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Ye XF, Huang ZP, Li MM, Liu SF, Huang WL, Hamud AMS, Ye LC, Li LY, Wu SJ, Zhuang JL, Chen YH, Chen XR, Lin S, Wei XF, Chen CN. Update on aquaporin-4 antibody detection: the early diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 90:105803. [PMID: 39128164 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune-mediated primary inflammatory myelinopathy of the central nervous system that primarily affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. The aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) is a specific autoantibody marker for NMOSD. Most patients with NMOSD are seropositive for AQP4-Ab, thus aiding physicians in identifying ways to treat NMOSD. AQP4-Ab has been tested in many clinical and laboratory studies, demonstrating effectiveness in diagnosing NMOSD. Recently, novel assays have been developed for the rapid and accurate detection of AQP4-Ab, providing further guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD. This article summarizes the importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis for treating NMOSD based on a review of the latest relevant literature. We discussed current challenges and methods for improvement to offer new ideas for exploring rapid and accurate AQP4-Ab detection methods, aiming for early diagnosis of NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Ye
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Zheng-Ping Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Mi-Mi Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu-Fen Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Wan-Li Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Abdullahi Mukhtar Sheik Hamud
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Chao Ye
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Lin-Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu-Juan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China
| | - Jian-Long Zhuang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian China
| | - Yan-Hong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shishi General Hospital, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Xiao-Feng Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Chun-Nuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000Fujian Province, China.
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Moreira D, Alexandre D, Miranda A, Lourenço P, Baptista PV, Tomaz C, Lu Y, Cruz C. Detecting mir-155-3p through a Molecular Beacon Bead-Based Assay. Molecules 2024; 29:3182. [PMID: 38999134 PMCID: PMC11243622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is recognized as one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide, underscoring an urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for several diseases and their progression, such as LC. However, traditional methods for detecting and quantifying miRNAs, such as PCR, are time-consuming and expensive. Herein, we used a molecular beacon (MB) bead-based assay immobilized in a microfluidic device to detect miR-155-3p, which is frequently overexpressed in LC. The assay relies on the fluorescence enhancement of the MB upon binding to the target miRNA via Watson and Crick complementarity, resulting in a conformational change from a stem-loop to a linear structure, thereby bringing apart the fluorophores at each end. This assay was performed on a microfluidic platform enabling rapid and straightforward target detection. We successfully detected miR-155-3p in a saline solution, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of 42 nM. Furthermore, we evaluated the method's performance in more complex biological samples, including A549 cells' total RNA and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) spiked with the target miRNA. We achieved satisfactory recovery rates, especially in A549 cells' total RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Moreira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniela Alexandre
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lourenço
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, FCT-NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cândida Tomaz
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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Kim B, Kumar S, Chon B, Son HJ, Kang SO, Seo S. Facile microfluidic synthesis of monodispersed size-controllable quantum dot (QD) microbeads using custom developed QD photoresist. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17473-17481. [PMID: 37861429 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03544a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent microbeads (MBs) are widely used as next-generation biosensors for the detection of target chemicals at highly sensitive concentrations, and for imaging and tracking in vitro and in vivo. However, most known methods for producing fluorescent MBs require complicated multistep processes that result in low production rates. In this study, we report a method for fabricating micrometer-sized quantum dot microbeads (QD-MBs) using a microfluidic chip and specially designed QD photoresist (QD-PR). This on-demand lab-on-a-chip method yielded monodispersed QD-MBs ranging from 1.89 to 33 μm with a coefficient of variation of less than 10%. The size distribution of the fabricated QD-MBs was Gaussian with a peak around the mean diameter and a spread of sizes around the peak. Compared with nanoscale QDs, the fabricated QD-MBs showed no emission loss. The full-width at half-maximum of the emission peak of the QD-MBs was smaller than that of the colloidal QDs, indicating a more uniform distribution and a higher density of QDs within the MB structure. In addition, we investigated the microfluidic flow regime that yielded the most uniform and controllable QD-MB. The MBs in the dripping regime were spherical and monodisperse, with an excellent particle size distribution. In this study, we present a simple and effective strategy for producing QD-MBs with controllable sizes, which can be crucial in diverse fields such as biosensing, drug delivery, and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeongseok Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
| | - Samir Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bumsoo Chon
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ook Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkyu Seo
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
