. Jongbloed
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Congenital Heart Disease Amsterdam Leiden (CAHAL), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Correia CD, Ferreira A, Fernandes MT, Silva BM, Esteves F, Leitão HS, Bragança J, Calado SM. Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications-Are We on the Road to Success? Cells 2023; 12:1727. [PMID: 37443761 PMCID: PMC10341347 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatments to improve patient outcomes. Therapies based on adult stem cells (ASCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as promising strategies to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue and restore cardiac function. Moreover, the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine applications, with fewer ethical concerns than those associated with ESCs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the application of human pluripotent stem cells in CVD research and clinics. We describe the types and sources of stem cells that have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of CVDs as well as the applications of pluripotent stem-cell-derived in vitro systems to mimic disease phenotypes. How human stem-cell-based in vitro systems can overcome the limitations of current toxicological studies is also discussed. Finally, the current state of clinical trials involving stem-cell-based approaches to treat CVDs are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses are critically discussed to assess whether researchers and clinicians are getting closer to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia D. Correia
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Anita Ferreira
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara M. Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia M. Calado
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.D.C.); (A.F.); (M.T.F.); (B.M.S.); (F.E.); (H.S.L.); (J.B.)
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Correia CD, Ferreira A, Fernandes MT, Silva BM, Esteves F, Leitão HS, Bragança J, Calado SM. Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications—Are We on the Road to Success? Cells 2023; 12:1727. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/cells12131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatments to improve patient outcomes. Therapies based on adult stem cells (ASCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as promising strategies to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue and restore cardiac function. Moreover, the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine applications, with fewer ethical concerns than those associated with ESCs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the application of human pluripotent stem cells in CVD research and clinics. We describe the types and sources of stem cells that have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of CVDs as well as the applications of pluripotent stem-cell-derived in vitro systems to mimic disease phenotypes. How human stem-cell-based in vitro systems can overcome the limitations of current toxicological studies is also discussed. Finally, the current state of clinical trials involving stem-cell-based approaches to treat CVDs are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses are critically discussed to assess whether researchers and clinicians are getting closer to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia D. Correia
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Anita Ferreira
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mónica T. Fernandes
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- School of Health, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bárbara M. Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Helena S. Leitão
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia M. Calado
- Algarve Biomedical Center Research Institute (ABC-RI), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve—Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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LEE TM, LEE CC, HARN HJ, Chiou TW, CHUANG MH, CHEN CH, CHUANG CH, LIN PC, LIN SZ. Intramyocardial injection of human adipose-derived stem cells ameliorates cognitive deficit by regulating oxidative stress-mediated hippocampal damage after myocardial infarction. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1815-1827. [PMID: 34633469 PMCID: PMC8599314 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a serious side effect of post-myocardial infarction (MI) course. We have recently demonstrated that human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) ameliorated myocardial injury after MI by attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Here, we studied whether the beneficial effects of intramyocardial hADSC transplantation can extend to the brain and how they may attenuate cognitive dysfunction via modulating ROS after MI. After coronary ligation, male Wistar rats were randomized via an intramyocardial route to receive either vehicle, hADSC transplantation (1 × 106 cells), or the combination of hADSCs and 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, a peroxynitrite donor). Whether hADSCs migrated into the hippocampus was assessed by using human-specific primers in qPCR reactions. Passive avoidance test was used to assess cognitive performance. Postinfarction was associated with increased oxidative stress in the myocardium, circulation, and hippocampus. This was coupled with decreased numbers of dendritic spines as well as a significant downregulation of synaptic plasticity consisting of synaptophysin and PSD95. Step-through latency during passive avoidance test was impaired in vehicle-treated rats after MI. Intramyocardial hADSC injection exerted therapeutic benefits in improving cardiac function and cognitive impairment. None of hADSCs was detected in rat's hippocampus at the 3rd day after intramyocardial injection. The beneficial effects of hADSCs on MI-induced histological and cognitive changes were abolished after adding SIN-1. MI-induced ROS attacked the hippocampus to induce neurodegeneration, resulting in cognitive deficit. The remotely intramyocardial administration of hADSCs has the capacity of improved synaptic neuroplasticity in the hippocampus mediated by ROS, not the cell engraftment, after MI. KEY MESSAGES: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) ameliorated injury after myocardial infarction by attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Intramyocardial administration of hADSCs remotely exerted therapeutic benefits in improving cognitive impairment after myocardial infarction. The improved synaptic neuroplasticity in the hippocampus was mediated by hADSC-inhibiting ROS, not by the stem cell engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Horng-Jyh HARN