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Hu X, Liao J, Shan H, He H, Du Z, Guan M, Hu J, Li J, Gu B. A novel carboxyl polymer-modified upconversion luminescent nanoprobe for detection of prostate-specific antigen in the clinical gray zonebase by flow immunoassay strip. Methods 2023; 215:10-16. [PMID: 37169320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a widely-used biomarker for the diagnosis, screening, and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). It is critical to develop a rapid and convenient method to accurately detect PSA levels, especially when the PSA levels are in the clinical gray area of 4-10 ng/mL. We developed a novel upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-based fluorescence lateral flow test strip for qualitatively and quantitatively detecting PSA. The carboxyl group-modified UCNPs (UCNP-COOH) were labeled with anti-PSA antibodies via 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as labeling probes to recognize PSA. The fluorescence intensity of the UCNP-probe was then measured with a laser fluorescence scanner. A total of 1397 serum and 20 fingertip blood samples were collected to validate the UCNP strip. A reliable correlation between the area ratio (TC), reflecting the fluorescence intensity of the test/control line, and the PSA concentration was observed (r = 0.9986). The dose-dependent luminescence enhancement showed good linearity in the PSA concentration range from 0.1 to 100.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL. Our UCNP POCT strip demonstrated excellent accuracy, anti-interference and stability in the gray zone (4-10 ng/mL) of PSA clinical application and outperformed other PSA test strips. The UCNP strip showed good consistency with the Roche chemiluminescence assay in 1397 serum samples. It also showed good performance for PSA detection using fingertip blood samples. This novel UCNP-based test strip could be a sensitive and reliable POCT assay to detect PSA, facilitating the diagnosis and surveillance of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Jianfeng Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Huizhuang Shan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Hao He
- Shenzhen Light Life Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhongbo Du
- Shenzhen Light Life Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ming Guan
- Shenzhen Light Life Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiwen Hu
- Central Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory Medicine, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua 617026, China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
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5
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A portable and low-cost centrifugal microfluidic platform for multiplexed colorimetric detection of protein biomarkers. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1245:340823. [PMID: 36737129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines play a very important role in our immune system by acting as mediators to put up a coordinated defense against foreign elements in our body. Elevated levels of cytokines in the body can signal to an ongoing response of the immune system to some abnormality. Thus, the quantification of a panel of cytokines can provide valuable information regarding the diagnosis of specific diseases and state of overall health of an individual. Conventional Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is the gold-standard for quantification of cytokines, however the need for trained personnel and expensive equipment limits its application to centralized laboratories only. In this context, there is a lack of simple, low-cost and portable devices which can allow for quantification of panels of cytokines at point-of-care and/or resource limited settings. Here, we report the development of a versatile, low-cost and portable bead-based centrifugal microfluidic platform allowing for multiplexed detection of cytokines with minimal hands-on time and an integrated colorimetric signal readout without the need for any external equipment. As a model, multiplexed colorimetric quantification of three target cytokines i.e., Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was achieved in less than 30 min with limits of detection in ng/mL range. The developed platform was further evaluated using spiked-in plasma samples to test for matrix interference. The ease of use, low-cost and portability of the developed platform highlight its potential to serve as a sample-to-answer solution for detection of cytokine panels in resource limited settings.
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6
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Flora FC, Relvas SB, Silva FAE, Freire MG, Chu V, Conde JP. Combined Use of Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems and Microfluidic Devices for the Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:334. [PMID: 36979546 PMCID: PMC10046584 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the cancer types that most affects males worldwide and is among the highest contributors to cancer mortality rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find strategies to improve the diagnosis of PCa. Microtechnologies have been gaining ground in biomedical devices, with microfluidics and lab-on-chip systems potentially revolutionizing medical diagnostics. In this paper, it is shown that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can be detected through an immunoassay performed in a microbead-based microfluidic device after being extracted and purified from a serum sample through an aqueous biphasic system (ABS). Given their well-established status as ABS components for successful bioseparations, ionic liquids (ILs) and polymers were used in combination with buffered salts. Using both IL-based and polymer-based ABS, it was demonstrated that it is possible to detect PSA in non-physiological environments. It was concluded that the ABS that performed better in extracting the PSA from serum were those composed of tetrabutylammonium chloride ([N4444]Cl) and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide ([P4444]Br), both combined with phosphate buffer, and constituted by polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1000 g/mol (PEG1000) with citrate buffer. In comparison with the assay with PSA prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or human serum in which no ABS-mediated extraction was applied, assays attained lower limits of detection after IL-based ABS-mediated extraction. These results reinforce the potential of this method in future point-of-care (PoC) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa C. Flora
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia B. Relvas
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisca A. e Silva
- CICECO—Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO—Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Virginia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores-Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN), 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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7
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Priyadarshani J, Awasthi P, Das S, Chakraborty S. Thermally-modulated shape transition at the interface of soft gel filament and hydrophobic substrate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:246-260. [PMID: 36863181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A liquid filament may pinch off into different shapes on interacting with a soft surface, as modulated by the interplay of inertial, capillary, and viscous forces. While similar shape transitions may intuitively be realized for more complex materials such as soft gel filaments as well, their intricate controllability towards deriving precise and stable morphological features remains challenging, as attributed to the complexities stemming from the underlying interfacial interactions over the relevant length and time scales during the sol-gel transition process. Circumventing these deficits in the reported literature, here we report a new means of precisely-controlled fabrication of gel microbeads via exploiting thermally-modulated instabilities of a soft filament atop a hydrophobic substrate. Our experiments reveal that abrupt morphological transitions of the gel material set in at a threshold temperature, resulting in spontaneous capillary thinning and filament breakup. We show that this phenomenon may be precisely modulated by an alteration in the hydration state of the gel material that may be preferentially dictated by its intrinsic glycerol content. Our results demonstrate that the consequent morphological transitions give rise to topologically-selective microbeads as an exclusive signature of the interfacial interactions of the gel material with the deformable hydrophobic interface underneath. Thus, intricate control may be imposed on the spatio-temporal evolution of the deforming gel, facilitating the inception of highly ordered structures of specific shapes and dimensionalities on demand. This is likely to advance the strategies of long shelf-life analytical biomaterial encapsulations via realizing one-step physical immobilization of bio-analytes on the bead surfaces as a new route to controlled materials processing, without demanding any resourced microfabrication facility or delicate consumable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsana Priyadarshani
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Prasoon Awasthi
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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8
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Wang Y, Gao Y, Yin Y, Pan Y, Wang Y, Song Y. Nanomaterial-assisted microfluidics for multiplex assays. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:139. [PMID: 35275267 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of different biomarkers from a single specimen in a single test, allowing more rapid, efficient, and low-cost analysis, is of great significance for accurate diagnosis of disease and efficient monitoring of therapy. Recently, developments in microfabrication and nanotechnology have advanced the integration of nanomaterials in microfluidic devices toward multiplex assays of biomarkers, combining both the advantages of microfluidics and the unique properties of nanomaterials. In this review, we focus on the state of the art in multiplexed detection of biomarkers based on nanomaterial-assisted microfluidics. Following an overview of the typical microfluidic analytical techniques and the most commonly used nanomaterials for biochemistry analysis, we highlight in detail the nanomaterial-assisted microfluidic strategies for different biomarkers. These highly integrated platforms with minimum sample consumption, high sensitivity and specificity, low detection limit, enhanced signals, and reduced detection time have been extensively applied in various domains and show great potential in future point-of-care testing and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Sino-French Engineer School, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yujun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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9
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Santos T, Miranda A, Imbert L, Jardim A, Caneira CRF, Chu V, Conde JP, Campello MPC, Paulo A, Salgado G, Cabrita EJ, Cruz C. Pre-miRNA-149 G-quadruplex as a molecular agent to capture nucleolin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 169:106093. [PMID: 34922315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant challenges in capturing and detecting biomarkers is the choice of an appropriate biomolecular receptor. Recently, RNA G-quadruplexes emerged as plausible receptors due to their ability to recognize with high-affinity proteins. Herein, we have unveiled and characterized the capability of the precursor microRNA 149 to form a G-quadruplex structure and determined the role that some ligands may have in its folding and binding capacity to nucleolin. The G-quadruplex formation was induced by K+ ions and stabilized by ligands, as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism experiments. Surface plasmon resonance measurements showed a binding affinity of precursor microRNA 149 towards ligands in the micromolar range (10-5-10-6 M) and a strong binding affinity to nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 (8.38 × 10-10 M). Even in the presence of the ligand PhenDC3, the binding remains almost identical and in the same order of magnitude (4.46 × 10-10 M). The molecular interactions of the RNA G-quadruplex motif found in precursor miRNA 149 (5'-GGGAGGGAGGGACGGG- 3') and nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 were explored by means of molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies. The results showed that RNA G-quadruplex binds to a cavity between domains 1 and 2 of the protein. Then, complex formation was also evaluated through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results suggest that precursor microRNA 149/ligands and precursor microRNA 149/nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 form stable molecular complexes. The in vitro co-localization of precursor microRNA 149 and nucleolin in PC3 cells was demonstrated using confocal microscopy. Finally, a rapid and straightforward microfluidic strategy was employed to check the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2. The results revealed that precursor microRNA 149 can capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 labeled with Fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate in a concentration-dependent manner, but PhenDC3 complexation seems to decrease the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture the protein. Overall, our results proved the formation of the G-quadruplex structure in the precursor microRNA 149 and the ability to recognize and detect nucleolin. This proof-of-concept study could open up a new framework for developing new strategies to design improved molecular receptors for capture and detection of nucleolin in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Lionel Imbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, EMBL Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG), Grenoble, France
| | - Andreia Jardim
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina R F Caneira
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Virgínia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João P Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula Cabral Campello
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 1397), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; DECN -Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 1397), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; DECN -Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gilmar Salgado
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory INSERM, U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, Pessac, France
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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10