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi CHUANG
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng LIN
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong LIN
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, No.707, Sec. 3, Chung Yang Rd. 970, Hualien, Taiwan
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Lee C, Wu D, Chen S, Lin Y, Lee T. Exercise intensities modulate cognitive function in spontaneously hypertensive rats through oxidative mediated synaptic plasticity in hippocampus. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8546-8557. [PMID: 34328702 PMCID: PMC8419173 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage in the brain may lead to cognitive impairments. There was considerable debate regarding the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive functions because exercise protocols have varied widely across studies. We investigated whether different exercise intensities alter performance on cognitive tasks. The experiment was performed on spontaneously hypertensive rats (6 months at the established phase of hypertension) distributed into 3 groups: sedentary, low-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise. Systolic blood pressure measurements confirmed hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In comparison to normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats, sedentary spontaneously hypertensive rats had similar escape latencies and a similar preference for the correct quadrant in the probe trial. Compared to the sedentary group, the low-intensity exercise group had significantly better improvements in spatial memory assessed by Morris water maze. Low-intensity exercise was associated with attenuated reactive oxygen species, as measured by dihydroethidine fluorescence and nitrotyrosine staining in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This was coupled with increased numbers of neurons and dendritic spines as well as a significant upregulation of synaptic density. In contrast, the beneficial effects of low-intensity exercise are abolished in high-intensity exercise as shown by increased free radical levels and an impairment in spatial memory. We concluded that exercise is an effective strategy to improve spatial memory in spontaneously hypertensive rats even at an established phase of hypertension. Low-intensity exercise exhibited better improvement on cognitive deficits than high-intensity exercise by attenuating free radical levels and improving downstream synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De‐Yu Wu
- Catholic Sheng Kung Girls’ High SchoolTainanTaiwan
| | - Syue‐yi Chen
- Cardiovascular InstituteAn Nan HospitalChina Medical UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Pin Lin
- Department of NeurologyAn Nan HospitalChina Medical UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Tsung‐Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular InstituteAn Nan HospitalChina Medical UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Department of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Lee CC, Chen WT, Chen SY, Lee TM. Dapagliflozin attenuates arrhythmic vulnerabilities by regulating connexin43 expression via the AMPK pathway in post-infarcted rat hearts. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114674. [PMID: 34252408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor, attenuates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Connexin43 playing a role in ventricular arrhythmia is sensitive to redox status. No data are available on the effects of dapagliflozin on arrhythmogenesis. This study was to determine whether dapagliflozin attenuated arrhythmias through modulating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/free radicals-induced connexin43 after myocardial infarction. After coronary ligation, normoglycemic male Wistar rats were randomized to either vehicle or dapagliflozin (0.1 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks. Myocardial ROS levels were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and connexin43 levels were substantially decreased after myocardial infarction (p < 0.05). Dapagliflozin administration was associated with increased SGLT1, attenuated ROS and increased connexin43 levels in myocardium (all p < 0.05). During programmed electrical stimulation, arrhythmic severity was significantly improved in the dapagliflozin-treated infarcted rats than those in the vehicle-treated infarcted rats (p < 0.05). Dapagliflozin significantly increased AMPK phosphorylation compared to vehicle after infarction (p < 0.05). Inhibition of AMPK signaling by SBI-0206965 prevented increased SGLT1 and blocked the effects of dapagliflozin on attenuated ROS levels and increased connexin43 phosphorylation (all p < 0.05). SGLT1 inhibited by KGA-2727 showed attenuated ROS levels and increased connexin43 phosphorylation (both p < 0.05) although AMPK phosphorylation was not changed, implying SGLT1 activation was mediated by AMPK in dapagliflozin-treated hearts. Dapagliflozin-treated hearts had significantly increased connexin43 phosphorylation (p < 0.05), which was significantly decreased after adding 3-morpholinosydnonimine (p < 0.05). These data indicate that clinically-relevant dapagliflozin concentrations