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Nascimento A, São Pedro MN, Pinto IF, Aires-Barros MR, Azevedo AM. Microfluidics as a high-throughput solution for chromatographic process development - The complexity of multimodal chromatography used as a proof of concept. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1658:462618. [PMID: 34666268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput technologies are fundamental to expedite the implementation of novel purification platforms. The possibility of performing process development within short periods of time while saving consumables and biological material are prime features for any high-throughput screening device. In this work, a microfluidic device is evaluated as high-throughput solution for a complete study of chromatographic operation conditions on ten different multimodal resins. The potential of this class of purification solutions is generally hindered by its complexity. Taking this into consideration, the microfluidic platform was herein applied and assessed as a tool for high-throughput applications. The commercially available multimodal ligands were studied for the binding of three antibody-based biomolecules (polyclonal mixture of whole antibodies, Fab and Fc fragments) at different pH and salt conditions, in a total of 450 experiments. The results obtained with the microfluidic device were comparable to a standard 96-well filtering microplate high-throughput tool. Additionally, five of the ten multimodal ligands tested were packed into a bench-scale column to perform a final validation of the microfluidic results obtained. All the data acquired in this work using different screening protocols corroborate each other, showing that microfluidic chromatography is a valuable tool for the fast implementation of a new purification step, particularly, if the goal is to narrow the downstream possibilities by being a first point of decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Nascimento
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana N São Pedro
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês F Pinto
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Raquel Aires-Barros
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Azevedo
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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11
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Soares RRG, Akhtar AS, Pinto IF, Lapins N, Barrett D, Sandh G, Yin X, Pelechano V, Russom A. Sample-to-answer COVID-19 nucleic acid testing using a low-cost centrifugal microfluidic platform with bead-based signal enhancement and smartphone read-out. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2932-2944. [PMID: 34114589 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00266j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
With its origin estimated around December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a major global health challenge. The demand for scalable, rapid and sensitive viral diagnostics is thus particularly pressing at present to help contain the rapid spread of infection and prevent overwhelming the capacity of health systems. While high-income countries have managed to rapidly expand diagnostic capacities, such is not the case in resource-limited settings of low- to medium-income countries. Aiming at developing cost-effective viral load detection systems for point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostics in resource-limited and resource-rich settings alike, we report the development of an integrated modular centrifugal microfluidic platform to perform loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of viral RNA directly from heat-inactivated nasopharyngeal swab samples. The discs were pre-packed with dried n-benzyl-n-methylethanolamine modified agarose beads used to selectively remove primer dimers, inactivate the reaction post-amplification and allowing enhanced fluorescence detection via a smartphone camera. Sample-to-answer analysis within 1 hour from sample collection and a detection limit of approximately 100 RNA copies in 10 μL reaction volume were achieved. The platform was validated with a panel of 162 nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from patients with COVID-19 symptoms, providing a sensitivity of 96.6% (82.2-99.9%, 95% CI) for samples with Ct values below 26 and a specificity of 100% (90-100%, 95% CI), thus being fit-for-purpose to diagnose patients with a high risk of viral transmission. These results show significant promise towards bringing routine point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostics to resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben R G Soares
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Ahmad S Akhtar
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Inês F Pinto
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Noa Lapins
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Donal Barrett
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Sandh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiushan Yin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden and Applied Biology Laboratory, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China and Biotech and Biomedicine Science Co. Ltd, Shenyang, China
| | - Vicent Pelechano
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden. and AIMES - Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Chen J, Liu F, Li Z, Tan L, Zhang M, Xu D. Solid phase extraction based microfluidic chip coupled with mass spectrometry for rapid determination of aflatoxins in peanut oil. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Santos T, Miranda A, Campello MPC, Paulo A, Salgado G, Cabrita EJ, Cruz C. Recognition of nucleolin through interaction with RNA G-quadruplex. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 189:114208. [PMID: 32860827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel biomarkers for early-stage diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) has attracted the attention of researchers in the last decade. Nucleolin (NCL) has emerged as a possible biomarker of PCa due to its high expression levels in the surface of PCa cells and affinity towards parallel G4s since it contains four RNA-binding domains (RBDs). Herein, we developed a novel strategy based on a microfluidic platform for the detection of NCL in biological samples, such as human plasma. The RNA G4 (rG4) sequence found in human precursor microRNA 92b (pre-miR-92b) was used as a molecular recognition probe since it forms a single dominant parallel rG4 conformation in the presence of 0.1 mM K+ as confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. The additional stability of the rG4 structure was provided by the acridine orange derivative ligand C8, which stabilizes the pre-miR-92b rG4 structure, as denoted by an increase in more than 30 °C of its melting temperature. FRET-melting assay revealed a remarkable synergistic effect of NCL RBD1,2 and C8 on the stabilization of the pre-miR-92b rG4. The binding of pre-miR-92b to NCL RBD1,2 was determined by in silico studies, which revealed a binding pocket formed by a 12-residue linker between RBD1 and RBD2. Both, pre-miR-92b rG4 and pre-miR-92b rG4/C8 complex demonstrated high affinity towards NCL RBD1,2, as proved by fluorimetric titrations (KD range between 10-12 and 10-9 M). The stability and nuclease resistance of pre-miR-92b rG4 and pre-miR-92b rG4/C8 complex were evaluated as molecular recognition probes to capture and detect NCL. Finally, the microfluidic platform detects NCL in complex biological samples, such as human plasma. Overall, this work demonstrates the usefulness of the microfluidic platform based on the pre-miR-92b to detect NCL and the possibility to be used as a valuable biomedical tool in PCa diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Maria P C Campello
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Gilmar Salgado
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, INSERM, U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal.
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14
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Miranda A, Santos T, Carvalho J, Alexandre D, Jardim A, Caneira CF, Vaz V, Pereira B, Godinho R, Brito D, Chu V, Conde JP, Cruz C. Aptamer-based approaches to detect nucleolin in prostate cancer. Talanta 2021; 226:122037. [PMID: 33676639 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the expression of nucleolin (NCL) in liquid biopsies of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and healthy controls to determine its correlation with tumor prognosis. To detect NCL we used a modified AS1411 aptamer designated by AS1411-N5. In presence of NCL, AS1411-N5 increases the fluorescence by assuming a G-quadruplex (G4) structure, while in the absence of NCL the fluorescence signal remains quenched. The structural characterization of AS1411-N5 was performed by biophysical studies, which demonstrated the formation of G4 parallel conformation in the presence of 100 mM K+ and the ability to recognize NCL with high affinity (KD = 138.1 ± 5.5 nM). Furthermore, the clinical relevance of NCL in PCa liquid biopsies was assessed by using an NCL-based ELISA assay. The protein was measured in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cell lysate of 158 individuals, including PCa patients and healthy individuals. The results depicted a remarkable increase of NCL levels in the PBMC's lysate of PCa patients (mean of 626.1 pg/mL whole blood) when compared to healthy individuals (mean of 198.5 pg/mL whole blood). The ELISA results also provided evidence for the usefulness of determining NCL levels in advanced PCa stages. Furthermore, a microfluidic assay showed the ability of AS1411-N5 in recognizing NCL in spiked human plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Josué Carvalho
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniela Alexandre
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Andreia Jardim
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal; Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - CatarinaR F Caneira
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vírgilio Vaz
- Serviço de Urologia do Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira (CHUCB), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior (FCS-UBI), Covilhã, Portugal; Instituto Português de Oncologia (IPO), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Duarte Brito
- Instituto Português de Oncologia (IPO), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Virgínia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João P Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã, Portugal.
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15
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Pinto IF, Soares RRG, Mäkinen MEL, Chotteau V, Russom A. Multiplexed Microfluidic Cartridge for At-Line Protein Monitoring in Mammalian Cell Culture Processes for Biopharmaceutical Production. ACS Sens 2021; 6:842-851. [PMID: 33724791 PMCID: PMC8034812 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The biopharmaceutical
market has been rapidly growing in recent
years, creating a highly competitive arena where R&D is critical
to strike a balance between clinical safety and profitability. Toward
process optimization, the recent development and adoption of new process
analytical technologies (PAT) highlight the dynamic complexity of
mammalian/human cell culture processes, as well as the importance
of fine-tuning and modeling key metabolites and proteins. In this
context, simple, rapid, and cost-effective devices allowing routine
at-line monitoring of specific proteins during process development
and production are currently lacking. Here, we report the development
of a versatile microfluidic protein analysis cartridge allowing the
multiplexed bead-based immunodetection of specific proteins directly
from complex mixtures with minimal hands-on time. Colorimetric quantification
of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) host cell proteins as key impurities,
monoclonal antibodies as target biopharmaceuticals, and lactate dehydrogenase
as a marker of cell viability was achieved with limits of detection
in the 1–10 ng/mL range and analysis times as short as 30 min.
The device was further demonstrated for the monitoring of a Rituximab-producing
CHO cell bioreactor over the course of 8 days, providing comparable
recoveries to standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.