decreased free radicals content and increased connexin43 levels through AMPK-dependent and SGLT1-independent mechanisms, which attenuated ventricular arrhythmias in the normoglycemic infarcted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Yi Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lee CC, Chen WT, Chen SY, Lee TM. Taurine Alleviates Sympathetic Innervation by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome in Postinfarcted Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 77:745-755. [PMID: 34057159 PMCID: PMC8274585 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by myocardial infarction and then induces the activation of inflammatory caspase-1 activation and maturation of IL-1β, a regulator of synthesis of the nerve growth factor (NGF). Here, we studied whether taurine, 2-aminoethanesulphonic acid, can attenuate cardiac sympathetic reinnervation by modulating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated NGF in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Male Wistar rats were subjected to coronary ligation and then randomized to either saline or taurine for 3 days or 4 weeks. Postinfarction was associated with activation of NF-κB (p65) and NLRP3 inflammasome component and increased the protein and expression of IL-1β. Macrophages at the border zone were shown to be positive for IL-1β 3 days postinfarction. Compared with vehicle, infarcted rats treated with taurine significantly attenuated myocardial messenger RNA and protein levels of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, mature caspase-1, and IL-1β. Immunofluorescent analysis, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting of NGF showed that sympathetic hyperinnervation was blunted after administering taurine. Arrhythmia vulnerability in the taurine-treated infarcted rats was significantly improved than those in vehicle. Ex vivo studies showed that taurine infusion reduced myocardial IL-1β level at the extent similar to either pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or CP-456,773, inhibitors of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome, implying the key axis of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome in mediating taurine-related anti-inflammation. Furthermore, administration of anti-IL-1β antibody reduced NGF levels. Taurine attenuated sympathetic innervation mainly by NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β-dependent pathway, which downregulated expression of NGF in infarcted rats. These findings may provide a new insight into the anti-inflammation effect of taurine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
| | - Syue-yi Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
| | - Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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The preconditioning of lithium promotes mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for the degenerated intervertebral disc via upregulating cellular ROS. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:239. [PMID: 33853670 PMCID: PMC8048279 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) is one of the most widely used candidate cell for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration-related disease. However, the poor survival and low differentiation efficacy in stressed host microenvironment limit the therapeutic effects of ADSC-based therapy. The preconditioning has been found effective to boost the proliferation and the functioning of stem cells in varying pathological condition. Lithium is a common anti-depression drug and has been proved effective to enhance stem cell functioning. In this study, the effects of preconditioning using LiCl on the cellular behavior of ADSC was investigated, and specially in a degenerative IVD-like condition. Method The cellular toxicity on rat ADSC was assessed by detecting lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production after treatment with a varying concentration of lithium chloride (LiCl). The proliferative capacity of ADSC was determined by detecting Ki67 expression and the relative cell number of ADSC. Then, the preconditioned ADSC was challenged by a degenerative IVD-like condition. And the cell viability as well as the nucleus pulpous (NP) cell differentiation efficacy of preconditioned ADSC was evaluated by detecting the major marker expression and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposit. The therapeutic effects of preconditioned ADSC were evaluated using an IVD degeneration rat model, and the NP morphology and ECM content were assessed. Results A concentration range of 1–10 mmol/L of LiCl was applied in the following study, since a higher concentration of LiCl causes a major cell death (about 40%). The relative cell number was similar between preconditioned groups and the control group after preconditioning. The Ki67 expression was elevated after preconditioning. Consistently, the preconditioned ADSC showed stronger proliferation capacity. Besides, the preconditioned groups exhibit higher expression of NP markers than the control group after NP cell induction. Moreover, the preconditioning of LiCl reduced the cell death and promoted ECM deposits, when challenged with a degenerative IVD-like culture. Mechanically, the preconditioning of LiCl induced an increased cellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) level and activation of ERK1/2, which was found closely related to the enhanced cell survival and ECM deposits after preconditioning. The treatment with preconditioned ADSC showed better therapeutic effects than control ADSC transplantation, with better NP preservation and ECM deposits. Conclusion These results suggest that the preconditioning with a medium level of LiCl boosts the cell proliferation and differentiation efficacy under a normal or hostile culture condition via the activation of cellular ROS/ERK axis. It is a promising pre-treatment of ADSC to promote the cell functioning and the following regenerative capacity, with superior therapeutic effects than untreated ADSC transplantation.