The high sensitivity combined with robustness to matrix interference
highlights the potential of the device to perform at-line measurements
spanning from the bioreactor to the downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês F. Pinto
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ruben R. G. Soares
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Meeri E.-L. Mäkinen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- AdBIOPRO, Competence Centre for Advanced BioProduction by Continuous Processing, KTH, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronique Chotteau
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- AdBIOPRO, Competence Centre for Advanced BioProduction by Continuous Processing, KTH, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aman Russom
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, 171 21 Solna, Sweden
- AIMES, Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Kumar T, Soares RRG, Ali Dholey L, Ramachandraiah H, Aval NA, Aljadi Z, Pettersson T, Russom A. Multi-layer assembly of cellulose nanofibrils in a microfluidic device for the selective capture and release of viable tumor cells from whole blood. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21788-21797. [PMID: 33103175 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
According to reports by the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer-related deaths reached almost 10 million in 2018. Nearly 65% of these deaths occurred in low- to middle-income countries, a trend that is bound to increase since cancer diagnostics are not currently considered a priority in resource-limited settings (RLS). Thus, cost-effective and specific cancer screening and diagnostics tools are in high demand, particularly in RLS. The selective isolation and up-concentration of rare cells while maintaining cell viability and preventing phenotypic changes is a powerful tool to allow accurate and sensitive downstream analysis. Here, multi-layer cellulose nanofibril-based coatings functionalized with anti-EpCAM antibodies on the surface of disposable microfluidic devices were optimized for specific capture of target cells, followed by efficient release without significant adverse effects. HCT 116 colon cancer cells were captured in a single step with >97% efficiency at 41.25 μL min-1 and, when spiked in whole blood, an average enrichment factor of ∼200-fold relative to white blood cells was achieved. The release of cells was performed by enzymatic digestion of the cellulose nanofibrils which had a negligible impact on cell viability. In particular, >80% of the cells were recovered with at least 97% viability in less than 30 min. Such performance paves the way to expand and improve clinical diagnostic applications by simplifying the isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and other rare cells directly from whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharagan Kumar
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
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17
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Soares RRG, Varela JC, Neogi U, Ciftci S, Ashokkumar M, Pinto IF, Nilsson M, Madaboosi N, Russom A. Sub-attomole detection of HIV-1 using padlock probes and rolling circle amplification combined with microfluidic affinity chromatography. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 166:112442. [PMID: 32755809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in diagnostics and disease management during the past decades, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are still responsible for nearly 1 million deaths every year, mostly in resource-limited settings. Thus, novel, accurate and cost-effective tools for viral load monitoring become crucial to allow specific diagnostics and the effective monitoring of the associated antiviral therapies. Herein, we report an effective combination of a (1) padlock probe (PLP)-mediated rolling circle amplification (RCA) bioassay and an (2) agarose bead-based microfluidic device for the affinity chromatography-based capture and detection of RCA products (RCPs) pre-labelled simultaneously with biotin and an organic fluorophore. This method allowed the efficient capture of ~1 μm-sized RCPs followed by their quantification either as discrete signals or an average fluorescence signal, thus being compatible with both high-resolution imaging for maximum sensitivity as well as simpler optical detection setups. A limit of detection < 30 fM was obtained for HIV-1 synthetic target with just a single round of RCA, comparable to recently reported procedures requiring technically complex amplification strategies such as hyperbranching and/or enzymatic digestion/amplification. Furthermore, targeting a set of five conserved regions in the HIV-1 gag gene, the method could specifically detect HIV-1 in 293T cell culture supernatants, as well as a set of 11 HIV-1 NIH reference samples with four different subtypes. The reported method provides simplicity of operation, unique versatility of signal transduction (i.e. average or discrete signals), and potential coupling with previously reported miniaturized photodetectors. These combined features hold promise for bringing RCA-based molecular diagnostics closer to the point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben R G Soares
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
| | - João C Varela
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sibel Ciftci
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Manickam Ashokkumar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Inês F Pinto
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Narayanan Madaboosi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Aman Russom
- Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
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18
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Roque ACA, Pina AS, Azevedo AM, Aires‐Barros R, Jungbauer A, Di Profio G, Heng JYY, Haigh J, Ottens M. Anything but Conventional Chromatography Approaches in Bioseparation. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900274. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Sofia Pina
- UCIBIOChemistry DepartmentNOVA School of Science and Technology Caparica 2829‐516 Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Azevedo
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesDepartment of BioengineeringInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais Lisbon 1049‐001 Portugal
| | - Raquel Aires‐Barros
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesDepartment of BioengineeringInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais Lisbon 1049‐001 Portugal
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Muthgasse 18 Vienna Muthgasse 1190 Austria
| | - Gianluca Di Profio
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR) – Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM) via P. Bucci Cubo 17/C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