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Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Host pre-conditioning improves human adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in ageing rats after myocardial infarction: Role of NLRP3 inflammasome. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12272-12284. [PMID: 33022900 PMCID: PMC7686984 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional decline of stem cell transplantation in ageing hosts is well documented. The mechanism for this is poorly understood, although it is known that advancing age does not provide an optimal milieu for exogenous stem cells to survive, engraft and differentiate. We showed that n‐butylidenephthalide improved human adipose–derived stem cell (hADSC) engraftment via attenuating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It remained unclear whether pre‐treated hosts with n‐butylidenephthalide can rejuvenate the ageing heart and improve hADSC engraftment by regulating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction. One hour after coronary ligation, hADSCs were transplanted into the hearts of young and ageing Wistar rats that were pre‐treated with or without n‐butylidenephthalide for 3 days. At day 3 after infarction, myocardial infarction was associated with an increase in ROS levels and NLRP3 inflammasome activity with age. hADSC transplant effectively provided a significant decrease in ROS levels, NLRP3 inflammasome activity, IL‐1β levels and cardiac fibrosis in either young or old infarcted rats. However, the beneficial effects of hADSCs were greater in young compared with old rats in terms of NLRP3 inflammasome activity. The infarcted ageing rats pre‐conditioned by n‐butylidenephthalide improved engraftment and differentiation of hADSCs and additionally attenuated cardiac fibrosis compared with hADSCs alone. The anti‐inflammation effects of n‐butylidenephthalide were reversed by SIN‐1. In conclusions, the increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity plays the pathogenesis of ageing‐related functional hADSC decline in the ageing hosts. n‐butylidenephthalide‐pre‐treated ageing hosts reversibly ameliorate the harsh microenvironments, improve stem cell engraftment and attenuate cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien City, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien City, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
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10
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Preconditioned and Genetically Modified Stem Cells for Myocardial Infarction Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197301. [PMID: 33023264 PMCID: PMC7582407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction remain leading causes of mortality worldwide. Existing myocardial infarction treatments are incapable of fully repairing and regenerating the infarcted myocardium. Stem cell transplantation therapy has demonstrated promising results in improving heart function following myocardial infarction. However, poor cell survival and low engraftment at the harsh and hostile environment at the site of infarction limit the regeneration potential of stem cells. Preconditioning with various physical and chemical factors, as well as genetic modification and cellular reprogramming, are strategies that could potentially optimize stem cell transplantation therapy for clinical application. In this review, we discuss the most up-to-date findings related to utilizing preconditioned stem cells for myocardial infarction treatment, focusing mainly on preconditioning with hypoxia, growth factors, drugs, and biological agents. Furthermore, genetic manipulations on stem cells, such as the overexpression of specific proteins, regulation of microRNAs, and cellular reprogramming to improve their efficiency in myocardial infarction treatment, are discussed as well.
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11
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Huang H, Xu Z, Qi Y, Zhang W, Zhang C, Jiang M, Deng S, Wang H. Exosomes from SIRT1-Overexpressing ADSCs Restore Cardiac Function by Improving Angiogenic Function of EPCs. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:737-750. [PMID: 32771925 PMCID: PMC7412761 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes from Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-overexpressing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) had a protective effect on AMI. The expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) was significantly downregulated in peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from AMI patients (AMI-EPCs) compared with that in healthy donors, which coincided with impaired tube formation. The exosomes from SIRT1 overexpression in ADSCs (ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos) increased the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AMI-EPCs, which promoted migration and tube formation of AMI-EPCs, and overexpression of CXCR7 helped AMI-EPCs to restore the function of cell migration and tube formation. Moreover, CXCR7 was downregulated in the myocardium of AMI mice, and knockout of CXCR7 exacerbated AMI-induced impairment of cardiovascular function. Injection of ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos increased the survival and promoted the recovery of myocardial function with reduced infarct size and post-AMI left ventricular remodeling, induced vasculogenesis, and decreased AMI-induced myocardial inflammation. These findings showed that ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos may recruit EPCs to the repair area and that this recruitment may be mediated by Nrf2/CXCL12/CXCR7 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Chenjun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Shengqiong Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China.