| | - Jerry Y. Y. Heng
- Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Jonathan Haigh
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies UK Limited Belasis Avenue Billingham TS23 1LH UK
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 Delft 2629 HZ The Netherlands
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19
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Hemmig E, Temiz Y, Gökçe O, Lovchik RD, Delamarche E. Transposing Lateral Flow Immunoassays to Capillary-Driven Microfluidics Using Self-Coalescence Modules and Capillary-Assembled Receptor Carriers. Anal Chem 2019; 92:940-946. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hemmig
- IBM Research − Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Yuksel Temiz
- IBM Research − Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Onur Gökçe
- IBM Research − Zurich, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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20
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Pinto IF, Soares RRG, Aires‐Barros MR, Chu V, Conde JP, Azevedo AM. Optimizing the Performance of Chromatographic Separations Using Microfluidics: Multiplexed and Quantitative Screening of Ligands and Target Molecules. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800593. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inês F. Pinto
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ruben R. G. Soares
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria R. Aires‐Barros
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Virginia Chu
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
| | - João P. Conde
- INESC Microsistemas e NanotecnologiasIN ‐ Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Rua Alves Redol 9 1000‐029 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Ana M. Azevedo
- IBB ‐ Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1 1049‐001 Lisbon Portugal
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21
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Grasping and Releasing Agarose micro Beads in Water Drops. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10070436. [PMID: 31262087 PMCID: PMC6680837 DOI: 10.3390/mi10070436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The micromanipulation of micro objects is nowadays the focus of several investigations, specially in biomedical applications. Therefore, some manipulation tasks are required to be in aqueous environment and become more challenging because they depend upon observation and actuation methods that are compatible with MEMS Technology based micromanipulators. This paper describes how three grasping-releasing based tasks have been successfully applied to agarose micro beads whose average size is about 60 μm: (i) the extraction of a single micro bead from a water drop; (ii) the insertion of a single micro bead into the drop; (iii) the grasping of a single micro bead inside the drop. The success of the performed tasks rely on the use of a microgripper previously designed, fabricated, and tested.
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São Pedro MN, Azevedo AM, Aires-Barros MR, Soares RRG. Minimizing the Influence of Fluorescent Tags on IgG Partition in PEG-Salt Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for Rapid Screening Applications. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800640. [PMID: 30957974 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) has been showing significant potential in the biopharmaceutical industry, allowing the selective separation of high-value proteins directly from unclarified cell culture supernatants. In this context, effective high-throughput screening tools are critical to perform a rapid empirical optimization of operating conditions. In particular, microfluidic ATPE screening devices, coupled with fluorescence microscopy to continuously monitor the partition of fluorophore-labeled proteins, have been recently demonstrated to provide short diffusion distances and rapid partition, using minimal reagent volumes. Nevertheless, the currently overlooked influence of the labeling procedure on partition must be carefully evaluated to validate the extrapolation of results to the unlabeled molecule. Here, three fluorophores with different global charge and reactivity selected to label immunoglobulin G (IgG) at degrees of labeling (DoL) ranging from 0.5 to 7.6. Labeling with BODIPY FL maleimide (DoL = 0.5), combined with tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) to generate free thiol groups, is the most promising strategy to minimize the influence of the fluorophore on partition. In particular, the partition coefficient (Kp ) measured in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350-phosphate systems with and without the addition of NaCl using microtubes (batch) or microfluidic devices (continuous) is comparable to those quantified for the native protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana N São Pedro
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M Azevedo
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria R Aires-Barros
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ruben R G Soares
- IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.,IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Rua Alves Redol 9, 1000-029, Lisbon, Portugal
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Soares RR, Neumann F, Caneira CR, Madaboosi N, Ciftci S, Hernández-Neuta I, Pinto IF, Santos DR, Chu V, Russom A, Conde JP, Nilsson M. Silica bead-based microfluidic device with integrated photodiodes for the rapid capture and detection of rolling circle amplification products in the femtomolar range. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 128:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Sèbe G, Simon A, Dhuiège B, Faure C. Cu2+-loaded cellulose micro-beads applied to the direct patterning of metallic surfaces using a fast and convenient process. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 207:492-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Brás EJS, Fortes AM, Chu V, Fernandes P, Conde JP. Microfluidic device for the point of need detection of a pathogen infection biomarker in grapes. Analyst 2019; 144:4871-4879. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01002e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to the rise of pathogenic infections amongst crops, there is an increased need for point-of-need monitoring of plant health. In this work we present a portable system capable of detecting signs of infection in grapes using a microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo J. S. Brás
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Lisbon
- Portugal
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
- Instituto Superior Técnico
| | | | - Virginia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - Pedro Fernandes
- IBB – Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Lisbon