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12
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Yan W, Lin C, Guo Y, Chen Y, Du Y, Lau WB, Xia Y, Zhang F, Su R, Gao E, Wang Y, Li C, Liu R, Ma XL, Tao L. N-Cadherin Overexpression Mobilizes the Protective Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Against Ischemic Heart Injury Through a β-Catenin-Dependent Manner. Circ Res 2020; 126:857-874. [PMID: 32079489 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy is promising against ischemic heart failure. However, its efficacy is limited due to low cell retention and poor paracrine function. A transmembrane protein capable of enhancing cell-cell adhesion, N-cadherin garnered attention in the field of stem cell biology only recently. OBJECTIVE The current study investigates whether and how N-cadherin may regulate mesenchymal stromal cells retention and cardioprotective capability against ischemic heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult mice-derived adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSC) were transfected with adenovirus harboring N-cadherin, T-cadherin, or control adenovirus. CM-DiI-labeled ADSC were intramyocardially injected into the infarct border zone at 3 sites immediately after myocardial infarction (MI) or myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. ADSC retention/survival, cardiomyocyte apoptosis/proliferation, capillary density, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiac function were determined. Discovery-driven/cause-effect analysis was used to determine the molecular mechanisms. Compared with ADSC transfected with adenovirus-control, N-cadherin overexpression (but not T-cadherin) markedly increased engrafted ADSC survival/retention up to 7 days post-MI. Histological analysis revealed that ADSC transfected with adenovirus-N-cadherin significantly preserved capillary density and increased cardiomyocyte proliferation and moderately reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis 3 days post-MI. More importantly, ADSC transfected with adenovirus-N-cadherin (but not ADSC transfected with adenovirus-T-cadherin) significantly increased left ventricular ejection fraction and reduced fibrosis in both MI and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that N-cadherin overexpression promoted ADSC-cardiomyocyte adhesion and ADSC migration, enhancing their capability to increase angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation. MMP (matrix metallopeptidases)-10/13 and HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) upregulation is responsible for N-cadherin's effect upon ADSC migration and paracrine angiogenesis. N-cadherin overexpression promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation by HGF release. Mechanistically, N-cadherin overexpression significantly increased N-cadherin/β-catenin complex formation and active β-catenin levels in the nucleus. β-catenin knockdown abolished N-cadherin overexpression-induced MMP-10, MMP-13, and HGF expression and blocked the cellular actions and cardioprotective effects of ADSC overexpressing N-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that N-cadherin overexpression enhances mesenchymal stromal cells-protective effects against ischemic heart failure via β-catenin-mediated MMP-10/MMP-13/HGF expression and production, promoting ADSC/cardiomyocyte adhesion and ADSC retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yan
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Chen Lin
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Yongzhen Guo
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Youhu Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Yunhui Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, China (Y.D.)
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Medicine and Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (W.B.L., Y.W., X.M.)
| | - Yunlong Xia
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Fuyang Zhang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China.,Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine (F.Z.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Renzhi Su
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (E.G.)
| | - Yajing Wang
- Medicine and Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (W.B.L., Y.W., X.M.)
| | - Congye Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Toxicology, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Shanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health (R.L.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Medicine and Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (W.B.L., Y.W., X.M.)
| | - Ling Tao
- From the Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital (W.Y., C. Lin, Y.G., Y.C., Y.X., F.Z., R.S., C. Li, L.T.), Fourth Military Medical University, China
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13
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Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells ameliorate cardiac fibrosis by regulating macrophage polarization in infarcted rat hearts through the PI3K/STAT3 pathway. J Transl Med 2019; 99:634-647. [PMID: 30683900 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells can modify macrophage phenotypes; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated whether n-butylidenephthalide (BP) primed adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) attenuated cardiac fibrosis via regulating macrophage phenotype by a PI3K/STAT3-dependent pathway in postinfarcted rats. Male Wistar rats after coronary ligation were allocated to receive either intramyocardial injection of vehicle, ADSCs (1 × 106 cells), BP-preconditioned ADSCs, (BP + lithium)-preconditioned ADSCs, (BP + LY294002)-preconditioned ADSCs, and (BP + S3I-201)-preconditioned ADSCs. ADSCs were primed for 16 h before implantation. BP-pretreated ADSCs increased the cell viability compared with naive ADSCs in the in vitro experiments. Infarct sizes were similar among the infarcted groups at the acute and chronic stages of infarction. At day 3 after infarction, post-infarction was associated with increased M1 macrophage infiltration, which was inhibited by administering naive ADSCs. Compared with naive ADSCs, BP-preconditioned ADSCs provided a significant increase of Akt and STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 activity, STAT3 nuclear translocation, myocardial IL-10 levels, and the percentage of M2 macrophage infiltration. The effects of BP on M2 polarization were reversed by LY294002 or S3I-201. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of both Akt and STAT3 was abolished by LY294002, whereas Akt phosphorylation was not affected following the inhibition of STAT3. The addition of lithium did not have additional effects compared with BP alone. After 4 weeks of implantation, ADSCs remained in the myocardium, and reduced fibrosis and improved cardiac function. BP-preconditioned ADSCs provided superior cardioprotection, greater ADSC engraftment, and antifibrotic effects compared with naive ADSCs. These results suggest that BP-pretreated ADSCs polarize macrophages into M2 cells more efficiently than naive ADSCs via the PI3K/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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14
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Shabani P, Ghazizadeh Z, Gorgani-Firuzjaee S, Molazem M, Rajabi S, Vahdat S, Azizi Y, Doosti M, Aghdami N, Baharvand H. Cardioprotective effects of omega-3 fatty acids and ascorbic acid improve regenerative capacity of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac lineage cells. Biofactors 2019; 45:427-438. [PMID: 30907984 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the major issues in cell therapy of myocardial infarction (MI) is early death of engrafted cells in a harsh oxidative stress environment, which limits the potential therapeutic utility of this strategy in the clinical setting. Increasing evidence implicates beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in cardiovascular diseases, in particular their role in ameliorating fibrosis. In the current study, we aim to assess the cytoprotective role of EPA + DHA and AA in protecting embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived cardiac lineage cells and amelioration of fibrosis. Herein, we have shown that preincubation of the cells with EPA + DHA + AA prior to H2 O2 treatment attenuated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced cell viability. Gene expression analysis revealed that preincubation with EPA + DHA + AA followed by H2 O2 treatment, upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) along with cardiac markers (GATA4, myosin heavy chain, α isoform [MYH6]), connexin 43 [CX43]) and attenuated oxidative stress-induced upregulation of fibroblast markers (vimentin and collagen type 1 [Col1]). Alterations in gene expression patterns were followed by marked elevation of cardiac troponin (TNNT2) positive cells and reduced numbers of vimentin positive cells. An injection of EPA + DHA + AA-pretreated ESC-derived cardiac lineage cells into the ischemic myocardium of a rat model of MI significantly reduced fibrosis compared to the vehicle group. This study provided evidence that EPA + DHA + AA may be an appropriate preincubation regimen for regenerative purposes. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):427-438, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Shabani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Zaniar Ghazizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Para Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Molazem
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Rajabi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Vahdat
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Doosti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Remote transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells induces regression of cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the macrophage polarization in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Redox Biol 2019; 27:101170. [PMID: 31164286 PMCID: PMC6859583 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension has prognostic significance on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Recently, we have shown that n-butylidenephthalide (BP) improves human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) engraftment via attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This prompted us to investigate whether remote transplantation of BP-pretreated hADSCs confers attenuated LVH at an established phase of hypertension. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 12 weeks were randomly allocated to receive right hamstring injection of vehicle, clinical-grade hADSCs, and BP-preconditioned hADSCs for 8 weeks. As compared with untreated SHRs, naïve hADSCs decreased the ratio of LV weight to tibia, cardiomyocyte cell size, and collagen deposition independent of hemodynamic changes. These changes were accompanied by attenuated myocardial ROS production and increased p-STAT3 levels. Compared with naïve hADSCs, BP-preconditioned hADSCs provided a further decrease of ROS and LVH and an increase of local hADSC engraftment, STAT3 phosphorylation, STAT3 activity, STAT3 nuclear translocation, myocardial IL-10 levels, and the percentage of M2 macrophage infiltration. SIN-1 or S3I-201 reversed the effects of BP-preconditioned ADSCs increase on myocardial IL-10 levels. Furthermore, SIN-1 abolished the phosphorylation of STAT3, whereas superoxide levels were not affected following the inhibition of STAT3. Our results highlighted the feasibility of remote transplantation of hADSCs can be considered as an alternative procedure to reverse cardiac hypertrophy even at an established phase of hypertension. BP-pretreated hADSCs polarize macrophages into M2 immunoregulatory cells more efficiently than naïve hADSCs via ROS/STAT3 pathway. Hypertension was associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. Compared with untreated SHRs, naïve hADSCs injected at the right hamstring decreased LV mass and cardiomyocyte cell size. BP-preconditioned ADSCs provided a further increase of the M2 macrophage infiltration. The beneficial effects of BP-preconditioned stem cell administration can be abolished by exogenous SIN-1 or 3SI-201. Remote transplantation of hADSCs can be considered as an alternative procedure to reverse cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan.
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