- Portugal
| | - João Pedro Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores – Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Lisbon
- Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering
- Instituto Superior Técnico
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26
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Xiao X, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Huang J, Zhu X, Yang X, Wang K. Integration of cell-free protein synthesis and purification in one microfluidic chip for on-demand production of recombinant protein. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:054102. [PMID: 30271517 PMCID: PMC6136919 DOI: 10.1063/1.5042307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins have shown several benefits compared with their non-recombinant counterparts in protein therapeutics. However, there are still some problems with the storage and distribution of recombinant proteins, owing to their temperature sensitivity. Microfluidic chips can integrate different functional modules into a single device because of the advantages of integration and miniaturization, which have the special potential to synthesize drugs when and where they are needed most. Here, we integrated cell-free protein synthesis and purification into a microfluidic chip for the production of recombinant protein. The chip consisted of a main channel and a branch channel. The main channel included two pinches, which were filled with template DNA-modified agarose microbeads and nickel ion-modified agarose beads as the cell-free protein synthesis unit and protein purification unit, respectively. The reaction mixture for protein synthesis was introduced into the main channel and first passed through the protein synthesis unit where the target protein was synthesized; next, the reaction mixture passed through the protein purification unit where the target protein was captured; and, finally, pure protein was collected at the outlet when washing buffer and eluting buffer were sequentially introduced into the branch channel. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was used as the model to investigate the performance of our chip. One chip could produce 70 μl of EGFP solution (144.3 μg/ml, 10.1 μg) per batch, and another round of protein synthesis and purification could be performed after replacing or regenerating nickel ion-modified agarose beads. It should be possible to produce other recombinant proteins on demand with this chip by simply replacing the template DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaohai Yang
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and . Tel./Fax: +86-731-88821566
| | - Kemin Wang
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and . Tel./Fax: +86-731-88821566
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Soares RRG, Santos DR, Pinto IF, Azevedo AM, Aires-Barros MR, Chu V, Conde JP. Multiplexed microfluidic fluorescence immunoassay with photodiode array signal acquisition for sub-minute and point-of-need detection of mycotoxins. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1569-1580. [PMID: 29736505 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00259b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Portable, rapid, cost effective and simple analytical tools are in increasing demand to facilitate the routine monitoring of target chemical/biological compounds at the point-of-need. Such devices are highly relevant within the context of food safety, particularly concerning the screening of highly toxic and strictly regulated mycotoxins. To achieve ultrarapid detection of mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol, at the point-of-need, a novel multiplexed bead-based microfluidic competitive immunosensor, coupled with an array of a-Si:H thin-film photodiodes for integrated fluorescence signal acquisition, is reported. Simultaneously measuring the initial binding rate for each analyte of the sample under analysis against an internal reference, this device provided limits of detection below 1 ng mL-1 for all mycotoxins in a single-step assay and within 1 minute after mixing the sample under analysis with a fluorescent conjugate. The compatibility of the device with the analysis of mycotoxins spiked in corn samples was further demonstrated after performing a sample preparation procedure based on aqueous two-phase extraction. The short times of analysis and sensitivities in the low ng mL-1 range make these devices potentially competitive with the lateral flow devices that are currently the standard for this application. Furthermore, this device architecture and concept is amenable of being expanded to other analytes in food safety, biomedical and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben R G Soares
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal.
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28
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Man Y, Liang G, Li A, Pan L. Recent Advances in Mycotoxin Determination for Food Monitoring via Microchip. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:E324. [PMID: 29036884 PMCID: PMC5666371 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are one of the main factors impacting food safety. Mycotoxin contamination has threatened the health of humans and animals. Conventional methods for the detection of mycotoxins are gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, all these methods are time-consuming, require large-scale instruments and skilled technicians, and consume large amounts of hazardous regents and solvents. Interestingly, a microchip requires less sample consumption and short analysis time, and can realize the integration, miniaturization, and high-throughput detection of the samples. Hence, the application of a microchip for the detection of mycotoxins can make up for the deficiency of the conventional detection methods. This review focuses on the application of a microchip to detect mycotoxins in foods. The toxicities of mycotoxins and the materials of the microchip are firstly summarized in turn. Then the application of a microchip that integrates various kinds of detection methods (optical, electrochemical, photo-electrochemical, and label-free detection) to detect mycotoxins is reviewed in detail. Finally, challenges and future research directions in the development of a microchip to detect mycotoxins are previewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Man
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Gang Liang
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - An Li
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Ligang Pan
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China.
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29
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Antibodies - Nature's analytical masterpieces. Methods 2017; 116:1-3. [PMID: 28351694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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